python-docs-fr/whatsnew/3.8.po
Jules Lasne (jlasne) dcd871ae78
Make merge (#894)
2019-10-09 18:10:12 +02:00

2483 lines
84 KiB
Plaintext
Raw Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

# Copyright (C) 2001-2018, Python Software Foundation
# For licence information, see README file.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.8\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-10-09 17:54+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-09-04 11:41+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: FRENCH <traductions@lists.afpy.org>\n"
"Language: fr\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:3
msgid "What's New In Python 3.8"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:0
msgid "Editor"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:45
msgid "Raymond Hettinger"
msgstr "Raymond Hettinger"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:47
msgid ""
"This article explains the new features in Python 3.8, compared to 3.7. For "
"full details, see the :ref:`changelog <changelog>`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:50
msgid ""
"Prerelease users should be aware that this document is currently in draft "
"form. It will be updated as Python 3.8 moves towards release, so it's worth "
"checking back even after reading earlier versions. Some notable items not "
"yet covered are:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:55
msgid ":pep:`578` - Runtime audit hooks for potentially sensitive operations"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:56
msgid "``python -m asyncio`` runs a natively async REPL"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:68
msgid "Summary -- Release highlights"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:79
msgid "New Features"
msgstr "Nouvelles fonctionnalités"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:82
msgid "Assignment expressions"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:84
msgid ""
"There is new syntax ``:=`` that assigns values to variables as part of a "
"larger expression. It is affectionately known as \"walrus operator\" due to "
"its resemblance to `the eyes and tusks of a walrus <https://en.wikipedia.org/"
"wiki/Walrus#/media/File:Pacific_Walrus_-_Bull_(8247646168).jpg>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:89
msgid ""
"In this example, the assignment expression helps avoid calling :func:`len` "
"twice::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:95
msgid ""
"A similar benefit arises during regular expression matching where match "
"objects are needed twice, once to test whether a match occurred and another "
"to extract a subgroup::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:103
msgid ""
"The operator is also useful with while-loops that compute a value to test "
"loop termination and then need that same value again in the body of the "
"loop::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:111
msgid ""
"Another motivating use case arises in list comprehensions where a value "
"computed in a filtering condition is also needed in the expression body::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:118
msgid ""
"Try to limit use of the walrus operator to clean cases that reduce "
"complexity and improve readability."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:121
msgid "See :pep:`572` for a full description."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:123
msgid "(Contributed by Emily Morehouse in :issue:`35224`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:127
msgid "Positional-only parameters"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:129
msgid ""
"There is a new function parameter syntax ``/`` to indicate that some "
"function parameters must be specified positionally and cannot be used as "
"keyword arguments. This is the same notation shown by ``help()`` for C "
"functions annotated with Larry Hastings' `Argument Clinic <https://docs."
"python.org/3/howto/clinic.html>`_ tool."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:135
msgid ""
"In the following example, parameters *a* and *b* are positional-only, while "
"*c* or *d* can be positional or keyword, and *e* or *f* are required to be "
"keywords::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:142
msgid "The following is a valid call::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:146
msgid "However, these are invalid calls::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:151
msgid ""
"One use case for this notation is that it allows pure Python functions to "
"fully emulate behaviors of existing C coded functions. For example, the "
"built-in :func:`pow` function does not accept keyword arguments::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:160
msgid ""
"Another use case is to preclude keyword arguments when the parameter name is "
"not helpful. For example, the builtin :func:`len` function has the "
"signature ``len(obj, /)``. This precludes awkward calls such as::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:166
msgid ""
"A further benefit of marking a parameter as positional-only is that it "
"allows the parameter name to be changed in the future without risk of "
"breaking client code. For example, in the :mod:`statistics` module, the "
"parameter name *dist* may be changed in the future. This was made possible "
"with the following function specification::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:175
msgid ""
"Since the parameters to the left of ``/`` are not exposed as possible "
"keywords, the parameters names remain available for use in ``**kwargs``::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:184
msgid ""
"This greatly simplifies the implementation of functions and methods that "
"need to accept arbitrary keyword arguments. For example, here is an except "
"from code in the :mod:`collections` module::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:193
msgid "See :pep:`570` for a full description."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:195
msgid "(Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`36540`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:201
msgid "Parallel filesystem cache for compiled bytecode files"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:203
msgid ""
"The new :envvar:`PYTHONPYCACHEPREFIX` setting (also available as :option:`-"
"X` ``pycache_prefix``) configures the implicit bytecode cache to use a "
"separate parallel filesystem tree, rather than the default ``__pycache__`` "
"subdirectories within each source directory."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:209
msgid ""
"The location of the cache is reported in :data:`sys.pycache_prefix` (:const:"
"`None` indicates the default location in ``__pycache__`` subdirectories)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:213
msgid "(Contributed by Carl Meyer in :issue:`33499`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:216
msgid "Debug build uses the same ABI as release build"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:218
msgid ""
"Python now uses the same ABI whether it built in release or debug mode. On "
"Unix, when Python is built in debug mode, it is now possible to load C "
"extensions built in release mode and C extensions built using the stable ABI."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:222
msgid ""
"Release builds and debug builds are now ABI compatible: defining the "
"``Py_DEBUG`` macro no longer implies the ``Py_TRACE_REFS`` macro, which "
"introduces the only ABI incompatibility. The ``Py_TRACE_REFS`` macro, which "
"adds the :func:`sys.getobjects` function and the :envvar:`PYTHONDUMPREFS` "
"environment variable, can be set using the new ``./configure --with-trace-"
"refs`` build option. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36465`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:230
msgid ""
"On Unix, C extensions are no longer linked to libpython except on Android "
"and Cygwin. It is now possible for a statically linked Python to load a C "
"extension built using a shared library Python. (Contributed by Victor "
"Stinner in :issue:`21536`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:237
msgid ""
"On Unix, when Python is built in debug mode, import now also looks for C "
"extensions compiled in release mode and for C extensions compiled with the "
"stable ABI. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36722`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:242
msgid ""
"To embed Python into an application, a new ``--embed`` option must be passed "
"to ``python3-config --libs --embed`` to get ``-lpython3.8`` (link the "
"application to libpython). To support both 3.8 and older, try ``python3-"
"config --libs --embed`` first and fallback to ``python3-config --libs`` "
"(without ``--embed``) if the previous command fails."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:248
msgid ""
"Add a pkg-config ``python-3.8-embed`` module to embed Python into an "
"application: ``pkg-config python-3.8-embed --libs`` includes ``-"
"lpython3.8``. To support both 3.8 and older, try ``pkg-config python-X.Y-"
"embed --libs`` first and fallback to ``pkg-config python-X.Y --libs`` "
"(without ``--embed``) if the previous command fails (replace ``X.Y`` with "
"the Python version)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:254
msgid ""
"On the other hand, ``pkg-config python3.8 --libs`` no longer contains ``-"
"lpython3.8``. C extensions must not be linked to libpython (except on "
"Android and Cygwin, whose cases are handled by the script); this change is "
"backward incompatible on purpose. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:"
"`36721`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:262
msgid "f-strings support ``=`` for self-documenting expressions and debugging"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:264
msgid ""
"Added an ``=`` specifier to :term:`f-string`\\s. An f-string such as "
"``f'{expr=}'`` will expand to the text of the expression, an equal sign, "
"then the representation of the evaluated expression. For example:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:273
msgid ""
"The usual :ref:`f-string format specifiers <f-strings>` allow more control "
"over how the result of the expression is displayed::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:280
msgid ""
"The ``=`` specifier will display the whole expression so that calculations "
"can be shown::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:286
msgid "(Contributed by Eric V. Smith and Larry Hastings in :issue:`36817`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:289
msgid "PEP 587: Python Initialization Configuration"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:291
msgid ""
"The :pep:`587` adds a new C API to configure the Python Initialization "
"providing finer control on the whole configuration and better error "
"reporting."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:294
msgid "New structures:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:296
msgid ":c:type:`PyConfig`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:297
msgid ":c:type:`PyPreConfig`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:298
msgid ":c:type:`PyStatus`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:299
msgid ":c:type:`PyWideStringList`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:301
msgid "New functions:"
msgstr "Nouvelles fonctions :"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:303
msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_Clear`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:304
msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:305
msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_InitPythonConfig`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:306
msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_Read`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:307
msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetArgv`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:308
msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetBytesArgv`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:309
msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetBytesString`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:310
msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetString`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:311
msgid ":c:func:`PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:312
msgid ":c:func:`PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:313
msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_Error`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:314
msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_Exception`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:315
msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_Exit`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:316
msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_IsError`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:317
msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_IsExit`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:318
msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_NoMemory`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:319
msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_Ok`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:320
msgid ":c:func:`PyWideStringList_Append`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:321
msgid ":c:func:`PyWideStringList_Insert`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:322
msgid ":c:func:`Py_BytesMain`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:323
msgid ":c:func:`Py_ExitStatusException`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:324
msgid ":c:func:`Py_InitializeFromConfig`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:325
msgid ":c:func:`Py_PreInitialize`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:326
msgid ":c:func:`Py_PreInitializeFromArgs`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:327
msgid ":c:func:`Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:328
msgid ":c:func:`Py_RunMain`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:330
msgid ""
"This PEP also adds ``_PyRuntimeState.preconfig`` (:c:type:`PyPreConfig` "
"type) and ``PyInterpreterState.config`` (:c:type:`PyConfig` type) fields to "
"these internal structures. ``PyInterpreterState.config`` becomes the new "
"reference configuration, replacing global configuration variables and other "
"private variables."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:336
msgid ""
"See :ref:`Python Initialization Configuration <init-config>` for the "
"documentation."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:339
msgid "See :pep:`587` for a full description."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:341
msgid "(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36763`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:345
msgid "Vectorcall: a fast calling protocol for CPython"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:347
msgid ""
"The \"vectorcall\" protocol is added to the Python/C API. It is meant to "
"formalize existing optimizations which were already done for various "
"classes. Any extension type implementing a callable can use this protocol."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:352
msgid ""
"This is currently provisional, the aim is to make it fully public in Python "
"3.9."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:355
msgid "See :pep:`590` for a full description."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:357
msgid "(Contributed by Jeroen Demeyer and Mark Shannon in :issue:`36974`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:361
msgid "Pickle protocol 5 with out-of-band data buffers"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:363
msgid ""
"When :mod:`pickle` is used to transfer large data between Python processes "
"in order to take advantage of multi-core or multi-machine processing, it is "
"important to optimize the transfer by reducing memory copies, and possibly "
"by applying custom techniques such as data-dependent compression."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:368
msgid ""
"The :mod:`pickle` protocol 5 introduces support for out-of-band buffers "
"where :pep:`3118`-compatible data can be transmitted separately from the "
"main pickle stream, at the discretion of the communication layer."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:372
msgid "See :pep:`574` for a full description."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:374
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`36785`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:378
msgid "Other Language Changes"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:380
msgid ""
"A :keyword:`continue` statement was illegal in the :keyword:`finally` clause "
"due to a problem with the implementation. In Python 3.8 this restriction "
"was lifted. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`32489`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:385
msgid ""
"The :class:`bool`, :class:`int`, and :class:`fractions.Fraction` types now "
"have an :meth:`~int.as_integer_ratio` method like that found in :class:"
"`float` and :class:`decimal.Decimal`. This minor API extension makes it "
"possible to write ``numerator, denominator = x.as_integer_ratio()`` and have "
"it work across multiple numeric types. (Contributed by Lisa Roach in :issue:"
"`33073` and Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`37819`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:393
msgid ""
"Constructors of :class:`int`, :class:`float` and :class:`complex` will now "
"use the :meth:`~object.__index__` special method, if available and the "
"corresponding method :meth:`~object.__int__`, :meth:`~object.__float__` or :"
"meth:`~object.__complex__` is not available. (Contributed by Serhiy "
"Storchaka in :issue:`20092`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:399
msgid ""
"Added support of ``\\N{name}`` escapes in :mod:`regular expressions <re>`::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:406
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Jonathan Eunice and Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`30688`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:408
msgid ""
"Dict and dictviews are now iterable in reversed insertion order using :func:"
"`reversed`. (Contributed by Rémi Lapeyre in :issue:`33462`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:411
msgid ""
"The syntax allowed for keyword names in function calls was further "
"restricted. In particular, ``f((keyword)=arg)`` is no longer allowed. It was "
"never intended to permit more than a bare name on the left-hand side of a "
"keyword argument assignment term. See :issue:`34641`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:416
msgid ""
"Generalized iterable unpacking in :keyword:`yield` and :keyword:`return` "
"statements no longer requires enclosing parentheses. This brings the *yield* "
"and *return* syntax into better agreement with normal assignment syntax::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:429
msgid "(Contributed by David Cuthbert and Jordan Chapman in :issue:`32117`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:431
msgid ""
"When a comma is missed in code such as ``[(10, 20) (30, 40)]``, the compiler "
"displays a :exc:`SyntaxWarning` with a helpful suggestion. This improves on "
"just having a :exc:`TypeError` indicating that the first tuple was not "
"callable. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`15248`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:437
msgid ""
"Arithmetic operations between subclasses of :class:`datetime.date` or :class:"
"`datetime.datetime` and :class:`datetime.timedelta` objects now return an "
"instance of the subclass, rather than the base class. This also affects the "
"return type of operations whose implementation (directly or indirectly) "
"uses :class:`datetime.timedelta` arithmetic, such as :meth:`datetime."
"datetime.astimezone`. (Contributed by Paul Ganssle in :issue:`32417`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:445
msgid ""
"When the Python interpreter is interrupted by Ctrl-C (SIGINT) and the "
"resulting :exc:`KeyboardInterrupt` exception is not caught, the Python "
"process now exits via a SIGINT signal or with the correct exit code such "
"that the calling process can detect that it died due to a Ctrl-C. Shells on "
"POSIX and Windows use this to properly terminate scripts in interactive "
"sessions. (Contributed by Google via Gregory P. Smith in :issue:`1054041`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:452
msgid ""
"Some advanced styles of programming require updating the :class:`types."
"CodeType` object for an existing function. Since code objects are "
"immutable, a new code object needs to be created, one that is modeled on the "
"existing code object. With 19 parameters, this was somewhat tedious. Now, "
"the new ``replace()`` method makes it possible to create a clone with a few "
"altered parameters."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:459
msgid ""
"Here's an example that alters the :func:`statistics.mean` function to "
"prevent the *data* parameter from being used as a keyword argument::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:471
msgid "(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`37032`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:473
msgid ""
"For integers, the three-argument form of the :func:`pow` function now "
"permits the exponent to be negative in the case where the base is relatively "
"prime to the modulus. It then computes a modular inverse to the base when "
"the exponent is ``-1``, and a suitable power of that inverse for other "
"negative exponents. For example, to compute the `modular multiplicative "
"inverse <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_multiplicative_inverse>`_ of "
"38 modulo 137, write::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:487
msgid ""
"Modular inverses arise in the solution of `linear Diophantine equations "
"<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diophantine_equation>`_. For example, to find "
"integer solutions for ``4258𝑥 + 147𝑦 = 369``, first rewrite as ``4258𝑥 ≡ 369 "
"(mod 147)`` then solve:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:497
msgid "(Contributed by Mark Dickinson in :issue:`36027`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:499
msgid ""
"Dict comprehensions have been synced-up with dict literals so that the key "
"is computed first and the value second::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:514
msgid ""
"The guaranteed execution order is helpful with assignment expressions "
"because variables assigned in the key expression will be available in the "
"value expression::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:526
msgid "New Modules"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:528
msgid ""
"The new :mod:`importlib.metadata` module provides (provisional) support for "
"reading metadata from third-party packages. For example, it can extract an "
"installed package's version number, list of entry points, and more::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:547
msgid "(Contributed in :issue:`34632` by Barry Warsaw and Jason R. Coombs.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:551
msgid "Improved Modules"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:555
msgid "ast"
msgstr "ast"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:557
msgid ""
"AST nodes now have ``end_lineno`` and ``end_col_offset`` attributes, which "
"give the precise location of the end of the node. (This only applies to "
"nodes that have ``lineno`` and ``col_offset`` attributes.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:561
msgid "The :func:`ast.parse` function has some new flags:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:563
msgid ""
"``type_comments=True`` causes it to return the text of :pep:`484` and :pep:"
"`526` type comments associated with certain AST nodes;"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:566
msgid ""
"``mode='func_type'`` can be used to parse :pep:`484` \"signature type "
"comments\" (returned for function definition AST nodes);"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:569
msgid ""
"``feature_version=(3, N)`` allows specifying an earlier Python 3 version. "
"(For example, ``feature_version=(3, 4)`` will treat ``async`` and ``await`` "
"as non-reserved words.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:573
msgid ""
"New function :func:`ast.get_source_segment` returns the source code for a "
"specific AST node."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:578
msgid "asyncio"
msgstr "asyncio"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:580
msgid ""
"On Windows, the default event loop is now :class:`~asyncio."
"ProactorEventLoop`. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`34687`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:583
msgid ""
":class:`~asyncio.ProactorEventLoop` now also supports UDP. (Contributed by "
"Adam Meily and Andrew Svetlov in :issue:`29883`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:586
msgid ""
":class:`~asyncio.ProactorEventLoop` can now be interrupted by :exc:"
"`KeyboardInterrupt` (\"CTRL+C\"). (Contributed by Vladimir Matveev in :issue:"
"`23057`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:592
msgid "builtins"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:594
msgid ""
"The :func:`compile` built-in has been improved to accept the ``ast."
