forked from AFPy/python-docs-fr
563 lines
21 KiB
Plaintext
563 lines
21 KiB
Plaintext
# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
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# Copyright (C) 2001-2016, Python Software Foundation
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# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
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# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
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#
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.6\n"
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"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:40+0100\n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-01-20 01:59+0100\n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
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"Last-Translator: \n"
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"Language-Team: \n"
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"Language: fr\n"
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"X-Generator: Poedit 1.8.11\n"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:3
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msgid "Argparse Tutorial"
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msgstr "Tutoriel Argparse"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:5
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msgid "Tshepang Lekhonkhobe"
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msgstr "Tshepang Lekhonkhobe"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:9
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msgid ""
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"This tutorial is intended to be a gentle introduction to :mod:`argparse`, the "
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"recommended command-line parsing module in the Python standard library."
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msgstr ""
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"Ce tutoriel est destiné à être une introduction en douceur à :mod:`argparse`, "
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"le module d'analyse de ligne de commande recommandé dans la bibliothèque "
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"standard de Python."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:14
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msgid ""
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"There are two other modules that fulfill the same task, namely :mod:`getopt` "
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"(an equivalent for :c:func:`getopt` from the C language) and the deprecated :"
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"mod:`optparse`. Note also that :mod:`argparse` is based on :mod:`optparse`, "
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"and therefore very similar in terms of usage."
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msgstr ""
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"Il y a deux autres modules qui remplissent le même rôle : :mod:`getopt` (un "
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"équivalent de :c:func:`getopt` du langage C) et mod:`optparse` qui est "
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"obsolète. Il faut noter que :mod:`argparse` est basé sur :mod:`optparse` et "
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"donc s'utilise de manière très similaire."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:22
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msgid "Concepts"
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msgstr "Concepts"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:24
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msgid ""
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"Let's show the sort of functionality that we are going to explore in this "
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"introductory tutorial by making use of the :command:`ls` command:"
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msgstr ""
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"Commençons par l'utilisation de la commande :command:`ls` pour voir le type de "
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"fonctionnalité que nous allons étudier dans ce tutoriel d'introduction :"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:46
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msgid "A few concepts we can learn from the four commands:"
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msgstr "Quelques concepts que l'on peut apprendre avec les quatre commandes :"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:48
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msgid ""
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"The :command:`ls` command is useful when run without any options at all. It "
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"defaults to displaying the contents of the current directory."
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msgstr ""
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"La commande :command:`ls` est utile quand elle est exécutée sans aucune "
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"option. Par défaut cela affiche le contenu du dossier courant."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:51
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msgid ""
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"If we want beyond what it provides by default, we tell it a bit more. In this "
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"case, we want it to display a different directory, ``pypy``. What we did is "
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"specify what is known as a positional argument. It's named so because the "
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"program should know what to do with the value, solely based on where it "
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"appears on the command line. This concept is more relevant to a command like :"
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"command:`cp`, whose most basic usage is ``cp SRC DEST``. The first position is "
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"*what you want copied,* and the second position is *where you want it copied "
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"to*."
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msgstr ""
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"Si l'on veut plus que ce qui est proposé par défaut, il faut l'indiquer. Dans "
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"le cas présent, on veut afficher un dossier différent : ``pypy``. Ce que l'on "
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"a fait c'est spécifier un argument positionnel. C'est appelé ainsi car cela "
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"permet au programme de savoir quoi faire avec la valeur seulement en se basant "
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"sur sa position dans la ligne de commande. Ce concept est plus pertinent pour "
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"une commande comme :command:`cp` dont l'usage de base est ``cp SRC DEST``. Le "
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"premier argument est *ce que vous voulez copier* et le second est *où vous "
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"voulez le copier*."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:60
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msgid ""
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"Now, say we want to change behaviour of the program. In our example, we "
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"display more info for each file instead of just showing the file names. The ``-"
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"l`` in that case is known as an optional argument."
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msgstr ""
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"Maintenant, supposons que l'on veut changer la façon dont le programme agit. "
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"Dans notre exemple, on affiche plus d'information pour chaque ficher que "
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"simplement leur nom. Dans ce cas, ``-l`` est un argument optionnel."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:64
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msgid ""
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"That's a snippet of the help text. It's very useful in that you can come "
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"across a program you have never used before, and can figure out how it works "
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"simply by reading its help text."
