# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2001-2016, Python Software Foundation # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.6\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-17 21:44+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:5 msgid "Glossary" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:10 msgid ">>>" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:12 msgid "" "The default Python prompt of the interactive shell. Often seen for code " "examples which can be executed interactively in the interpreter." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:14 msgid "..." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:16 msgid "" "The default Python prompt of the interactive shell when entering code for an " "indented code block or within a pair of matching left and right delimiters " "(parentheses, square brackets or curly braces)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:19 msgid "2to3" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:21 msgid "" "A tool that tries to convert Python 2.x code to Python 3.x code by handling " "most of the incompatibilities which can be detected by parsing the source " "and traversing the parse tree." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:25 msgid "" "2to3 is available in the standard library as :mod:`lib2to3`; a standalone " "entry point is provided as :file:`Tools/scripts/2to3`. See :ref:`2to3-" "reference`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:28 msgid "abstract base class" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:30 msgid "" "Abstract base classes complement :term:`duck-typing` by providing a way to " "define interfaces when other techniques like :func:`hasattr` would be clumsy " "or subtly wrong (for example with :ref:`magic methods `). " "ABCs introduce virtual subclasses, which are classes that don't inherit from " "a class but are still recognized by :func:`isinstance` and :func:" "`issubclass`; see the :mod:`abc` module documentation. Python comes with " "many built-in ABCs for data structures (in the :mod:`collections.abc` " "module), numbers (in the :mod:`numbers` module), streams (in the :mod:`io` " "module), import finders and loaders (in the :mod:`importlib.abc` module). " "You can create your own ABCs with the :mod:`abc` module." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:41 msgid "argument" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:43 msgid "" "A value passed to a :term:`function` (or :term:`method`) when calling the " "function. There are two kinds of argument:" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:46 msgid "" ":dfn:`keyword argument`: an argument preceded by an identifier (e.g. " "``name=``) in a function call or passed as a value in a dictionary preceded " "by ``**``. For example, ``3`` and ``5`` are both keyword arguments in the " "following calls to :func:`complex`::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:54 msgid "" ":dfn:`positional argument`: an argument that is not a keyword argument. " "Positional arguments can appear at the beginning of an argument list and/or " "be passed as elements of an :term:`iterable` preceded by ``*``. For example, " "``3`` and ``5`` are both positional arguments in the following calls::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:63 msgid "" "Arguments are assigned to the named local variables in a function body. See " "the :ref:`calls` section for the rules governing this assignment. " "Syntactically, any expression can be used to represent an argument; the " "evaluated value is assigned to the local variable." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:68 msgid "" "See also the :term:`parameter` glossary entry, the FAQ question on :ref:`the " "difference between arguments and parameters `, " "and :pep:`362`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:71 msgid "asynchronous context manager" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:73 msgid "" "An object which controls the environment seen in an :keyword:`async with` " "statement by defining :meth:`__aenter__` and :meth:`__aexit__` methods. " "Introduced by :pep:`492`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:76 msgid "asynchronous iterable" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:78 msgid "" "An object, that can be used in an :keyword:`async for` statement. Must " "return an :term:`asynchronous iterator` from its :meth:`__aiter__` method. " "Introduced by :pep:`492`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:81 msgid "asynchronous iterator" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:83 msgid "" "An object that implements :meth:`__aiter__` and :meth:`__anext__` methods. " "``__anext__`` must return an :term:`awaitable` object. :keyword:`async for` " "resolves awaitable returned from asynchronous iterator's :meth:`__anext__` " "method until it raises :exc:`StopAsyncIteration` exception. Introduced by :" "pep:`492`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:88 msgid "attribute" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:90 msgid "" "A value associated with an object which is referenced by name using dotted " "expressions. For example, if an object *o* has an attribute *a* it would be " "referenced as *o.a*." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:93 msgid "awaitable" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:95 msgid "" "An object that can be used in an :keyword:`await` expression. Can be a :" "term:`coroutine` or an object with an :meth:`__await__` method. See also :" "pep:`492`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:98 msgid "BDFL" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:100 msgid "" "Benevolent Dictator For Life, a.k.a. `Guido van Rossum `_, Python's creator." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:102 msgid "binary file" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:104 msgid "" "A :term:`file object` able to read and write :term:`bytes-like objects " "`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:108 msgid "A :term:`text file` reads and writes :class:`str` objects." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:109 msgid "bytes-like object" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:111 msgid "" "An object that supports the :ref:`bufferobjects` and can export a C-:term:" "`contiguous` buffer. This includes all :class:`bytes`, :class:`bytearray`, " "and :class:`array.array` objects, as well as many common :class:`memoryview` " "objects. Bytes-like objects can be used for various operations that work " "with binary data; these include compression, saving to a binary file, and " "sending over a socket." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:118 msgid "" "Some operations need the binary data to be mutable. The documentation often " "refers to these as \"read-write bytes-like objects\". Example mutable " "buffer objects include :class:`bytearray` and a :class:`memoryview` of a :" "class:`bytearray`. Other operations require the binary data to be stored in " "immutable objects (\"read-only bytes-like objects\"); examples of these " "include :class:`bytes` and a :class:`memoryview` of a :class:`bytes` object." