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# Copyright (C) 2001-2018, Python Software Foundation
# For licence information, see README file.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-02-04 10:00+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-11-29 18:27+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Julien Palard <julien@palard.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: FRENCH <traductions@lists.afpy.org>\n"
"Language: fr\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.0.2\n"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2
msgid ":mod:`ssl` --- TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:10
msgid "**Source code:** :source:`Lib/ssl.py`"
msgstr "**Code source :** :source:`Lib/ssl.py`"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:18
msgid ""
"This module provides access to Transport Layer Security (often known as "
"\"Secure Sockets Layer\") encryption and peer authentication facilities for "
"network sockets, both client-side and server-side. This module uses the "
"OpenSSL library. It is available on all modern Unix systems, Windows, Mac OS "
"X, and probably additional platforms, as long as OpenSSL is installed on "
"that platform."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:26
msgid ""
"Some behavior may be platform dependent, since calls are made to the "
"operating system socket APIs. The installed version of OpenSSL may also "
"cause variations in behavior. For example, TLSv1.1 and TLSv1.2 come with "
"openssl version 1.0.1."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:32
msgid ""
"Don't use this module without reading the :ref:`ssl-security`. Doing so may "
"lead to a false sense of security, as the default settings of the ssl module "
"are not necessarily appropriate for your application."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:37
msgid ""
"This section documents the objects and functions in the ``ssl`` module; for "
"more general information about TLS, SSL, and certificates, the reader is "
"referred to the documents in the \"See Also\" section at the bottom."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:41
msgid ""
"This module provides a class, :class:`ssl.SSLSocket`, which is derived from "
"the :class:`socket.socket` type, and provides a socket-like wrapper that "
"also encrypts and decrypts the data going over the socket with SSL. It "
"supports additional methods such as :meth:`getpeercert`, which retrieves the "
"certificate of the other side of the connection, and :meth:`cipher`,which "
"retrieves the cipher being used for the secure connection."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:48
msgid ""
"For more sophisticated applications, the :class:`ssl.SSLContext` class helps "
"manage settings and certificates, which can then be inherited by SSL sockets "
"created through the :meth:`SSLContext.wrap_socket` method."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:52
msgid "Updated to support linking with OpenSSL 1.1.0"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:57
msgid ""
"OpenSSL 0.9.8, 1.0.0 and 1.0.1 are deprecated and no longer supported. In "
"the future the ssl module will require at least OpenSSL 1.0.2 or 1.1.0."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:63
msgid "Functions, Constants, and Exceptions"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:67
msgid "Socket creation"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:69
msgid ""
"Since Python 3.2 and 2.7.9, it is recommended to use the :meth:`SSLContext."
"wrap_socket` of an :class:`SSLContext` instance to wrap sockets as :class:"
"`SSLSocket` objects. The helper functions :func:`create_default_context` "
"returns a new context with secure default settings. The old :func:"
"`wrap_socket` function is deprecated since it is both inefficient and has no "
"support for server name indication (SNI) and hostname matching."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:77
msgid "Client socket example with default context and IPv4/IPv6 dual stack::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:90
msgid "Client socket example with custom context and IPv4::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:102
msgid "Server socket example listening on localhost IPv4::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:116
msgid "Context creation"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:118
msgid ""
"A convenience function helps create :class:`SSLContext` objects for common "
"purposes."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:123
msgid ""
"Return a new :class:`SSLContext` object with default settings for the given "
"*purpose*. The settings are chosen by the :mod:`ssl` module, and usually "
"represent a higher security level than when calling the :class:`SSLContext` "
"constructor directly."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:128
msgid ""
"*cafile*, *capath*, *cadata* represent optional CA certificates to trust for "
"certificate verification, as in :meth:`SSLContext.load_verify_locations`. "
"If all three are :const:`None`, this function can choose to trust the "
"system's default CA certificates instead."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:134
msgid ""
"The settings are: :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS`, :data:`OP_NO_SSLv2`, and :data:"
"`OP_NO_SSLv3` with high encryption cipher suites without RC4 and without "
"unauthenticated cipher suites. Passing :data:`~Purpose.SERVER_AUTH` as "
"*purpose* sets :data:`~SSLContext.verify_mode` to :data:`CERT_REQUIRED` and "
"either loads CA certificates (when at least one of *cafile*, *capath* or "
"*cadata* is given) or uses :meth:`SSLContext.load_default_certs` to load "
"default CA certificates."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:142
msgid ""
"When :attr:`~SSLContext.keylog_filename` is supported and the environment "
"variable :envvar:`SSLKEYLOGFILE` is set, :func:`create_default_context` "
"enables key logging."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:147
msgid ""
"The protocol, options, cipher and other settings may change to more "
"restrictive values anytime without prior deprecation. The values represent "
"a fair balance between compatibility and security."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:151
msgid ""
"If your application needs specific settings, you should create a :class:"
"`SSLContext` and apply the settings yourself."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:155
msgid ""
"If you find that when certain older clients or servers attempt to connect "
"with a :class:`SSLContext` created by this function that they get an error "
"stating \"Protocol or cipher suite mismatch\", it may be that they only "
"support SSL3.0 which this function excludes using the :data:`OP_NO_SSLv3`. "
"SSL3.0 is widely considered to be `completely broken <https://en.wikipedia."
"org/wiki/POODLE>`_. If you still wish to continue to use this function but "
"still allow SSL 3.0 connections you can re-enable them using::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:171
msgid "RC4 was dropped from the default cipher string."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:175
msgid "ChaCha20/Poly1305 was added to the default cipher string."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:177
msgid "3DES was dropped from the default cipher string."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:181
msgid "Support for key logging to :envvar:`SSLKEYLOGFILE` was added."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:185
msgid "Exceptions"
msgstr "Exceptions"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:189
msgid ""
"Raised to signal an error from the underlying SSL implementation (currently "
"provided by the OpenSSL library). This signifies some problem in the higher-"
"level encryption and authentication layer that's superimposed on the "
"underlying network connection. This error is a subtype of :exc:`OSError`. "
"The error code and message of :exc:`SSLError` instances are provided by the "
"OpenSSL library."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:196
msgid ":exc:`SSLError` used to be a subtype of :exc:`socket.error`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:201
msgid ""
"A string mnemonic designating the OpenSSL submodule in which the error "
"occurred, such as ``SSL``, ``PEM`` or ``X509``. The range of possible "
"values depends on the OpenSSL version."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:209
msgid ""
"A string mnemonic designating the reason this error occurred, for example "
"``CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED``. The range of possible values depends on the "
"OpenSSL version."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:217
msgid ""
"A subclass of :exc:`SSLError` raised when trying to read or write and the "
"SSL connection has been closed cleanly. Note that this doesn't mean that "
"the underlying transport (read TCP) has been closed."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:225
msgid ""
"A subclass of :exc:`SSLError` raised by a :ref:`non-blocking SSL socket <ssl-"
"nonblocking>` when trying to read or write data, but more data needs to be "
"received on the underlying TCP transport before the request can be fulfilled."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:234
msgid ""
"A subclass of :exc:`SSLError` raised by a :ref:`non-blocking SSL socket <ssl-"
"nonblocking>` when trying to read or write data, but more data needs to be "
"sent on the underlying TCP transport before the request can be fulfilled."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:243
msgid ""
"A subclass of :exc:`SSLError` raised when a system error was encountered "
"while trying to fulfill an operation on a SSL socket. Unfortunately, there "
"is no easy way to inspect the original errno number."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:251
msgid ""
"A subclass of :exc:`SSLError` raised when the SSL connection has been "
"terminated abruptly. Generally, you shouldn't try to reuse the underlying "
"transport when this error is encountered."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:259
msgid ""
"A subclass of :exc:`SSLError` raised when certificate validation has failed."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:266
msgid "A numeric error number that denotes the verification error."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:270
msgid "A human readable string of the verification error."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:274
msgid "An alias for :exc:`SSLCertVerificationError`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:276
msgid "The exception is now an alias for :exc:`SSLCertVerificationError`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:281
msgid "Random generation"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:285
msgid ""
"Return *num* cryptographically strong pseudo-random bytes. Raises an :class:"
"`SSLError` if the PRNG has not been seeded with enough data or if the "
"operation is not supported by the current RAND method. :func:`RAND_status` "
"can be used to check the status of the PRNG and :func:`RAND_add` can be used "
"to seed the PRNG."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:291 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:312
msgid "For almost all applications :func:`os.urandom` is preferable."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:293
msgid ""
"Read the Wikipedia article, `Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number "
"generator (CSPRNG) <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
"Cryptographically_secure_pseudorandom_number_generator>`_, to get the "
"requirements of a cryptographically generator."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:302
msgid ""
"Return (bytes, is_cryptographic): bytes are *num* pseudo-random bytes, "
"is_cryptographic is ``True`` if the bytes generated are cryptographically "
"strong. Raises an :class:`SSLError` if the operation is not supported by the "
"current RAND method."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:307
msgid ""
"Generated pseudo-random byte sequences will be unique if they are of "
"sufficient length, but are not necessarily unpredictable. They can be used "
"for non-cryptographic purposes and for certain purposes in cryptographic "
"protocols, but usually not for key generation etc."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:318
msgid ""
"OpenSSL has deprecated :func:`ssl.RAND_pseudo_bytes`, use :func:`ssl."
"RAND_bytes` instead."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:323
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the SSL pseudo-random number generator has been seeded "
"with 'enough' randomness, and ``False`` otherwise. You can use :func:`ssl."
"RAND_egd` and :func:`ssl.RAND_add` to increase the randomness of the pseudo-"
"random number generator."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:330
msgid ""
"If you are running an entropy-gathering daemon (EGD) somewhere, and *path* "
"is the pathname of a socket connection open to it, this will read 256 bytes "
"of randomness from the socket, and add it to the SSL pseudo-random number "
"generator to increase the security of generated secret keys. This is "
"typically only necessary on systems without better sources of randomness."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:336
msgid ""
"See http://egd.sourceforge.net/ or http://prngd.sourceforge.net/ for sources "
"of entropy-gathering daemons."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:339
msgid ""
":ref:`Availability <availability>`: not available with LibreSSL and OpenSSL "
"> 1.1.0."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:343
msgid ""
"Mix the given *bytes* into the SSL pseudo-random number generator. The "
"parameter *entropy* (a float) is a lower bound on the entropy contained in "
"string (so you can always use :const:`0.0`). See :rfc:`1750` for more "
"information on sources of entropy."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:348
msgid "Writable :term:`bytes-like object` is now accepted."
msgstr "N'importe quel :term:`bytes-like object` est maintenant accepté."
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:352
msgid "Certificate handling"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:360
msgid ""
"Verify that *cert* (in decoded format as returned by :meth:`SSLSocket."
