python-docs-fr/library/socket.po

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#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:2
msgid ":mod:`socket` --- Low-level networking interface"
msgstr ":mod:`socket` — Gestion réseau de bas niveau"

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:8
msgid ""
"This module provides access to the BSD *socket* interface. It is available "
"on all modern Unix systems, Windows, Mac OS X, BeOS, OS/2, and probably "
"additional platforms."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:14
msgid ""
"Some behavior may be platform dependent, since calls are made to the "
"operating system socket APIs."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:17
msgid ""
"For an introduction to socket programming (in C), see the following papers: "
"An Introductory 4.3BSD Interprocess Communication Tutorial, by Stuart "
"Sechrest and An Advanced 4.3BSD Interprocess Communication Tutorial, by "
"Samuel J.  Leffler et al, both in the UNIX Programmer's Manual, "
"Supplementary Documents 1 (sections PS1:7 and PS1:8).  The platform-specific "
"reference material for the various socket-related system calls are also a "
"valuable source of information on the details of socket semantics.  For "
"Unix, refer to the manual pages; for Windows, see the WinSock (or Winsock 2) "
"specification. For IPv6-ready APIs, readers may want to refer to :rfc:`3493` "
"titled Basic Socket Interface Extensions for IPv6."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:29
msgid ""
"The Python interface is a straightforward transliteration of the Unix system "
"call and library interface for sockets to Python's object-oriented style: "
"the :func:`.socket` function returns a :dfn:`socket object` whose methods "
"implement the various socket system calls.  Parameter types are somewhat "
"higher-level than in the C interface: as with :meth:`read` and :meth:`write` "
"operations on Python files, buffer allocation on receive operations is "
"automatic, and buffer length is implicit on send operations."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:39
msgid ""
"Socket addresses are represented as follows: A single string is used for "
"the :const:`AF_UNIX` address family. A pair ``(host, port)`` is used for "
"the :const:`AF_INET` address family, where *host* is a string representing "
"either a hostname in Internet domain notation like ``'daring.cwi.nl'`` or an "
"IPv4 address like ``'100.50.200.5'``, and *port* is an integer. For :const:"
"`AF_INET6` address family, a four-tuple ``(host, port, flowinfo, scopeid)`` "
"is used, where *flowinfo* and *scopeid* represents ``sin6_flowinfo`` and "
"``sin6_scope_id`` member in :const:`struct sockaddr_in6` in C. For :mod:"
"`socket` module methods, *flowinfo* and *scopeid* can be omitted just for "
"backward compatibility. Note, however, omission of *scopeid* can cause "
"problems in manipulating scoped IPv6 addresses. Other address families are "
"currently not supported. The address format required by a particular socket "
"object is automatically selected based on the address family specified when "
"the socket object was created."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:54
msgid ""
"For IPv4 addresses, two special forms are accepted instead of a host "
"address: the empty string represents :const:`INADDR_ANY`, and the string "
"``'<broadcast>'`` represents :const:`INADDR_BROADCAST`. The behavior is not "
"available for IPv6 for backward compatibility, therefore, you may want to "
"avoid these if you intend to support IPv6 with your Python programs."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:60
msgid ""
"If you use a hostname in the *host* portion of IPv4/v6 socket address, the "
"program may show a nondeterministic behavior, as Python uses the first "
"address returned from the DNS resolution.  The socket address will be "
"resolved differently into an actual IPv4/v6 address, depending on the "
"results from DNS resolution and/or the host configuration.  For "
"deterministic behavior use a numeric address in *host* portion."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:67
msgid "AF_NETLINK sockets are represented as  pairs ``pid, groups``."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:70
msgid ""
"Linux-only support for TIPC is also available using the :const:`AF_TIPC` "
"address family. TIPC is an open, non-IP based networked protocol designed "
"for use in clustered computer environments.  Addresses are represented by a "
"tuple, and the fields depend on the address type. The general tuple form is "
"``(addr_type, v1, v2, v3 [, scope])``, where:"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:77
msgid ""
"*addr_type* is one of :const:`TIPC_ADDR_NAMESEQ`, :const:`TIPC_ADDR_NAME`, "
"or :const:`TIPC_ADDR_ID`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:79
msgid ""
"*scope* is one of :const:`TIPC_ZONE_SCOPE`, :const:`TIPC_CLUSTER_SCOPE`, "
"and :const:`TIPC_NODE_SCOPE`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:81
msgid ""
"If *addr_type* is :const:`TIPC_ADDR_NAME`, then *v1* is the server type, "
"*v2* is the port identifier, and *v3* should be 0."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:84
msgid ""
"If *addr_type* is :const:`TIPC_ADDR_NAMESEQ`, then *v1* is the server type, "
"*v2* is the lower port number, and *v3* is the upper port number."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:87
msgid ""
"If *addr_type* is :const:`TIPC_ADDR_ID`, then *v1* is the node, *v2* is the "
"reference, and *v3* should be set to 0."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:91
msgid ""
"All errors raise exceptions.  The normal exceptions for invalid argument "
"types and out-of-memory conditions can be raised; errors related to socket "
"or address semantics raise the error :exc:`socket.error`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:95
msgid ""
"Non-blocking mode is supported through :meth:`~socket.setblocking`.  A "
"generalization of this based on timeouts is supported through :meth:`~socket."
