forked from AFPy/python-docs-fr
1602 lines
67 KiB
Plaintext
1602 lines
67 KiB
Plaintext
# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
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# Copyright (C) 1990-2016, Python Software Foundation
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# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
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# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
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#
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#, fuzzy
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: Python 2.7\n"
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"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:44+0100\n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
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"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
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"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:5
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msgid "Glossary"
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msgstr "Glossaire"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:10
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msgid "``>>>``"
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msgstr "``>>>``"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:12
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msgid ""
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"The default Python prompt of the interactive shell. Often seen for code "
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"examples which can be executed interactively in the interpreter."
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msgstr ""
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"L'invite de commande utilisée par défaut dans l'interpréteur interactif. On "
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"la voit souvent dans des exemples de code qui peuvent être exécutés "
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"interactivement dans l'interpréteur."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:14
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msgid "``...``"
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msgstr "``...``"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:16
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msgid ""
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"The default Python prompt of the interactive shell when entering code for an "
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"indented code block or within a pair of matching left and right delimiters "
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"(parentheses, square brackets or curly braces)."
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msgstr ""
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"L'invite de commande utilisée par défaut dans l'interpréteur interactif "
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"lorsqu'on entre un bloc de code indenté ou entre deux délimiteurs "
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"(parenthèses, crochets ou accolades)."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:19
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msgid "2to3"
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msgstr "3to3"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:21
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msgid ""
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"A tool that tries to convert Python 2.x code to Python 3.x code by handling "
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"most of the incompatibilities which can be detected by parsing the source "
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"and traversing the parse tree."
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msgstr ""
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"Un outil qui essaie de convertir du code pour Python 2.x en code pour Python "
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"3.x en gérant la plupart des incompatibilités qui peuvent être détectées en "
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"analysant la source et parcourant son arbre syntaxique."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:25
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msgid ""
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"2to3 is available in the standard library as :mod:`lib2to3`; a standalone "
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"entry point is provided as :file:`Tools/scripts/2to3`. See :ref:`2to3-"
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"reference`."
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msgstr ""
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"2to3 est disponible dans la bibliothèque standard sous le nom de :mod:"
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"`lib2to3`; un point d’entrée indépendant est fourni via :file:`Tools/"
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"scripts/2to3`. Cf. :ref:`2to3-reference`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:28
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msgid "abstract base class"
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msgstr "classe de base abstraite"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:30
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msgid ""
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"Abstract base classes complement :term:`duck-typing` by providing a way to "
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"define interfaces when other techniques like :func:`hasattr` would be clumsy "
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"or subtly wrong (for example with :ref:`magic methods <new-style-special-"
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"lookup>`). ABCs introduce virtual subclasses, which are classes that don't "
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"inherit from a class but are still recognized by :func:`isinstance` and :"
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"func:`issubclass`; see the :mod:`abc` module documentation. Python comes "
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"with many built-in ABCs for data structures (in the :mod:`collections` "
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"module), numbers (in the :mod:`numbers` module), and streams (in the :mod:"
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"`io` module). You can create your own ABCs with the :mod:`abc` module."
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msgstr ""
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"Les classes de base abstraites (ABC, suivant l'abréviation anglaise "
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"*Abstract Base Class*) complètent le :term:`duck-typing` en fournissant un "
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"moyen de définir des interfaces pour les cas où d'autres techniques comme :"
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"func:`hasattr` seraient inélégantes, ou subitement fausse (par exemple avec "
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"les :ref:`méthodes magiques <special-lookup>`). Les ABC introduisent des "
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"sous-classes virtuelles, qui n'héritent pas d'une classe mais qui sont quand "
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"même reconnues par :func:`isinstance` ou :func:`issubclass` (Voir la "
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"documentation du module :mod:`abc`). Python contient de nombreuses ABC pour "
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"les structures de données (dans le module :mod:`collections`), les nombres "
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"(dans le module :mod:`numbers`), les flux (dans le module :mod:`io`). Vous "
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"pouvez créer vos propres ABC avec le module :mod:`abc`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:40
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msgid "argument"
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msgstr "argument"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:42
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msgid ""
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"A value passed to a :term:`function` (or :term:`method`) when calling the "
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"function. There are two types of arguments:"
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msgstr ""
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"Une valeur, donnée à une :term:`fonction` ou à une :term:`méthode` lors de "
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"son appel. Il existe deux types d'arguments :"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:45
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msgid ""
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":dfn:`keyword argument`: an argument preceded by an identifier (e.g. "
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"``name=``) in a function call or passed as a value in a dictionary preceded "
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"by ``**``. For example, ``3`` and ``5`` are both keyword arguments in the "
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"following calls to :func:`complex`::"
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msgstr ""
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":dfn:`argument nommé`: un argument précédé d'un identifiant (comme "
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"``name=``) ou un dictionnaire précédé de ``**``, lors d'un appel de "
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"fonction. Par exemple, ``3`` et ``5`` sont tous les deux des arguments "
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"nommés dans l'appel à :func:`complex` ici : ::"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:53
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msgid ""
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":dfn:`positional argument`: an argument that is not a keyword argument. "
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"Positional arguments can appear at the beginning of an argument list and/or "
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"be passed as elements of an :term:`iterable` preceded by ``*``. For example, "
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"``3`` and ``5`` are both positional arguments in the following calls::"
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msgstr ""
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":dfn:`argument positionnel` : Un argument qui n'est pas nommé. Les arguments "
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"positionnels apparaissent au début de la liste des arguments, ou donnés sous "
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"forme d'un :term:`itérable` précédé par ``*``. Par exemple, ``3`` et ``5`` "
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"sont tous les deux des arguments positionnels dans les appels suivants : ::"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:62
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msgid ""
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"Arguments are assigned to the named local variables in a function body. See "
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"the :ref:`calls` section for the rules governing this assignment. "
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"Syntactically, any expression can be used to represent an argument; the "
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"evaluated value is assigned to the local variable."
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msgstr ""
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"Les arguments se retrouvent dans le corps de la fonction appelée parmi les "
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"variables locales. Voir la section :ref:`calls` à propos des règles dictant "
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"cet affectation. Syntaxiquement, toute expression est acceptée comme "
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"argument, et c'est la valeur résultante de l'expression qui sera affectée à "
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"la variable locale."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:67
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msgid ""
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"See also the :term:`parameter` glossary entry and the FAQ question on :ref:"
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"`the difference between arguments and parameters <faq-argument-vs-"
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"parameter>`."
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msgstr ""
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"Voir aussi :term:`parameter` dans le glossaire, et la question dans la FAQ à "
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"propos de :ref:`la différence entre argument et paramètre <faq-argument-vs-"
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"parameter>`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:70
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msgid "attribute"
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msgstr "attribut"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:72
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msgid ""
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"A value associated with an object which is referenced by name using dotted "
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"expressions. For example, if an object *o* has an attribute *a* it would be "
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"referenced as *o.a*."
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msgstr ""
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"Une valeur associée à un objet et désignée par son nom via une notation "
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"utilisant des points. Par exemple, si un objet *o* a un attribut *a*, il "
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"sera référencé par *o.a*."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:75
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msgid "BDFL"
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msgstr "BDFL"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:77
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msgid ""
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"Benevolent Dictator For Life, a.k.a. `Guido van Rossum <https://www.python."
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"org/~guido/>`_, Python's creator."
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msgstr ""
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"Bienveillant dictateur à vie (de *Benevolent Dictator For Life*), alias "
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"`Guido van Rossum <https://www.python.org/~guido/>`_, le créateur de Python."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:79
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msgid "bytes-like object"
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msgstr "Objet bytes-compatible"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:81
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msgid ""
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"An object that supports the :ref:`buffer protocol <bufferobjects>`, like :"
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"class:`str`, :class:`bytearray` or :class:`memoryview`. Bytes-like objects "
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"can be used for various operations that expect binary data, such as "
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"compression, saving to a binary file or sending over a socket. Some "
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"operations need the binary data to be mutable, in which case not all bytes-"
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"like objects can apply."