"getpeercert`) matches the given *hostname*. The rules applied are those for "
"checking the identity of HTTPS servers as outlined in :rfc:`2818`, :rfc:"
"`5280` and :rfc:`6125`. In addition to HTTPS, this function should be "
"suitable for checking the identity of servers in various SSL-based protocols "
"such as FTPS, IMAPS, POPS and others."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:367
msgid ""
":exc:`CertificateError` is raised on failure. On success, the function "
"returns nothing::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:380
msgid ""
"The function now follows :rfc:`6125`, section 6.4.3 and does neither match "
"multiple wildcards (e.g. ``*.*.com`` or ``*a*.example.org``) nor a wildcard "
"inside an internationalized domain names (IDN) fragment. IDN A-labels such "
"as ``www*.xn--pthon-kva.org`` are still supported, but ``x*.python.org`` no "
"longer matches ``xn--tda.python.org``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:387
msgid ""
"Matching of IP addresses, when present in the subjectAltName field of the "
"certificate, is now supported."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:391
msgid ""
"The function is no longer used to TLS connections. Hostname matching is now "
"performed by OpenSSL."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:395
msgid ""
"Allow wildcard when it is the leftmost and the only character in that "
"segment. Partial wildcards like ``www*.example.com`` are no longer supported."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:403
msgid ""
"Return the time in seconds since the Epoch, given the ``cert_time`` string "
"representing the \"notBefore\" or \"notAfter\" date from a certificate in ``"
"\"%b %d %H:%M:%S %Y %Z\"`` strptime format (C locale)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:408
msgid "Here's an example:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:420
msgid "\"notBefore\" or \"notAfter\" dates must use GMT (:rfc:`5280`)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:422
msgid ""
"Interpret the input time as a time in UTC as specified by 'GMT' timezone in "
"the input string. Local timezone was used previously. Return an integer (no "
"fractions of a second in the input format)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:430
msgid ""
"Given the address ``addr`` of an SSL-protected server, as a (*hostname*, "
"*port-number*) pair, fetches the server's certificate, and returns it as a "
"PEM-encoded string. If ``ssl_version`` is specified, uses that version of "
"the SSL protocol to attempt to connect to the server. If ``ca_certs`` is "
"specified, it should be a file containing a list of root certificates, the "
"same format as used for the same parameter in :meth:`SSLContext."
"wrap_socket`. The call will attempt to validate the server certificate "
"against that set of root certificates, and will fail if the validation "
"attempt fails."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:440
msgid "This function is now IPv6-compatible."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:443
msgid ""
"The default *ssl_version* is changed from :data:`PROTOCOL_SSLv3` to :data:"
"`PROTOCOL_TLS` for maximum compatibility with modern servers."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:449
msgid ""
"Given a certificate as a DER-encoded blob of bytes, returns a PEM-encoded "
"string version of the same certificate."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:454
msgid ""
"Given a certificate as an ASCII PEM string, returns a DER-encoded sequence "
"of bytes for that same certificate."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:459
msgid ""
"Returns a named tuple with paths to OpenSSL's default cafile and capath. The "
"paths are the same as used by :meth:`SSLContext.set_default_verify_paths`. "
"The return value is a :term:`named tuple` ``DefaultVerifyPaths``:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:464
msgid ""
":attr:`cafile` - resolved path to cafile or ``None`` if the file doesn't "
"exist,"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:465
msgid ""
":attr:`capath` - resolved path to capath or ``None`` if the directory "
"doesn't exist,"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:466
msgid ""
":attr:`openssl_cafile_env` - OpenSSL's environment key that points to a "
"cafile,"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:467
msgid ":attr:`openssl_cafile` - hard coded path to a cafile,"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:468
msgid ""
":attr:`openssl_capath_env` - OpenSSL's environment key that points to a "
"capath,"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:469
msgid ":attr:`openssl_capath` - hard coded path to a capath directory"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:473
msgid ""
":ref:`Availability <availability>`: LibreSSL ignores the environment vars :"
"attr:`openssl_cafile_env` and :attr:`openssl_capath_env`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:478
msgid ""
"Retrieve certificates from Windows' system cert store. *store_name* may be "
"one of ``CA``, ``ROOT`` or ``MY``. Windows may provide additional cert "
"stores, too."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:482
msgid ""
"The function returns a list of (cert_bytes, encoding_type, trust) tuples. "
"The encoding_type specifies the encoding of cert_bytes. It is either :const:"
"`x509_asn` for X.509 ASN.1 data or :const:`pkcs_7_asn` for PKCS#7 ASN.1 "
"data. Trust specifies the purpose of the certificate as a set of OIDS or "
"exactly ``True`` if the certificate is trustworthy for all purposes."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:489 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1577
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1892
msgid "Example::"
msgstr "Exemple ::"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:496 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:511
msgid ":ref:`Availability <availability>`: Windows."
msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité <availability>` : Windows."
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:501
msgid ""
"Retrieve CRLs from Windows' system cert store. *store_name* may be one of "
"``CA``, ``ROOT`` or ``MY``. Windows may provide additional cert stores, too."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:505
msgid ""
"The function returns a list of (cert_bytes, encoding_type, trust) tuples. "
"The encoding_type specifies the encoding of cert_bytes. It is either :const:"
"`x509_asn` for X.509 ASN.1 data or :const:`pkcs_7_asn` for PKCS#7 ASN.1 data."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:519
msgid ""
"Takes an instance ``sock`` of :class:`socket.socket`, and returns an "
"instance of :class:`ssl.SSLSocket`, a subtype of :class:`socket.socket`, "
"which wraps the underlying socket in an SSL context. ``sock`` must be a :"
"data:`~socket.SOCK_STREAM` socket; other socket types are unsupported."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:524
msgid ""
"Internally, function creates a :class:`SSLContext` with protocol "
"*ssl_version* and :attr:`SSLContext.options` set to *cert_reqs*. If "
"parameters *keyfile*, *certfile*, *ca_certs* or *ciphers* are set, then the "
"values are passed to :meth:`SSLContext.load_cert_chain`, :meth:`SSLContext."
"load_verify_locations`, and :meth:`SSLContext.set_ciphers`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:531
msgid ""
"The arguments *server_side*, *do_handshake_on_connect*, and "
"*suppress_ragged_eofs* have the same meaning as :meth:`SSLContext."
"wrap_socket`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:537
msgid ""
"Since Python 3.2 and 2.7.9, it is recommended to use the :meth:`SSLContext."
"wrap_socket` instead of :func:`wrap_socket`. The top-level function is "
"limited and creates an insecure client socket without server name indication "
"or hostname matching."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:543
msgid "Constants"
msgstr "Constantes"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:545
msgid ""
"All constants are now :class:`enum.IntEnum` or :class:`enum.IntFlag` "
"collections."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:551
msgid ""
"Possible value for :attr:`SSLContext.verify_mode`, or the ``cert_reqs`` "
"parameter to :func:`wrap_socket`. Except for :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT`, "
"it is the default mode. With client-side sockets, just about any cert is "
"accepted. Validation errors, such as untrusted or expired cert, are ignored "
"and do not abort the TLS/SSL handshake."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:557
msgid ""
"In server mode, no certificate is requested from the client, so the client "
"does not send any for client cert authentication."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:560 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2317
msgid "See the discussion of :ref:`ssl-security` below."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:564
msgid ""
"Possible value for :attr:`SSLContext.verify_mode`, or the ``cert_reqs`` "
"parameter to :func:`wrap_socket`. In client mode, :const:`CERT_OPTIONAL` "
"has the same meaning as :const:`CERT_REQUIRED`. It is recommended to use :"
"const:`CERT_REQUIRED` for client-side sockets instead."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:569
msgid ""
"In server mode, a client certificate request is sent to the client. The "
"client may either ignore the request or send a certificate in order perform "
"TLS client cert authentication. If the client chooses to send a "
"certificate, it is verified. Any verification error immediately aborts the "
"TLS handshake."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:575 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:595
msgid ""
"Use of this setting requires a valid set of CA certificates to be passed, "
"either to :meth:`SSLContext.load_verify_locations` or as a value of the "
"``ca_certs`` parameter to :func:`wrap_socket`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:581
msgid ""
"Possible value for :attr:`SSLContext.verify_mode`, or the ``cert_reqs`` "
"parameter to :func:`wrap_socket`. In this mode, certificates are required "
"from the other side of the socket connection; an :class:`SSLError` will be "
"raised if no certificate is provided, or if its validation fails. This mode "
"is **not** sufficient to verify a certificate in client mode as it does not "
"match hostnames. :attr:`~SSLContext.check_hostname` must be enabled as well "
"to verify the authenticity of a cert. :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT` uses :"
"const:`CERT_REQUIRED` and enables :attr:`~SSLContext.check_hostname` by "
"default."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:591
msgid ""
"With server socket, this mode provides mandatory TLS client cert "
"authentication. A client certificate request is sent to the client and the "
"client must provide a valid and trusted certificate."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:601
msgid ":class:`enum.IntEnum` collection of CERT_* constants."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:607
msgid ""
"Possible value for :attr:`SSLContext.verify_flags`. In this mode, "
"certificate revocation lists (CRLs) are not checked. By default OpenSSL does "
"neither require nor verify CRLs."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:615
msgid ""
"Possible value for :attr:`SSLContext.verify_flags`. In this mode, only the "
"peer cert is checked but none of the intermediate CA certificates. The mode "
"requires a valid CRL that is signed by the peer cert's issuer (its direct "
"ancestor CA). If no proper CRL has has been loaded with :attr:`SSLContext."