"settimeout`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:99
msgid "The module :mod:`socket` exports the following constants and functions:"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:106
msgid ""
"This exception is raised for socket-related errors. The accompanying value "
"is either a string telling what went wrong or a pair ``(errno, string)`` "
"representing an error returned by a system call, similar to the value "
"accompanying :exc:`os.error`. See the module :mod:`errno`, which contains "
"names for the error codes defined by the underlying operating system."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:112
msgid ":exc:`socket.error` is now a child class of :exc:`IOError`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:118
msgid ""
"This exception is raised for address-related errors, i.e. for functions that "
"use *h_errno* in the C API, including :func:`gethostbyname_ex` and :func:"
"`gethostbyaddr`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:122
msgid ""
"The accompanying value is a pair ``(h_errno, string)`` representing an error "
"returned by a library call. *string* represents the description of "
"*h_errno*, as returned by the :c:func:`hstrerror` C function."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:129
msgid ""
"This exception is raised for address-related errors, for :func:`getaddrinfo` "
"and :func:`getnameinfo`. The accompanying value is a pair ``(error, "
"string)`` representing an error returned by a library call. *string* "
"represents the description of *error*, as returned by the :c:func:"
"`gai_strerror` C function. The *error* value will match one of the :const:"
"`EAI_\\*` constants defined in this module."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:139
msgid ""
"This exception is raised when a timeout occurs on a socket which has had "
"timeouts enabled via a prior call to :meth:`settimeout`.  The accompanying "
"value is a string whose value is currently always \"timed out\"."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:150
msgid ""
"These constants represent the address (and protocol) families, used for the "
"first argument to :func:`.socket`.  If the :const:`AF_UNIX` constant is not "
"defined then this protocol is unsupported."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:161
msgid ""
"These constants represent the socket types, used for the second argument to :"
"func:`socket`. (Only :const:`SOCK_STREAM` and :const:`SOCK_DGRAM` appear to "
"be generally useful.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:180
msgid ""
"Many constants of these forms, documented in the Unix documentation on "
"sockets and/or the IP protocol, are also defined in the socket module. They "
"are generally used in arguments to the :meth:`setsockopt` and :meth:"
"`getsockopt` methods of socket objects.  In most cases, only those symbols "
"that are defined in the Unix header files are defined; for a few symbols, "
"default values are provided."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:190
msgid ""
"Constants for Windows' WSAIoctl(). The constants are used as arguments to "
"the :meth:`~socket.socket.ioctl` method of socket objects."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:197
msgid ""
"TIPC related constants, matching the ones exported by the C socket API. See "
"the TIPC documentation for more information."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:204
msgid ""
"This constant contains a boolean value which indicates if IPv6 is supported "
"on this platform."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:212
msgid ""
"Connect to a TCP service listening on the Internet *address* (a 2-tuple "
"``(host, port)``), and return the socket object.  This is a higher-level "
"function than :meth:`socket.connect`: if *host* is a non-numeric hostname, "
"it will try to resolve it for both :data:`AF_INET` and :data:`AF_INET6`, and "
"then try to connect to all possible addresses in turn until a connection "
"succeeds.  This makes it easy to write clients that are compatible to both "
"IPv4 and IPv6."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:220
msgid ""
"Passing the optional *timeout* parameter will set the timeout on the socket "
"instance before attempting to connect.  If no *timeout* is supplied, the "
"global default timeout setting returned by :func:`getdefaulttimeout` is used."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:225
msgid ""
"If supplied, *source_address* must be a 2-tuple ``(host, port)`` for the "
"socket to bind to as its source address before connecting.  If host or port "
"are '' or 0 respectively the OS default behavior will be used."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:231
msgid "*source_address* was added."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:237
msgid ""
"Translate the *host*/*port* argument into a sequence of 5-tuples that "