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msgstr ""
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"Un objet gérant le :ref:`bufferobjects`, comme les classes :class:`str`, :"
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"class:`bytearray`, ou :class:`memoryview`. Les objets bytes-compatibles "
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"peuvent manipuler des données binaires et ainsi servir à leur compression, "
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"sauvegarde, ou envoi sur une socket. Certaines actions nécessitent que la "
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"donnée binaire soit modifiable, ce qui n'est pas possible avec tous les "
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"objets byte-compatibles."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:87
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msgid "bytecode"
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msgstr "bytecode"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:89
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msgid ""
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"Python source code is compiled into bytecode, the internal representation of "
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"a Python program in the CPython interpreter. The bytecode is also cached in "
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"``.pyc`` and ``.pyo`` files so that executing the same file is faster the "
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"second time (recompilation from source to bytecode can be avoided). This "
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"\"intermediate language\" is said to run on a :term:`virtual machine` that "
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"executes the machine code corresponding to each bytecode. Do note that "
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"bytecodes are not expected to work between different Python virtual "
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"machines, nor to be stable between Python releases."
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msgstr ""
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"Le code source, en Python, est compilé en un bytecode, la représentation "
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"interne à CPython d'un programme Python. Le bytecode est stocké dans un "
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"fichier nommé ``.pyc`` ou ``.pyo``. Ces caches permettent de charger les "
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"fichiers plus rapidement lors de la deuxième exécution (en évitant ainsi de "
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"recommencer la compilation en bytecode). On dit que ce *langage "
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"intermédiaire* est exécuté sur une :term:`machine virtuelle` qui exécute des "
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"instructions machine pour chaque instruction du bytecode. Notez que le "
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"bytecode n'a pas vocation à fonctionner entre différentes machines virtuelle "
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"Python, encore moins entre différentes version de Python."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:99
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msgid ""
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"A list of bytecode instructions can be found in the documentation for :ref:"
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"`the dis module <bytecodes>`."
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msgstr ""
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"Une liste des instructions du bytecode se trouve dans la documentation du :"
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"ref:`module dis <bytecodes>`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:101
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msgid "class"
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msgstr "classe"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:103
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msgid ""
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"A template for creating user-defined objects. Class definitions normally "
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"contain method definitions which operate on instances of the class."
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msgstr ""
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"Un modèle pour créer des objets définis par l'utilisateur. Les définitions "
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"de classes (*class*) contiennent normalement des définitions de méthodes qui "
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"agissent sur les instances de classe."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:106
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msgid "classic class"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:108
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msgid ""
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"Any class which does not inherit from :class:`object`. See :term:`new-style "
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"class`. Classic classes have been removed in Python 3."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:110
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msgid "coercion"
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msgstr "coercition"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:112
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msgid ""
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"The implicit conversion of an instance of one type to another during an "
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"operation which involves two arguments of the same type. For example, "
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"``int(3.15)`` converts the floating point number to the integer ``3``, but "
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"in ``3+4.5``, each argument is of a different type (one int, one float), and "
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"both must be converted to the same type before they can be added or it will "
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"raise a ``TypeError``. Coercion between two operands can be performed with "
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"the ``coerce`` built-in function; thus, ``3+4.5`` is equivalent to calling "
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"``operator.add(*coerce(3, 4.5))`` and results in ``operator.add(3.0, "
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"4.5)``. Without coercion, all arguments of even compatible types would have "
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"to be normalized to the same value by the programmer, e.g., ``float(3)+4.5`` "
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"rather than just ``3+4.5``."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:123
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msgid "complex number"
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msgstr "nombre complexe"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:125
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msgid ""
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"An extension of the familiar real number system in which all numbers are "
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"expressed as a sum of a real part and an imaginary part. Imaginary numbers "
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"are real multiples of the imaginary unit (the square root of ``-1``), often "
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"written ``i`` in mathematics or ``j`` in engineering. Python has built-in "
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"support for complex numbers, which are written with this latter notation; "
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"the imaginary part is written with a ``j`` suffix, e.g., ``3+1j``. To get "
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"access to complex equivalents of the :mod:`math` module, use :mod:`cmath`. "
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"Use of complex numbers is a fairly advanced mathematical feature. If you're "
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"not aware of a need for them, it's almost certain you can safely ignore them."
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msgstr ""
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"Une extension du système numéral réel familier dans laquelle tous les "
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"nombres sont exprimés sous la forme d'une somme d'un réel et d'un "
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"imaginaire. Les nombres imaginaures sont de réels multiples d'une unité "
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"imaginaire (la racine carrée de ``-1``), souvent écrite ``i`` en "
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"mathématiques ou ``j`` en ingénierie. Python supporte nativement les nombres "
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"complexes, écrits avec cette dernière notation; la partie imaginaire est "
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"écrite avec un suffixe ``j``, exemple, ``3+1j``. Pour utiliser les "
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"équivalents complexes à :mod:`math`, utilisez :mod:`cmath`. L'utilisation "
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"des nombres complexes est une caractéristiques des mathématiques avancées. "
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"Si vous n'en avez pas l'utilité, vous pouvez les ignorer en toute "
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"tranquilité."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:135
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msgid "context manager"
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msgstr "gestionnaire de contexte"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:137
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msgid ""
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"An object which controls the environment seen in a :keyword:`with` statement "
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"by defining :meth:`__enter__` and :meth:`__exit__` methods. See :pep:`343`."
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msgstr ""
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"Un objet contrôlant l'environnement a l'intérieur d'une instruction :keyword:"
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"`with` en définissant les méthodes :meth:`__enter__` et :meth:`__exit__`. "
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"Consultez la :pep:`343`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:140
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msgid "CPython"
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msgstr "CPython"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:142
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msgid ""
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"The canonical implementation of the Python programming language, as "
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"distributed on `python.org <https://www.python.org>`_. The term \"CPython\" "
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"is used when necessary to distinguish this implementation from others such "
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"as Jython or IronPython."
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msgstr ""
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"L'implémentation canonique du langage de programmation Python, tel que "
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"distribué sur `python.org <https://www.python.org>`_. Le terme \"CPython\" "
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"est utilisé dans certains contextes lorsqu'il est nécessaire de distinguer "
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"cette implémentation des autres comme Jython ou IronPython."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:146
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msgid "decorator"
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msgstr "décorateur"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:148
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msgid ""
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"A function returning another function, usually applied as a function "
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"transformation using the ``@wrapper`` syntax. Common examples for "
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"decorators are :func:`classmethod` and :func:`staticmethod`."
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msgstr ""
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"Une fonction retournant une autre fonction, utilisé habituellement dans une "
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"transformation de fonction via la syntaxe ``@wrapper``. Les exemples "
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"habituels pour les décorateurs (*decorators*) sont :func:`classmethod` et :"
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"func:`staticmethod`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:152
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msgid ""
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"The decorator syntax is merely syntactic sugar, the following two function "
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"definitions are semantically equivalent::"
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msgstr ""
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"La syntaxe des décorateurs est simplement du sucre syntaxique, les "
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"définitions des deux fonctions suivantes sont sémantiquement équivalentes :"
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||
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:163
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msgid ""
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||
"The same concept exists for classes, but is less commonly used there. See "
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"the documentation for :ref:`function definitions <function>` and :ref:`class "
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"definitions <class>` for more about decorators."
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msgstr ""
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"Quoique moins fréquemment utilisé, le même concept existe pour les classes. "
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||
"Consultez la documentation :ref:`définitions de fonctions <function>` et :"
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"ref:`définitions de classes <class>` pour en savoir plus sur les décorateurs."
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||
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||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:166
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msgid "descriptor"
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msgstr "descripteur"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:168
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msgid ""
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"Any *new-style* object which defines the methods :meth:`__get__`, :meth:"
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"`__set__`, or :meth:`__delete__`. When a class attribute is a descriptor, "
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"its special binding behavior is triggered upon attribute lookup. Normally, "
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"using *a.b* to get, set or delete an attribute looks up the object named *b* "
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"in the class dictionary for *a*, but if *b* is a descriptor, the respective "
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"descriptor method gets called. Understanding descriptors is a key to a deep "
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||
"understanding of Python because they are the basis for many features "
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"including functions, methods, properties, class methods, static methods, and "
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"reference to super classes."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:178
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msgid ""
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"For more information about descriptors' methods, see :ref:`descriptors`."