"load_verify_locations`, validation will fail."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:625
msgid ""
"Possible value for :attr:`SSLContext.verify_flags`. In this mode, CRLs of "
"all certificates in the peer cert chain are checked."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:632
msgid ""
"Possible value for :attr:`SSLContext.verify_flags` to disable workarounds "
"for broken X.509 certificates."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:639
msgid ""
"Possible value for :attr:`SSLContext.verify_flags`. It instructs OpenSSL to "
"prefer trusted certificates when building the trust chain to validate a "
"certificate. This flag is enabled by default."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:647
msgid ":class:`enum.IntFlag` collection of VERIFY_* constants."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:653
msgid ""
"Selects the highest protocol version that both the client and server "
"support. Despite the name, this option can select both \"SSL\" and \"TLS\" "
"protocols."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:660
msgid ""
"Auto-negotiate the highest protocol version like :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS`, but "
"only support client-side :class:`SSLSocket` connections. The protocol "
"enables :data:`CERT_REQUIRED` and :attr:`~SSLContext.check_hostname` by "
"default."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:669
msgid ""
"Auto-negotiate the highest protocol version like :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS`, but "
"only support server-side :class:`SSLSocket` connections."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:676
msgid "Alias for :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:680
msgid "Use :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS` instead."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:684
msgid "Selects SSL version 2 as the channel encryption protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:686
msgid ""
"This protocol is not available if OpenSSL is compiled with the "
"``OPENSSL_NO_SSL2`` flag."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:691
msgid "SSL version 2 is insecure. Its use is highly discouraged."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:695
msgid "OpenSSL has removed support for SSLv2."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:699
msgid "Selects SSL version 3 as the channel encryption protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:701
msgid ""
"This protocol is not be available if OpenSSL is compiled with the "
"``OPENSSL_NO_SSLv3`` flag."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:706
msgid "SSL version 3 is insecure. Its use is highly discouraged."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:710 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:719
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:731 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:744
msgid ""
"OpenSSL has deprecated all version specific protocols. Use the default "
"protocol :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS` with flags like :data:`OP_NO_SSLv3` instead."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:715
msgid "Selects TLS version 1.0 as the channel encryption protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:724
msgid ""
"Selects TLS version 1.1 as the channel encryption protocol. Available only "
"with openssl version 1.0.1+."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:736
msgid ""
"Selects TLS version 1.2 as the channel encryption protocol. This is the most "
"modern version, and probably the best choice for maximum protection, if both "
"sides can speak it. Available only with openssl version 1.0.1+."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:749
msgid ""
"Enables workarounds for various bugs present in other SSL implementations. "
"This option is set by default. It does not necessarily set the same flags "
"as OpenSSL's ``SSL_OP_ALL`` constant."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:757
msgid ""
"Prevents an SSLv2 connection. This option is only applicable in conjunction "
"with :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS`. It prevents the peers from choosing SSLv2 as "
"the protocol version."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:765
msgid "SSLv2 is deprecated"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:770
msgid ""
"Prevents an SSLv3 connection. This option is only applicable in conjunction "
"with :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS`. It prevents the peers from choosing SSLv3 as "
"the protocol version."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:778
msgid "SSLv3 is deprecated"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:782
msgid ""
"Prevents a TLSv1 connection. This option is only applicable in conjunction "
"with :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS`. It prevents the peers from choosing TLSv1 as "
"the protocol version."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:788
msgid ""
"The option is deprecated since OpenSSL 1.1.0, use the new :attr:`SSLContext."
"minimum_version` and :attr:`SSLContext.maximum_version` instead."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:795
msgid ""
"Prevents a TLSv1.1 connection. This option is only applicable in conjunction "
"with :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS`. It prevents the peers from choosing TLSv1.1 as "
"the protocol version. Available only with openssl version 1.0.1+."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:801 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:812
msgid "The option is deprecated since OpenSSL 1.1.0."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:806
msgid ""
"Prevents a TLSv1.2 connection. This option is only applicable in conjunction "
"with :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS`. It prevents the peers from choosing TLSv1.2 as "
"the protocol version. Available only with openssl version 1.0.1+."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:817
msgid ""
"Prevents a TLSv1.3 connection. This option is only applicable in conjunction "
"with :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS`. It prevents the peers from choosing TLSv1.3 as "
"the protocol version. TLS 1.3 is available with OpenSSL 1.1.1 or later. When "
"Python has been compiled against an older version of OpenSSL, the flag "
"defaults to *0*."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:825
msgid ""
"The option is deprecated since OpenSSL 1.1.0. It was added to 2.7.15, 3.6.3 "
"and 3.7.0 for backwards compatibility with OpenSSL 1.0.2."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:831
msgid ""
"Disable all renegotiation in TLSv1.2 and earlier. Do not send HelloRequest "
"messages, and ignore renegotiation requests via ClientHello."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:834
msgid "This option is only available with OpenSSL 1.1.0h and later."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:840
msgid ""
"Use the server's cipher ordering preference, rather than the client's. This "
"option has no effect on client sockets and SSLv2 server sockets."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:847
msgid ""
"Prevents re-use of the same DH key for distinct SSL sessions. This improves "
"forward secrecy but requires more computational resources. This option only "
"applies to server sockets."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:855
msgid ""
"Prevents re-use of the same ECDH key for distinct SSL sessions. This "
"improves forward secrecy but requires more computational resources. This "
"option only applies to server sockets."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:863
msgid ""
"Send dummy Change Cipher Spec (CCS) messages in TLS 1.3 handshake to make a "
"TLS 1.3 connection look more like a TLS 1.2 connection."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:866
msgid "This option is only available with OpenSSL 1.1.1 and later."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:872
msgid ""
"Disable compression on the SSL channel. This is useful if the application "
"protocol supports its own compression scheme."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:875
msgid "This option is only available with OpenSSL 1.0.0 and later."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:881
msgid ":class:`enum.IntFlag` collection of OP_* constants."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:885
msgid "Prevent client side from requesting a session ticket."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:891
msgid ""
"Whether the OpenSSL library has built-in support for the *Application-Layer "
"Protocol Negotiation* TLS extension as described in :rfc:`7301`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:898
msgid ""
"Whether the OpenSSL library has built-in support not checking subject common "
"name and :attr:`SSLContext.hostname_checks_common_name` is writeable."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:906
msgid ""
"Whether the OpenSSL library has built-in support for the Elliptic Curve-"
"based Diffie-Hellman key exchange. This should be true unless the feature "
"was explicitly disabled by the distributor."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:914
msgid ""
"Whether the OpenSSL library has built-in support for the *Server Name "
"Indication* extension (as defined in :rfc:`6066`)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:921
msgid ""
"Whether the OpenSSL library has built-in support for the *Next Protocol "
"Negotiation* as described in the `Application Layer Protocol Negotiation "
"<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application-Layer_Protocol_Negotiation>`_. "
"When true, you can use the :meth:`SSLContext.set_npn_protocols` method to "
"advertise which protocols you want to support."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:931
msgid ""
"Whether the OpenSSL library has built-in support for the SSL 2.0 protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:937
msgid ""
"Whether the OpenSSL library has built-in support for the SSL 3.0 protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:943
msgid ""
"Whether the OpenSSL library has built-in support for the TLS 1.0 protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:949
msgid ""
"Whether the OpenSSL library has built-in support for the TLS 1.1 protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:955
msgid ""
"Whether the OpenSSL library has built-in support for the TLS 1.2 protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:961
msgid ""
"Whether the OpenSSL library has built-in support for the TLS 1.3 protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:967
msgid ""
"List of supported TLS channel binding types. Strings in this list can be "
"used as arguments to :meth:`SSLSocket.get_channel_binding`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:974
msgid "The version string of the OpenSSL library loaded by the interpreter::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:983
msgid ""
"A tuple of five integers representing version information about the OpenSSL "
"library::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:993
msgid "The raw version number of the OpenSSL library, as a single integer::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1006
msgid ""
"Alert Descriptions from :rfc:`5246` and others. The `IANA TLS Alert Registry "
"<https://www.iana.org/assignments/tls-parameters/tls-parameters.xml#tls-"
"parameters-6>`_ contains this list and references to the RFCs where their "
"meaning is defined."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1010
msgid ""
"Used as the return value of the callback function in :meth:`SSLContext."
"set_servername_callback`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1017
msgid ":class:`enum.IntEnum` collection of ALERT_DESCRIPTION_* constants."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1023
msgid ""
"Option for :func:`create_default_context` and :meth:`SSLContext."
"load_default_certs`. This value indicates that the context may be used to "
"authenticate Web servers (therefore, it will be used to create client-side "
"sockets)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1032
msgid ""
"Option for :func:`create_default_context` and :meth:`SSLContext."
"load_default_certs`. This value indicates that the context may be used to "
"authenticate Web clients (therefore, it will be used to create server-side "
"sockets)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1041
msgid ":class:`enum.IntEnum` collection of SSL_ERROR_* constants."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1047
msgid ""
":class:`enum.IntEnum` collection of SSL and TLS versions for :attr:"
"`SSLContext.maximum_version` and :attr:`SSLContext.minimum_version`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1055
msgid ""
"The minimum or maximum supported SSL or TLS version. These are magic "
"constants. Their values don't reflect the lowest and highest available TLS/"
"SSL versions."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1065
msgid "SSL 3.0 to TLS 1.3."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1069
msgid "SSL Sockets"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1073
msgid "SSL sockets provide the following methods of :ref:`socket-objects`:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1075
msgid ":meth:`~socket.socket.accept()`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1076
msgid ":meth:`~socket.socket.bind()`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1077
msgid ":meth:`~socket.socket.close()`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1078
msgid ":meth:`~socket.socket.connect()`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1079
msgid ":meth:`~socket.socket.detach()`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1080
msgid ":meth:`~socket.socket.fileno()`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1081
msgid ""
":meth:`~socket.socket.getpeername()`, :meth:`~socket.socket.getsockname()`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1082
msgid ""
":meth:`~socket.socket.getsockopt()`, :meth:`~socket.socket.setsockopt()`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1083
msgid ""
":meth:`~socket.socket.gettimeout()`, :meth:`~socket.socket.settimeout()`, :"
"meth:`~socket.socket.setblocking()`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1085
msgid ":meth:`~socket.socket.listen()`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1086
msgid ":meth:`~socket.socket.makefile()`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1087
msgid ""
":meth:`~socket.socket.recv()`, :meth:`~socket.socket.recv_into()` (but "
"passing a non-zero ``flags`` argument is not allowed)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1089
msgid ""
":meth:`~socket.socket.send()`, :meth:`~socket.socket.sendall()` (with the "
"same limitation)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1091
msgid ""
":meth:`~socket.socket.sendfile()` (but :mod:`os.sendfile` will be used for "
"plain-text sockets only, else :meth:`~socket.socket.send()` will be used)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1093
msgid ":meth:`~socket.socket.shutdown()`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1095
msgid ""
"However, since the SSL (and TLS) protocol has its own framing atop of TCP, "
"the SSL sockets abstraction can, in certain respects, diverge from the "
"specification of normal, OS-level sockets. See especially the :ref:`notes "
"on non-blocking sockets <ssl-nonblocking>`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1100
msgid ""
"Instances of :class:`SSLSocket` must be created using the :meth:`SSLContext."
"wrap_socket` method."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1103
msgid "The :meth:`sendfile` method was added."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1106
msgid ""
"The :meth:`shutdown` does not reset the socket timeout each time bytes are "
"received or sent. The socket timeout is now to maximum total duration of the "
"shutdown."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1111
msgid ""
"It is deprecated to create a :class:`SSLSocket` instance directly, use :meth:"
"`SSLContext.wrap_socket` to wrap a socket."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1115
msgid ""
":class:`SSLSocket` instances must to created with :meth:`~SSLContext."