"contain all the necessary arguments for creating a socket connected to that "
"service. *host* is a domain name, a string representation of an IPv4/v6 "
"address or ``None``. *port* is a string service name such as ``'http'``, a "
"numeric port number or ``None``.  By passing ``None`` as the value of *host* "
"and *port*, you can pass ``NULL`` to the underlying C API."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:244
msgid ""
"The *family*, *socktype* and *proto* arguments can be optionally specified "
"in order to narrow the list of addresses returned.  By default, their value "
"is ``0``, meaning that the full range of results is selected. The *flags* "
"argument can be one or several of the ``AI_*`` constants, and will influence "
"how results are computed and returned.  Its default value is ``0``.  For "
"example, :const:`AI_NUMERICHOST` will disable domain name resolution and "
"will raise an error if *host* is a domain name."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:252
msgid "The function returns a list of 5-tuples with the following structure:"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:254
msgid "``(family, socktype, proto, canonname, sockaddr)``"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:256
msgid ""
"In these tuples, *family*, *socktype*, *proto* are all integers and are "
"meant to be passed to the :func:`.socket` function.  *canonname* will be a "
"string representing the canonical name of the *host* if :const:"
"`AI_CANONNAME` is part of the *flags* argument; else *canonname* will be "
"empty.  *sockaddr* is a tuple describing a socket address, whose format "
"depends on the returned *family* (a ``(address, port)`` 2-tuple for :const:"
"`AF_INET`, a ``(address, port, flow info, scope id)`` 4-tuple for :const:"
"`AF_INET6`), and is meant to be passed to the :meth:`socket.connect` method."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:266
msgid ""
"The following example fetches address information for a hypothetical TCP "
"connection to ``example.org`` on port 80 (results may differ on your system "
"if IPv6 isn't enabled)::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:279
msgid ""
"Return a fully qualified domain name for *name*. If *name* is omitted or "
"empty, it is interpreted as the local host.  To find the fully qualified "
"name, the hostname returned by :func:`gethostbyaddr` is checked, followed by "
"aliases for the host, if available.  The first name which includes a period "
"is selected.  In case no fully qualified domain name is available, the "
"hostname as returned by :func:`gethostname` is returned."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:291
msgid ""
"Translate a host name to IPv4 address format.  The IPv4 address is returned "
"as a string, such as  ``'100.50.200.5'``.  If the host name is an IPv4 "
"address itself it is returned unchanged.  See :func:`gethostbyname_ex` for a "
"more complete interface. :func:`gethostbyname` does not support IPv6 name "
"resolution, and :func:`getaddrinfo` should be used instead for IPv4/v6 dual "
"stack support."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:300
msgid ""
"Translate a host name to IPv4 address format, extended interface. Return a "
"triple ``(hostname, aliaslist, ipaddrlist)`` where *hostname* is the primary "
"host name responding to the given *ip_address*, *aliaslist* is a (possibly "
"empty) list of alternative host names for the same address, and *ipaddrlist* "
"is a list of IPv4 addresses for the same interface on the same host (often "
"but not always a single address). :func:`gethostbyname_ex` does not support "
"IPv6 name resolution, and :func:`getaddrinfo` should be used instead for "
"IPv4/v6 dual stack support."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:312
msgid ""
"Return a string containing the hostname of the machine where  the Python "
"interpreter is currently executing."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:315
msgid ""
"If you want to know the current machine's IP address, you may want to use "
"``gethostbyname(gethostname())``. This operation assumes that there is a "
"valid address-to-host mapping for the host, and the assumption does not "
"always hold."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:320
msgid ""
"Note: :func:`gethostname` doesn't always return the fully qualified domain "
"name; use ``getfqdn()`` (see above)."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:326
msgid ""
"Return a triple ``(hostname, aliaslist, ipaddrlist)`` where *hostname* is "
"the primary host name responding to the given *ip_address*, *aliaslist* is a "
"(possibly empty) list of alternative host names for the same address, and "
"*ipaddrlist* is a list of IPv4/v6 addresses for the same interface on the "
"same host (most likely containing only a single address). To find the fully "
"qualified domain name, use the function :func:`getfqdn`. :func:"