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msgstr ""
|
||
"Pour plus d'informations sur les méthodes des descripteurs, consultez :ref:"
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"`descriptors`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:179
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msgid "dictionary"
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msgstr "dictionnaire"
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||
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:181
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msgid ""
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||
"An associative array, where arbitrary keys are mapped to values. The keys "
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||
"can be any object with :meth:`__hash__` and :meth:`__eq__` methods. Called "
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"a hash in Perl."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:184
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msgid "dictionary view"
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||
msgstr "vue de dictionnaire"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:186
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The objects returned from :meth:`dict.viewkeys`, :meth:`dict.viewvalues`, "
|
||
"and :meth:`dict.viewitems` are called dictionary views. They provide a "
|
||
"dynamic view on the dictionary’s entries, which means that when the "
|
||
"dictionary changes, the view reflects these changes. To force the dictionary "
|
||
"view to become a full list use ``list(dictview)``. See :ref:`dict-views`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:192
|
||
msgid "docstring"
|
||
msgstr "docstring"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:194
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A string literal which appears as the first expression in a class, function "
|
||
"or module. While ignored when the suite is executed, it is recognized by "
|
||
"the compiler and put into the :attr:`__doc__` attribute of the enclosing "
|
||
"class, function or module. Since it is available via introspection, it is "
|
||
"the canonical place for documentation of the object."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Une chaîne littérale étant la première expression d'une classe, fonction, ou "
|
||
"module. Bien qu'ignoré à l'exécution, elles sont reconnues par le "
|
||
"compilateur, et placées dans l'attribut :attr:`__doc__` de sa classe, "
|
||
"fonction, ou module respectif. Puisque cette chaîne est disponible par "
|
||
"introspection, c'est l'endroit idéal pour documenter l'objet."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:200
|
||
msgid "duck-typing"
|
||
msgstr "duck-typing"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:202
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A programming style which does not look at an object's type to determine if "
|
||
"it has the right interface; instead, the method or attribute is simply "
|
||
"called or used (\"If it looks like a duck and quacks like a duck, it must be "
|
||
"a duck.\") By emphasizing interfaces rather than specific types, well-"
|
||
"designed code improves its flexibility by allowing polymorphic "
|
||
"substitution. Duck-typing avoids tests using :func:`type` or :func:"
|
||
"`isinstance`. (Note, however, that duck-typing can be complemented with :"
|
||
"term:`abstract base classes <abstract base class>`.) Instead, it typically "
|
||
"employs :func:`hasattr` tests or :term:`EAFP` programming."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un style de programmation qui ne prend pas en compte le type d'un objet pour "
|
||
"déterminer s'il respecte une interface, mais qui qui appelle simplement la "
|
||
"méthode ou l'attribut (*Si ça a un bec et que ça cancane, c'est un canard*). "
|
||
"En se concentrant sur les interfaces plutôt que les types, du code bien "
|
||
"construit améliore sa flexibilité en autorisant des substitutions "
|
||
"polymorphiques. Un code orienté *duck-typing* évite de vérifier les types "
|
||
"via :func:`type` ou :func:`isinstance`, (notez cependant que le duck-typing "
|
||
"peut travailler de pair avec les :term:`classes de base abstraites <classe "
|
||
"de base abstraite>`.) À la place, le *duck-typing* utilise plutôt :func:"
|
||
"`hasattr` ou la programmation :term:`EAFP`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:211
|
||
msgid "EAFP"
|
||
msgstr "EAFP"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:213
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Easier to ask for forgiveness than permission. This common Python coding "
|
||
"style assumes the existence of valid keys or attributes and catches "
|
||
"exceptions if the assumption proves false. This clean and fast style is "
|
||
"characterized by the presence of many :keyword:`try` and :keyword:`except` "
|
||
"statements. The technique contrasts with the :term:`LBYL` style common to "
|
||
"many other languages such as C."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Il est plus simple de demander pardon que demander la permission (*Easier to "
|
||
"Ask for Forgiveness than Permission*). Ce style de développement Python fait "
|
||
"l'hypothèse que le code est valide, et attrape les exceptions si cette "
|
||
"hypothèse s'avèrait fausse. Ce style, propre et efficace, est caractérisé "
|
||
"par la présence de beaucoup de mot clé :keyword:`try` et :keyword:`except`. "
|
||
"Cette technique de programmation contraste avec le style :term:`LBYL` "
|
||
"présent couramment dans des langages tel que C."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:219
|
||
msgid "expression"
|
||
msgstr "expression"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:221
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A piece of syntax which can be evaluated to some value. In other words, an "
|
||
"expression is an accumulation of expression elements like literals, names, "
|
||
"attribute access, operators or function calls which all return a value. In "
|
||
"contrast to many other languages, not all language constructs are "
|
||
"expressions. There are also :term:`statement`\\s which cannot be used as "
|
||
"expressions, such as :keyword:`print` or :keyword:`if`. Assignments are "
|
||
"also statements, not expressions."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:228
|
||
msgid "extension module"
|
||
msgstr "module d'extension"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:230
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A module written in C or C++, using Python's C API to interact with the core "
|
||
"and with user code."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un module écrit en C ou C++, utilisant l'API C de Python pour interagir avec "
|
||
"Python et le code de l'utilisateur."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:232
|
||
msgid "file object"
|
||
msgstr "objet fichier"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:234
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An object exposing a file-oriented API (with methods such as :meth:`read()` "
|
||
"or :meth:`write()`) to an underlying resource. Depending on the way it was "
|
||
"created, a file object can mediate access to a real on-disk file or to "
|
||
"another type of storage or communication device (for example standard input/"
|
||
"output, in-memory buffers, sockets, pipes, etc.). File objects are also "
|
||
"called :dfn:`file-like objects` or :dfn:`streams`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un objet exposant une ressource via une API orientée fichier (avec les "
|
||
"méthodes :meth:`read()` ou :meth:`write()`). En fonction de la manière dont "
|
||
"ils ont été créés, les objets fichiers peuvent exposer un fichier sur le "
|
||
"disque, ou un autre type de stockage ou de communication (typiquement "
|
||
"l'entrée standard, la sortie standard, un tampon en mémoire, des "
|
||
"sockets, ...). Les objets fichiers sont aussi appelés :dfn:`file-like-"
|
||
"objects` ou :dfn:`streams`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:242
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"There are actually three categories of file objects: raw binary files, "
|
||
"buffered binary files and text files. Their interfaces are defined in the :"
|
||
"mod:`io` module. The canonical way to create a file object is by using the :"
|
||
"func:`open` function."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:246
|
||
msgid "file-like object"
|
||
msgstr "objet fichier-compatible"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:248
|
||
msgid "A synonym for :term:`file object`."