"wrap_socket`. In earlier versions, it was possible to create instances "
"directly. This was never documented or officially supported."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1121
msgid "SSL sockets also have the following additional methods and attributes:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1125
msgid ""
"Read up to *len* bytes of data from the SSL socket and return the result as "
"a ``bytes`` instance. If *buffer* is specified, then read into the buffer "
"instead, and return the number of bytes read."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1129
msgid ""
"Raise :exc:`SSLWantReadError` or :exc:`SSLWantWriteError` if the socket is :"
"ref:`non-blocking <ssl-nonblocking>` and the read would block."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1132
msgid ""
"As at any time a re-negotiation is possible, a call to :meth:`read` can also "
"cause write operations."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1135
msgid ""
"The socket timeout is no more reset each time bytes are received or sent. "
"The socket timeout is now to maximum total duration to read up to *len* "
"bytes."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1140
msgid "Use :meth:`~SSLSocket.recv` instead of :meth:`~SSLSocket.read`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1145
msgid ""
"Write *buf* to the SSL socket and return the number of bytes written. The "
"*buf* argument must be an object supporting the buffer interface."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1148
msgid ""
"Raise :exc:`SSLWantReadError` or :exc:`SSLWantWriteError` if the socket is :"
"ref:`non-blocking <ssl-nonblocking>` and the write would block."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1151
msgid ""
"As at any time a re-negotiation is possible, a call to :meth:`write` can "
"also cause read operations."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1154
msgid ""
"The socket timeout is no more reset each time bytes are received or sent. "
"The socket timeout is now to maximum total duration to write *buf*."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1158
msgid "Use :meth:`~SSLSocket.send` instead of :meth:`~SSLSocket.write`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1163
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~SSLSocket.read` and :meth:`~SSLSocket.write` methods are the low-"
"level methods that read and write unencrypted, application-level data and "
"decrypt/encrypt it to encrypted, wire-level data. These methods require an "
"active SSL connection, i.e. the handshake was completed and :meth:`SSLSocket."
"unwrap` was not called."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1169
msgid ""
"Normally you should use the socket API methods like :meth:`~socket.socket."
"recv` and :meth:`~socket.socket.send` instead of these methods."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1175
msgid "Perform the SSL setup handshake."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1177
msgid ""
"The handshake method also performs :func:`match_hostname` when the :attr:"
"`~SSLContext.check_hostname` attribute of the socket's :attr:`~SSLSocket."
"context` is true."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1182
msgid ""
"The socket timeout is no more reset each time bytes are received or sent. "
"The socket timeout is now to maximum total duration of the handshake."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1186
msgid ""
"Hostname or IP address is matched by OpenSSL during handshake. The function :"
"func:`match_hostname` is no longer used. In case OpenSSL refuses a hostname "
"or IP address, the handshake is aborted early and a TLS alert message is "
"send to the peer."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1194
msgid ""
"If there is no certificate for the peer on the other end of the connection, "
"return ``None``. If the SSL handshake hasn't been done yet, raise :exc:"
"`ValueError`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1198
msgid ""
"If the ``binary_form`` parameter is :const:`False`, and a certificate was "
"received from the peer, this method returns a :class:`dict` instance. If "
"the certificate was not validated, the dict is empty. If the certificate "
"was validated, it returns a dict with several keys, amongst them ``subject`` "
"(the principal for which the certificate was issued) and ``issuer`` (the "
"principal issuing the certificate). If a certificate contains an instance "
"of the *Subject Alternative Name* extension (see :rfc:`3280`), there will "
"also be a ``subjectAltName`` key in the dictionary."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1207
msgid ""
"The ``subject`` and ``issuer`` fields are tuples containing the sequence of "
"relative distinguished names (RDNs) given in the certificate's data "
"structure for the respective fields, and each RDN is a sequence of name-"
"value pairs. Here is a real-world example::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1233
msgid ""
"To validate a certificate for a particular service, you can use the :func:"
"`match_hostname` function."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1236
msgid ""
"If the ``binary_form`` parameter is :const:`True`, and a certificate was "
"provided, this method returns the DER-encoded form of the entire certificate "
"as a sequence of bytes, or :const:`None` if the peer did not provide a "
"certificate. Whether the peer provides a certificate depends on the SSL "
"socket's role:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1242
msgid ""
"for a client SSL socket, the server will always provide a certificate, "
"regardless of whether validation was required;"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1245
msgid ""
"for a server SSL socket, the client will only provide a certificate when "
"requested by the server; therefore :meth:`getpeercert` will return :const:"
"`None` if you used :const:`CERT_NONE` (rather than :const:`CERT_OPTIONAL` "
"or :const:`CERT_REQUIRED`)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1250
msgid ""
"The returned dictionary includes additional items such as ``issuer`` and "
"``notBefore``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1254
msgid ""
":exc:`ValueError` is raised when the handshake isn't done. The returned "
"dictionary includes additional X509v3 extension items such as "
"``crlDistributionPoints``, ``caIssuers`` and ``OCSP`` URIs."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1259
msgid "IPv6 address strings no longer have a trailing new line."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1264
msgid ""
"Returns a three-value tuple containing the name of the cipher being used, "
"the version of the SSL protocol that defines its use, and the number of "
"secret bits being used. If no connection has been established, returns "
"``None``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1270
msgid ""
"Return the list of ciphers shared by the client during the handshake. Each "
"entry of the returned list is a three-value tuple containing the name of the "
"cipher, the version of the SSL protocol that defines its use, and the number "
"of secret bits the cipher uses. :meth:`~SSLSocket.shared_ciphers` returns "
"``None`` if no connection has been established or the socket is a client "
"socket."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1281
msgid ""
"Return the compression algorithm being used as a string, or ``None`` if the "
"connection isn't compressed."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1284
msgid ""
"If the higher-level protocol supports its own compression mechanism, you can "
"use :data:`OP_NO_COMPRESSION` to disable SSL-level compression."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1291
msgid ""
"Get channel binding data for current connection, as a bytes object. Returns "
"``None`` if not connected or the handshake has not been completed."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1294
msgid ""
"The *cb_type* parameter allow selection of the desired channel binding type. "
"Valid channel binding types are listed in the :data:`CHANNEL_BINDING_TYPES` "
"list. Currently only the 'tls-unique' channel binding, defined by :rfc:"
"`5929`, is supported. :exc:`ValueError` will be raised if an unsupported "
"channel binding type is requested."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1304
msgid ""
"Return the protocol that was selected during the TLS handshake. If :meth:"
"`SSLContext.set_alpn_protocols` was not called, if the other party does not "
"support ALPN, if this socket does not support any of the client's proposed "
"protocols, or if the handshake has not happened yet, ``None`` is returned."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1314
msgid ""
"Return the higher-level protocol that was selected during the TLS/SSL "
"handshake. If :meth:`SSLContext.set_npn_protocols` was not called, or if the "
"other party does not support NPN, or if the handshake has not yet happened, "
"this will return ``None``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1323
msgid ""
"Performs the SSL shutdown handshake, which removes the TLS layer from the "
"underlying socket, and returns the underlying socket object. This can be "
"used to go from encrypted operation over a connection to unencrypted. The "
"returned socket should always be used for further communication with the "
"other side of the connection, rather than the original socket."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1331
msgid ""
"Requests post-handshake authentication (PHA) from a TLS 1.3 client. PHA can "
"only be initiated for a TLS 1.3 connection from a server-side socket, after "
"the initial TLS handshake and with PHA enabled on both sides, see :attr:"
"`SSLContext.post_handshake_auth`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1336
msgid ""
"The method does not perform a cert exchange immediately. The server-side "
"sends a CertificateRequest during the next write event and expects the "
"client to respond with a certificate on the next read event."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1340
msgid ""
"If any precondition isn't met (e.g. not TLS 1.3, PHA not enabled), an :exc:"
"`SSLError` is raised."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1344
msgid ""
"Only available with OpenSSL 1.1.1 and TLS 1.3 enabled. Without TLS 1.3 "
"support, the method raises :exc:`NotImplementedError`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1351
msgid ""
"Return the actual SSL protocol version negotiated by the connection as a "
"string, or ``None`` is no secure connection is established. As of this "
"writing, possible return values include ``\"SSLv2\"``, ``\"SSLv3\"``, ``"
"\"TLSv1\"``, ``\"TLSv1.1\"`` and ``\"TLSv1.2\"``. Recent OpenSSL versions "
"may define more return values."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1361
msgid ""
"Returns the number of already decrypted bytes available for read, pending on "
"the connection."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1366
msgid ""
"The :class:`SSLContext` object this SSL socket is tied to. If the SSL "
"socket was created using the deprecated :func:`wrap_socket` function (rather "
"than :meth:`SSLContext.wrap_socket`), this is a custom context object "
"created for this SSL socket."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1375
msgid ""
"A boolean which is ``True`` for server-side sockets and ``False`` for client-"
"side sockets."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1382
msgid ""
"Hostname of the server: :class:`str` type, or ``None`` for server-side "
"socket or if the hostname was not specified in the constructor."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1387
msgid ""
"The attribute is now always ASCII text. When ``server_hostname`` is an "
"internationalized domain name (IDN), this attribute now stores the A-label "
"form (``\"xn--pythn-mua.org\"``), rather than the U-label form (``\"pythön."