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msgstr ""
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"C'est un fragment du texte d'aide. Cela peut être très utile quand on tombe "
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"sur un programme que l'on à jamais utilisé auparavant car on peut comprendre "
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"sont fonctionnement simplement en lisant l'aide associée."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:70
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msgid "The basics"
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msgstr "Les bases"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:72
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msgid "Let us start with a very simple example which does (almost) nothing::"
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msgstr "Commençons par un exemple très simple qui ne fait (quasiment) rien : ::"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:78 ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:186
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:207
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msgid "Following is a result of running the code:"
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msgstr "Ce qui suit est le résultat de l'exécution du code :"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:95 ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:252
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:296
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msgid "Here is what is happening:"
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msgstr "Voilà ce qu'il ce passe :"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:97
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msgid ""
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"Running the script without any options results in nothing displayed to stdout. "
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"Not so useful."
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msgstr ""
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"Exécuter le script sans aucune option à pour effet que rien est affiché sur "
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"stdout. Ce n'est pas très utile."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:100
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msgid ""
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"The second one starts to display the usefulness of the :mod:`argparse` module. "
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"We have done almost nothing, but already we get a nice help message."
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msgstr ""
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"Le deuxième commence à montrer l'intérêt du module :mod:`argparse`. On a "
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"quasiment rien fait mais on a déjà un beau message d'aide."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:103
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msgid ""
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"The ``--help`` option, which can also be shortened to ``-h``, is the only "
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"option we get for free (i.e. no need to specify it). Specifying anything else "
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"results in an error. But even then, we do get a useful usage message, also for "
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"free."
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msgstr ""
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"L'option ``--help``, que l'on peut aussi raccourcir en ``-h``, est la seule "
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"option que l'on a gratuitement (i.e. pas besoin de la préciser). Préciser quoi "
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"que ce soit d'autre entrainera une erreur. Mais même dans ce cas, on reçoit "
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"aussi un message utile, toujours gratuitement."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:110
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msgid "Introducing Positional arguments"
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msgstr "Introduction aux arguments positionnels"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:112
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msgid "An example::"
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msgstr "Un exemple : ::"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:120
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msgid "And running the code:"
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msgstr "On exécute le code :"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:138
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msgid "Here is what's happening:"
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msgstr "Voilà ce qu'il ce passe :"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:140
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msgid ""
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"We've added the :meth:`add_argument` method, which is what we use to specify "
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"which command-line options the program is willing to accept. In this case, "
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"I've named it ``echo`` so that it's in line with its function."
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msgstr ""
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"On a ajouté la méthode :meth:`add_argument` que l'on utilise pour préciser "
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"quelles options de lignes de commandes le programme peut accepter. Dans le "
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"cas présent, je l'ai appelé ``echo`` pour que cela corresponde à sa fonction."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:144
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msgid "Calling our program now requires us to specify an option."
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msgstr "Utiliser le programme nécessite maintenant que l'on précise une option."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:146
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msgid ""
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"The :meth:`parse_args` method actually returns some data from the options "
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"specified, in this case, ``echo``."
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msgstr ""
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"La méthode :meth:`parse_args` renvoie en réalité certaines données des options "
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"précisées, dans le cas présent : ``echo``."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:149
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msgid ""
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"The variable is some form of 'magic' that :mod:`argparse` performs for free (i."
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"e. no need to specify which variable that value is stored in). You will also "
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"notice that its name matches the string argument given to the method, ``echo``."
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msgstr ""
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"La variable est comme une forme de 'magie' que :mod:`argparse` effectue "
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"gratuitement (i.e. pas besoin de préciser dans quelle variable la valeur est "
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"stockée). Vous aurez aussi remarqué que le nom est le même que l'argument en "
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"chaîne de caractère donné à la méthode : ``echo``."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:154
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msgid ""
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"Note however that, although the help display looks nice and all, it currently "
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"is not as helpful as it can be. For example we see that we got ``echo`` as a "
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"positional argument, but we don't know what it does, other than by guessing or "
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"by reading the source code. So, let's make it a bit more useful::"
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msgstr ""
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"Notez cependant que, même si l'affichage d'aide paraît bien , il n'est pas "
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"aussi utile qu'il pourrait l'être. Par exemple, on peut lire que ``echo`` est "
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"un argument positionnel mais on ne peut pas savoir ce que cela fait autrement "
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"qu'en le devinant ou en lisant le code source. Donc, rendons le un peu plus "
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"utile : ::"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:165
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msgid "And we get:"
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msgstr "Et on obtient :"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:178
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msgid "Now, how about doing something even more useful::"
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msgstr ""
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"Maintenant, qu'en dîtes vous s'il on fait quelque chose d'encore plus "
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"utile : ::"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:196
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msgid ""
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"That didn't go so well. That's because :mod:`argparse` treats the options we "
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"give it as strings, unless we tell it otherwise. So, let's tell :mod:"
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"`argparse` to treat that input as an integer::"
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msgstr ""
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"Cela n'a pas très bien fonctionné. C'est parce que :mod:`argparse` traite les "
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"options que l'on donnes comme des chaînes de caractères à moins qu'on ne lui "
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"indique de faire autrement. Donc, disons à :mod:`argparse` de traiter cette "
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"entrée comme un entier : ::"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:217
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msgid ""
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"That went well. The program now even helpfully quits on bad illegal input "
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"before proceeding."