|
||
msgstr "Un synonyme de :term:`objet fichier`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:249
|
||
msgid "finder"
|
||
msgstr "finder"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:251
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An object that tries to find the :term:`loader` for a module. It must "
|
||
"implement a method named :meth:`find_module`. See :pep:`302` for details."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:254
|
||
msgid "floor division"
|
||
msgstr "division entière"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:256
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Mathematical division that rounds down to nearest integer. The floor "
|
||
"division operator is ``//``. For example, the expression ``11 // 4`` "
|
||
"evaluates to ``2`` in contrast to the ``2.75`` returned by float true "
|
||
"division. Note that ``(-11) // 4`` is ``-3`` because that is ``-2.75`` "
|
||
"rounded *downward*. See :pep:`238`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Division mathématique arrondissant à l'entier le plus petit. L'opérateur de "
|
||
"la division entière est ``//``. Par exemple l'expression ``11 // 4`` vaut "
|
||
"``2``, contrairement à ``11 / 4`` qui vaut ``2.75``. Notez que ``(-11) // "
|
||
"4`` vaut ``-3`` car l'arrondi se fait par le bas. Voir la :pep:`328`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:261
|
||
msgid "function"
|
||
msgstr "fonction"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:263
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A series of statements which returns some value to a caller. It can also be "
|
||
"passed zero or more :term:`arguments <argument>` which may be used in the "
|
||
"execution of the body. See also :term:`parameter`, :term:`method`, and the :"
|
||
"ref:`function` section."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Une suite d'instructions qui renvoient une valeur à celui qui l'appelle. On "
|
||
"peut aussi lui passer des :term:`arguments <argument>` qui pourront être "
|
||
"utilisés dans le corps de la fonction. Voir aussi :term:`paramètre`, :term:"
|
||
"`méthode`, et :ref:`function`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:267
|
||
msgid "__future__"
|
||
msgstr "__future__"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:269
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A pseudo-module which programmers can use to enable new language features "
|
||
"which are not compatible with the current interpreter. For example, the "
|
||
"expression ``11/4`` currently evaluates to ``2``. If the module in which it "
|
||
"is executed had enabled *true division* by executing::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:276
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"the expression ``11/4`` would evaluate to ``2.75``. By importing the :mod:"
|
||
"`__future__` module and evaluating its variables, you can see when a new "
|
||
"feature was first added to the language and when it will become the default::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:284
|
||
msgid "garbage collection"
|
||
msgstr "ramasse-miettes"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:286
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The process of freeing memory when it is not used anymore. Python performs "
|
||
"garbage collection via reference counting and a cyclic garbage collector "
|
||
"that is able to detect and break reference cycles."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"(*garbage collection*) Le mécanisme permettant de libérer de la mémoire "
|
||
"lorsqu'elle n'est plus utilisée. Python utilise un ramasse-miettes par "
|
||
"comptage de référence, et un ramasse-miettes cyclique capable de détecter et "
|
||
"casser les références circulaires."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:291
|
||
msgid "generator"
|
||
msgstr "générateur"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:293
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A function which returns an iterator. It looks like a normal function "
|
||
"except that it contains :keyword:`yield` statements for producing a series "
|
||
"of values usable in a for-loop or that can be retrieved one at a time with "
|
||
"the :func:`next` function. Each :keyword:`yield` temporarily suspends "
|
||
"processing, remembering the location execution state (including local "
|
||
"variables and pending try-statements). When the generator resumes, it picks-"
|
||
"up where it left-off (in contrast to functions which start fresh on every "
|
||
"invocation)."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Une fonction qui renvoie un itérateur. Ça ressemble à une fonction normale, "
|
||
"en dehors du fait qu'il contient une ou plusieurs instruction :keyword:"
|
||
"`yield`, produisant une série de valeurs utilisables dans une boucle for, ou "
|
||
"pouvant être récupérées une à une avec la fonction :func:`next`. Chaque "
|
||
"instruction :keyword:`yield` suspend temporairement l'exécution de la "
|
||
"fonction, en se rappelant de la position et de l'état (les variables "
|
||
"locales, et les *try* en cours). Lorsque le générateur reprend, il reprend "
|
||
"là où il en était (contrairement à une fonction classique qui reprendrait du "
|
||
"départ à chaque appel)."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:303
|
||
msgid "generator expression"
|
||
msgstr "expression génératrice"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:305
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An expression that returns an iterator. It looks like a normal expression "
|
||
"followed by a :keyword:`for` expression defining a loop variable, range, and "
|
||
"an optional :keyword:`if` expression. The combined expression generates "
|
||
"values for an enclosing function::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Une expression qui donne un itérateur. Cela ressemble à une expression "
|
||
"normale, suivie d'une expression :keyword:`for` définissant une variable de "
|
||
"boucle, d'un range, et d'une expression, optionnelle, :keyword:`if`. Cette "
|
||
"expression combinée génère des valeurs pour la fonction qui l'entoure : ::"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:312
|
||
msgid "GIL"
|
||
msgstr "GIL"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:314
|
||
msgid "See :term:`global interpreter lock`."
|
||
msgstr "Voir :term:`global interpreter lock`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:315
|
||
msgid "global interpreter lock"
|
||
msgstr "verrou global de l'interpréteur"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:317
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The mechanism used by the :term:`CPython` interpreter to assure that only "
|
||
"one thread executes Python :term:`bytecode` at a time. This simplifies the "
|
||
"CPython implementation by making the object model (including critical built-"
|
||
"in types such as :class:`dict`) implicitly safe against concurrent access. "
|
||
"Locking the entire interpreter makes it easier for the interpreter to be "
|
||
"multi-threaded, at the expense of much of the parallelism afforded by multi-"
|
||
"processor machines."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Le mécanisme utilisé par l'interpréteur :term:`CPython` pour s'assurer qu'un "
|
||
"seul thread n'execute du :term:`bytecode` à la fois. Cela simplifie "
|
||
"l'implémentation de CPython en rendant le modèle objet (incluant des parties "
|
||
"critiques comme la classe native :class:`dict`) implicitement protégé des "
|
||
"accès concourants. Vérouiller l'interpréteur entier le rend plus facile à "
|
||
"rendre multi-thread, en perdant malheureusement la majorité du parallélisme "
|
||
"possible sur les machines ayant plusieurs processeurs."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:326
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"However, some extension modules, either standard or third-party, are "
|
||
"designed so as to release the GIL when doing computationally-intensive tasks "
|
||
"such as compression or hashing. Also, the GIL is always released when doing "
|
||
"I/O."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Cependant, certains modules d'extension, standards ou non, sont construits "
|
||
"de manière à libérer le GIL lorsqu'ils effectuent des tâches lourdes tel que "
|
||
"la compression ou le hachage. Aussi, le GIL est toujours libéré lors des "
|
||
"lectures et écritures."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:331
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Past efforts to create a \"free-threaded\" interpreter (one which locks "
|
||
"shared data at a much finer granularity) have not been successful because "
|
||
"performance suffered in the common single-processor case. It is believed "
|
||
"that overcoming this performance issue would make the implementation much "
|
||
"more complicated and therefore costlier to maintain."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Les tentatives précédentes d'implémenter un interpréteur Python avec une "
|
||
"granularité de verrouillage plus fine ont toutes échouées, à cause de leur "
|
||
"performances sur un seul processeur. Il est admis que corriger c'est "
|
||
"problèmes de performance induits mènerai vers une implémentation compliquée "
|
||
"et donc plus coûteuse à maintenir."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:336
|
||
msgid "hashable"
|
||
msgstr "hachable"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:338
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An object is *hashable* if it has a hash value which never changes during "
|
||
"its lifetime (it needs a :meth:`__hash__` method), and can be compared to "
|
||
"other objects (it needs an :meth:`__eq__` or :meth:`__cmp__` method). "
|
||
"Hashable objects which compare equal must have the same hash value."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:343
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Hashability makes an object usable as a dictionary key and a set member, "
|
||
"because these data structures use the hash value internally."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"La hachabilité permet à un objet d'être utilisé comme clef de dictionnaire, "
|
||
"ou en temps que membre d'un *set*, car ces structures de données utilisent "
|
||
"ce *hash*."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:346
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"All of Python's immutable built-in objects are hashable, while no mutable "
|
||
"containers (such as lists or dictionaries) are. Objects which are instances "
|
||
"of user-defined classes are hashable by default; they all compare unequal "
|
||
"(except with themselves), and their hash value is derived from their :func:"
|
||
"`id`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Tous les types immuables fournis par Python sont hachables, et aucun type "
|
||
"mutable (comme les listes ou les dictionnaires) ne l'est. Toutes les "
|
||
"instances de classes définies par les utilisateurs sont hachables par "
|
||
"défaut, elles sont toutes différentes selon ``__eq__``, sauf comparées à "
|
||
"elles mêmes, et leur empreinte (*hash*) est calculée à partir de leur :func:"
|
||
"`id`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:351
|
||
msgid "IDLE"
|
||
msgstr "IDLE"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:353
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An Integrated Development Environment for Python. IDLE is a basic editor "
|
||
"and interpreter environment which ships with the standard distribution of "
|
||
"Python."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un environnement de développement intégré pour Python. IDLE est un éditeur "
|
||
"et interpréteur basique livré avec la distribution standard de Python."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:356
|
||
msgid "immutable"
|
||
msgstr "immuable"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:358
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An object with a fixed value. Immutable objects include numbers, strings "
|
||
"and tuples. Such an object cannot be altered. A new object has to be "
|
||
"created if a different value has to be stored. They play an important role "
|
||
"in places where a constant hash value is needed, for example as a key in a "
|
||
"dictionary."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un objet dont la valeur ne change pas. Les nombres, les chaînes et les "
|
||
"tuples sont immuables. Ils ne peuvent être modifiés. Un nouvel objet doit "
|
||
"être créé si une valeur différente doit être stockée. Ils jouent un rôle "
|
||
"important aux endroits où une valeur de *hash* constante est requise, "
|
||
"typiquement en clef de dictionnaire."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:363
|
||
msgid "integer division"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:365
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Mathematical division discarding any remainder. For example, the expression "
|
||
"``11/4`` currently evaluates to ``2`` in contrast to the ``2.75`` returned "
|
||
"by float division. Also called *floor division*. When dividing two integers "
|
||
"the outcome will always be another integer (having the floor function "
|
||
"applied to it). However, if one of the operands is another numeric type "
|
||
"(such as a :class:`float`), the result will be coerced (see :term:"
|
||
"`coercion`) to a common type. For example, an integer divided by a float "
|
||
"will result in a float value, possibly with a decimal fraction. Integer "
|
||
"division can be forced by using the ``//`` operator instead of the ``/`` "
|
||
"operator. See also :term:`__future__`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:375
|
||
msgid "importing"
|
||
msgstr "importer"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:377
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The process by which Python code in one module is made available to Python "
|
||
"code in another module."