"org\"``)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1395
msgid ""
"The :class:`SSLSession` for this SSL connection. The session is available "
"for client and server side sockets after the TLS handshake has been "
"performed. For client sockets the session can be set before :meth:"
"`~SSLSocket.do_handshake` has been called to reuse a session."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1408
msgid "SSL Contexts"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1412
msgid ""
"An SSL context holds various data longer-lived than single SSL connections, "
"such as SSL configuration options, certificate(s) and private key(s). It "
"also manages a cache of SSL sessions for server-side sockets, in order to "
"speed up repeated connections from the same clients."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1419
msgid ""
"Create a new SSL context. You may pass *protocol* which must be one of the "
"``PROTOCOL_*`` constants defined in this module. The parameter specifies "
"which version of the SSL protocol to use. Typically, the server chooses a "
"particular protocol version, and the client must adapt to the server's "
"choice. Most of the versions are not interoperable with the other "
"versions. If not specified, the default is :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS`; it "
"provides the most compatibility with other versions."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1428
msgid ""
"Here's a table showing which versions in a client (down the side) can "
"connect to which versions in a server (along the top):"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1434
msgid "*client* / **server**"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1434
msgid "**SSLv2**"
msgstr "**SSLv2**"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1434
msgid "**SSLv3**"
msgstr "**SSLv3**"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1434
msgid "**TLS** [3]_"
msgstr "**TLS** [3]_"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1434
msgid "**TLSv1**"
msgstr "**TLSv1**"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1434
msgid "**TLSv1.1**"
msgstr "**TLSv1.1**"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1434
msgid "**TLSv1.2**"
msgstr "**TLSv1.2**"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1436
msgid "*SSLv2*"
msgstr "*SSLv2*"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1436 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1437
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1438 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1439
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1440 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1441
msgid "yes"
msgstr "oui"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1436 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1437
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1439 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1440
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1441
msgid "no"
msgstr "non"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1436 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1438
msgid "no [1]_"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1437
msgid "*SSLv3*"
msgstr "*SSLv3*"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1437 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1438
msgid "no [2]_"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1438
msgid "*TLS* (*SSLv23*) [3]_"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1439
msgid "*TLSv1*"
msgstr "*TLSv1*"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1440
msgid "*TLSv1.1*"
msgstr "*TLSv1.1*"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1441
msgid "*TLSv1.2*"
msgstr "*TLSv1.2*"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1444
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Notes"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1445
msgid ":class:`SSLContext` disables SSLv2 with :data:`OP_NO_SSLv2` by default."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1446
msgid ":class:`SSLContext` disables SSLv3 with :data:`OP_NO_SSLv3` by default."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1447
msgid ""
"TLS 1.3 protocol will be available with :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS` in OpenSSL >= "
"1.1.1. There is no dedicated PROTOCOL constant for just TLS 1.3."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1452
msgid ""
":func:`create_default_context` lets the :mod:`ssl` module choose security "
"settings for a given purpose."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1457
msgid ""
"The context is created with secure default values. The options :data:"
"`OP_NO_COMPRESSION`, :data:`OP_CIPHER_SERVER_PREFERENCE`, :data:"
"`OP_SINGLE_DH_USE`, :data:`OP_SINGLE_ECDH_USE`, :data:`OP_NO_SSLv2` (except "
"for :data:`PROTOCOL_SSLv2`), and :data:`OP_NO_SSLv3` (except for :data:"
"`PROTOCOL_SSLv3`) are set by default. The initial cipher suite list contains "
"only ``HIGH`` ciphers, no ``NULL`` ciphers and no ``MD5`` ciphers (except "
"for :data:`PROTOCOL_SSLv2`)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1467
msgid ":class:`SSLContext` objects have the following methods and attributes:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1471
msgid ""
"Get statistics about quantities of loaded X.509 certificates, count of X.509 "
"certificates flagged as CA certificates and certificate revocation lists as "
"dictionary."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1475
msgid "Example for a context with one CA cert and one other cert::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1485
msgid ""
"Load a private key and the corresponding certificate. The *certfile* string "
"must be the path to a single file in PEM format containing the certificate "
"as well as any number of CA certificates needed to establish the "
"certificate's authenticity. The *keyfile* string, if present, must point to "
"a file containing the private key in. Otherwise the private key will be "
"taken from *certfile* as well. See the discussion of :ref:`ssl-"
"certificates` for more information on how the certificate is stored in the "
"*certfile*."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1494
msgid ""
"The *password* argument may be a function to call to get the password for "
"decrypting the private key. It will only be called if the private key is "
"encrypted and a password is necessary. It will be called with no arguments, "
"and it should return a string, bytes, or bytearray. If the return value is "
"a string it will be encoded as UTF-8 before using it to decrypt the key. "
"Alternatively a string, bytes, or bytearray value may be supplied directly "
"as the *password* argument. It will be ignored if the private key is not "
"encrypted and no password is needed."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1503
msgid ""
"If the *password* argument is not specified and a password is required, "
"OpenSSL's built-in password prompting mechanism will be used to "
"interactively prompt the user for a password."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1507
msgid ""
"An :class:`SSLError` is raised if the private key doesn't match with the "
"certificate."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1510
msgid "New optional argument *password*."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1515
msgid ""
"Load a set of default \"certification authority\" (CA) certificates from "
"default locations. On Windows it loads CA certs from the ``CA`` and ``ROOT`` "
"system stores. On other systems it calls :meth:`SSLContext."
"set_default_verify_paths`. In the future the method may load CA certificates "
"from other locations, too."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1521
msgid ""
"The *purpose* flag specifies what kind of CA certificates are loaded. The "
"default settings :data:`Purpose.SERVER_AUTH` loads certificates, that are "
"flagged and trusted for TLS web server authentication (client side "
"sockets). :data:`Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH` loads CA certificates for client "
"certificate verification on the server side."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1531
msgid ""
"Load a set of \"certification authority\" (CA) certificates used to validate "
"other peers' certificates when :data:`verify_mode` is other than :data:"
"`CERT_NONE`. At least one of *cafile* or *capath* must be specified."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1535
msgid ""
"This method can also load certification revocation lists (CRLs) in PEM or "
"DER format. In order to make use of CRLs, :attr:`SSLContext.verify_flags` "
"must be configured properly."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1539
msgid ""
"The *cafile* string, if present, is the path to a file of concatenated CA "
"certificates in PEM format. See the discussion of :ref:`ssl-certificates` "
"for more information about how to arrange the certificates in this file."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1544
msgid ""
"The *capath* string, if present, is the path to a directory containing "
"several CA certificates in PEM format, following an `OpenSSL specific layout "
"<https://www.openssl.org/docs/manmaster/man3/SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations."
"html>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1549
msgid ""
"The *cadata* object, if present, is either an ASCII string of one or more "
"PEM-encoded certificates or a :term:`bytes-like object` of DER-encoded "
"certificates. Like with *capath* extra lines around PEM-encoded certificates "
"are ignored but at least one certificate must be present."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1554
msgid "New optional argument *cadata*"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1559
msgid ""
"Get a list of loaded \"certification authority\" (CA) certificates. If the "
"``binary_form`` parameter is :const:`False` each list entry is a dict like "
"the output of :meth:`SSLSocket.getpeercert`. Otherwise the method returns a "
"list of DER-encoded certificates. The returned list does not contain "
"certificates from *capath* unless a certificate was requested and loaded by "
"a SSL connection."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1567
msgid ""
"Certificates in a capath directory aren't loaded unless they have been used "
"at least once."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1574
msgid ""
"Get a list of enabled ciphers. The list is in order of cipher priority. See :"
"meth:`SSLContext.set_ciphers`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1597
msgid "On OpenSSL 1.1 and newer the cipher dict contains additional fields::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1626
msgid ":ref:`Availability <availability>`: OpenSSL 1.0.2+."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1631
msgid ""
"Load a set of default \"certification authority\" (CA) certificates from a "
"filesystem path defined when building the OpenSSL library. Unfortunately, "
"there's no easy way to know whether this method succeeds: no error is "
"returned if no certificates are to be found. When the OpenSSL library is "
"provided as part of the operating system, though, it is likely to be "
"configured properly."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1640
msgid ""
"Set the available ciphers for sockets created with this context. It should "
"be a string in the `OpenSSL cipher list format <https://www.openssl.org/docs/"
"manmaster/man1/ciphers.html>`_. If no cipher can be selected (because "
"compile-time options or other configuration forbids use of all the specified "
"ciphers), an :class:`SSLError` will be raised."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1648
msgid ""
"when connected, the :meth:`SSLSocket.cipher` method of SSL sockets will give "
"the currently selected cipher."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1651
msgid ""
"OpenSSL 1.1.1 has TLS 1.3 cipher suites enabled by default. The suites "
"cannot be disabled with :meth:`~SSLContext.set_ciphers`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1656
msgid ""
"Specify which protocols the socket should advertise during the SSL/TLS "
"handshake. It should be a list of ASCII strings, like ``['http/1.1', "
"'spdy/2']``, ordered by preference. The selection of a protocol will happen "
"during the handshake, and will play out according to :rfc:`7301`. After a "
"successful handshake, the :meth:`SSLSocket.selected_alpn_protocol` method "
"will return the agreed-upon protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1663
msgid ""
"This method will raise :exc:`NotImplementedError` if :data:`HAS_ALPN` is "
"``False``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1666
msgid ""
"OpenSSL 1.1.0 to 1.1.0e will abort the handshake and raise :exc:`SSLError` "
"when both sides support ALPN but cannot agree on a protocol. 1.1.0f+ behaves "
"like 1.0.2, :meth:`SSLSocket.selected_alpn_protocol` returns None."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1674
msgid ""
"Specify which protocols the socket should advertise during the SSL/TLS "
"handshake. It should be a list of strings, like ``['http/1.1', 'spdy/2']``, "
"ordered by preference. The selection of a protocol will happen during the "
"handshake, and will play out according to the `Application Layer Protocol "
"Negotiation <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application-"
"Layer_Protocol_Negotiation>`_. After a successful handshake, the :meth:"
"`SSLSocket.selected_npn_protocol` method will return the agreed-upon "
"protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1682
msgid ""
"This method will raise :exc:`NotImplementedError` if :data:`HAS_NPN` is "
"``False``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1689
msgid ""
"Register a callback function that will be called after the TLS Client Hello "
"handshake message has been received by the SSL/TLS server when the TLS "
"client specifies a server name indication. The server name indication "
"mechanism is specified in :rfc:`6066` section 3 - Server Name Indication."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1694
msgid ""
"Only one callback can be set per ``SSLContext``. If *sni_callback* is set "
"to ``None`` then the callback is disabled. Calling this function a "
"subsequent time will disable the previously registered callback."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1698
msgid ""
"The callback function will be called with three arguments; the first being "
"the :class:`ssl.SSLSocket`, the second is a string that represents the "
"server name that the client is intending to communicate (or :const:`None` if "
"the TLS Client Hello does not contain a server name) and the third argument "
"is the original :class:`SSLContext`. The server name argument is text. For "
"internationalized domain name, the server name is an IDN A-label (``\"xn--"
"pythn-mua.org\"``)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1706
msgid ""
"A typical use of this callback is to change the :class:`ssl.SSLSocket`'s :"
"attr:`SSLSocket.context` attribute to a new object of type :class:"
"`SSLContext` representing a certificate chain that matches the server name."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1711
msgid ""
"Due to the early negotiation phase of the TLS connection, only limited "
"methods and attributes are usable like :meth:`SSLSocket."
"selected_alpn_protocol` and :attr:`SSLSocket.context`. :meth:`SSLSocket."