"PyCF_ALLOW_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT`` flag. With this new flag passed, :func:"
"`compile` will allow top-level ``await``, ``async for`` and ``async with`` "
"constructs that are usually considered invalid syntax. Asynchronous code "
"object marked with the ``CO_COROUTINE`` flag may then be returned."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:600
msgid "(Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier in :issue:`34616`)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:603
msgid "collections"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:605
msgid ""
"The :meth:`_asdict()` method for :func:`collections.namedtuple` now returns "
"a :class:`dict` instead of a :class:`collections.OrderedDict`. This works "
"because regular dicts have guaranteed ordering since Python 3.7. If the "
"extra features of :class:`OrderedDict` are required, the suggested "
"remediation is to cast the result to the desired type: ``OrderedDict(nt."
"_asdict())``. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`35864`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:614
msgid "ctypes"
msgstr "ctypes"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:616
msgid ""
"On Windows, :class:`~ctypes.CDLL` and subclasses now accept a *winmode* "
"parameter to specify flags for the underlying ``LoadLibraryEx`` call. The "
"default flags are set to only load DLL dependencies from trusted locations, "
"including the path where the DLL is stored (if a full or partial path is "
"used to load the initial DLL) and paths added by :func:`~os."
"add_dll_directory`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:624
msgid "functools"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:626
msgid ""
":func:`functools.lru_cache` can now be used as a straight decorator rather "
"than as a function returning a decorator. So both of these are now "
"supported::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:637
msgid "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`36772`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:641
msgid "datetime"
msgstr "datetime"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:643
msgid ""
"Added new alternate constructors :meth:`datetime.date.fromisocalendar` and :"
"meth:`datetime.datetime.fromisocalendar`, which construct :class:`date` and :"
"class:`datetime` objects respectively from ISO year, week number and "
"weekday; these are the inverse of each class's ``isocalendar`` method. "
"(Contributed by Paul Ganssle in :issue:`36004`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:651
msgid "gettext"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:653
msgid ""
"Added :func:`~gettext.pgettext` and its variants. (Contributed by Franz "
"Glasner, Éric Araujo, and Cheryl Sabella in :issue:`2504`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:658 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:728
msgid "idlelib and IDLE"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:660 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:735
msgid ""
"Output over N lines (50 by default) is squeezed down to a button. N can be "
"changed in the PyShell section of the General page of the Settings dialog. "
"Fewer, but possibly extra long, lines can be squeezed by right clicking on "
"the output. Squeezed output can be expanded in place by double-clicking the "
"button or into the clipboard or a separate window by right-clicking the "
"button. (Contributed by Tal Einat in :issue:`1529353`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:667
msgid ""
"Add \"Run Customized\" to the Run menu to run a module with customized "
"settings. Any command line arguments entered are added to sys.argv. They "
"also re-appear in the box for the next customized run. One can also "
"suppress the normal Shell main module restart. (Contributed by Cheryl "
"Sabella, Terry Jan Reedy, and others in :issue:`5680` and :issue:`37627`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:673
msgid ""
"Add optional line numbers for IDLE editor windows. Windows open without line "
"numbers unless set otherwise in the General tab of the configuration "
"dialog. Line numbers for an existing window are shown and hidden in the "
"Options menu. (Contributed by Tal Einat and Saimadhav Heblikar in :issue:"
"`17535`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:679 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:742
msgid "The changes above have been backported to 3.7 maintenance releases."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:683
msgid "inspect"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:685
msgid ""
"The :func:`inspect.getdoc` function can now find docstrings for "
"``__slots__`` if that attribute is a :class:`dict` where the values are "
"docstrings. This provides documentation options similar to what we already "
"have for :func:`property`, :func:`classmethod`, and :func:`staticmethod`::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:699
msgid "io"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:701
msgid ""
"In development mode (:option:`-X` ``env``) and in debug build, the :class:"
"`io.IOBase` finalizer now logs the exception if the ``close()`` method "
"fails. The exception is ignored silently by default in release build. "
"(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`18748`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:708
msgid "gc"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:710
msgid ""
":func:`~gc.get_objects` can now receive an optional *generation* parameter "
"indicating a generation to get objects from. Contributed in :issue:`36016` "
"by Pablo Galindo."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:716
msgid "gzip"
msgstr "gzip"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:718
msgid ""
"Added the *mtime* parameter to :func:`gzip.compress` for reproducible "
"output. (Contributed by Guo Ci Teo in :issue:`34898`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:721
msgid ""
"A :exc:`~gzip.BadGzipFile` exception is now raised instead of :exc:`OSError` "
"for certain types of invalid or corrupt gzip files. (Contributed by Filip "
"Gruszczyński, Michele Orrù, and Zackery Spytz in :issue:`6584`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:730
msgid ""
"Add optional line numbers for IDLE editor windows. Windows open without line "
"numbers unless set otherwise in the General tab of the configuration dialog. "
"(Contributed by Tal Einat and Saimadhav Heblikar in :issue:`17535`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:746
msgid "json.tool"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:748
msgid ""
"Add option ``--json-lines`` to parse every input line as separate JSON "
"object. (Contributed by Weipeng Hong in :issue:`31553`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:753
msgid "math"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:755
msgid ""
"Added new function :func:`math.dist` for computing Euclidean distance "
"between two points. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`33089`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:758
msgid ""
"Expanded the :func:`math.hypot` function to handle multiple dimensions. "
"Formerly, it only supported the 2-D case. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger "
"in :issue:`33089`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:762
msgid ""
"Added new function, :func:`math.prod`, as analogous function to :func:`sum` "
"that returns the product of a 'start' value (default: 1) times an iterable "
"of numbers::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:771
msgid "(Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`35606`)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:773
msgid ""
"Added new function :func:`math.isqrt` for computing integer square roots. "
"(Contributed by Mark Dickinson in :issue:`36887`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:776
msgid ""
"The function :func:`math.factorial` no longer accepts arguments that are not "
"int-like. (Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`33083`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:781
msgid "mmap"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:783
msgid ""
"The :class:`mmap.mmap` class now has an :meth:`~mmap.mmap.madvise` method to "
"access the ``madvise()`` system call. (Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :"
"issue:`32941`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:789
msgid "multiprocessing"
msgstr "multiprocessing"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:791
msgid ""
"Added new :mod:`multiprocessing.shared_memory` module. (Contributed Davin "
"Potts in :issue:`35813`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:794
msgid ""
"On macOS, the *spawn* start method is now used by default. (Contributed by "
"Victor Stinner in :issue:`33725`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:799
msgid "os"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:801
msgid ""
"Added new function :func:`~os.add_dll_directory` on Windows for providing "
"additional search paths for native dependencies when importing extension "
"modules or loading DLLs using :mod:`ctypes`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:805
msgid ""
"A new :func:`os.memfd_create` function was added to wrap the "
"``memfd_create()`` syscall. (Contributed by Zackery Spytz and Christian "
"Heimes in :issue:`26836`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:809
msgid ""
"On Windows, much of the manual logic for handling reparse points (including "
"symlinks and directory junctions) has been delegated to the operating "
"system. Specifically, :func:`os.stat` will now traverse anything supported "
"by the operating system, while :func:`os.lstat` will only open reparse "
"points that identify as \"name surrogates\" while others are opened as for :"
"func:`os.stat`. In all cases, :attr:`stat_result.st_mode` will only have "
"``S_IFLNK`` set for symbolic links and not other kinds of reparse points. To "
"identify other kinds of reparse point, check the new :attr:`stat_result."
"st_reparse_tag` attribute."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:818
msgid ""
"On Windows, :func:`os.readlink` is now able to read directory junctions. "
"Note that :func:`~os.path.islink` will return ``False`` for directory "
"junctions, and so code that checks ``islink`` first will continue to treat "
"junctions as directories, while code that handles errors from :func:`os."
"readlink` may now treat junctions as links."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:826
msgid "os.path"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:828
msgid ""
":mod:`os.path` functions that return a boolean result like :func:`~os.path."
"exists`, :func:`~os.path.lexists`, :func:`~os.path.isdir`, :func:`~os.path."
"isfile`, :func:`~os.path.islink`, and :func:`~os.path.ismount` now return "
"``False`` instead of raising :exc:`ValueError` or its subclasses :exc:"
"`UnicodeEncodeError` and :exc:`UnicodeDecodeError` for paths that contain "
"characters or bytes unrepresentable at the OS level. (Contributed by Serhiy "
"Storchaka in :issue:`33721`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:836 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1658
msgid ""
":func:`~os.path.expanduser` on Windows now prefers the :envvar:`USERPROFILE` "
"environment variable and does not use :envvar:`HOME`, which is not normally "
"set for regular user accounts."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:840
msgid ""
":func:`~os.path.isdir` on Windows no longer returns true for a link to a non-"
"existent directory."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:843
msgid ""
":func:`~os.path.realpath` on Windows now resolves reparse points, including "
"symlinks and directory junctions."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:848
msgid "ncurses"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:850
msgid ""
"Added a new variable holding structured version information for the "
"underlying ncurses library: :data:`~curses.ncurses_version`. (Contributed by "
"Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`31680`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:856
msgid "pathlib"
msgstr "pathlib"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:858
msgid ""
":mod:`pathlib.Path` methods that return a boolean result like :meth:"
"`~pathlib.Path.exists()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_dir()`, :meth:`~pathlib."