|
||
msgstr "Le processus rendant le code d'un module disponible dans un autre."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:379
|
||
msgid "importer"
|
||
msgstr "importateur"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:381
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An object that both finds and loads a module; both a :term:`finder` and :"
|
||
"term:`loader` object."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un objet qui trouve et charge un module, en même temps un :term:`finder` et "
|
||
"un :term:`loader`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:383
|
||
msgid "interactive"
|
||
msgstr "interactif"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:385
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Python has an interactive interpreter which means you can enter statements "
|
||
"and expressions at the interpreter prompt, immediately execute them and see "
|
||
"their results. Just launch ``python`` with no arguments (possibly by "
|
||
"selecting it from your computer's main menu). It is a very powerful way to "
|
||
"test out new ideas or inspect modules and packages (remember ``help(x)``)."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Python a un interpréteur interactif, ce qui signifie que vous pouvez écrire "
|
||
"des expressions et instructions à l'invite de l'interpréteur, qui va les "
|
||
"exécuter immédiatement, et vous en présenter le résultat. Démarrez juste "
|
||
"``python`` (probablement depuis un menu de votre ordinateur). C'est un moyen "
|
||
"puissant pour tester de nouvelles idées ou étudier de nouveaux modules "
|
||
"(souvenez vous de ``help(x)``)."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:391
|
||
msgid "interpreted"
|
||
msgstr "interprété"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:393
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Python is an interpreted language, as opposed to a compiled one, though the "
|
||
"distinction can be blurry because of the presence of the bytecode compiler. "
|
||
"This means that source files can be run directly without explicitly creating "
|
||
"an executable which is then run. Interpreted languages typically have a "
|
||
"shorter development/debug cycle than compiled ones, though their programs "
|
||
"generally also run more slowly. See also :term:`interactive`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Python est un langage interprété, en opposition aux langages compilés, bien "
|
||
"que la frontière soit floue du à la présence d'un compilateur en bytecode. "
|
||
"Cela signifie que les fichiers sources peuvent être exécutés directement, "
|
||
"sans avoir à compiler un fichier exécutable intermédiaire. Les langages "
|
||
"interprétées ont généralement un cycle de développement / débug plus rapide, "
|
||
"et ils s'exécutent généralement plus lentement. Voir aussi :term:"
|
||
"`interactif`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:400
|
||
msgid "iterable"
|
||
msgstr "itérable"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:402
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An object capable of returning its members one at a time. Examples of "
|
||
"iterables include all sequence types (such as :class:`list`, :class:`str`, "
|
||
"and :class:`tuple`) and some non-sequence types like :class:`dict` and :"
|
||
"class:`file` and objects of any classes you define with an :meth:`__iter__` "
|
||
"or :meth:`__getitem__` method. Iterables can be used in a :keyword:`for` "
|
||
"loop and in many other places where a sequence is needed (:func:`zip`, :func:"
|
||
"`map`, ...). When an iterable object is passed as an argument to the built-"
|
||
"in function :func:`iter`, it returns an iterator for the object. This "
|
||
"iterator is good for one pass over the set of values. When using iterables, "
|
||
"it is usually not necessary to call :func:`iter` or deal with iterator "
|
||
"objects yourself. The ``for`` statement does that automatically for you, "
|
||
"creating a temporary unnamed variable to hold the iterator for the duration "
|
||
"of the loop. See also :term:`iterator`, :term:`sequence`, and :term:"
|
||
"`generator`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:416
|
||
msgid "iterator"
|
||
msgstr "itérateur"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:418
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An object representing a stream of data. Repeated calls to the iterator's :"
|
||
"meth:`~generator.next` method return successive items in the stream. When "
|
||
"no more data are available a :exc:`StopIteration` exception is raised "
|
||
"instead. At this point, the iterator object is exhausted and any further "
|
||
"calls to its :meth:`~generator.next` method just raise :exc:`StopIteration` "
|
||
"again. Iterators are required to have an :meth:`__iter__` method that "
|
||
"returns the iterator object itself so every iterator is also iterable and "
|
||
"may be used in most places where other iterables are accepted. One notable "
|
||
"exception is code which attempts multiple iteration passes. A container "
|
||
"object (such as a :class:`list`) produces a fresh new iterator each time you "
|
||
"pass it to the :func:`iter` function or use it in a :keyword:`for` loop. "
|
||
"Attempting this with an iterator will just return the same exhausted "
|
||
"iterator object used in the previous iteration pass, making it appear like "
|
||
"an empty container."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:432
|
||
msgid "More information can be found in :ref:`typeiter`."
|
||
msgstr "Plus d'informations ici : :ref:`typeiter`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:433
|
||
msgid "key function"
|
||
msgstr "fonction clef"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:435
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A key function or collation function is a callable that returns a value used "
|
||
"for sorting or ordering. For example, :func:`locale.strxfrm` is used to "
|
||
"produce a sort key that is aware of locale specific sort conventions."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Une fonction clef, est un objet appelable qui renvoie une valeur utilisée "
|
||
"pour trier ou organiser. Par exemple la fonction :func:`local.strxfrm` sert "
|
||
"à produire une fonction clef de tri prennant en compte les conventions de "
|
||
"tri spécifiques aux paramètres régionaux courants."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:440
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A number of tools in Python accept key functions to control how elements are "
|
||
"ordered or grouped. They include :func:`min`, :func:`max`, :func:`sorted`, :"
|
||
"meth:`list.sort`, :func:`heapq.nsmallest`, :func:`heapq.nlargest`, and :func:"
|
||
"`itertools.groupby`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Plusieurs outils dans Python acceptent des fonctions clef pour maîtriser "
|
||
"comment les éléments dont triés ou groupés. Typiquement les fonctions :func:"
|
||
"`min`, :func:`max`, :func:`sorted`, :meth:`list.sort`, :func:`heapq."
|
||
"nsmallest`, :func:`heapq.nlargest`, et :func:`itertools.groupby`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:445
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"There are several ways to create a key function. For example. the :meth:"
|
||
"`str.lower` method can serve as a key function for case insensitive sorts. "
|
||
"Alternatively, an ad-hoc key function can be built from a :keyword:`lambda` "
|
||
"expression such as ``lambda r: (r[0], r[2])``. Also, the :mod:`operator` "
|
||
"module provides three key function constructors: :func:`~operator."
|
||
"attrgetter`, :func:`~operator.itemgetter`, and :func:`~operator."
|
||
"methodcaller`. See the :ref:`Sorting HOW TO <sortinghowto>` for examples of "
|
||
"how to create and use key functions."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"La méthode :meth:`str.lower` peut servir en fonction clef pour effectuer des "
|
||
"recherches insensibles à la casse. Aussi, il est possible de créer des "
|
||
"fonctions clef au besoin avec des expressions :keyword:`lambda`, comme "
|
||
"``lambda r: (r[0], r[2])``. Finalement le module :mod:`operator` fournit des "
|
||
"constructeurs de fonctions clef : :func:`~operator.attrgetter`, :func:"
|
||
"`~operator.itemgetter`, et :func:`~operator.methodcaller`. Voir :ref:"
|
||
"`Comment Trier <sortinghowto>` pour avoir des exemple de création et "
|
||
"d'utilisation de fonctions clés."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:453
|
||
msgid "keyword argument"
|
||
msgstr "argument nommé"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:455 ../Doc/glossary.rst:629
|
||
msgid "See :term:`argument`."