"getpeercert`, :meth:`SSLSocket.getpeercert`, :meth:`SSLSocket.cipher` and :"
"meth:`SSLSocket.compress` methods require that the TLS connection has "
"progressed beyond the TLS Client Hello and therefore will not contain return "
"meaningful values nor can they be called safely."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1719
msgid ""
"The *sni_callback* function must return ``None`` to allow the TLS "
"negotiation to continue. If a TLS failure is required, a constant :const:"
"`ALERT_DESCRIPTION_* <ALERT_DESCRIPTION_INTERNAL_ERROR>` can be returned. "
"Other return values will result in a TLS fatal error with :const:"
"`ALERT_DESCRIPTION_INTERNAL_ERROR`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1725
msgid ""
"If an exception is raised from the *sni_callback* function the TLS "
"connection will terminate with a fatal TLS alert message :const:"
"`ALERT_DESCRIPTION_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1729
msgid ""
"This method will raise :exc:`NotImplementedError` if the OpenSSL library had "
"OPENSSL_NO_TLSEXT defined when it was built."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1736
msgid ""
"This is a legacy API retained for backwards compatibility. When possible, "
"you should use :attr:`sni_callback` instead. The given "
"*server_name_callback* is similar to *sni_callback*, except that when the "
"server hostname is an IDN-encoded internationalized domain name, the "
"*server_name_callback* receives a decoded U-label (``\"pythön.org\"``)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1742
msgid ""
"If there is an decoding error on the server name, the TLS connection will "
"terminate with an :const:`ALERT_DESCRIPTION_INTERNAL_ERROR` fatal TLS alert "
"message to the client."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1750
msgid ""
"Load the key generation parameters for Diffie-Hellman (DH) key exchange. "
"Using DH key exchange improves forward secrecy at the expense of "
"computational resources (both on the server and on the client). The *dhfile* "
"parameter should be the path to a file containing DH parameters in PEM "
"format."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1756
msgid ""
"This setting doesn't apply to client sockets. You can also use the :data:"
"`OP_SINGLE_DH_USE` option to further improve security."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1763
msgid ""
"Set the curve name for Elliptic Curve-based Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) key "
"exchange. ECDH is significantly faster than regular DH while arguably as "
"secure. The *curve_name* parameter should be a string describing a well-"
"known elliptic curve, for example ``prime256v1`` for a widely supported "
"curve."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1769
msgid ""
"This setting doesn't apply to client sockets. You can also use the :data:"
"`OP_SINGLE_ECDH_USE` option to further improve security."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1772
msgid "This method is not available if :data:`HAS_ECDH` is ``False``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1777
msgid ""
"`SSL/TLS & Perfect Forward Secrecy <https://vincent.bernat.im/en/blog/2011-"
"ssl-perfect-forward-secrecy>`_"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1778
msgid "Vincent Bernat."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1784
msgid ""
"Wrap an existing Python socket *sock* and return an instance of :attr:"
"`SSLContext.sslsocket_class` (default :class:`SSLSocket`). The returned SSL "
"socket is tied to the context, its settings and certificates. *sock* must be "
"a :data:`~socket.SOCK_STREAM` socket; other socket types are unsupported."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1790
msgid ""
"The parameter ``server_side`` is a boolean which identifies whether server-"
"side or client-side behavior is desired from this socket."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1793
msgid ""
"For client-side sockets, the context construction is lazy; if the underlying "
"socket isn't connected yet, the context construction will be performed "
"after :meth:`connect` is called on the socket. For server-side sockets, if "
"the socket has no remote peer, it is assumed to be a listening socket, and "
"the server-side SSL wrapping is automatically performed on client "
"connections accepted via the :meth:`accept` method. The method may raise :"
"exc:`SSLError`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1801
msgid ""
"On client connections, the optional parameter *server_hostname* specifies "
"the hostname of the service which we are connecting to. This allows a "
"single server to host multiple SSL-based services with distinct "
"certificates, quite similarly to HTTP virtual hosts. Specifying "
"*server_hostname* will raise a :exc:`ValueError` if *server_side* is true."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1807
msgid ""
"The parameter ``do_handshake_on_connect`` specifies whether to do the SSL "
"handshake automatically after doing a :meth:`socket.connect`, or whether the "
"application program will call it explicitly, by invoking the :meth:"
"`SSLSocket.do_handshake` method. Calling :meth:`SSLSocket.do_handshake` "
"explicitly gives the program control over the blocking behavior of the "
"socket I/O involved in the handshake."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1814
msgid ""
"The parameter ``suppress_ragged_eofs`` specifies how the :meth:`SSLSocket."
"recv` method should signal unexpected EOF from the other end of the "
"connection. If specified as :const:`True` (the default), it returns a "
"normal EOF (an empty bytes object) in response to unexpected EOF errors "
"raised from the underlying socket; if :const:`False`, it will raise the "
"exceptions back to the caller."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1821
msgid "*session*, see :attr:`~SSLSocket.session`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1823
msgid ""
"Always allow a server_hostname to be passed, even if OpenSSL does not have "
"SNI."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1827 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1853
msgid "*session* argument was added."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1830
msgid ""
"The method returns on instance of :attr:`SSLContext.sslsocket_class` instead "
"of hard-coded :class:`SSLSocket`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1836
msgid ""
"The return type of :meth:`SSLContext.wrap_socket`, defaults to :class:"
"`SSLSocket`. The attribute can be overridden on instance of class in order "
"to return a custom subclass of :class:`SSLSocket`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1845
msgid ""
"Wrap the BIO objects *incoming* and *outgoing* and return an instance of :"
"attr:`SSLContext.sslobject_class` (default :class:`SSLObject`). The SSL "
"routines will read input data from the incoming BIO and write data to the "
"outgoing BIO."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1850
msgid ""
"The *server_side*, *server_hostname* and *session* parameters have the same "
"meaning as in :meth:`SSLContext.wrap_socket`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1856
msgid ""
"The method returns on instance of :attr:`SSLContext.sslobject_class` instead "
"of hard-coded :class:`SSLObject`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1862
msgid ""
"The return type of :meth:`SSLContext.wrap_bio`, defaults to :class:"
"`SSLObject`. The attribute can be overridden on instance of class in order "
"to return a custom subclass of :class:`SSLObject`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1870
msgid ""
"Get statistics about the SSL sessions created or managed by this context. A "
"dictionary is returned which maps the names of each `piece of information "
"<https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/ssl/SSL_CTX_sess_number.html>`_ to "
"their numeric values. For example, here is the total number of hits and "
"misses in the session cache since the context was created::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1881
msgid ""
"Whether to match the peer cert's hostname with :func:`match_hostname` in :"
"meth:`SSLSocket.do_handshake`. The context's :attr:`~SSLContext.verify_mode` "
"must be set to :data:`CERT_OPTIONAL` or :data:`CERT_REQUIRED`, and you must "
"pass *server_hostname* to :meth:`~SSLContext.wrap_socket` in order to match "
"the hostname. Enabling hostname checking automatically sets :attr:"
"`~SSLContext.verify_mode` from :data:`CERT_NONE` to :data:`CERT_REQUIRED`. "
"It cannot be set back to :data:`CERT_NONE` as long as hostname checking is "
"enabled. The :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT` protocol enables hostname checking "
"by default. With other protocols, hostname checking must be enabled "
"explicitly."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1909
msgid ""
":attr:`~SSLContext.verify_mode` is now automatically changed to :data:"
"`CERT_REQUIRED` when hostname checking is enabled and :attr:`~SSLContext."
"verify_mode` is :data:`CERT_NONE`. Previously the same operation would have "
"failed with a :exc:`ValueError`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1916
msgid "This features requires OpenSSL 0.9.8f or newer."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1920
msgid ""
"Write TLS keys to a keylog file, whenever key material is generated or "
"received. The keylog file is designed for debugging purposes only. The file "
"format is specified by NSS and used by many traffic analyzers such as "
"Wireshark. The log file is opened in append-only mode. Writes are "
"synchronized between threads, but not between processes."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1930
msgid "This features requires OpenSSL 1.1.1 or newer."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1934
msgid ""
"A :class:`TLSVersion` enum member representing the highest supported TLS "
"version. The value defaults to :attr:`TLSVersion.MAXIMUM_SUPPORTED`. The "
"attribute is read-only for protocols other than :attr:`PROTOCOL_TLS`, :attr:"
"`PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT`, and :attr:`PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1939
msgid ""
"The attributes :attr:`~SSLContext.maximum_version`, :attr:`~SSLContext."
"minimum_version` and :attr:`SSLContext.options` all affect the supported SSL "
"and TLS versions of the context. The implementation does not prevent invalid "
"combination. For example a context with :attr:`OP_NO_TLSv1_2` in :attr:"
"`~SSLContext.options` and :attr:`~SSLContext.maximum_version` set to :attr:"
"`TLSVersion.TLSv1_2` will not be able to establish a TLS 1.2 connection."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1950 ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1962
msgid ""
"This attribute is not available unless the ssl module is compiled with "
"OpenSSL 1.1.0g or newer."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1957
msgid ""
"Like :attr:`SSLContext.maximum_version` except it is the lowest supported "
"version or :attr:`TLSVersion.MINIMUM_SUPPORTED`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1969
msgid ""
"Control the number of TLS 1.3 session tickets of a :attr:"
"`TLS_PROTOCOL_SERVER` context. The setting has no impact on TLS 1.0 to 1.2 "
"connections."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1975
msgid ""
"This attribute is not available unless the ssl module is compiled with "
"OpenSSL 1.1.1 or newer."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1982
msgid ""
"An integer representing the set of SSL options enabled on this context. The "
"default value is :data:`OP_ALL`, but you can specify other options such as :"
"data:`OP_NO_SSLv2` by ORing them together."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1987
msgid ""
"With versions of OpenSSL older than 0.9.8m, it is only possible to set "
"options, not to clear them. Attempting to clear an option (by resetting the "
"corresponding bits) will raise a :exc:`ValueError`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1991
msgid ":attr:`SSLContext.options` returns :class:`Options` flags:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:1999
msgid ""
"Enable TLS 1.3 post-handshake client authentication. Post-handshake auth is "
"disabled by default and a server can only request a TLS client certificate "
"during the initial handshake. When enabled, a server may request a TLS "
"client certificate at any time after the handshake."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2004
msgid ""
"When enabled on client-side sockets, the client signals the server that it "
"supports post-handshake authentication."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2007
msgid ""
"When enabled on server-side sockets, :attr:`SSLContext.verify_mode` must be "
"set to :data:`CERT_OPTIONAL` or :data:`CERT_REQUIRED`, too. The actual "
"client cert exchange is delayed until :meth:`SSLSocket."