"Path.is_file()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_mount()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path."
"is_symlink()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_block_device()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path."
"is_char_device()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_fifo()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path."
"is_socket()` now return ``False`` instead of raising :exc:`ValueError` or "
"its subclass :exc:`UnicodeEncodeError` for paths that contain characters "
"unrepresentable at the OS level. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:"
"`33721`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:868
msgid ""
"Added :meth:`pathlib.Path.link_to()` which creates a hard link pointing to a "
"path. (Contributed by Joannah Nanjekye in :issue:`26978`)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:874
msgid "pickle"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:876
msgid ""
"Reduction methods can now include a 6th item in the tuple they return. This "
"item should specify a custom state-setting method that's called instead of "
"the regular ``__setstate__`` method. (Contributed by Pierre Glaser and "
"Olivier Grisel in :issue:`35900`)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:881
msgid ""
":mod:`pickle` extensions subclassing the C-optimized :class:`~pickle."
"Pickler` can now override the pickling logic of functions and classes by "
"defining the special :meth:`~pickle.Pickler.reducer_override` method. "
"(Contributed by Pierre Glaser and Olivier Grisel in :issue:`35900`)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:888
msgid "plistlib"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:890
msgid ""
"Added new :class:`plistlib.UID` and enabled support for reading and writing "
"NSKeyedArchiver-encoded binary plists. (Contributed by Jon Janzen in :issue:"
"`26707`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:896
msgid "py_compile"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:898
msgid ""
":func:`py_compile.compile` now supports silent mode. (Contributed by Joannah "
"Nanjekye in :issue:`22640`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:903
msgid "socket"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:905
msgid ""
"Added :meth:`~socket.create_server()` and :meth:`~socket."
"has_dualstack_ipv6()` convenience functions to automate the necessary tasks "
"usually involved when creating a server socket, including accepting both "
"IPv4 and IPv6 connections on the same socket. (Contributed by Giampaolo "
"Rodola in :issue:`17561`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:910
msgid ""
"The :func:`socket.if_nameindex()`, :func:`socket.if_nametoindex()`, and :"
"func:`socket.if_indextoname()` functions have been implemented on Windows. "
"(Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :issue:`37007`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:915
msgid "shlex"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:917
msgid ""
"The new :func:`shlex.join` function acts as the inverse of :func:`shlex."
"split`. (Contributed by Bo Bayles in :issue:`32102`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:921
msgid "shutil"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:923
msgid ""
":func:`shutil.copytree` now accepts a new ``dirs_exist_ok`` keyword "
"argument. (Contributed by Josh Bronson in :issue:`20849`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:926
msgid ""
":func:`shutil.make_archive` now defaults to the modern pax (POSIX.1-2001) "
"format for new archives to improve portability and standards conformance, "
"inherited from the corresponding change to the :mod:`tarfile` module. "
"(Contributed by C.A.M. Gerlach in :issue:`30661`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:931
msgid ""
":func:`shutil.rmtree` on Windows now removes directory junctions without "
"recursively removing their contents first."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:936
msgid "ssl"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:938
msgid ""
"Added :attr:`SSLContext.post_handshake_auth` to enable and :meth:`ssl."
"SSLSocket.verify_client_post_handshake` to initiate TLS 1.3 post-handshake "
"authentication. (Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`34670`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:945
msgid "statistics"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:947
msgid ""
"Added :func:`statistics.fmean` as a faster, floating point variant of :func:"
"`statistics.mean()`. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and Steven D'Aprano "
"in :issue:`35904`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:951
msgid ""
"Added :func:`statistics.geometric_mean()` (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger "
"in :issue:`27181`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:954
msgid ""
"Added :func:`statistics.multimode` that returns a list of the most common "
"values. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`35892`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:957
msgid ""
"Added :func:`statistics.quantiles` that divides data or a distribution in to "
"equiprobable intervals (e.g. quartiles, deciles, or percentiles). "
"(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`36546`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:961
msgid ""
"Added :class:`statistics.NormalDist`, a tool for creating and manipulating "
"normal distributions of a random variable. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger "
"in :issue:`36018`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:991
msgid "sys"
msgstr "sys"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:993
msgid ""
"Add new :func:`sys.unraisablehook` function which can be overridden to "
"control how \"unraisable exceptions\" are handled. It is called when an "
"exception has occurred but there is no way for Python to handle it. For "
"example, when a destructor raises an exception or during garbage collection "
"(:func:`gc.collect`). (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36829`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1002
msgid "tarfile"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1004
msgid ""
"The :mod:`tarfile` module now defaults to the modern pax (POSIX.1-2001) "
"format for new archives, instead of the previous GNU-specific one. This "
"improves cross-platform portability with a consistent encoding (UTF-8) in a "
"standardized and extensible format, and offers several other benefits. "
"(Contributed by C.A.M. Gerlach in :issue:`36268`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1012
msgid "threading"
msgstr "threading"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1014
msgid ""
"Add a new :func:`threading.excepthook` function which handles uncaught :meth:"
"`threading.Thread.run` exception. It can be overridden to control how "
"uncaught :meth:`threading.Thread.run` exceptions are handled. (Contributed "
"by Victor Stinner in :issue:`1230540`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1019
msgid ""
"Add a new :func:`threading.get_native_id` function and a :data:`~threading."
"Thread.native_id` attribute to the :class:`threading.Thread` class. These "
"return the native integral Thread ID of the current thread assigned by the "
"kernel. This feature is only available on certain platforms, see :func:"
"`get_native_id <threading.get_native_id>` for more information. (Contributed "
"by Jake Tesler in :issue:`36084`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1029
msgid "tokenize"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1031
msgid ""
"The :mod:`tokenize` module now implicitly emits a ``NEWLINE`` token when "
"provided with input that does not have a trailing new line. This behavior "
"now matches what the C tokenizer does internally. (Contributed by Ammar "
"Askar in :issue:`33899`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1037
msgid "tkinter"
msgstr "tkinter"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1039
msgid ""
"Added methods :meth:`~tkinter.Spinbox.selection_from`, :meth:`~tkinter."
"Spinbox.selection_present`, :meth:`~tkinter.Spinbox.selection_range` and :"
"meth:`~tkinter.Spinbox.selection_to` in the :class:`tkinter.Spinbox` class. "
"(Contributed by Juliette Monsel in :issue:`34829`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1046
msgid ""
"Added method :meth:`~tkinter.Canvas.moveto` in the :class:`tkinter.Canvas` "
"class. (Contributed by Juliette Monsel in :issue:`23831`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1050
msgid ""
"The :class:`tkinter.PhotoImage` class now has :meth:`~tkinter.PhotoImage."
"transparency_get` and :meth:`~tkinter.PhotoImage.transparency_set` methods. "
"(Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :issue:`25451`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1056
msgid "time"
msgstr "time"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1058
msgid ""
"Added new clock :data:`~time.CLOCK_UPTIME_RAW` for macOS 10.12. (Contributed "
"by Joannah Nanjekye in :issue:`35702`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1063
msgid "typing"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1065
msgid "The :mod:`typing` module incorporates several new features:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1067
msgid ""
"Protocol definitions. See :pep:`544`, :class:`typing.Protocol` and :func:"
"`typing.runtime_checkable`. Simple ABCs like :class:`typing.SupportsInt` "
"are now ``Protocol`` subclasses."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1071
msgid ""
"A dictionary type with per-key types. See :pep:`589` and :class:`typing."
"TypedDict`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1074
msgid "Literal types. See :pep:`586` and :class:`typing.Literal`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1076
msgid ""
"\"Final\" variables, functions, methods and classes. See :pep:`591`, :class:"
"`typing.Final` and :func:`typing.final`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1079
msgid "New protocol class :class:`typing.SupportsIndex`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1081
msgid "New functions :func:`typing.get_origin` and :func:`typing.get_args`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1085
msgid "unicodedata"
msgstr "unicodedata"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1087
msgid ""
"The :mod:`unicodedata` module has been upgraded to use the `Unicode 12.1.0 "
"<http://blog.unicode.org/2019/05/unicode-12-1-en.html>`_ release."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1090
msgid ""
"New function :func:`~unicodedata.is_normalized` can be used to verify a "
"string is in a specific normal form, often much faster than by actually "
"normalizing the string. (Contributed by Max Belanger, David Euresti, and "
"Greg Price in :issue:`32285` and :issue:`37966`)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1097
msgid "unittest"
msgstr "unittest"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1099
msgid ""
"Added :class:`AsyncMock` to support an asynchronous version of :class:"
"`Mock`. Appropriate new assert functions for testing have been added as "
"well. (Contributed by Lisa Roach in :issue:`26467`)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1103
msgid ""
"Added :func:`~unittest.addModuleCleanup()` and :meth:`~unittest.TestCase."