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:126 msgid "bytecode" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:128 msgid "" "Python source code is compiled into bytecode, the internal representation of " "a Python program in the CPython interpreter. The bytecode is also cached in " "``.pyc`` and ``.pyo`` files so that executing the same file is faster the " "second time (recompilation from source to bytecode can be avoided). This " "\"intermediate language\" is said to run on a :term:`virtual machine` that " "executes the machine code corresponding to each bytecode. Do note that " "bytecodes are not expected to work between different Python virtual " "machines, nor to be stable between Python releases." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:138 msgid "" "A list of bytecode instructions can be found in the documentation for :ref:" "`the dis module `." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:140 msgid "class" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:142 msgid "" "A template for creating user-defined objects. Class definitions normally " "contain method definitions which operate on instances of the class." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:145 msgid "coercion" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:147 msgid "" "The implicit conversion of an instance of one type to another during an " "operation which involves two arguments of the same type. For example, " "``int(3.15)`` converts the floating point number to the integer ``3``, but " "in ``3+4.5``, each argument is of a different type (one int, one float), and " "both must be converted to the same type before they can be added or it will " "raise a ``TypeError``. Without coercion, all arguments of even compatible " "types would have to be normalized to the same value by the programmer, e.g., " "``float(3)+4.5`` rather than just ``3+4.5``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:155 msgid "complex number" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:157 msgid "" "An extension of the familiar real number system in which all numbers are " "expressed as a sum of a real part and an imaginary part. Imaginary numbers " "are real multiples of the imaginary unit (the square root of ``-1``), often " "written ``i`` in mathematics or ``j`` in engineering. Python has built-in " "support for complex numbers, which are written with this latter notation; " "the imaginary part is written with a ``j`` suffix, e.g., ``3+1j``. To get " "access to complex equivalents of the :mod:`math` module, use :mod:`cmath`. " "Use of complex numbers is a fairly advanced mathematical feature. If you're " "not aware of a need for them, it's almost certain you can safely ignore them." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:167 msgid "context manager" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:169 msgid "" "An object which controls the environment seen in a :keyword:`with` statement " "by defining :meth:`__enter__` and :meth:`__exit__` methods. See :pep:`343`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:172 msgid "contiguous" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:176 msgid "" "A buffer is considered contiguous exactly if it is either *C-contiguous* or " "*Fortran contiguous*. Zero-dimensional buffers are C and Fortran " "contiguous. In one-dimensional arrays, the items must be laid out in memory " "next to each other, in order of increasing indexes starting from zero. In " "multidimensional C-contiguous arrays, the last index varies the fastest when " "visiting items in order of memory address. However, in Fortran contiguous " "arrays, the first index varies the fastest." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:184 msgid "coroutine" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:186 msgid "" "Coroutines is a more generalized form of subroutines. Subroutines are " "entered at one point and exited at another point. Coroutines can be " "entered, exited, and resumed at many different points. They can be " "implemented with the :keyword:`async def` statement. See also :pep:`492`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:191 msgid "coroutine function" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:193 msgid "" "A function which returns a :term:`coroutine` object. A coroutine function " "may be defined with the :keyword:`async def` statement, and may contain :" "keyword:`await`, :keyword:`async for`, and :keyword:`async with` keywords. " "These were introduced by :pep:`492`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:198 msgid "CPython" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:200 msgid "" "The canonical implementation of the Python programming language, as " "distributed on `python.org `_. The term \"CPython\" " "is used when necessary to distinguish this implementation from others such " "as Jython or IronPython." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:204 msgid "decorator" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:206 msgid "" "A function returning another function, usually applied as a function " "transformation using the ``@wrapper`` syntax. Common examples for " "decorators are :func:`classmethod` and :func:`staticmethod`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:210 msgid "" "The decorator syntax is merely syntactic sugar, the following two function " "definitions are semantically equivalent::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:221 msgid "" "The same concept exists for classes, but is less commonly used there. See " "the documentation for :ref:`function definitions ` and :ref:`class " "definitions ` for more about decorators." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:224 msgid "descriptor" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:226 msgid "" "Any object which defines the methods :meth:`__get__`, :meth:`__set__`, or :" "meth:`__delete__`. When a class attribute is a descriptor, its special " "binding behavior is triggered upon attribute lookup. Normally, using *a.b* " "to get, set or delete an attribute looks up the object named *b* in the " "class dictionary for *a*, but if *b* is a descriptor, the respective " "descriptor method gets called. Understanding descriptors is a key to a deep " "understanding of Python because they are the basis for many features " "including functions, methods, properties, class methods, static methods, and " "reference to super classes." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:236 msgid "" "For more information about descriptors' methods, see :ref:`descriptors`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:237 msgid "dictionary" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:239 msgid "" "An associative array, where arbitrary keys are mapped to values. The keys " "can be any object with :meth:`__hash__` and :meth:`__eq__` methods. Called a " "hash in Perl." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:242 msgid "dictionary view" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:244 msgid "" "The objects returned from :meth:`dict.keys`, :meth:`dict.values`, and :meth:" "`dict.items` are called dictionary views. They provide a dynamic view on the " "dictionary’s entries, which means that when the dictionary changes, the view " "reflects these changes. To force the dictionary view to become a full list " "use ``list(dictview)``. See :ref:`dict-views`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:250 msgid "docstring" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:252 msgid "" "A string literal which appears as the first expression in a class, function " "or module. While ignored when the suite is executed, it is recognized by " "the compiler and put into the :attr:`__doc__` attribute of the enclosing " "class, function or module. Since it is available via introspection, it is " "the canonical place for documentation of the object." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:258 msgid "duck-typing" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:260 msgid "" "A programming style which does not look at an object's type to determine if " "it has the right interface; instead, the method or attribute is simply " "called or used (\"If it looks like a duck and quacks like a duck, it must be " "a duck.\") By emphasizing interfaces rather than specific types, well-" "designed code improves its flexibility by allowing polymorphic " "substitution. Duck-typing avoids tests using :func:`type` or :func:" "`isinstance`. (Note, however, that duck-typing can be complemented with :" "term:`abstract base classes `.) Instead, it typically " "employs :func:`hasattr` tests or :term:`EAFP` programming." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:269 msgid "EAFP" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:271 msgid "" "Easier to ask for forgiveness than permission. This common Python coding " "style assumes the existence of valid keys or attributes and catches " "exceptions if the assumption proves false. This clean and fast style is " "characterized by the presence of many :keyword:`try` and :keyword:`except` " "statements. The technique contrasts with the :term:`LBYL` style common to " "many other languages such as C." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:277 msgid "expression" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:279 msgid "" "A piece of syntax which can be evaluated to some value. In other words, an " "expression is an accumulation of expression elements like literals, names, " "attribute access, operators or function calls which all return a value. In " "contrast to many other languages, not all language constructs are " "expressions. There are also :term:`statement`\\s which cannot be used as " "expressions, such as :keyword:`if`. Assignments are also statements, not " "expressions." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:286 msgid "extension module" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:288 msgid "" "A module written in C or C++, using Python's C API to interact with the core " "and with user code." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:290 msgid "file object" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:292 msgid "" "An object exposing a file-oriented API (with methods such as :meth:`read()` " "or :meth:`write()`) to an underlying resource. Depending on the way it was " "created, a file object can mediate access to a real on-disk file or to " "another type of storage or communication device (for example standard input/" "output, in-memory buffers, sockets, pipes, etc.). File objects are also " "called :dfn:`file-like objects` or :dfn:`streams`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:300 msgid "" "There are actually three categories of file objects: raw :term:`binary files " "`, buffered :term:`binary files ` and :term:`text " "files `. Their interfaces are defined in the :mod:`io` module. " "The canonical way to create a file object is by using the :func:`open` " "function." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:305 msgid "file-like object" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:307 msgid "A synonym for :term:`file object`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:308 msgid "finder" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:310 msgid "" "An object that tries to find the :term:`loader` for a module that is being " "imported." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:313 msgid "" "Since Python 3.3, there are two types of finder: :term:`meta path finders " "` for use with :data:`sys.meta_path`, and :term:`path " "entry finders ` for use with :data:`sys.path_hooks`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:317 msgid "See :pep:`302`, :pep:`420` and :pep:`451` for much more detail." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:318 msgid "floor division" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:320 msgid "" "Mathematical division that rounds down to nearest integer. The floor " "division operator is ``//``. For example, the expression ``11 // 4`` " "evaluates to ``2`` in contrast to the ``2.75`` returned by float true " "division. Note that ``(-11) // 4`` is ``-3`` because that is ``-2.75`` " "rounded *downward*. See :pep:`238`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:325 msgid "function" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:327 msgid "" "A series of statements which returns some value to a caller. It can also be " "passed zero or more :term:`arguments ` which may be used in the " "execution of the body. See also :term:`parameter`, :term:`method`, and the :" "ref:`function` section." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:331 msgid "function annotation" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:333 msgid "" "An arbitrary metadata value associated with a function parameter or return " "value. Its syntax is explained in section :ref:`function`. Annotations may " "be accessed via the :attr:`__annotations__` special attribute of a function " "object." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:338 msgid "" "Python itself does not assign any particular meaning to function " "annotations. They are intended to be interpreted by third-party libraries or " "tools. See :pep:`3107`, which describes some of their potential uses." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:341 msgid "__future__" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:343 msgid "" "A pseudo-module which programmers can use to enable new language features " "which are not compatible with the current interpreter." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:346 msgid "" "By importing the :mod:`__future__` module and evaluating its variables, you " "can see when a new feature was first added to the language and when it " "becomes the default::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:353 msgid "garbage collection" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:355 msgid "" "The process of freeing memory when it is not used anymore. Python performs " "garbage collection via reference counting and a cyclic garbage collector " "that is able to detect and break reference cycles." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:360 msgid "generator" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:362 msgid "" "A function which returns a :term:`generator iterator`. It looks like a " "normal function except that it contains :keyword:`yield` expressions for " "producing a series of values usable in a for-loop or that can be retrieved " "one at a time with the :func:`next` function." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:367 msgid "" "Usually refers to a generator function, but may refer to a *generator " "iterator* in some contexts. In cases where the intended meaning isn't " "clear, using the full terms avoids ambiguity." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:370 msgid "generator iterator" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:372 msgid "An object created by a :term:`generator` function." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:374 msgid "" "Each :keyword:`yield` temporarily suspends processing, remembering the " "location execution state (including local variables and pending try-" "statements). When the *generator iterator* resumes, it picks-up where it " "left-off (in contrast to functions which start fresh on every invocation)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:381 msgid "generator expression" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:383 msgid "" "An expression that returns an iterator. It looks like a normal expression " "followed by a :keyword:`for` expression defining a loop variable, range, and " "an optional :keyword:`if` expression. The combined expression generates " "values for an enclosing function::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:390 msgid "generic function" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:392 msgid "" "A function composed of multiple functions implementing the same operation " "for different types. Which implementation should be used during a call is " "determined by the dispatch algorithm." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:396 msgid "" "See also the :term:`single dispatch` glossary entry, the :func:`functools." "singledispatch` decorator, and :pep:`443`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:399 msgid "GIL" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:401 msgid "See :term:`global interpreter lock`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:402 msgid "global interpreter lock" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:404 msgid "" "The mechanism used by the :term:`CPython` interpreter to assure that only " "one thread executes Python :term:`bytecode` at a time. This simplifies the " "CPython implementation by making the object model (including critical built-" "in types such as :class:`dict`) implicitly safe against concurrent access. " "Locking the entire interpreter makes it easier for the interpreter to be " "multi-threaded, at the expense of much of the parallelism afforded by multi-" "processor machines." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:413 msgid "" "However, some extension modules, either standard or third-party, are " "designed so as to release the GIL when doing computationally-intensive tasks " "such as compression or hashing. Also, the GIL is always released when doing " "I/O." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:418 msgid "" "Past efforts to create a \"free-threaded\" interpreter (one which locks " "shared data at a much finer granularity) have not been successful because " "performance suffered in the common single-processor case. It is believed " "that overcoming this performance issue would make the implementation much " "more complicated and therefore costlier to maintain." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:423 msgid "hashable" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:425 msgid "" "An object is *hashable* if it has a hash value which never changes during " "its lifetime (it needs a :meth:`__hash__` method), and can be compared to " "other objects (it needs an :meth:`__eq__` method). Hashable objects which " "compare equal must have the same hash value." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:430 msgid "" "Hashability makes an object usable as a dictionary key and a set member, " "because these data structures use the hash value internally." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:433 msgid "" "All of Python's immutable built-in objects are hashable, while no mutable " "containers (such as lists or dictionaries) are. Objects which are instances " "of user-defined classes are hashable by default; they all compare unequal " "(except with themselves), and their hash value is derived from their :func:" "`id`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:438 msgid "IDLE" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:440 msgid "" "An Integrated Development Environment for Python. IDLE is a basic editor " "and interpreter environment which ships with the standard distribution of " "Python." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:443 msgid "immutable" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:445 msgid "" "An object with a fixed value. Immutable objects include numbers, strings " "and tuples. Such an object cannot be altered. A new object has to be " "created if a different value has to be stored. They play an important role " "in places where a constant hash value is needed, for example as a key in a " "dictionary." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:450 msgid "import path" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:452 msgid "" "A list of locations (or :term:`path entries `) that are searched " "by the :term:`path based finder` for modules to import. During import, this " "list of locations usually comes from :data:`sys.path`, but for subpackages " "it may also come from the parent package's ``__path__`` attribute." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:457 msgid "importing" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:459 msgid "" "The process by which Python code in one module is made available to Python " "code in another module." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:461 msgid "importer" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:463 msgid "" "An object that both finds and loads a module; both a :term:`finder` and :" "term:`loader` object." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:465 msgid "interactive" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:467 msgid "" "Python has an interactive interpreter which means you can enter statements " "and expressions at the interpreter prompt, immediately execute them and see " "their results. Just launch ``python`` with no arguments (possibly by " "selecting it from your computer's main menu). It is a very powerful way to " "test out new ideas or inspect modules and packages (remember ``help(x)``)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:473 msgid "interpreted" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:475 msgid "" "Python is an interpreted language, as opposed to a compiled one, though the " "distinction can be blurry because of the presence of the bytecode compiler. " "This means that source files can be run directly without explicitly creating " "an executable which is then run. Interpreted languages typically have a " "shorter development/debug cycle than compiled ones, though their programs " "generally also run more slowly. See also :term:`interactive`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:482 msgid "interpreter shutdown" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:484 msgid "" "When asked to shut down, the Python interpreter enters a special phase where " "it gradually releases all allocated resources, such as modules and various " "critical internal structures. It also makes several calls to the :term:" "`garbage collector `. This can trigger the execution of " "code in user-defined destructors or weakref callbacks. Code executed during " "the shutdown phase can encounter various exceptions as the resources it " "relies on may not function anymore (common examples are library modules or " "the warnings machinery)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:493 msgid "" "The main reason for interpreter shutdown is that the ``__main__`` module or " "the script being run has finished executing." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:495 msgid "iterable" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:497 msgid "" "An object capable of returning its members one at a time. Examples of " "iterables include all sequence types (such as :class:`list`, :class:`str`, " "and :class:`tuple`) and some non-sequence types like :class:`dict`, :term:" "`file objects `, and objects of any classes you define with an :" "meth:`__iter__` or :meth:`__getitem__` method. Iterables can be used in a :" "keyword:`for` loop and in many other places where a sequence is needed (:" "func:`zip`, :func:`map`, ...). When an iterable object is passed as an " "argument to the built-in function :func:`iter`, it returns an iterator for " "the object. This iterator is good for one pass over the set of values. " "When using iterables, it is usually not necessary to call :func:`iter` or " "deal with iterator objects yourself. The ``for`` statement does that " "automatically for you, creating a temporary unnamed variable to hold the " "iterator for the duration of the loop. See also :term:`iterator`, :term:" "`sequence`, and :term:`generator`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:511 msgid "iterator" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:513 msgid "" "An object representing a stream of data. Repeated calls to the iterator's :" "meth:`~iterator.__next__` method (or passing it to the built-in function :" "func:`next`) return successive items in the stream. When no more data are " "available a :exc:`StopIteration` exception is raised instead. At this " "point, the iterator object is exhausted and any further calls to its :meth:" "`__next__` method just raise :exc:`StopIteration` again. Iterators are " "required to have an :meth:`__iter__` method that returns the iterator object " "itself so every iterator is also iterable and may be used in most places " "where other iterables are accepted. One notable exception is code which " "attempts multiple iteration passes. A container object (such as a :class:" "`list`) produces a fresh new iterator each time you pass it to the :func:" "`iter` function or use it in a :keyword:`for` loop. Attempting this with an " "iterator will just return the same exhausted iterator object used in the " "previous iteration pass, making it appear like an empty container." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:528 msgid "More information can be found in :ref:`typeiter`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:529 msgid "key function" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:531 msgid "" "A key function or collation function is a callable that returns a value used " "for sorting or ordering. For example, :func:`locale.strxfrm` is used to " "produce a sort key that is aware of locale specific sort conventions." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:536 msgid "" "A number of tools in Python accept key functions to control how elements are " "ordered or grouped. They include :func:`min`, :func:`max`, :func:`sorted`, :" "meth:`list.sort`, :func:`heapq.merge`, :func:`heapq.nsmallest`, :func:`heapq." "nlargest`, and :func:`itertools.groupby`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:542 msgid "" "There are several ways to create a key function. For example. the :meth:" "`str.lower` method can serve as a key function for case insensitive sorts. " "Alternatively, a key function can be built from a :keyword:`lambda` " "expression such as ``lambda r: (r[0], r[2])``. Also, the :mod:`operator` " "module provides three key function constructors: :func:`~operator." "attrgetter`, :func:`~operator.itemgetter`, and :func:`~operator." "methodcaller`. See the :ref:`Sorting HOW TO ` for examples of " "how to create and use key functions." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:550 msgid "keyword argument" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:552 ../Doc/glossary.rst:796 msgid "See :term:`argument`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:553 msgid "lambda" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:555 msgid "" "An anonymous inline function consisting of a single :term:`expression` which " "is evaluated when the function is called. The syntax to create a lambda " "function is ``lambda [arguments]: expression``" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:558 msgid "LBYL" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:560 msgid "" "Look before you leap. This coding style explicitly tests for pre-conditions " "before making calls or lookups. This style contrasts with the :term:`EAFP` " "approach and is characterized by the presence of many :keyword:`if` " "statements." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:565 msgid "" "In a multi-threaded environment, the LBYL approach can risk introducing a " "race condition between \"the looking\" and \"the leaping\". For example, " "the code, ``if key in mapping: return mapping[key]`` can fail if another " "thread removes *key* from *mapping* after the test, but before the lookup. " "This issue can be solved with locks or by using the EAFP approach." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:570 msgid "list" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:572 msgid "" "A built-in Python :term:`sequence`. Despite its name it is more akin to an " "array in other languages than to a linked list since access to elements are " "O(1)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:575 msgid "list comprehension" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:577 msgid "" "A compact way to process all or part of the elements in a sequence and " "return a list with the results. ``result = ['{:#04x}'.format(x) for x in " "range(256) if x % 2 == 0]`` generates a list of strings containing even hex " "numbers (0x..) in the range from 0 to 255. The :keyword:`if` clause is " "optional. If omitted, all elements in ``range(256)`` are processed." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:583 msgid "loader" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:585 msgid "" "An object that loads a module. It must define a method named :meth:" "`load_module`. A loader is typically returned by a :term:`finder`. See :pep:" "`302` for details and :class:`importlib.abc.Loader` for an :term:`abstract " "base class`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:589 msgid "mapping" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:591 msgid "" "A container object that supports arbitrary key lookups and implements the " "methods specified in the :class:`~collections.abc.Mapping` or :class:" "`~collections.abc.MutableMapping` :ref:`abstract base classes `. Examples include :class:`dict`, :class:" "`collections.defaultdict`, :class:`collections.OrderedDict` and :class:" "`collections.Counter`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:597 msgid "meta path finder" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:599 msgid "" "A :term:`finder` returned by a search of :data:`sys.meta_path`. Meta path " "finders are related to, but different from :term:`path entry finders `." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:603 msgid "" "See :class:`importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder` for the methods that meta path " "finders implement." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:605 msgid "metaclass" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:607 msgid "" "The class of a class. Class definitions create a class name, a class " "dictionary, and a list of base classes. The metaclass is responsible for " "taking those three arguments and creating the class. Most object oriented " "programming languages provide a default implementation. What makes Python " "special is that it is possible to create custom metaclasses. Most users " "never need this tool, but when the need arises, metaclasses can provide " "powerful, elegant solutions. They have been used for logging attribute " "access, adding thread-safety, tracking object creation, implementing " "singletons, and many other tasks." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:617 msgid "More information can be found in :ref:`metaclasses`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:618 msgid "method" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:620 msgid "" "A function which is defined inside a class body. If called as an attribute " "of an instance of that class, the method will get the instance object as its " "first :term:`argument` (which is usually called ``self``). See :term:" "`function` and :term:`nested scope`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:624 msgid "method resolution order" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:626 msgid "" "Method Resolution Order is the order in which base classes are searched for " "a member during lookup. See `The Python 2.3 Method Resolution Order `_ for details of the algorithm " "used by the Python interpreter since the 2.3 release." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:630 msgid "module" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:632 msgid "" "An object that serves as an organizational unit of Python code. Modules " "have a namespace containing arbitrary Python objects. Modules are loaded " "into Python by the process of :term:`importing`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:636 msgid "See also :term:`package`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:637 msgid "module spec" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:639 msgid "" "A namespace containing the import-related information used to load a module. " "An instance of :class:`importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:641 msgid "MRO" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:643 msgid "See :term:`method resolution order`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:644 msgid "mutable" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:646 msgid "" "Mutable objects can change their value but keep their :func:`id`. See also :" "term:`immutable`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:648 msgid "named tuple" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:650 msgid "" "Any tuple-like class whose indexable elements are also accessible using " "named attributes (for example, :func:`time.localtime` returns a tuple-like " "object where the *year* is accessible either with an index such as ``t[0]`` " "or with a named attribute like ``t.tm_year``)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:655 msgid "" "A named tuple can be a built-in type such as :class:`time.struct_time`, or " "it can be created with a regular class definition. A full featured named " "tuple can also be created with the factory function :func:`collections." "namedtuple`. The latter approach automatically provides extra features such " "as a self-documenting representation like ``Employee(name='jones', " "title='programmer')``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:661 msgid "namespace" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:663 msgid "" "The place where a variable is stored. Namespaces are implemented as " "dictionaries. There are the local, global and built-in namespaces as well " "as nested namespaces in objects (in methods). Namespaces support modularity " "by preventing naming conflicts. For instance, the functions :func:`builtins." "open <.open>` and :func:`os.open` are distinguished by their namespaces. " "Namespaces also aid readability and maintainability by making it clear which " "module implements a function. For instance, writing :func:`random.seed` or :" "func:`itertools.islice` makes it clear that those functions are implemented " "by the :mod:`random` and :mod:`itertools` modules, respectively." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:673 msgid "namespace package" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:675 msgid "" "A :pep:`420` :term:`package` which serves only as a container for " "subpackages. Namespace packages may have no physical representation, and " "specifically are not like a :term:`regular package` because they have no " "``__init__.py`` file." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:680 msgid "See also :term:`module`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:681 msgid "nested scope" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:683 msgid "" "The ability to refer to a variable in an enclosing definition. For " "instance, a function defined inside another function can refer to variables " "in the outer function. Note that nested scopes by default work only for " "reference and not for assignment. Local variables both read and write in " "the innermost scope. Likewise, global variables read and write to the " "global namespace. The :keyword:`nonlocal` allows writing to outer scopes." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:690 msgid "new-style class" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:692 msgid "" "Old name for the flavor of classes now used for all class objects. In " "earlier Python versions, only new-style classes could use Python's newer, " "versatile features like :attr:`~object.__slots__`, descriptors, properties, :" "meth:`__getattribute__`, class methods, and static methods." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:696 msgid "object" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:698 msgid "" "Any data with state (attributes or value) and defined behavior (methods). " "Also the ultimate base class of any :term:`new-style class`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:701 msgid "package" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:703 msgid "" "A Python :term:`module` which can contain submodules or recursively, " "subpackages. Technically, a package is a Python module with an ``__path__`` " "attribute." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:707 msgid "See also :term:`regular package` and :term:`namespace package`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:708 msgid "parameter" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:710 msgid "" "A named entity in a :term:`function` (or method) definition that specifies " "an :term:`argument` (or in some cases, arguments) that the function can " "accept. There are five kinds of parameter:" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:714 msgid "" ":dfn:`positional-or-keyword`: specifies an argument that can be passed " "either :term:`positionally ` or as a :term:`keyword argument " "`. This is the default kind of parameter, for example *foo* and " "*bar* in the following::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:723 msgid "" ":dfn:`positional-only`: specifies an argument that can be supplied only by " "position. Python has no syntax for defining positional-only parameters. " "However, some built-in functions have positional-only parameters (e.g. :func:" "`abs`)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:730 msgid "" ":dfn:`keyword-only`: specifies an argument that can be supplied only by " "keyword. Keyword-only parameters can be defined by including a single var-" "positional parameter or bare ``*`` in the parameter list of the function " "definition before them, for example *kw_only1* and *kw_only2* in the " "following::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:738 msgid "" ":dfn:`var-positional`: specifies that an arbitrary sequence of positional " "arguments can be provided (in addition to any positional arguments already " "accepted by other parameters). Such a parameter can be defined by " "prepending the parameter name with ``*``, for example *args* in the " "following::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:746 msgid "" ":dfn:`var-keyword`: specifies that arbitrarily many keyword arguments can be " "provided (in addition to any keyword arguments already accepted by other " "parameters). Such a parameter can be defined by prepending the parameter " "name with ``**``, for example *kwargs* in the example above." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:752 msgid "" "Parameters can specify both optional and required arguments, as well as " "default values for some optional arguments." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:755 msgid "" "See also the :term:`argument` glossary entry, the FAQ question on :ref:`the " "difference between arguments and parameters `, " "the :class:`inspect.Parameter` class, the :ref:`function` section, and :pep:" "`362`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:759 msgid "path entry" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:761 msgid "" "A single location on the :term:`import path` which the :term:`path based " "finder` consults to find modules for importing." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:763 msgid "path entry finder" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:765 msgid "" "A :term:`finder` returned by a callable on :data:`sys.path_hooks` (i.e. a :" "term:`path entry hook`) which knows how to locate modules given a :term:" "`path entry`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:769 msgid "" "See :class:`importlib.abc.PathEntryFinder` for the methods that path entry " "finders implement." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:771 msgid "path entry hook" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:773 msgid "" "A callable on the :data:`sys.path_hook` list which returns a :term:`path " "entry finder` if it knows how to find modules on a specific :term:`path " "entry`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:776 msgid "path based finder" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:778 msgid "" "One of the default :term:`meta path finders ` which " "searches an :term:`import path` for modules." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:780 msgid "path-like object" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:782 msgid "" "An object representing a file system path. A path-like object is either a :" "class:`str` or :class:`bytes` object representing a path, or an object " "implementing the :class:`os.PathLike` protocol. An object that supports the :" "class:`os.PathLike` protocol can be converted to a :class:`str` or :class:" "`bytes` file system path by calling the :func:`os.fspath` function; :func:" "`os.fsdecode` and :func:`os.fsencode` can be used to guarantee a :class:" "`str` or :class:`bytes` result instead, respectively. Introduced by :pep:" "`519`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:790 msgid "portion" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:792 msgid "" "A set of files in a single directory (possibly stored in a zip file) that " "contribute to a namespace package, as defined in :pep:`420`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:794 msgid "positional argument" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:797 msgid "provisional API" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:799 msgid "" "A provisional API is one which has been deliberately excluded from the " "standard library's backwards compatibility guarantees. While major changes " "to such interfaces are not expected, as long as they are marked provisional, " "backwards incompatible changes (up to and including removal of the " "interface) may occur if deemed necessary by core developers. Such changes " "will not be made gratuitously -- they will occur only if serious fundamental " "flaws are uncovered that were missed prior to the inclusion of the API." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:808 msgid "" "Even for provisional APIs, backwards incompatible changes are seen as a " "\"solution of last resort\" - every attempt will still be made to find a " "backwards compatible resolution to any identified problems." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:812 msgid "" "This process allows the standard library to continue to evolve over time, " "without locking in problematic design errors for extended periods of time. " "See :pep:`411` for more details." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:815 msgid "provisional package" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:817 msgid "See :term:`provisional API`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:818 msgid "Python 3000" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:820 msgid "" "Nickname for the Python 3.x release line (coined long ago when the release " "of version 3 was something in the distant future.) This is also abbreviated " "\"Py3k\"." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:823 msgid "Pythonic" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:825 msgid "" "An idea or piece of code which closely follows the most common idioms of the " "Python language, rather than implementing code using concepts common to " "other languages. For example, a common idiom in Python is to loop over all " "elements of an iterable using a :keyword:`for` statement. Many other " "languages don't have this type of construct, so people unfamiliar with " "Python sometimes use a numerical counter instead::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:835 msgid "As opposed to the cleaner, Pythonic method::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:839 msgid "qualified name" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:841 msgid "" "A dotted name showing the \"path\" from a module's global scope to a class, " "function or method defined in that module, as defined in :pep:`3155`. For " "top-level functions and classes, the qualified name is the same as the " "object's name::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:858 msgid "" "When used to refer to modules, the *fully qualified name* means the entire " "dotted path to the module, including any parent packages, e.g. ``email.mime." "text``::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:865 msgid "reference count" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:867 msgid "" "The number of references to an object. When the reference count of an " "object drops to zero, it is deallocated. Reference counting is generally " "not visible to Python code, but it is a key element of the :term:`CPython` " "implementation. The :mod:`sys` module defines a :func:`~sys.getrefcount` " "function that programmers can call to return the reference count for a " "particular object." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:873 msgid "regular package" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:875 msgid "" "A traditional :term:`package`, such as a directory containing an ``__init__." "py`` file." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:878 msgid "See also :term:`namespace package`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:879 msgid "__slots__" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:881 msgid "" "A declaration inside a class that saves memory by pre-declaring space for " "instance attributes and eliminating instance dictionaries. Though popular, " "the technique is somewhat tricky to get right and is best reserved for rare " "cases where there are large numbers of instances in a memory-critical " "application." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:886 msgid "sequence" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:888 msgid "" "An :term:`iterable` which supports efficient element access using integer " "indices via the :meth:`__getitem__` special method and defines a :meth:" "`__len__` method that returns the length of the sequence. Some built-in " "sequence types are :class:`list`, :class:`str`, :class:`tuple`, and :class:" "`bytes`. Note that :class:`dict` also supports :meth:`__getitem__` and :meth:" "`__len__`, but is considered a mapping rather than a sequence because the " "lookups use arbitrary :term:`immutable` keys rather than integers." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:897 msgid "" "The :class:`collections.abc.Sequence` abstract base class defines a much " "richer interface that goes beyond just :meth:`__getitem__` and :meth:" "`__len__`, adding :meth:`count`, :meth:`index`, :meth:`__contains__`, and :" "meth:`__reversed__`. Types that implement this expanded interface can be " "registered explicitly using :func:`~abc.register`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:904 msgid "single dispatch" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:906 msgid "" "A form of :term:`generic function` dispatch where the implementation is " "chosen based on the type of a single argument." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:908 msgid "slice" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:910 msgid "" "An object usually containing a portion of a :term:`sequence`. A slice is " "created using the subscript notation, ``[]`` with colons between numbers " "when several are given, such as in ``variable_name[1:3:5]``. The bracket " "(subscript) notation uses :class:`slice` objects internally." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:914 msgid "special method" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:916 msgid "" "A method that is called implicitly by Python to execute a certain operation " "on a type, such as addition. Such methods have names starting and ending " "with double underscores. Special methods are documented in :ref:" "`specialnames`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:920 msgid "statement" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:922 msgid "" "A statement is part of a suite (a \"block\" of code). A statement is either " "an :term:`expression` or one of several constructs with a keyword, such as :" "keyword:`if`, :keyword:`while` or :keyword:`for`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:925 msgid "struct sequence" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:927 msgid "" "A tuple with named elements. Struct sequences expose an interface similar " "to :term:`named tuple` in that elements can either be accessed either by " "index or as an attribute. However, they do not have any of the named tuple " "methods like :meth:`~collections.somenamedtuple._make` or :meth:" "`~collections.somenamedtuple._asdict`. Examples of struct sequences include :" "data:`sys.float_info` and the return value of :func:`os.stat`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:933 msgid "text encoding" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:935 msgid "A codec which encodes Unicode strings to bytes." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:936 msgid "text file" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:938 msgid "" "A :term:`file object` able to read and write :class:`str` objects. Often, a " "text file actually accesses a byte-oriented datastream and handles the :term:" "`text encoding` automatically." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:943 msgid "A :term:`binary file` reads and write :class:`bytes` objects." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:944 msgid "triple-quoted string" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:946 msgid "" "A string which is bound by three instances of either a quotation mark (\") " "or an apostrophe ('). While they don't provide any functionality not " "available with single-quoted strings, they are useful for a number of " "reasons. They allow you to include unescaped single and double quotes " "within a string and they can span multiple lines without the use of the " "continuation character, making them especially useful when writing " "docstrings." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:953 msgid "type" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:955 msgid "" "The type of a Python object determines what kind of object it is; every " "object has a type. An object's type is accessible as its :attr:`~instance." "__class__` attribute or can be retrieved with ``type(obj)``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:959 msgid "universal newlines" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:961 msgid "" "A manner of interpreting text streams in which all of the following are " "recognized as ending a line: the Unix end-of-line convention ``'\\n'``, the " "Windows convention ``'\\r\\n'``, and the old Macintosh convention " "``'\\r'``. See :pep:`278` and :pep:`3116`, as well as :func:`bytes." "splitlines` for an additional use." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:966 msgid "variable annotation" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:968 msgid "" "A type metadata value associated with a module global variable or a class " "attribute. Its syntax is explained in section :ref:`annassign`. Annotations " "are stored in the :attr:`__annotations__` special attribute of a class or " "module object and can be accessed using :func:`typing.get_type_hints`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:974 msgid "" "Python itself does not assign any particular meaning to variable " "annotations. They are intended to be interpreted by third-party libraries or " "type checking tools. See :pep:`526`, :pep:`484` which describe some of their " "potential uses." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:978 msgid "virtual environment" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:980 msgid "" "A cooperatively isolated runtime environment that allows Python users and " "applications to install and upgrade Python distribution packages without " "interfering with the behaviour of other Python applications running on the " "same system." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:985 msgid "See also :mod:`venv`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:986 msgid "virtual machine" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:988 msgid "" "A computer defined entirely in software. Python's virtual machine executes " "the :term:`bytecode` emitted by the bytecode compiler." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:990 msgid "Zen of Python" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/glossary.rst:992 msgid "" "Listing of Python design principles and philosophies that are helpful in " "understanding and using the language. The listing can be found by typing " "\"``import this``\" at the interactive prompt." msgstr ""