|
||
msgstr "Voir :term:`argument`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:456
|
||
msgid "lambda"
|
||
msgstr "lambda"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:458
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An anonymous inline function consisting of a single :term:`expression` which "
|
||
"is evaluated when the function is called. The syntax to create a lambda "
|
||
"function is ``lambda [arguments]: expression``"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Une fonction anonyme sous forme d'une :term:`expression`, et ne contenant "
|
||
"qu'une expression, exécutée lorsqu'elle est appelée. La syntaxe pour créer "
|
||
"des fonctions lambda est: ``lambda [arguments]: expression``"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:461
|
||
msgid "LBYL"
|
||
msgstr "LBYL"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:463
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Look before you leap. This coding style explicitly tests for pre-conditions "
|
||
"before making calls or lookups. This style contrasts with the :term:`EAFP` "
|
||
"approach and is characterized by the presence of many :keyword:`if` "
|
||
"statements."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Regarde devant avant de tomber, (*Look before you leap*). Ce style de "
|
||
"programmation consiste à vérifier des conditions avant d'effectuer des "
|
||
"appels ou des accès. Ce style contraste avec le style :term:`EAFP` et se "
|
||
"caractérise par la présence de beaucoup d'instructions :keyword:`if`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:468
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"In a multi-threaded environment, the LBYL approach can risk introducing a "
|
||
"race condition between \"the looking\" and \"the leaping\". For example, "
|
||
"the code, ``if key in mapping: return mapping[key]`` can fail if another "
|
||
"thread removes *key* from *mapping* after the test, but before the lookup. "
|
||
"This issue can be solved with locks or by using the EAFP approach."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Dans un environnement multi-thread, le style *LBYL* peut engendrer une "
|
||
"séquence critique (*race condition*) entre \"regarder\" et \"tomber\". Par "
|
||
"exemple, le code ``if key in mapping: return mapping[key]`` peut échouer si "
|
||
"un autre thread supprime la clef *key* du *mapping* après le test mais avant "
|
||
"l'accès. Ce problème peut être résolu avec des verrous (*locks*) ou avec "
|
||
"l'approche EAFP."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:473
|
||
msgid "list"
|
||
msgstr "list"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:475
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A built-in Python :term:`sequence`. Despite its name it is more akin to an "
|
||
"array in other languages than to a linked list since access to elements are "
|
||
"O(1)."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un type natif de :term:`sequence` dans Python. En dépit de son nom, une "
|
||
"``list`` ressemble plus à un *array* qu'à une liste chaînée puisque les "
|
||
"accès se font en O(1)."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:478
|
||
msgid "list comprehension"
|
||
msgstr "liste en compréhension"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:480
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A compact way to process all or part of the elements in a sequence and "
|
||
"return a list with the results. ``result = [\"0x%02x\" % x for x in "
|
||
"range(256) if x % 2 == 0]`` generates a list of strings containing even hex "
|
||
"numbers (0x..) in the range from 0 to 255. The :keyword:`if` clause is "
|
||
"optional. If omitted, all elements in ``range(256)`` are processed."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:486
|
||
msgid "loader"
|
||
msgstr "loader"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:488
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An object that loads a module. It must define a method named :meth:"
|
||
"`load_module`. A loader is typically returned by a :term:`finder`. See :pep:"
|
||
"`302` for details."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:491
|
||
msgid "mapping"
|
||
msgstr "mapping"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:493
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A container object that supports arbitrary key lookups and implements the "
|
||
"methods specified in the :class:`~collections.Mapping` or :class:"
|
||
"`~collections.MutableMapping` :ref:`abstract base classes <collections-"
|
||
"abstract-base-classes>`. Examples include :class:`dict`, :class:"
|
||
"`collections.defaultdict`, :class:`collections.OrderedDict` and :class:"
|
||
"`collections.Counter`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un conteneur permettant d'accéder à des éléments par clef et implémente les "
|
||
"méthodes spécifiées dans :class:`~collections.Mapping` ou :class:"
|
||
"`~collections.MutableMapping :ref:`classes de base abstraites <collections-"
|
||
"abstract-base-classes>`. Les classes suivantes sont des exemples de "
|
||
"mapping: :class:`dict`, :class:`collections.defaultdict`, :class:"
|
||
"`collections.OrderedDict`, et :class:`collections.Counter`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:499
|
||
msgid "metaclass"
|
||
msgstr "metaclasse"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:501
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The class of a class. Class definitions create a class name, a class "
|
||
"dictionary, and a list of base classes. The metaclass is responsible for "
|
||
"taking those three arguments and creating the class. Most object oriented "
|
||
"programming languages provide a default implementation. What makes Python "
|
||
"special is that it is possible to create custom metaclasses. Most users "
|
||
"never need this tool, but when the need arises, metaclasses can provide "
|
||
"powerful, elegant solutions. They have been used for logging attribute "
|
||
"access, adding thread-safety, tracking object creation, implementing "
|
||
"singletons, and many other tasks."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"La classe d'une classe. Les définitions de classe créent un nom pour la "
|
||
"classe, un dictionnaire et une liste de classes patentes. La métaclasse a "
|
||
"pour rôle de réunir ces trois paramètres pour construire la classe. La "
|
||
"plupart des langages orientés objet fournissent une implémentation par "
|
||
"défaut. Ce qui rend Python spécial, c'est de proposer de créer des "
|
||
"métaclasses personnalisées. La plupart des utilisateurs n'ont pas besoin de "
|
||
"cet outil, mais lorsque le besoin survient, les métaclasses sont souvent des "
|
||
"solutions élégantes, puissantes, et utiles. Elles ont été utilisées pour "
|
||
"journaliser les accès à des propriétés, rendre un objet sûr pour une "
|
||
"utilisation en environnement multi-thread, suivre la création d'objets, "
|
||
"implémenter des singleton, et bien d'autres tâches."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:511
|
||
msgid "More information can be found in :ref:`metaclasses`."
|
||
msgstr "Plus d'informations à ce sujet : :ref:`metaclasses`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:512
|
||
msgid "method"
|
||
msgstr "méthode"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:514
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A function which is defined inside a class body. If called as an attribute "
|
||
"of an instance of that class, the method will get the instance object as its "
|
||
"first :term:`argument` (which is usually called ``self``). See :term:"
|
||
"`function` and :term:`nested scope`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Une fonction définie dans une classe. Lorsqu'elle est appelée comme un "
|
||
"attribut d'une instance, la méthode reçoit l'instance en premier :term:"
|
||
"`argument` (qui par convention est nommé ``self``). Voir :term:`function` "
|
||
"et :term:`nested scope`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:518
|
||
msgid "method resolution order"
|
||
msgstr "ordre de résolution des méthodes"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:520
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Method Resolution Order is the order in which base classes are searched for "
|
||
"a member during lookup. See `The Python 2.3 Method Resolution Order <https://"
|
||
"www.python.org/download/releases/2.3/mro/>`_ for details of the algorithm "
|
||
"used by the Python interpreter since the 2.3 release."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"L'ordre de résolution des méthodes (*MRO* de *Method Resolution Order*) est "
|
||
"l'ordre par lequel les membres sont recherchées dans les classes parentes. "
|
||
"Voir `The Python 2.3 Method Resolution Order <https://www.python.org/"
|
||
"download/releases/2.3/mro/>`_ pour plus de détails sur l'algorithme utilisé "
|
||
"par l'interpréteur Python depuis la version 2.3."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:524
|
||
msgid "module"
|
||
msgstr "module"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:526
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An object that serves as an organizational unit of Python code. Modules "
|
||
"have a namespace containing arbitrary Python objects. Modules are loaded "
|
||
"into Python by the process of :term:`importing`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"L'unité élémentaire de l'organisation du code en Python. Les modules ont un "
|
||
"espace de noms pouvant contenir n'importe quel objet Python. Charger des "
|
||
"modules est appelé :term:`importer`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:530
|
||
msgid "See also :term:`package`."
|
||
msgstr "Voir aussi :term:`paquet`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:531
|
||
msgid "MRO"
|
||
msgstr "MRO"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:533
|
||
msgid "See :term:`method resolution order`."