"addClassCleanup()` to unittest to support cleanups for :func:`~unittest."
"setUpModule()` and :meth:`~unittest.TestCase.setUpClass()`. (Contributed by "
"Lisa Roach in :issue:`24412`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1109
msgid ""
"Several mock assert functions now also print a list of actual calls upon "
"failure. (Contributed by Petter Strandmark in :issue:`35047`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1112
msgid ""
":mod:`unittest` module gained support for coroutines to be used as test "
"cases with :class:`unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase`. (Contributed by Andrew "
"Svetlov in :issue:`32972`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1116 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1742
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1759 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1776
msgid "Example::"
msgstr "Exemple ::"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1139
msgid "venv"
msgstr "venv"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1141
msgid ""
":mod:`venv` now includes an ``Activate.ps1`` script on all platforms for "
"activating virtual environments under PowerShell Core 6.1. (Contributed by "
"Brett Cannon in :issue:`32718`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1146
msgid "weakref"
msgstr "weakref"
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1148
msgid ""
"The proxy objects returned by :func:`weakref.proxy` now support the matrix "
"multiplication operators ``@`` and ``@=`` in addition to the other numeric "
"operators. (Contributed by Mark Dickinson in :issue:`36669`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1153
msgid "xml"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1155
msgid ""
"As mitigation against DTD and external entity retrieval, the :mod:`xml.dom."
"minidom` and :mod:`xml.sax` modules no longer process external entities by "
"default. (Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`17239`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1160
msgid ""
"The ``.find*()`` methods in the :mod:`xml.etree.ElementTree` module support "
"wildcard searches like ``{*}tag`` which ignores the namespace and "
"``{namespace}*`` which returns all tags in the given namespace. (Contributed "
"by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`28238`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1165
msgid ""
"The :mod:`xml.etree.ElementTree` module provides a new function :func:`xml."
"etree.ElementTree.canonicalize()` that implements C14N 2.0. (Contributed by "
"Stefan Behnel in :issue:`13611`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1169
msgid ""
"The target object of :class:`xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLParser` can receive "
"namespace declaration events through the new callback methods ``start_ns()`` "
"and ``end_ns()``. Additionally, the :class:`xml.etree.ElementTree."
"TreeBuilder` target can be configured to process events about comments and "
"processing instructions to include them in the generated tree. (Contributed "
"by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`36676` and :issue:`36673`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1178
msgid "Optimizations"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1180
msgid ""
"The :mod:`subprocess` module can now use the :func:`os.posix_spawn` function "
"in some cases for better performance. Currently, it is only used on macOS "
"and Linux (using glibc 2.24 or newer) if all these conditions are met:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1184
msgid "*close_fds* is false;"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1185
msgid ""
"*preexec_fn*, *pass_fds*, *cwd* and *start_new_session* parameters are not "
"set;"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1187
msgid "the *executable* path contains a directory."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1189
msgid "(Contributed by Joannah Nanjekye and Victor Stinner in :issue:`35537`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1191
msgid ""
":func:`shutil.copyfile`, :func:`shutil.copy`, :func:`shutil.copy2`, :func:"
"`shutil.copytree` and :func:`shutil.move` use platform-specific \"fast-copy"
"\" syscalls on Linux and macOS in order to copy the file more efficiently. "
"\"fast-copy\" means that the copying operation occurs within the kernel, "
"avoiding the use of userspace buffers in Python as in \"``outfd.write(infd."
"read())``\". On Windows :func:`shutil.copyfile` uses a bigger default buffer "
"size (1 MiB instead of 16 KiB) and a :func:`memoryview`-based variant of :"
"func:`shutil.copyfileobj` is used. The speedup for copying a 512 MiB file "
"within the same partition is about +26% on Linux, +50% on macOS and +40% on "
"Windows. Also, much less CPU cycles are consumed. See :ref:`shutil-platform-"
"dependent-efficient-copy-operations` section. (Contributed by Giampaolo "
"Rodola' in :issue:`33671`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1207
msgid ""
":func:`shutil.copytree` uses :func:`os.scandir` function and all copy "
"functions depending from it use cached :func:`os.stat` values. The speedup "
"for copying a directory with 8000 files is around +9% on Linux, +20% on "
"Windows and +30% on a Windows SMB share. Also the number of :func:`os.stat` "
"syscalls is reduced by 38% making :func:`shutil.copytree` especially faster "
"on network filesystems. (Contributed by Giampaolo Rodola' in :issue:`33695`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1214
msgid ""
"The default protocol in the :mod:`pickle` module is now Protocol 4, first "
"introduced in Python 3.4. It offers better performance and smaller size "
"compared to Protocol 3 available since Python 3.0."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1218
msgid ""
"Removed one ``Py_ssize_t`` member from ``PyGC_Head``. All GC tracked "
"objects (e.g. tuple, list, dict) size is reduced 4 or 8 bytes. (Contributed "
"by Inada Naoki in :issue:`33597`)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1222
msgid ""
":class:`uuid.UUID` now uses ``__slots__`` to reduce its memory footprint."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1224
msgid ""
"Improved performance of :func:`operator.itemgetter` by 33%. Optimized "
"argument handling and added a fast path for the common case of a single non-"
"negative integer index into a tuple (which is the typical use case in the "
"standard library). (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`35664`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1230
msgid ""
"Sped-up field lookups in :func:`collections.namedtuple`. They are now more "
"than two times faster, making them the fastest form of instance variable "
"lookup in Python. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger, Pablo Galindo, and Joe "
"Jevnik, Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`32492`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1235
msgid ""
"The :class:`list` constructor does not overallocate the internal item buffer "
"if the input iterable has a known length (the input implements ``__len__``). "
"This makes the created list 12% smaller on average. (Contributed by Raymond "
"Hettinger and Pablo Galindo in :issue:`33234`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1240
msgid ""
"Doubled the speed of class variable writes. When a non-dunder attribute was "
"updated, there was an unnecessary call to update slots. (Contributed by "
"Stefan Behnel, Pablo Galindo Salgado, Raymond Hettinger, Neil Schemenauer, "
"and Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`36012`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1245
msgid ""
"Reduced an overhead of converting arguments passed to many builtin functions "
"and methods. This sped up calling some simple builtin functions and methods "
"up to 20--50%. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`23867`, :issue:"
"`35582` and :issue:`36127`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1250
msgid ""
"``LOAD_GLOBAL`` instruction now uses new \"per opcode cache\" mechanism. It "
"is about 40% faster now. (Contributed by Yury Selivanov and Inada Naoki in :"
"issue:`26219`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1256
msgid "Build and C API Changes"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1258
msgid ""
"Default :data:`sys.abiflags` became an empty string: the ``m`` flag for "
"pymalloc became useless (builds with and without pymalloc are ABI "
"compatible) and so has been removed. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :"
"issue:`36707`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1262
msgid "Example of changes:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1264
msgid ""
"Only ``python3.8`` program is installed, ``python3.8m`` program is gone."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1265
msgid ""
"Only ``python3.8-config`` script is installed, ``python3.8m-config`` script "
"is gone."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1267
msgid ""
"The ``m`` flag has been removed from the suffix of dynamic library "
"filenames: extension modules in the standard library as well as those "
"produced and installed by third-party packages, like those downloaded from "
"PyPI. On Linux, for example, the Python 3.7 suffix ``.cpython-37m-x86_64-"
"linux-gnu.so`` became ``.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so`` in Python 3.8."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1274
msgid ""
"The header files have been reorganized to better separate the different "
"kinds of APIs:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1277
msgid "``Include/*.h`` should be the portable public stable C API."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1278
msgid ""
"``Include/cpython/*.h`` should be the unstable C API specific to CPython; "
"public API, with some private API prefixed by ``_Py`` or ``_PY``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1280
msgid ""
"``Include/internal/*.h`` is the private internal C API very specific to "
"CPython. This API comes with no backward compatibility warranty and should "
"not be used outside CPython. It is only exposed for very specific needs like "