"verify_client_post_handshake` is called and some I/O is performed."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2014
msgid ""
"Only available with OpenSSL 1.1.1 and TLS 1.3 enabled. Without TLS 1.3 "
"support, the property value is None and can't be modified"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2021
msgid ""
"The protocol version chosen when constructing the context. This attribute "
"is read-only."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2026
msgid ""
"Whether :attr:`~SSLContext.check_hostname` falls back to verify the cert's "
"subject common name in the absence of a subject alternative name extension "
"(default: true)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2031
msgid "Only writeable with OpenSSL 1.1.0 or higher."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2037
msgid ""
"The flags for certificate verification operations. You can set flags like :"
"data:`VERIFY_CRL_CHECK_LEAF` by ORing them together. By default OpenSSL does "
"neither require nor verify certificate revocation lists (CRLs). Available "
"only with openssl version 0.9.8+."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2044
msgid ":attr:`SSLContext.verify_flags` returns :class:`VerifyFlags` flags:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2052
msgid ""
"Whether to try to verify other peers' certificates and how to behave if "
"verification fails. This attribute must be one of :data:`CERT_NONE`, :data:"
"`CERT_OPTIONAL` or :data:`CERT_REQUIRED`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2056
msgid ":attr:`SSLContext.verify_mode` returns :class:`VerifyMode` enum:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2069
msgid "Certificates"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2071
msgid ""
"Certificates in general are part of a public-key / private-key system. In "
"this system, each *principal*, (which may be a machine, or a person, or an "
"organization) is assigned a unique two-part encryption key. One part of the "
"key is public, and is called the *public key*; the other part is kept "
"secret, and is called the *private key*. The two parts are related, in that "
"if you encrypt a message with one of the parts, you can decrypt it with the "
"other part, and **only** with the other part."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2079
msgid ""
"A certificate contains information about two principals. It contains the "
"name of a *subject*, and the subject's public key. It also contains a "
"statement by a second principal, the *issuer*, that the subject is who they "
"claim to be, and that this is indeed the subject's public key. The issuer's "
"statement is signed with the issuer's private key, which only the issuer "
"knows. However, anyone can verify the issuer's statement by finding the "
"issuer's public key, decrypting the statement with it, and comparing it to "
"the other information in the certificate. The certificate also contains "
"information about the time period over which it is valid. This is expressed "
"as two fields, called \"notBefore\" and \"notAfter\"."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2089
msgid ""
"In the Python use of certificates, a client or server can use a certificate "
"to prove who they are. The other side of a network connection can also be "
"required to produce a certificate, and that certificate can be validated to "
"the satisfaction of the client or server that requires such validation. The "
"connection attempt can be set to raise an exception if the validation fails. "
"Validation is done automatically, by the underlying OpenSSL framework; the "
"application need not concern itself with its mechanics. But the application "
"does usually need to provide sets of certificates to allow this process to "
"take place."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2099
msgid ""
"Python uses files to contain certificates. They should be formatted as \"PEM"
"\" (see :rfc:`1422`), which is a base-64 encoded form wrapped with a header "
"line and a footer line::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2108
msgid "Certificate chains"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2110
msgid ""
"The Python files which contain certificates can contain a sequence of "
"certificates, sometimes called a *certificate chain*. This chain should "
"start with the specific certificate for the principal who \"is\" the client "
"or server, and then the certificate for the issuer of that certificate, and "
"then the certificate for the issuer of *that* certificate, and so on up the "
"chain till you get to a certificate which is *self-signed*, that is, a "
"certificate which has the same subject and issuer, sometimes called a *root "
"certificate*. The certificates should just be concatenated together in the "
"certificate file. For example, suppose we had a three certificate chain, "
"from our server certificate to the certificate of the certification "
"authority that signed our server certificate, to the root certificate of the "
"agency which issued the certification authority's certificate::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2134
msgid "CA certificates"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2136
msgid ""
"If you are going to require validation of the other side of the connection's "
"certificate, you need to provide a \"CA certs\" file, filled with the "
"certificate chains for each issuer you are willing to trust. Again, this "
"file just contains these chains concatenated together. For validation, "
"Python will use the first chain it finds in the file which matches. The "
"platform's certificates file can be used by calling :meth:`SSLContext."
"load_default_certs`, this is done automatically with :func:`."
"create_default_context`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2145
msgid "Combined key and certificate"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2147
msgid ""
"Often the private key is stored in the same file as the certificate; in this "
"case, only the ``certfile`` parameter to :meth:`SSLContext.load_cert_chain` "
"and :func:`wrap_socket` needs to be passed. If the private key is stored "
"with the certificate, it should come before the first certificate in the "
"certificate chain::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2161
msgid "Self-signed certificates"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2163
msgid ""
"If you are going to create a server that provides SSL-encrypted connection "
"services, you will need to acquire a certificate for that service. There "
"are many ways of acquiring appropriate certificates, such as buying one from "
"a certification authority. Another common practice is to generate a self-"
"signed certificate. The simplest way to do this is with the OpenSSL "
"package, using something like the following::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2192
msgid ""
"The disadvantage of a self-signed certificate is that it is its own root "
"certificate, and no one else will have it in their cache of known (and "
"trusted) root certificates."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2198
msgid "Examples"
msgstr "Exemples"
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2201
msgid "Testing for SSL support"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2203
msgid ""
"To test for the presence of SSL support in a Python installation, user code "
"should use the following idiom::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2214
msgid "Client-side operation"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2216
msgid ""
"This example creates a SSL context with the recommended security settings "
"for client sockets, including automatic certificate verification::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2221
msgid ""
"If you prefer to tune security settings yourself, you might create a context "
"from scratch (but beware that you might not get the settings right)::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2228
msgid ""
"(this snippet assumes your operating system places a bundle of all CA "
"certificates in ``/etc/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt``; if not, you'll get an "
"error and have to adjust the location)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2232
msgid ""
"The :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT` protocol configures the context for cert "
"validation and hostname verification. :attr:`~SSLContext.verify_mode` is set "
"to :data:`CERT_REQUIRED` and :attr:`~SSLContext.check_hostname` is set to "
"``True``. All other protocols create SSL contexts with insecure defaults."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2237
msgid ""
"When you use the context to connect to a server, :const:`CERT_REQUIRED` and :"
"attr:`~SSLContext.check_hostname` validate the server certificate: it "
"ensures that the server certificate was signed with one of the CA "
"certificates, checks the signature for correctness, and verifies other "
"properties like validity and identity of the hostname::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2247
msgid "You may then fetch the certificate::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2251
msgid ""
"Visual inspection shows that the certificate does identify the desired "
"service (that is, the HTTPS host ``www.python.org``)::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2294
msgid ""
"Now the SSL channel is established and the certificate verified, you can "
"proceed to talk with the server::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2321
msgid "Server-side operation"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2323
msgid ""
"For server operation, typically you'll need to have a server certificate, "
"and private key, each in a file. You'll first create a context holding the "
"key and the certificate, so that clients can check your authenticity. Then "
"you'll open a socket, bind it to a port, call :meth:`listen` on it, and "
"start waiting for clients to connect::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2338
msgid ""
"When a client connects, you'll call :meth:`accept` on the socket to get the "
"new socket from the other end, and use the context's :meth:`SSLContext."
"wrap_socket` method to create a server-side SSL socket for the connection::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2351
msgid ""
"Then you'll read data from the ``connstream`` and do something with it till "
"you are finished with the client (or the client is finished with you)::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2365
msgid ""
"And go back to listening for new client connections (of course, a real "
"server would probably handle each client connection in a separate thread, or "
"put the sockets in :ref:`non-blocking mode <ssl-nonblocking>` and use an "
"event loop)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2373
msgid "Notes on non-blocking sockets"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2375
msgid ""
"SSL sockets behave slightly different than regular sockets in non-blocking "
"mode. When working with non-blocking sockets, there are thus several things "
"you need to be aware of:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2379
msgid ""
"Most :class:`SSLSocket` methods will raise either :exc:`SSLWantWriteError` "
"or :exc:`SSLWantReadError` instead of :exc:`BlockingIOError` if an I/O "
"operation would block. :exc:`SSLWantReadError` will be raised if a read "
"operation on the underlying socket is necessary, and :exc:"
"`SSLWantWriteError` for a write operation on the underlying socket. Note "
"that attempts to *write* to an SSL socket may require *reading* from the "
"underlying socket first, and attempts to *read* from the SSL socket may "
"require a prior *write* to the underlying socket."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2391
msgid ""
"In earlier Python versions, the :meth:`!SSLSocket.send` method returned zero "
"instead of raising :exc:`SSLWantWriteError` or :exc:`SSLWantReadError`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2395
msgid ""
"Calling :func:`~select.select` tells you that the OS-level socket can be "
"read from (or written to), but it does not imply that there is sufficient "
"data at the upper SSL layer. For example, only part of an SSL frame might "
"have arrived. Therefore, you must be ready to handle :meth:`SSLSocket.recv` "
"and :meth:`SSLSocket.send` failures, and retry after another call to :func:"
"`~select.select`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2402
msgid ""
"Conversely, since the SSL layer has its own framing, a SSL socket may still "
"have data available for reading without :func:`~select.select` being aware "
"of it. Therefore, you should first call :meth:`SSLSocket.recv` to drain any "
"potentially available data, and then only block on a :func:`~select.select` "
"call if still necessary."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2408
msgid ""
"(of course, similar provisions apply when using other primitives such as :"
"func:`~select.poll`, or those in the :mod:`selectors` module)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2411
msgid ""
"The SSL handshake itself will be non-blocking: the :meth:`SSLSocket."
"do_handshake` method has to be retried until it returns successfully. Here "
"is a synopsis using :func:`~select.select` to wait for the socket's "
"readiness::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2427
msgid ""
"The :mod:`asyncio` module supports :ref:`non-blocking SSL sockets <ssl-"
"nonblocking>` and provides a higher level API. It polls for events using "
"the :mod:`selectors` module and handles :exc:`SSLWantWriteError`, :exc:"
"`SSLWantReadError` and :exc:`BlockingIOError` exceptions. It runs the SSL "
"handshake asynchronously as well."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2436
msgid "Memory BIO Support"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2440
msgid ""
"Ever since the SSL module was introduced in Python 2.6, the :class:"
"`SSLSocket` class has provided two related but distinct areas of "
"functionality:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2443
msgid "SSL protocol handling"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2444
msgid "Network IO"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2446
msgid ""
"The network IO API is identical to that provided by :class:`socket.socket`, "
"from which :class:`SSLSocket` also inherits. This allows an SSL socket to be "
"used as a drop-in replacement for a regular socket, making it very easy to "
"add SSL support to an existing application."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2451
msgid ""
"Combining SSL protocol handling and network IO usually works well, but there "
"are some cases where it doesn't. An example is async IO frameworks that want "
"to use a different IO multiplexing model than the \"select/poll on a file "
"descriptor\" (readiness based) model that is assumed by :class:`socket."
"socket` and by the internal OpenSSL socket IO routines. This is mostly "
"relevant for platforms like Windows where this model is not efficient. For "
"this purpose, a reduced scope variant of :class:`SSLSocket` called :class:"
"`SSLObject` is provided."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2462
msgid ""
"A reduced-scope variant of :class:`SSLSocket` representing an SSL protocol "
"instance that does not contain any network IO methods. This class is "
"typically used by framework authors that want to implement asynchronous IO "
"for SSL through memory buffers."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2467
msgid ""
"This class implements an interface on top of a low-level SSL object as "
"implemented by OpenSSL. This object captures the state of an SSL connection "
"but does not provide any network IO itself. IO needs to be performed through "
"separate \"BIO\" objects which are OpenSSL's IO abstraction layer."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2472
msgid ""
"This class has no public constructor. An :class:`SSLObject` instance must "
"be created using the :meth:`~SSLContext.wrap_bio` method. This method will "
"create the :class:`SSLObject` instance and bind it to a pair of BIOs. The "
"*incoming* BIO is used to pass data from Python to the SSL protocol "
"instance, while the *outgoing* BIO is used to pass data the other way around."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2479
msgid "The following methods are available:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2481
msgid ":attr:`~SSLSocket.context`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2482
msgid ":attr:`~SSLSocket.server_side`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2483
msgid ":attr:`~SSLSocket.server_hostname`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2484
msgid ":attr:`~SSLSocket.session`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2485
msgid ":attr:`~SSLSocket.session_reused`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2486
msgid ":meth:`~SSLSocket.read`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2487
msgid ":meth:`~SSLSocket.write`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2488
msgid ":meth:`~SSLSocket.getpeercert`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2489
msgid ":meth:`~SSLSocket.selected_npn_protocol`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2490
msgid ":meth:`~SSLSocket.cipher`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2491
msgid ":meth:`~SSLSocket.shared_ciphers`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2492
msgid ":meth:`~SSLSocket.compression`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2493
msgid ":meth:`~SSLSocket.pending`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2494
msgid ":meth:`~SSLSocket.do_handshake`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2495
msgid ":meth:`~SSLSocket.unwrap`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2496
msgid ":meth:`~SSLSocket.get_channel_binding`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2498
msgid ""
"When compared to :class:`SSLSocket`, this object lacks the following "
"features:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2501
msgid ""
"Any form of network IO; ``recv()`` and ``send()`` read and write only to the "
"underlying :class:`MemoryBIO` buffers."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2504
msgid ""
"There is no *do_handshake_on_connect* machinery. You must always manually "
"call :meth:`~SSLSocket.do_handshake` to start the handshake."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2507
msgid ""
"There is no handling of *suppress_ragged_eofs*. All end-of-file conditions "
"that are in violation of the protocol are reported via the :exc:"
"`SSLEOFError` exception."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2511
msgid ""
"The method :meth:`~SSLSocket.unwrap` call does not return anything, unlike "
"for an SSL socket where it returns the underlying socket."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2514
msgid ""
"The *server_name_callback* callback passed to :meth:`SSLContext."