|
||
msgstr "Voir :term:`ordre de résolution des méthodes`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:534
|
||
msgid "mutable"
|
||
msgstr "mutable"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:536
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Mutable objects can change their value but keep their :func:`id`. See also :"
|
||
"term:`immutable`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un objet mutable peut changer de valeur tout en gardant le même :func:`id`. "
|
||
"Voir aussi :term:`immuable`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:538
|
||
msgid "named tuple"
|
||
msgstr "named tuple"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:540
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Any tuple-like class whose indexable elements are also accessible using "
|
||
"named attributes (for example, :func:`time.localtime` returns a tuple-like "
|
||
"object where the *year* is accessible either with an index such as ``t[0]`` "
|
||
"or with a named attribute like ``t.tm_year``)."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Une classe qui, comme *tuple* a ses éléments accessibles par leur indice, "
|
||
"mais en plus accessibles par leur nom (par exemple, :func:`time.localtime` "
|
||
"donne un objet ressemblant à un *tuple*, dont *year* est accessible par son "
|
||
"indice : ``t[0]`` ou par son nom : ``t.tm_year``)."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:545
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A named tuple can be a built-in type such as :class:`time.struct_time`, or "
|
||
"it can be created with a regular class definition. A full featured named "
|
||
"tuple can also be created with the factory function :func:`collections."
|
||
"namedtuple`. The latter approach automatically provides extra features such "
|
||
"as a self-documenting representation like ``Employee(name='jones', "
|
||
"title='programmer')``."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un *named tuple* peut être un type natif tel que :class:`time.struct_time` "
|
||
"ou il peut être construit comme une simple classe. Un *named tuple* complet "
|
||
"peut aussi être créé via la fonction :func:`collections.namedtuple`. Cette "
|
||
"dernière approche fournit automatiquement des fonctionnalités "
|
||
"supplémentaires, tel qu'une représentation lisible comme "
|
||
"``Employee(name='jones', title='programmer')``."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:551
|
||
msgid "namespace"
|
||
msgstr "espace de nom"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:553
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The place where a variable is stored. Namespaces are implemented as "
|
||
"dictionaries. There are the local, global and built-in namespaces as well "
|
||
"as nested namespaces in objects (in methods). Namespaces support modularity "
|
||
"by preventing naming conflicts. For instance, the functions :func:"
|
||
"`__builtin__.open` and :func:`os.open` are distinguished by their "
|
||
"namespaces. Namespaces also aid readability and maintainability by making "
|
||
"it clear which module implements a function. For instance, writing :func:"
|
||
"`random.seed` or :func:`itertools.izip` makes it clear that those functions "
|
||
"are implemented by the :mod:`random` and :mod:`itertools` modules, "
|
||
"respectively."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:563
|
||
msgid "nested scope"
|
||
msgstr "portée imbriquée"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:565
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The ability to refer to a variable in an enclosing definition. For "
|
||
"instance, a function defined inside another function can refer to variables "
|
||
"in the outer function. Note that nested scopes work only for reference and "
|
||
"not for assignment which will always write to the innermost scope. In "
|
||
"contrast, local variables both read and write in the innermost scope. "
|
||
"Likewise, global variables read and write to the global namespace."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:571
|
||
msgid "new-style class"
|
||
msgstr "nouvelle classe"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:573
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Any class which inherits from :class:`object`. This includes all built-in "
|
||
"types like :class:`list` and :class:`dict`. Only new-style classes can use "
|
||
"Python's newer, versatile features like :attr:`~object.__slots__`, "
|
||
"descriptors, properties, and :meth:`__getattribute__`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:578
|
||
msgid "More information can be found in :ref:`newstyle`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:579
|
||
msgid "object"
|
||
msgstr "objet"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:581
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Any data with state (attributes or value) and defined behavior (methods). "
|
||
"Also the ultimate base class of any :term:`new-style class`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"N'importe quelle donnée comportant des états sous forme d'attributs ou de "
|
||
"valeurs, et un comportement (des méthodes). C'est aussi (``object``) "
|
||
"l'ancêtre commun à absolument toutes les :term:`nouvelles classes <new-style "
|
||
"class>`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:584
|
||
msgid "package"
|
||
msgstr "paquet"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:586
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A Python :term:`module` which can contain submodules or recursively, "
|
||
"subpackages. Technically, a package is a Python module with an ``__path__`` "
|
||
"attribute."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un :term:`module` qui peut contenir des sous modules ou des sous paquets. "
|
||
"Techniquement, un paquet est un module qui a un attribut ``__path__``."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:589
|
||
msgid "parameter"
|
||
msgstr "paramètre"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:591
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A named entity in a :term:`function` (or method) definition that specifies "
|
||
"an :term:`argument` (or in some cases, arguments) that the function can "
|
||
"accept. There are four types of parameters:"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:595
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":dfn:`positional-or-keyword`: specifies an argument that can be passed "
|
||
"either :term:`positionally <argument>` or as a :term:`keyword argument "
|
||
"<argument>`. This is the default kind of parameter, for example *foo* and "
|
||
"*bar* in the following::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
":dfn:`positional-or-keyword`: dit d'un argument qui peut être passé soit par "
|
||
"sa :term:`position <argument>` soit en temps que :term:`paramètre nommé "
|
||
"<argument>`. C'est le type de paramètre par défaut, par exemple, *foo* et "
|
||
"*bar* dans l'exemple suivant : ::"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:602
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":dfn:`positional-only`: specifies an argument that can be supplied only by "
|
||
"position. Python has no syntax for defining positional-only parameters. "
|
||
"However, some built-in functions have positional-only parameters (e.g. :func:"
|
||
"`abs`)."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
":dfn:`positional-only`: un argument qui ne peut être donné que par sa "
|
||
"position. Python n'a pas de syntaxe pour déclarer de tels paramètre, "
|
||
"cependant des fonctions natives, comme :func:`abs` en utilisent."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:607
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":dfn:`var-positional`: specifies that an arbitrary sequence of positional "
|
||
"arguments can be provided (in addition to any positional arguments already "
|
||
"accepted by other parameters). Such a parameter can be defined by "
|
||
"prepending the parameter name with ``*``, for example *args* in the "
|
||
"following::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
":dfn:`var-positional`: spécifie qu'une séquence d'arguments positionels peut "
|
||
"être fourni (en plus de tous les arguments positionels déjà acceptés par "
|
||
"d'autres paramètres). Un tel paramètre peut être définit en préfixant son "
|
||
"nom par une ``*``, par exemple *args* ici : ::"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:615
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":dfn:`var-keyword`: specifies that arbitrarily many keyword arguments can be "
|
||
"provided (in addition to any keyword arguments already accepted by other "
|
||
"parameters). Such a parameter can be defined by prepending the parameter "
|
||
"name with ``**``, for example *kwargs* in the example above."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
":dfn:`var-keyword`: spécifie qu'une quantité arbitraire d'arguments peuvent "
|
||
"être passés par nom (en plus de tous les arguments nommés déjà acceptés par "
|
||
"d'autres paramètres). Un tel paramètre est définit en préfixant le nom du "
|
||
"paramètre par ``**``, par exemple, *kwargs* ci-dessus."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:621
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Parameters can specify both optional and required arguments, as well as "
|
||
"default values for some optional arguments."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Les paramètres peuvent décrire aussi bien des paramètres optionnels ou "
|
||
"obligatoires, aussi que des valeurs par défaut pour les paramètres "
|
||
"optionnels."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:624
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"See also the :term:`argument` glossary entry, the FAQ question on :ref:`the "
|
||
"difference between arguments and parameters <faq-argument-vs-parameter>`, "
|
||
"and the :ref:`function` section."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:627
|
||
msgid "positional argument"
|
||
msgstr "augment positionnel"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:630
|
||
msgid "Python 3000"
|
||
msgstr "Python 3000"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:632
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Nickname for the Python 3.x release line (coined long ago when the release "
|
||
"of version 3 was something in the distant future.) This is also abbreviated "
|
||
"\"Py3k\"."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Surnom de la série des Python 3.x (très vieux surnom donné à l'époque pour "
|
||
"Python 3 n'était qu'un futur lointain). Aussi abrégé \"Py3k\"."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:635
|
||
msgid "Pythonic"
|
||
msgstr "Pythonique"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:637
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An idea or piece of code which closely follows the most common idioms of the "
|
||
"Python language, rather than implementing code using concepts common to "
|
||