"debuggers and profiles which has to access to CPython internals without "
"calling functions. This API is now installed by ``make install``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1286
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`35134` and :issue:`35081`, work "
"initiated by Eric Snow in Python 3.7)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1289
msgid ""
"Some macros have been converted to static inline functions: parameter types "
"and return type are well defined, they don't have issues specific to macros, "
"variables have a local scopes. Examples:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1293
msgid ":c:func:`Py_INCREF`, :c:func:`Py_DECREF`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1294
msgid ":c:func:`Py_XINCREF`, :c:func:`Py_XDECREF`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1295
msgid ":c:func:`PyObject_INIT`, :c:func:`PyObject_INIT_VAR`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1296
msgid ""
"Private functions: :c:func:`_PyObject_GC_TRACK`, :c:func:"
"`_PyObject_GC_UNTRACK`, :c:func:`_Py_Dealloc`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1299
msgid "(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`35059`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1301
msgid ""
"The :c:func:`PyByteArray_Init` and :c:func:`PyByteArray_Fini` functions have "
"been removed. They did nothing since Python 2.7.4 and Python 3.2.0, were "
"excluded from the limited API (stable ABI), and were not documented. "
"(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`35713`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1306
msgid ""
"The result of :c:func:`PyExceptionClass_Name` is now of type ``const char "
"*`` rather of ``char *``. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:"
"`33818`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1310
msgid ""
"The duality of ``Modules/Setup.dist`` and ``Modules/Setup`` has been "
"removed. Previously, when updating the CPython source tree, one had to "
"manually copy ``Modules/Setup.dist`` (inside the source tree) to ``Modules/"
"Setup`` (inside the build tree) in order to reflect any changes upstream. "
"This was of a small benefit to packagers at the expense of a frequent "
"annoyance to developers following CPython development, as forgetting to copy "
"the file could produce build failures."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1318
msgid ""
"Now the build system always reads from ``Modules/Setup`` inside the source "
"tree. People who want to customize that file are encouraged to maintain "
"their changes in a git fork of CPython or as patch files, as they would do "
"for any other change to the source tree."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1323
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`32430`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1325
msgid ""
"Functions that convert Python number to C integer like :c:func:"
"`PyLong_AsLong` and argument parsing functions like :c:func:"
"`PyArg_ParseTuple` with integer converting format units like ``'i'`` will "
"now use the :meth:`~object.__index__` special method instead of :meth:"
"`~object.__int__`, if available. The deprecation warning will be emitted "
"for objects with the ``__int__()`` method but without the ``__index__()`` "
"method (like :class:`~decimal.Decimal` and :class:`~fractions.Fraction`). :"
"c:func:`PyNumber_Check` will now return ``1`` for objects implementing "
"``__index__()``. :c:func:`PyNumber_Long`, :c:func:`PyNumber_Float` and :c:"
"func:`PyFloat_AsDouble` also now use the ``__index__()`` method if "
"available. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`36048` and :issue:"
"`20092`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1339
msgid ""
"Heap-allocated type objects will now increase their reference count in :c:"
"func:`PyObject_Init` (and its parallel macro ``PyObject_INIT``) instead of "
"in :c:func:`PyType_GenericAlloc`. Types that modify instance allocation or "
"deallocation may need to be adjusted. (Contributed by Eddie Elizondo in :"
"issue:`35810`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1345
msgid ""
"The new function :c:func:`PyCode_NewWithPosOnlyArgs` allows to create code "
"objects like :c:func:`PyCode_New`, but with an extra *posonlyargcount* "
"parameter for indicating the number of positional-only arguments. "
"(Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`37221`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1350
msgid ""
":c:func:`Py_SetPath` now sets :data:`sys.executable` to the program full "
"path (:c:func:`Py_GetProgramFullPath`) rather than to the program name (:c:"
"func:`Py_GetProgramName`). (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`38234`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1357
msgid "Deprecated"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1359
msgid ""
"The distutils ``bdist_wininst`` command is now deprecated, use "
"``bdist_wheel`` (wheel packages) instead. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :"
"issue:`37481`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1363
msgid ""
"Deprecated methods ``getchildren()`` and ``getiterator()`` in the :mod:`~xml."
"etree.ElementTree` module emit now a :exc:`DeprecationWarning` instead of :"
"exc:`PendingDeprecationWarning`. They will be removed in Python 3.9. "
"(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`29209`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1369
msgid ""
"Passing an object that is not an instance of :class:`concurrent.futures."
"ThreadPoolExecutor` to :meth:`asyncio.loop.set_default_executor()` is "
"deprecated and will be prohibited in Python 3.9. (Contributed by Elvis "
"Pranskevichus in :issue:`34075`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1375
msgid ""
"The :meth:`__getitem__` methods of :class:`xml.dom.pulldom.DOMEventStream`, :"
"class:`wsgiref.util.FileWrapper` and :class:`fileinput.FileInput` have been "
"deprecated."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1379
msgid ""
"Implementations of these methods have been ignoring their *index* parameter, "
"and returning the next item instead."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1382
msgid "(Contributed by Berker Peksag in :issue:`9372`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1384
msgid ""
"The :class:`typing.NamedTuple` class has deprecated the ``_field_types`` "
"attribute in favor of the ``__annotations__`` attribute which has the same "
"information. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`36320`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1388
msgid ""
":mod:`ast` classes ``Num``, ``Str``, ``Bytes``, ``NameConstant`` and "
"``Ellipsis`` are considered deprecated and will be removed in future Python "
"versions. :class:`~ast.Constant` should be used instead. (Contributed by "
"Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`32892`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1393
msgid ""
":class:`ast.NodeVisitor` methods ``visit_Num()``, ``visit_Str()``, "
"``visit_Bytes()``, ``visit_NameConstant()`` and ``visit_Ellipsis()`` are "
"deprecated now and will not be called in future Python versions. Add the :"
"meth:`~ast.NodeVisitor.visit_Constant` method to handle all constant nodes. "
"(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`36917`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1400
msgid ""
"The following functions and methods are deprecated in the :mod:`gettext` "
"module: :func:`~gettext.lgettext`, :func:`~gettext.ldgettext`, :func:"
"`~gettext.lngettext` and :func:`~gettext.ldngettext`. They return encoded "
"bytes, and it's possible that you will get unexpected Unicode-related "
"exceptions if there are encoding problems with the translated strings. It's "
"much better to use alternatives which return Unicode strings in Python 3. "
"These functions have been broken for a long time."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1408
msgid ""
"Function :func:`~gettext.bind_textdomain_codeset`, methods :meth:`~gettext."
"NullTranslations.output_charset` and :meth:`~gettext.NullTranslations."
"set_output_charset`, and the *codeset* parameter of functions :func:"
"`~gettext.translation` and :func:`~gettext.install` are also deprecated, "
"since they are only used for for the ``l*gettext()`` functions."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1415
msgid "(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`33710`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1417
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~threading.Thread.isAlive()` method of :class:`threading.Thread` "
"has been deprecated. (Contributed by Dong-hee Na in :issue:`35283`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1420
msgid ""
"Many builtin and extension functions that take integer arguments will now "
"emit a deprecation warning for :class:`~decimal.Decimal`\\ s, :class:"
"`~fractions.Fraction`\\ s and any other objects that can be converted to "
"integers only with a loss (e.g. that have the :meth:`~object.__int__` method "
"but do not have the :meth:`~object.__index__` method). In future version "
"they will be errors. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`36048`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1428
msgid "Deprecated passing the following arguments as keyword arguments:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1430
msgid ""
"*func* in :func:`functools.partialmethod`, :func:`weakref.finalize`, :meth:"
"`profile.Profile.runcall`, :meth:`cProfile.Profile.runcall`, :meth:`bdb.Bdb."
"runcall`, :meth:`trace.Trace.runfunc` and :func:`curses.wrapper`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1434
msgid "*function* in :meth:`unittest.TestCase.addCleanup`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1435
msgid ""
"*fn* in the :meth:`~concurrent.futures.Executor.submit` method of :class:"
"`concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor` and :class:`concurrent.futures."
"ProcessPoolExecutor`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1438
msgid ""
"*callback* in :meth:`contextlib.ExitStack.callback`, :meth:`contextlib."
"AsyncExitStack.callback` and :meth:`contextlib.AsyncExitStack."