"`gethostbyaddr` supports both IPv4 and IPv6."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:337
msgid ""
"Translate a socket address *sockaddr* into a 2-tuple ``(host, port)``. "
"Depending on the settings of *flags*, the result can contain a fully-"
"qualified domain name or numeric address representation in *host*.  "
"Similarly, *port* can contain a string port name or a numeric port number."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:347
msgid ""
"Translate an Internet protocol name (for example, ``'icmp'``) to a constant "
"suitable for passing as the (optional) third argument to the :func:`.socket` "
"function.  This is usually only needed for sockets opened in \"raw\" mode (:"
"const:`SOCK_RAW`); for the normal socket modes, the correct protocol is "
"chosen automatically if the protocol is omitted or zero."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:356
msgid ""
"Translate an Internet service name and protocol name to a port number for "
"that service.  The optional protocol name, if given, should be ``'tcp'`` or "
"``'udp'``, otherwise any protocol will match."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:363
msgid ""
"Translate an Internet port number and protocol name to a service name for "
"that service.  The optional protocol name, if given, should be ``'tcp'`` or "
"``'udp'``, otherwise any protocol will match."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:370
msgid ""
"Create a new socket using the given address family, socket type and protocol "
"number.  The address family should be :const:`AF_INET` (the default), :const:"
"`AF_INET6` or :const:`AF_UNIX`.  The socket type should be :const:"
"`SOCK_STREAM` (the default), :const:`SOCK_DGRAM` or perhaps one of the other "
"``SOCK_`` constants.  The protocol number is usually zero and may be omitted "
"in that case."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:380
msgid ""
"Build a pair of connected socket objects using the given address family, "
"socket type, and protocol number.  Address family, socket type, and protocol "
"number are as for the :func:`.socket` function above. The default family is :"
"const:`AF_UNIX` if defined on the platform; otherwise, the default is :const:"
"`AF_INET`. Availability: Unix."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:391
msgid ""
"Duplicate the file descriptor *fd* (an integer as returned by a file "
"object's :meth:`fileno` method) and build a socket object from the result.  "
"Address family, socket type and protocol number are as for the :func:`."
"socket` function above. The file descriptor should refer to a socket, but "
"this is not checked --- subsequent operations on the object may fail if the "
"file descriptor is invalid. This function is rarely needed, but can be used "
"to get or set socket options on a socket passed to a program as standard "
"input or output (such as a server started by the Unix inet daemon).  The "
"socket is assumed to be in blocking mode. Availability: Unix."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:404
msgid ""
"Convert 32-bit positive integers from network to host byte order.  On "
"machines where the host byte order is the same as network byte order, this "
"is a no-op; otherwise, it performs a 4-byte swap operation."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:411
msgid ""
"Convert 16-bit positive integers from network to host byte order.  On "
"machines where the host byte order is the same as network byte order, this "
"is a no-op; otherwise, it performs a 2-byte swap operation."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:418
msgid ""
"Convert 32-bit positive integers from host to network byte order.  On "
"machines where the host byte order is the same as network byte order, this "
"is a no-op; otherwise, it performs a 4-byte swap operation."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:425
msgid ""
"Convert 16-bit positive integers from host to network byte order.  On "
"machines where the host byte order is the same as network byte order, this "
"is a no-op; otherwise, it performs a 2-byte swap operation."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:432
msgid ""
"Convert an IPv4 address from dotted-quad string format (for example, "
"'123.45.67.89') to 32-bit packed binary format, as a string four characters "
"in length.  This is useful when conversing with a program that uses the "
"standard C library and needs objects of type :c:type:`struct in_addr`, which "
"is the C type for the 32-bit packed binary this function returns."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:438
msgid ""
":func:`inet_aton` also accepts strings with less than three dots; see the "
"Unix manual page :manpage:`inet(3)` for details."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:441
msgid ""
"If the IPv4 address string passed to this function is invalid, :exc:`socket."