"set_servername_callback` will get an :class:`SSLObject` instance instead of "
"a :class:`SSLSocket` instance as its first parameter."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2518
msgid "Some notes related to the use of :class:`SSLObject`:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2520
msgid ""
"All IO on an :class:`SSLObject` is :ref:`non-blocking <ssl-nonblocking>`. "
"This means that for example :meth:`~SSLSocket.read` will raise an :exc:"
"`SSLWantReadError` if it needs more data than the incoming BIO has available."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2525
msgid ""
"There is no module-level ``wrap_bio()`` call like there is for :meth:"
"`~SSLContext.wrap_socket`. An :class:`SSLObject` is always created via an :"
"class:`SSLContext`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2529
msgid ""
":class:`SSLObject` instances must to created with :meth:`~SSLContext."
"wrap_bio`. In earlier versions, it was possible to create instances "
"directly. This was never documented or officially supported."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2535
msgid ""
"An SSLObject communicates with the outside world using memory buffers. The "
"class :class:`MemoryBIO` provides a memory buffer that can be used for this "
"purpose. It wraps an OpenSSL memory BIO (Basic IO) object:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2541
msgid ""
"A memory buffer that can be used to pass data between Python and an SSL "
"protocol instance."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2546
msgid "Return the number of bytes currently in the memory buffer."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2550
msgid ""
"A boolean indicating whether the memory BIO is current at the end-of-file "
"position."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2555
msgid ""
"Read up to *n* bytes from the memory buffer. If *n* is not specified or "
"negative, all bytes are returned."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2560
msgid ""
"Write the bytes from *buf* to the memory BIO. The *buf* argument must be an "
"object supporting the buffer protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2563
msgid ""
"The return value is the number of bytes written, which is always equal to "
"the length of *buf*."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2568
msgid ""
"Write an EOF marker to the memory BIO. After this method has been called, it "
"is illegal to call :meth:`~MemoryBIO.write`. The attribute :attr:`eof` will "
"become true after all data currently in the buffer has been read."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2574
msgid "SSL session"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2580
msgid "Session object used by :attr:`~SSLSocket.session`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2592
msgid "Security considerations"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2595
msgid "Best defaults"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2597
msgid ""
"For **client use**, if you don't have any special requirements for your "
"security policy, it is highly recommended that you use the :func:"
"`create_default_context` function to create your SSL context. It will load "
"the system's trusted CA certificates, enable certificate validation and "
"hostname checking, and try to choose reasonably secure protocol and cipher "
"settings."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2604
msgid ""
"For example, here is how you would use the :class:`smtplib.SMTP` class to "
"create a trusted, secure connection to a SMTP server::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2613
msgid ""
"If a client certificate is needed for the connection, it can be added with :"
"meth:`SSLContext.load_cert_chain`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2616
msgid ""
"By contrast, if you create the SSL context by calling the :class:"
"`SSLContext` constructor yourself, it will not have certificate validation "
"nor hostname checking enabled by default. If you do so, please read the "
"paragraphs below to achieve a good security level."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2622
msgid "Manual settings"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2625
msgid "Verifying certificates"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2627
msgid ""
"When calling the :class:`SSLContext` constructor directly, :const:"
"`CERT_NONE` is the default. Since it does not authenticate the other peer, "
"it can be insecure, especially in client mode where most of time you would "
"like to ensure the authenticity of the server you're talking to. Therefore, "
"when in client mode, it is highly recommended to use :const:"
"`CERT_REQUIRED`. However, it is in itself not sufficient; you also have to "
"check that the server certificate, which can be obtained by calling :meth:"
"`SSLSocket.getpeercert`, matches the desired service. For many protocols "
"and applications, the service can be identified by the hostname; in this "
"case, the :func:`match_hostname` function can be used. This common check is "
"automatically performed when :attr:`SSLContext.check_hostname` is enabled."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2640
msgid ""
"Hostname matchings is now performed by OpenSSL. Python no longer uses :func:"
"`match_hostname`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2644
msgid ""
"In server mode, if you want to authenticate your clients using the SSL layer "
"(rather than using a higher-level authentication mechanism), you'll also "
"have to specify :const:`CERT_REQUIRED` and similarly check the client "
"certificate."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2650
msgid "Protocol versions"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2652
msgid ""
"SSL versions 2 and 3 are considered insecure and are therefore dangerous to "
"use. If you want maximum compatibility between clients and servers, it is "
"recommended to use :const:`PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT` or :const:"
"`PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER` as the protocol version. SSLv2 and SSLv3 are disabled "
"by default."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2665
msgid ""
"The SSL context created above will only allow TLSv1.2 and later (if "
"supported by your system) connections to a server. :const:"
"`PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT` implies certificate validation and hostname checks by "
"default. You have to load certificates into the context."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2672
msgid "Cipher selection"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2674
msgid ""
"If you have advanced security requirements, fine-tuning of the ciphers "
"enabled when negotiating a SSL session is possible through the :meth:"
"`SSLContext.set_ciphers` method. Starting from Python 3.2.3, the ssl module "
"disables certain weak ciphers by default, but you may want to further "
"restrict the cipher choice. Be sure to read OpenSSL's documentation about "
"the `cipher list format <https://www.openssl.org/docs/manmaster/man1/ciphers."
"html#CIPHER-LIST-FORMAT>`_. If you want to check which ciphers are enabled "
"by a given cipher list, use :meth:`SSLContext.get_ciphers` or the ``openssl "
"ciphers`` command on your system."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2685
msgid "Multi-processing"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2687
msgid ""
"If using this module as part of a multi-processed application (using, for "
"example the :mod:`multiprocessing` or :mod:`concurrent.futures` modules), be "
"aware that OpenSSL's internal random number generator does not properly "
"handle forked processes. Applications must change the PRNG state of the "
"parent process if they use any SSL feature with :func:`os.fork`. Any "
"successful call of :func:`~ssl.RAND_add`, :func:`~ssl.RAND_bytes` or :func:"
"`~ssl.RAND_pseudo_bytes` is sufficient."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2699
msgid "TLS 1.3"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2703
msgid ""
"Python has provisional and experimental support for TLS 1.3 with OpenSSL "
"1.1.1. The new protocol behaves slightly differently than previous version "
"of TLS/SSL. Some new TLS 1.3 features are not yet available."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2707
msgid ""
"TLS 1.3 uses a disjunct set of cipher suites. All AES-GCM and ChaCha20 "
"cipher suites are enabled by default. The method :meth:`SSLContext."
"set_ciphers` cannot enable or disable any TLS 1.3 ciphers yet, but :meth:"
"`SSLContext.get_ciphers` returns them."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2711
msgid ""
"Session tickets are no longer sent as part of the initial handshake and are "
"handled differently. :attr:`SSLSocket.session` and :class:`SSLSession` are "
"not compatible with TLS 1.3."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2714
msgid ""
"Client-side certificates are also no longer verified during the initial "
"handshake. A server can request a certificate at any time. Clients process "
"certificate requests while they send or receive application data from the "
"server."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2718
msgid ""
"TLS 1.3 features like early data, deferred TLS client cert request, "
"signature algorithm configuration, and rekeying are not supported yet."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2725
msgid "LibreSSL support"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2727
msgid ""
"LibreSSL is a fork of OpenSSL 1.0.1. The ssl module has limited support for "
"LibreSSL. Some features are not available when the ssl module is compiled "
"with LibreSSL."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2731
msgid ""
"LibreSSL >= 2.6.1 no longer supports NPN. The methods :meth:`SSLContext."
"set_npn_protocols` and :meth:`SSLSocket.selected_npn_protocol` are not "
"available."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2734
msgid ""
":meth:`SSLContext.set_default_verify_paths` ignores the env vars :envvar:"
"`SSL_CERT_FILE` and :envvar:`SSL_CERT_PATH` although :func:"
"`get_default_verify_paths` still reports them."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2742
msgid "Class :class:`socket.socket`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2742
msgid "Documentation of underlying :mod:`socket` class"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2745
msgid ""
"`SSL/TLS Strong Encryption: An Introduction <https://httpd.apache.org/docs/"
"trunk/en/ssl/ssl_intro.html>`_"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2745
msgid "Intro from the Apache HTTP Server documentation"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2748
msgid ""
":rfc:`RFC 1422: Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail: Part II: "
"Certificate-Based Key Management <1422>`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2748
msgid "Steve Kent"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2751
msgid ":rfc:`RFC 4086: Randomness Requirements for Security <4086>`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2751
msgid "Donald E., Jeffrey I. Schiller"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2754
msgid ""
":rfc:`RFC 5280: Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and "
"Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile <5280>`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2754
msgid "D. Cooper"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2757
msgid ""
":rfc:`RFC 5246: The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.2 "
"<5246>`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2757
msgid "T. Dierks et. al."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2760
msgid ":rfc:`RFC 6066: Transport Layer Security (TLS) Extensions <6066>`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2760
msgid "D. Eastlake"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2763
msgid ""
"`IANA TLS: Transport Layer Security (TLS) Parameters <https://www.iana.org/"
"assignments/tls-parameters/tls-parameters.xml>`_"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2763
msgid "IANA"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2766
msgid ""
":rfc:`RFC 7525: Recommendations for Secure Use of Transport Layer Security "
"(TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) <7525>`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2766
msgid "IETF"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2768
msgid ""
"`Mozilla's Server Side TLS recommendations <https://wiki.mozilla.org/"
"Security/Server_Side_TLS>`_"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ssl.rst:2769
msgid "Mozilla"
msgstr ""
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