"push_async_callback`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1441
msgid ""
"*c* and *typeid* in the :meth:`~multiprocessing.managers.Server.create` "
"method of :class:`multiprocessing.managers.Server` and :class:"
"`multiprocessing.managers.SharedMemoryServer`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1444
msgid "*obj* in :func:`weakref.finalize`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1446
msgid ""
"In future releases of Python they will be :ref:`positional-only <positional-"
"only_parameter>`. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`36492`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1452
msgid "API and Feature Removals"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1454
msgid "The following features and APIs have been removed from Python 3.8:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1456
msgid ""
"The :mod:`macpath` module, deprecated in Python 3.7, has been removed. "
"(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`35471`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1459 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1574
msgid ""
"The function :func:`platform.popen` has been removed, it was deprecated "
"since Python 3.3: use :func:`os.popen` instead. (Contributed by Victor "
"Stinner in :issue:`35345`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1463
msgid ""
"The function :func:`time.clock` has been removed, it was deprecated since "
"Python 3.3: use :func:`time.perf_counter` or :func:`time.process_time` "
"instead, depending on your requirements, to have a well defined behavior. "
"(Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier in :issue:`36895`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1468
msgid ""
"The ``pyvenv`` script has been removed in favor of ``python3.8 -m venv`` to "
"help eliminate confusion as to what Python interpreter the ``pyvenv`` script "
"is tied to. (Contributed by Brett Cannon in :issue:`25427`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1472
msgid ""
"``parse_qs``, ``parse_qsl``, and ``escape`` are removed from :mod:`cgi` "
"module. They are deprecated from Python 3.2 or older. They should be "
"imported from the ``urllib.parse`` and ``html`` modules instead."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1476
msgid ""
"``filemode`` function is removed from :mod:`tarfile` module. It is not "
"documented and deprecated since Python 3.3."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1479
msgid ""
"The :class:`~xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLParser` constructor no longer accepts "
"the *html* argument. It never had effect and was deprecated in Python 3.4. "
"All other parameters are now :ref:`keyword-only <keyword-only_parameter>`. "
"(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`29209`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1484
msgid ""
"Removed the ``doctype()`` method of :class:`~xml.etree.ElementTree."
"XMLParser`. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`29209`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1487
msgid ""
"\"unicode_internal\" codec is removed. (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :issue:"
"`36297`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1490
msgid ""
"The ``Cache`` and ``Statement`` objects of the :mod:`sqlite3` module are not "
"exposed to the user. (Contributed by Aviv Palivoda in :issue:`30262`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1494
msgid ""
"The ``bufsize`` keyword argument of :func:`fileinput.input` and :func:"
"`fileinput.FileInput` which was ignored and deprecated since Python 3.6 has "
"been removed. :issue:`36952` (Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1498
msgid ""
"The functions :func:`sys.set_coroutine_wrapper` and :func:`sys."
"get_coroutine_wrapper` deprecated in Python 3.7 have been removed; :issue:"
"`36933` (Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1504
msgid "Porting to Python 3.8"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1506
msgid ""
"This section lists previously described changes and other bugfixes that may "
"require changes to your code."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1511
msgid "Changes in Python behavior"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1513
msgid ""
"Yield expressions (both ``yield`` and ``yield from`` clauses) are now "
"disallowed in comprehensions and generator expressions (aside from the "
"iterable expression in the leftmost :keyword:`!for` clause). (Contributed by "
"Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`10544`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1518
msgid ""
"The compiler now produces a :exc:`SyntaxWarning` when identity checks "
"(``is`` and ``is not``) are used with certain types of literals (e.g. "
"strings, ints). These can often work by accident in CPython, but are not "
"guaranteed by the language spec. The warning advises users to use equality "
"tests (``==`` and ``!=``) instead. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :"
"issue:`34850`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1525
msgid ""
"The CPython interpreter can swallow exceptions in some circumstances. In "
"Python 3.8 this happens in less cases. In particular, exceptions raised "
"when getting the attribute from the type dictionary are no longer ignored. "
"(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`35459`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1530
msgid ""
"Removed ``__str__`` implementations from builtin types :class:`bool`, :class:"
"`int`, :class:`float`, :class:`complex` and few classes from the standard "
"library. They now inherit ``__str__()`` from :class:`object`. As result, "
"defining the ``__repr__()`` method in the subclass of these classes will "
"affect they string representation. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :"
"issue:`36793`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1537
msgid ""
"On AIX, :attr:`sys.platform` doesn't contain the major version anymore. It "
"is always ``'aix'``, instead of ``'aix3'`` .. ``'aix7'``. Since older "
"Python versions include the version number, it is recommended to always use "
"the ``sys.platform.startswith('aix')``. (Contributed by M. Felt in :issue:"
"`36588`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1543
msgid ""
":c:func:`PyEval_AcquireLock` and :c:func:`PyEval_AcquireThread` now "
"terminate the current thread if called while the interpreter is finalizing, "
"making them consistent with :c:func:`PyEval_RestoreThread`, :c:func:"
"`Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS`, and :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure`. If this behaviour "
"is not desired, guard the call by checking :c:func:`_Py_IsFinalizing` or :c:"
"func:`sys.is_finalizing`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1551
msgid "Changes in the Python API"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1553
msgid ""
"The :func:`os.getcwdb` function now uses the UTF-8 encoding on Windows, "
"rather than the ANSI code page: see :pep:`529` for the rationale. The "
"function is no longer deprecated on Windows. (Contributed by Victor Stinner "
"in :issue:`37412`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1558
msgid ""
":class:`subprocess.Popen` can now use :func:`os.posix_spawn` in some cases "
"for better performance. On Windows Subsystem for Linux and QEMU User "
"Emulation, Popen constructor using :func:`os.posix_spawn` no longer raise an "
"exception on errors like missing program, but the child process fails with a "
"non-zero :attr:`~Popen.returncode`. (Contributed by Joannah Nanjekye and "
"Victor Stinner in :issue:`35537`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1565
msgid ""
"The *preexec_fn* argument of * :class:`subprocess.Popen` is no longer "
"compatible with subinterpreters. The use of the parameter in a "
"subinterpreter now raises :exc:`RuntimeError`. (Contributed by Eric Snow in :"
"issue:`34651`, modified by Christian Heimes in :issue:`37951`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1571
msgid ""
"The :meth:`imap.IMAP4.logout` method no longer ignores silently arbitrary "
"exceptions."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1578
msgid ""
"The :func:`statistics.mode` function no longer raises an exception when "
"given multimodal data. Instead, it returns the first mode encountered in "
"the input data. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`35892`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1583
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~tkinter.ttk.Treeview.selection` method of the :class:`tkinter."
"ttk.Treeview` class no longer takes arguments. Using it with arguments for "
"changing the selection was deprecated in Python 3.6. Use specialized "
"methods like :meth:`~tkinter.ttk.Treeview.selection_set` for changing the "
"selection. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`31508`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1589
msgid ""
"The :meth:`writexml`, :meth:`toxml` and :meth:`toprettyxml` methods of the :"
"mod:`xml.dom.minidom` module, and :mod:`xml.etree` now preserve the "
"attribute order specified by the user. (Contributed by Diego Rojas and "
"Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`34160`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1594
msgid ""
"A :mod:`dbm.dumb` database opened with flags ``'r'`` is now read-only. :func:"
"`dbm.dumb.open` with flags ``'r'`` and ``'w'`` no longer creates a database "
"if it does not exist. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`32749`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1599
msgid ""
"The ``doctype()`` method defined in a subclass of :class:`~xml.etree."
"ElementTree.XMLParser` will no longer be called and will cause emitting a :"
"exc:`RuntimeWarning` instead of a :exc:`DeprecationWarning`. Define the :"
"meth:`doctype() <xml.etree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.doctype>` method on a "
"target for handling an XML doctype declaration. (Contributed by Serhiy "
"Storchaka in :issue:`29209`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1606
msgid ""
"A :exc:`RuntimeError` is now raised when the custom metaclass doesn't "
"provide the ``__classcell__`` entry in the namespace passed to ``type."
"__new__``. A :exc:`DeprecationWarning` was emitted in Python 3.6--3.7. "
"(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`23722`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1611
msgid ""
"The :class:`cProfile.Profile` class can now be used as a context manager. "
"(Contributed by Scott Sanderson in :issue:`29235`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1614
msgid ""
":func:`shutil.copyfile`, :func:`shutil.copy`, :func:`shutil.copy2`, :func:"
"`shutil.copytree` and :func:`shutil.move` use platform-specific \"fast-copy"
"\" syscalls (see :ref:`shutil-platform-dependent-efficient-copy-operations` "
"section)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1619
msgid ""
":func:`shutil.copyfile` default buffer size on Windows was changed from 16 "
"KiB to 1 MiB."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1622
msgid ""
"The ``PyGC_Head`` struct has changed completely. All code that touched the "
"struct member should be rewritten. (See :issue:`33597`)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1625
msgid ""
"The ``PyInterpreterState`` struct has been moved into the \"internal\" "
"header files (specifically Include/internal/pycore_pystate.h). An opaque "
"``PyInterpreterState`` is still available as part of the public API (and "
"stable ABI). The docs indicate that none of the struct's fields are public, "
"so we hope no one has been using them. However, if you do rely on one or "
"more of those private fields and have no alternative then please open a BPO "
"issue. We'll work on helping you adjust (possibly including adding accessor "
"functions to the public API). (See :issue:`35886`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1635
msgid ""
"Asyncio tasks can now be named, either by passing the ``name`` keyword "
"argument to :func:`asyncio.create_task` or the :meth:`~asyncio.loop."
"create_task` event loop method, or by calling the :meth:`~asyncio.Task."