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msgstr ""
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"Cela a bien fonctionné. Maintenant le programme va même s'arrêter si l'entrée "
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"n'est pas légale avant de procéder à l'exécution."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:222
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msgid "Introducing Optional arguments"
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msgstr "Introduction aux arguments optionnels"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:224
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msgid ""
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"So far we, have been playing with positional arguments. Let us have a look on "
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"how to add optional ones::"
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msgstr ""
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"Jusqu'à maintenant, on a joué avec les arguments positionnels. Regardons "
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"comment en ajouter des optionnels : ::"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:234 ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:280
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:396 ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:430
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msgid "And the output:"
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msgstr "Et le résultat :"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:254
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msgid ""
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"The program is written so as to display something when ``--verbosity`` is "
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"specified and display nothing when not."
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msgstr ""
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"Le programme est écrit de sorte qu'il n'affiche rien sauf si l'option ``--"
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"verbosity`` est présicée."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:257
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msgid ""
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"To show that the option is actually optional, there is no error when running "
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"the program without it. Note that by default, if an optional argument isn't "
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"used, the relevant variable, in this case :attr:`args.verbosity`, is given "
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"``None`` as a value, which is the reason it fails the truth test of the :"
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"keyword:`if` statement."
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msgstr ""
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"Pour montrer que l'option est bien optionnelle il n'y aura pas d'erreur s'il "
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"on exécute le programme sans celle-ci. Notez que par défaut, si une option "
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"n'est pas utilisée, la variable associée, dans le cas présent : :attr:`args."
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"verbosity`, prend la valeur ``None`` c'est pourquoi elle échoue le test de "
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"vérité de l'assertion :keyword:`if`."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:263
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msgid "The help message is a bit different."
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msgstr "Le message d'aide est quelque peu différent."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:265
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msgid ""
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"When using the ``--verbosity`` option, one must also specify some value, any "
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"value."
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msgstr ""
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"Quand on utilise l'option ``--verbosity`` on doit aussi préciser une valeur, "
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"n'importe laquelle."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:268
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msgid ""
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"The above example accepts arbitrary integer values for ``--verbosity``, but "
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"for our simple program, only two values are actually useful, ``True`` or "
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"``False``. Let's modify the code accordingly::"
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msgstr ""
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"L'exemple ci-dessus accepte des valeurs entières arbitraires pour ``--"
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"verbosity`` mais pour notre programme simple seule deux valeurs sont "
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"réellement utiles : ``True`` et ``False``. Modifions le code en accord avec "
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"cela : ::"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:298
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msgid ""
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"The option is now more of a flag than something that requires a value. We even "
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"changed the name of the option to match that idea. Note that we now specify a "
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"new keyword, ``action``, and give it the value ``\"store_true\"``. This means "
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"that, if the option is specified, assign the value ``True`` to :data:`args."
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"verbose`. Not specifying it implies ``False``."
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msgstr ""
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"Maintenant l'option est plus un flag (ou drapeau) que quelque chose qui "
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"nécessite une valeur. On a même changé le nom de l'option pour qu'elle "
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"corresponde à cette idée. Notez que maintenant on précise une nouvelle "
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"``action`` clavier et qu'on lui donne la valeur ``\"store_true\"``. Cela "
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"signifie que si l'option est précisée la valeur ``True`` est assignée à :data:"
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"`args.verbose`. Ne rien préciser implique la valeur ``False``."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:305
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msgid ""
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"It complains when you specify a value, in true spirit of what flags actually "
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"are."
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msgstr ""
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"Dans l'esprit de ce que sont vraiment les flags (ou drapeaux), il se plaint "
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"quand vous tentez de préciser une valeur."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:308
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msgid "Notice the different help text."
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msgstr "Notez que l'aide est différente."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:312
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msgid "Short options"
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msgstr "Les options raccourcies"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:314
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msgid ""
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"If you are familiar with command line usage, you will notice that I haven't "
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"yet touched on the topic of short versions of the options. It's quite simple::"
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msgstr ""
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"Si vous êtes familier avec l'utilisation des ligne de commande vous avez dû "
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"remarqué que je n'ai pour l'instant rien dit au sujet des versions raccourcies "
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"des options. C'est très simple : ::"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:326
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msgid "And here goes:"
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msgstr "Et voilà :"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:339
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msgid "Note that the new ability is also reflected in the help text."
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msgstr "Notez que la nouvelle option est aussi indiquée dans l'aide."