"other languages. For example, a common idiom in Python is to loop over all "
|
||
"elements of an iterable using a :keyword:`for` statement. Many other "
|
||
"languages don't have this type of construct, so people unfamiliar with "
|
||
"Python sometimes use a numerical counter instead::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Une idée, ou un bout de code, qui suit de près la philosophie de Python, "
|
||
"parfois en opposition avec les concepts rencontrés dans d'autres langages. "
|
||
"Typiquement, la coutume en Python est de parcourir les éléments d'un "
|
||
"itérable en utilisant :keyword:`for`. Beaucoup de langages n'ont pas cette "
|
||
"possibilité, donc les gens qui ne sont pas habitués à Python pourraient "
|
||
"parfois utiliser un compteur à la place : ::"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:647
|
||
msgid "As opposed to the cleaner, Pythonic method::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Plutôt qu'utiliser la méthode, plus propre et élégante, donc Pythonique : ::"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:651
|
||
msgid "reference count"
|
||
msgstr "nombre de références"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:653
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The number of references to an object. When the reference count of an "
|
||
"object drops to zero, it is deallocated. Reference counting is generally "
|
||
"not visible to Python code, but it is a key element of the :term:`CPython` "
|
||
"implementation. The :mod:`sys` module defines a :func:`~sys.getrefcount` "
|
||
"function that programmers can call to return the reference count for a "
|
||
"particular object."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Le nombre de références à un objet. Lorsque le nombre de références à un "
|
||
"objet descend à zéro, l'objet est désalloué. Le comptage de référence n'est "
|
||
"généralement pas visible dans le code Python, mais c'est un élément clef de "
|
||
"l'implémentation :term:`CPython`. Le module :mod:`sys` défini une fonction :"
|
||
"func:`~sys.getrefcount` que les développeurs peuvent utiliser pour obtenir "
|
||
"le nombre de référence d'un objet donné."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:659
|
||
msgid "__slots__"
|
||
msgstr "__slots__"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:661
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A declaration inside a :term:`new-style class` that saves memory by pre-"
|
||
"declaring space for instance attributes and eliminating instance "
|
||
"dictionaries. Though popular, the technique is somewhat tricky to get right "
|
||
"and is best reserved for rare cases where there are large numbers of "
|
||
"instances in a memory-critical application."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:666
|
||
msgid "sequence"
|
||
msgstr "séquence"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:668
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An :term:`iterable` which supports efficient element access using integer "
|
||
"indices via the :meth:`__getitem__` special method and defines a :meth:`len` "
|
||
"method that returns the length of the sequence. Some built-in sequence types "
|
||
"are :class:`list`, :class:`str`, :class:`tuple`, and :class:`unicode`. Note "
|
||
"that :class:`dict` also supports :meth:`__getitem__` and :meth:`__len__`, "
|
||
"but is considered a mapping rather than a sequence because the lookups use "
|
||
"arbitrary :term:`immutable` keys rather than integers."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:676
|
||
msgid "slice"
|
||
msgstr "tranche"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:678
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"An object usually containing a portion of a :term:`sequence`. A slice is "
|
||
"created using the subscript notation, ``[]`` with colons between numbers "
|
||
"when several are given, such as in ``variable_name[1:3:5]``. The bracket "
|
||
"(subscript) notation uses :class:`slice` objects internally (or in older "
|
||
"versions, :meth:`__getslice__` and :meth:`__setslice__`)."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:683
|
||
msgid "special method"
|
||
msgstr "méthode spéciale"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:685
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A method that is called implicitly by Python to execute a certain operation "
|
||
"on a type, such as addition. Such methods have names starting and ending "
|
||
"with double underscores. Special methods are documented in :ref:"
|
||
"`specialnames`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"*special method*: Une méthode appelée implicitement par Python pour exécuter "
|
||
"une opération sur un type, tel qu'une addition. De telles méthodes ont des "
|
||
"noms commençant et terminant par des doubles tirets bas. Les méthodes "
|
||
"spéciales sont documentées dans :ref:`specialnames`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:689
|
||
msgid "statement"
|
||
msgstr "instruction"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:691
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A statement is part of a suite (a \"block\" of code). A statement is either "
|
||
"an :term:`expression` or one of several constructs with a keyword, such as :"
|
||
"keyword:`if`, :keyword:`while` or :keyword:`for`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Une instruction (*statement*) fait partie d'une suite, (un \"bloc\" de "
|
||
"code). Une instruction est soit une :term:`expression` soit une ou plusieurs "
|
||
"constructions basées sur un mot-clef, tel qu'un :keyword:`if`, :keyword:"
|
||
"`while`, ou :keyword:`for`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:694
|
||
msgid "struct sequence"
|
||
msgstr "struct sequence"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:696
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A tuple with named elements. Struct sequences expose an interface similiar "
|
||
"to :term:`named tuple` in that elements can either be accessed either by "
|
||
"index or as an attribute. However, they do not have any of the named tuple "
|
||
"methods like :meth:`~collections.somenamedtuple._make` or :meth:"
|
||
"`~collections.somenamedtuple._asdict`. Examples of struct sequences include :"
|
||
"data:`sys.float_info` and the return value of :func:`os.stat`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:702
|
||
msgid "triple-quoted string"
|
||
msgstr "chaîne entre triple guillemets"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:704
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A string which is bound by three instances of either a quotation mark (\") "
|
||
"or an apostrophe ('). While they don't provide any functionality not "
|
||
"available with single-quoted strings, they are useful for a number of "
|
||
"reasons. They allow you to include unescaped single and double quotes "
|
||
"within a string and they can span multiple lines without the use of the "
|
||
"continuation character, making them especially useful when writing "
|
||
"docstrings."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Une chaîne qui est assembée par trois guillemets simples (``'``) ou trois "
|
||
"guillemets doubles (``\"``). Bien qu'elles ne fournissent aucune "
|
||
"fonctionalité qui ne serait pas disponnible avec les chaînes entre "
|
||
"guillemets, elles sont utiles pour moultes raisons. Elles vous autorisent à "
|
||
"insérer des guillemets simples et doubles dans une chaîne sans avoir à les "
|
||
"protéger, et elles peuvent s'étendre sur plusieurs lignes sans avoir à les "
|
||
"terminer par un ``\\``, les rendant ainsi particulièrement utile pour les "
|
||
"chaînes de documentation (*docstrings*)."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:711
|
||
msgid "type"
|
||
msgstr "type"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:713
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The type of a Python object determines what kind of object it is; every "
|
||
"object has a type. An object's type is accessible as its :attr:`~instance."
|
||
"__class__` attribute or can be retrieved with ``type(obj)``."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Le type d'un objet Python détermine quel genre d'objet c'est. Tous les "
|
||
"objets ont un type. Le type d'un objet peut être obtenu via son attribut :"
|
||
"attr:`~instance.__class__` ou via ``type(obj)``."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:717
|
||
msgid "universal newlines"
|
||
msgstr "retours à la ligne universels"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:719
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A manner of interpreting text streams in which all of the following are "
|
||
"recognized as ending a line: the Unix end-of-line convention ``'\\n'``, the "
|
||
"Windows convention ``'\\r\\n'``, and the old Macintosh convention "
|
||
"``'\\r'``. See :pep:`278` and :pep:`3116`, as well as :func:`str."
|
||
"splitlines` for an additional use."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:724
|
||
msgid "virtual environment"
|
||
msgstr "environnement virtuel"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:726
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A cooperatively isolated runtime environment that allows Python users and "
|
||
"applications to install and upgrade Python distribution packages without "
|
||
"interfering with the behaviour of other Python applications running on the "
|
||
"same system."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un environnement isolé, coopérant à son isolement à l'execution, qui permet "
|
||
"aux utilisateurs de Python et aux applications d'installer et de mettre à "
|
||
"jour des paquets sans interférer avec d'autres applications Python "
|
||
"fonctionnant sur le même système."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:730
|
||
msgid "virtual machine"
|
||
msgstr "machine virtuelle"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:732
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A computer defined entirely in software. Python's virtual machine executes "
|
||
"the :term:`bytecode` emitted by the bytecode compiler."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Un ordinateur défini entièrement par du logiciel. La machine virtuelle "
|
||
"(*virtual machine*) de Python exécute le :term:`bytecode` donné par le "
|
||
"compilateur de *bytecode*."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:734
|
||
msgid "Zen of Python"
|
||
msgstr "Le Zen de Python"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:736
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Listing of Python design principles and philosophies that are helpful in "
|
||
"understanding and using the language. The listing can be found by typing "
|
||
"\"``import this``\" at the interactive prompt."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Liste de principes et de philosophies utiles pour comprendre et utiliser le "
|
||
"langage. Cette liste peut être obtenue en tapant \"``import this``\" dans "
|
||
"une invite Python interactive."
|