"set_name` method on the task object. The task name is visible in the "
"``repr()`` output of :class:`asyncio.Task` and can also be retrieved using "
"the :meth:`~asyncio.Task.get_name` method."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1642
msgid ""
"The :meth:`mmap.flush() <mmap.mmap.flush>` method now returns ``None`` on "
"success and raises an exception on error under all platforms. Previously, "
"its behavior was platform-depended: a nonzero value was returned on success; "
"zero was returned on error under Windows. A zero value was returned on "
"success; an exception was raised on error under Unix. (Contributed by Berker "
"Peksag in :issue:`2122`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1649
msgid ""
":mod:`xml.dom.minidom` and :mod:`xml.sax` modules no longer process external "
"entities by default. (Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`17239`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1653
msgid ""
"Deleting a key from a read-only :mod:`dbm` database (:mod:`dbm.dumb`, :mod:"
"`dbm.gnu` or :mod:`dbm.ndbm`) raises :attr:`error` (:exc:`dbm.dumb.error`, :"
"exc:`dbm.gnu.error` or :exc:`dbm.ndbm.error`) instead of :exc:`KeyError`. "
"(Contributed by Xiang Zhang in :issue:`33106`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1664
msgid ""
"DLL dependencies for extension modules and DLLs loaded with :mod:`ctypes` on "
"Windows are now resolved more securely. Only the system paths, the directory "
"containing the DLL or PYD file, and directories added with :func:`~os."
"add_dll_directory` are searched for load-time dependencies. Specifically, :"
"envvar:`PATH` and the current working directory are no longer used, and "
"modifications to these will no longer have any effect on normal DLL "
"resolution. If your application relies on these mechanisms, you should check "
"for :func:`~os.add_dll_directory` and if it exists, use it to add your DLLs "
"directory while loading your library. Note that Windows 7 users will need to "
"ensure that Windows Update KB2533625 has been installed (this is also "
"verified by the installer). (See :issue:`36085`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1677
msgid ""
"The header files and functions related to pgen have been removed after its "
"replacement by a pure Python implementation. (Contributed by Pablo Galindo "
"in :issue:`36623`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1681
msgid ""
":class:`types.CodeType` has a new parameter in the second position of the "
"constructor (*posonlyargcount*) to support positional-only arguments defined "
"in :pep:`570`. The first argument (*argcount*) now represents the total "
"number of positional arguments (including positional-only arguments). A new "
"``replace()`` method of :class:`types.CodeType` can be used to make the code "
"future-proof."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1690
msgid "Changes in the C API"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1692
msgid ""
"The :c:type:`PyCompilerFlags` structure gets a new *cf_feature_version* "
"field. It should be initialized to ``PY_MINOR_VERSION``. The field is "
"ignored by default, it is used if and only if ``PyCF_ONLY_AST`` flag is set "
"in *cf_flags*."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1697
msgid ""
"The :c:func:`PyEval_ReInitThreads` function has been removed from the C API. "
"It should not be called explicitly: use :c:func:`PyOS_AfterFork_Child` "
"instead. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36728`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1702
msgid ""
"On Unix, C extensions are no longer linked to libpython except on Android "
"and Cygwin. When Python is embedded, ``libpython`` must not be loaded with "
"``RTLD_LOCAL``, but ``RTLD_GLOBAL`` instead. Previously, using "
"``RTLD_LOCAL``, it was already not possible to load C extensions which were "
"not linked to ``libpython``, like C extensions of the standard library built "
"by the ``*shared*`` section of ``Modules/Setup``. (Contributed by Victor "
"Stinner in :issue:`21536`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1710
msgid ""
"Use of ``#`` variants of formats in parsing or building value (e.g. :c:func:"
"`PyArg_ParseTuple`, :c:func:`Py_BuildValue`, :c:func:"
"`PyObject_CallFunction`, etc.) without ``PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN`` defined raises "
"``DeprecationWarning`` now. It will be removed in 3.10 or 4.0. Read :ref:"
"`arg-parsing` for detail. (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :issue:`36381`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1716
msgid ""
"Instances of heap-allocated types (such as those created with :c:func:"
"`PyType_FromSpec`) hold a reference to their type object. Increasing the "
"reference count of these type objects has been moved from :c:func:"
"`PyType_GenericAlloc` to the more low-level functions, :c:func:"
"`PyObject_Init` and :c:func:`PyObject_INIT`. This makes types created "
"through :c:func:`PyType_FromSpec` behave like other classes in managed code."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1724
msgid "Statically allocated types are not affected."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1726
msgid ""
"For the vast majority of cases, there should be no side effect. However, "
"types that manually increase the reference count after allocating an "
"instance (perhaps to work around the bug) may now become immortal. To avoid "
"this, these classes need to call Py_DECREF on the type object during "
"instance deallocation."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1732
msgid ""
"To correctly port these types into 3.8, please apply the following changes:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1735
msgid ""
"Remove :c:macro:`Py_INCREF` on the type object after allocating an instance "
"- if any. This may happen after calling :c:func:`PyObject_New`, :c:func:"
"`PyObject_NewVar`, :c:func:`PyObject_GC_New`, :c:func:`PyObject_GC_NewVar`, "
"or any other custom allocator that uses :c:func:`PyObject_Init` or :c:func:"
"`PyObject_INIT`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1756
msgid ""
"Ensure that all custom ``tp_dealloc`` functions of heap-allocated types "
"decrease the type's reference count."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1771
msgid "(Contributed by Eddie Elizondo in :issue:`35810`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1773
msgid ""
"The :c:macro:`Py_DEPRECATED()` macro has been implemented for MSVC. The "
"macro now must be placed before the symbol name."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1780
msgid "(Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :issue:`33407`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1782
msgid ""
"The interpreter does not pretend to support binary compatibility of "
"extension types across feature releases, anymore. A :c:type:`PyTypeObject` "
"exported by a third-party extension module is supposed to have all the slots "
"expected in the current Python version, including :c:member:`~PyTypeObject."
"tp_finalize` (:const:`Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_FINALIZE` is not checked anymore "
"before reading :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_finalize`)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1789
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`32388`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1791
msgid ""
"The :c:func:`PyCode_New` has a new parameter in the second position "
"(*posonlyargcount*) to support :pep:`570`, indicating the number of "
"positional-only arguments."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1794
msgid ""
"The functions :c:func:`PyNode_AddChild` and :c:func:`PyParser_AddToken` now "
"accept two additional ``int`` arguments *end_lineno* and *end_col_offset*."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1799
msgid ""
"The :file:`libpython38.a` file to allow MinGW tools to link directly "
"against :file:`python38.dll` is no longer included in the regular Windows "
"distribution. If you require this file, it may be generated with the "
"``gendef`` and ``dlltool`` tools, which are part of the MinGW binutils "
"package::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1807
msgid ""
"The location of an installed :file:`pythonXY.dll` will depend on the "
"installation options and the version and language of Windows. See :ref:"
"`using-on-windows` for more information. The resulting library should be "
"placed in the same directory as :file:`pythonXY.lib`, which is generally "
"the :file:`libs` directory under your Python installation."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1817
msgid "CPython bytecode changes"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1819
msgid ""
"The interpreter loop has been simplified by moving the logic of unrolling "
"the stack of blocks into the compiler. The compiler emits now explicit "
"instructions for adjusting the stack of values and calling the cleaning-up "
"code for :keyword:`break`, :keyword:`continue` and :keyword:`return`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1825
msgid ""
"Removed opcodes :opcode:`BREAK_LOOP`, :opcode:`CONTINUE_LOOP`, :opcode:"
"`SETUP_LOOP` and :opcode:`SETUP_EXCEPT`. Added new opcodes :opcode:"
"`ROT_FOUR`, :opcode:`BEGIN_FINALLY`, :opcode:`CALL_FINALLY` and :opcode:"
"`POP_FINALLY`. Changed the behavior of :opcode:`END_FINALLY` and :opcode:"
"`WITH_CLEANUP_START`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1831
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Mark Shannon, Antoine Pitrou and Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:"
"`17611`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1834
msgid ""
"Added new opcode :opcode:`END_ASYNC_FOR` for handling exceptions raised when "
"awaiting a next item in an :keyword:`async for` loop. (Contributed by Serhiy "
"Storchaka in :issue:`33041`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1838
msgid ""
"The :opcode:`MAP_ADD` now expects the value as the first element in the "
"stack and the key as the second element. This change was made so the key is "
"always evaluated before the value in dictionary comprehensions, as proposed "
"by :pep:`572`. (Contributed by Jörn Heissler in :issue:`35224`.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1845
msgid "Demos and Tools"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1847
msgid ""
"Added a benchmark script for timing various ways to access variables: "
"``Tools/scripts/var_access_benchmark.py``. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger "
"in :issue:`35884`.)"
msgstr ""