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:343
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msgid "Combining Positional and Optional arguments"
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msgstr "Combinaison d'arguments positionnels et optionnels"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:345
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msgid "Our program keeps growing in complexity::"
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msgstr "Notre programme continue de grandir en complexité : ::"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:360
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msgid "And now the output:"
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msgstr "Et voilà le résultat :"
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:374
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msgid "We've brought back a positional argument, hence the complaint."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:376
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msgid "Note that the order does not matter."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:378
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msgid ""
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"How about we give this program of ours back the ability to have multiple "
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"verbosity values, and actually get to use them::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:412
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msgid ""
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"These all look good except the last one, which exposes a bug in our program. "
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"Let's fix it by restricting the values the ``--verbosity`` option can accept::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:448
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msgid ""
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"Note that the change also reflects both in the error message as well as the "
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"help string."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:451
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msgid ""
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"Now, let's use a different approach of playing with verbosity, which is pretty "
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"common. It also matches the way the CPython executable handles its own "
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"verbosity argument (check the output of ``python --help``)::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:470
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msgid ""
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"We have introduced another action, \"count\", to count the number of "
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"occurrences of a specific optional arguments:"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:498
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msgid ""
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"Yes, it's now more of a flag (similar to ``action=\"store_true\"``) in the "
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"previous version of our script. That should explain the complaint."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:501
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msgid "It also behaves similar to \"store_true\" action."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:503
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Now here's a demonstration of what the \"count\" action gives. You've probably "
|
|
"seen this sort of usage before."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:506
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"And if you don't specify the ``-v`` flag, that flag is considered to have "
|
|
"``None`` value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:509
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As should be expected, specifying the long form of the flag, we should get the "
|
|
"same output."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:512
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Sadly, our help output isn't very informative on the new ability our script "
|
|
"has acquired, but that can always be fixed by improving the documentation for "
|
|
"our script (e.g. via the ``help`` keyword argument)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:516
|
|
msgid "That last output exposes a bug in our program."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:519
|
|
msgid "Let's fix::"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:538
|
|
msgid "And this is what it gives:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:553
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"First output went well, and fixes the bug we had before. That is, we want any "
|
|
"value >= 2 to be as verbose as possible."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:556
|
|
msgid "Third output not so good."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:558
|
|
msgid "Let's fix that bug::"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:575
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We've just introduced yet another keyword, ``default``. We've set it to ``0`` "
|
|
"in order to make it comparable to the other int values. Remember that by "
|
|
"default, if an optional argument isn't specified, it gets the ``None`` value, "
|
|
"and that cannot be compared to an int value (hence the :exc:`TypeError` "
|
|
"exception)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:582
|
|
msgid "And:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:589
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can go quite far just with what we've learned so far, and we have only "
|
|
"scratched the surface. The :mod:`argparse` module is very powerful, and we'll "
|
|
"explore a bit more of it before we end this tutorial."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:596
|
|
msgid "Getting a little more advanced"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:598
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"What if we wanted to expand our tiny program to perform other powers, not just "
|
|
"squares::"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:615 ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:653
|
|
msgid "Output:"
|
|
msgstr "Sortie :"
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:636
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Notice that so far we've been using verbosity level to *change* the text that "
|
|
"gets displayed. The following example instead uses verbosity level to display "
|
|
"*more* text instead::"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:667
|
|
msgid "Conflicting options"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:669
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"So far, we have been working with two methods of an :class:`argparse."
|
|
"ArgumentParser` instance. Let's introduce a third one, :meth:"
|
|
"`add_mutually_exclusive_group`. It allows for us to specify options that "
|
|
"conflict with each other. Let's also change the rest of the program so that "
|
|
"the new functionality makes more sense: we'll introduce the ``--quiet`` "
|
|
"option, which will be the opposite of the ``--verbose`` one::"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:695
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Our program is now simpler, and we've lost some functionality for the sake of "
|
|
"demonstration. Anyways, here's the output:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:713
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"That should be easy to follow. I've added that last output so you can see the "
|
|
"sort of flexibility you get, i.e. mixing long form options with short form "
|
|
"ones."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:717
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Before we conclude, you probably want to tell your users the main purpose of "
|
|
"your program, just in case they don't know::"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:738
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that slight difference in the usage text. Note the ``[-v | -q]``, which "
|
|
"tells us that we can either use ``-v`` or ``-q``, but not both at the same "
|
|
"time:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:760
|
|
msgid "Conclusion"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: ../Doc/howto/argparse.rst:762
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The :mod:`argparse` module offers a lot more than shown here. Its docs are "
|
|
"quite detailed and thorough, and full of examples. Having gone through this "
|
|
"tutorial, you should easily digest them without feeling overwhelmed."
|
|
msgstr ""
|