"error` will be raised. Note that exactly what is valid depends on the "
"underlying C implementation of :c:func:`inet_aton`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:445
msgid ""
":func:`inet_aton` does not support IPv6, and :func:`inet_pton` should be "
"used instead for IPv4/v6 dual stack support."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:451
msgid ""
"Convert a 32-bit packed IPv4 address (a string four characters in length) to "
"its standard dotted-quad string representation (for example, "
"'123.45.67.89').  This is useful when conversing with a program that uses "
"the standard C library and needs objects of type :c:type:`struct in_addr`, "
"which is the C type for the 32-bit packed binary data this function takes as "
"an argument."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:457
msgid ""
"If the string passed to this function is not exactly 4 bytes in length, :exc:"
"`socket.error` will be raised. :func:`inet_ntoa` does not support IPv6, and :"
"func:`inet_ntop` should be used instead for IPv4/v6 dual stack support."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:464
msgid ""
"Convert an IP address from its family-specific string format to a packed, "
"binary format. :func:`inet_pton` is useful when a library or network "
"protocol calls for an object of type :c:type:`struct in_addr` (similar to :"
"func:`inet_aton`) or :c:type:`struct in6_addr`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:469
msgid ""
"Supported values for *address_family* are currently :const:`AF_INET` and :"
"const:`AF_INET6`. If the IP address string *ip_string* is invalid, :exc:"
"`socket.error` will be raised. Note that exactly what is valid depends on "
"both the value of *address_family* and the underlying implementation of :c:"
"func:`inet_pton`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:475 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:493
msgid "Availability: Unix (maybe not all platforms)."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:482
msgid ""
"Convert a packed IP address (a string of some number of characters) to its "
"standard, family-specific string representation (for example, ``'7.10.0.5'`` "
"or ``'5aef:2b::8'``) :func:`inet_ntop` is useful when a library or network "
"protocol returns an object of type :c:type:`struct in_addr` (similar to :"
"func:`inet_ntoa`) or :c:type:`struct in6_addr`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:488
msgid ""
"Supported values for *address_family* are currently :const:`AF_INET` and :"
"const:`AF_INET6`. If the string *packed_ip* is not the correct length for "
"the specified address family, :exc:`ValueError` will be raised.  A :exc:"
"`socket.error` is raised for errors from the call to :func:`inet_ntop`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:500
msgid ""
"Return the default timeout in seconds (float) for new socket objects. A "
"value of ``None`` indicates that new socket objects have no timeout. When "
"the socket module is first imported, the default is ``None``."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:509
msgid ""
"Set the default timeout in seconds (float) for new socket objects. A value "
"of ``None`` indicates that new socket objects have no timeout. When the "
"socket module is first imported, the default is ``None``."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:518
msgid ""
"This is a Python type object that represents the socket object type. It is "
"the same as ``type(socket(...))``."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:525
msgid "Module :mod:`SocketServer`"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:525
msgid "Classes that simplify writing network servers."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:527
msgid "Module :mod:`ssl`"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:528
msgid "A TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:534
msgid "Socket Objects"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:536
msgid ""
"Socket objects have the following methods.  Except for :meth:`makefile` "
"these correspond to Unix system calls applicable to sockets."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:542
msgid ""
"Accept a connection. The socket must be bound to an address and listening "
"for connections. The return value is a pair ``(conn, address)`` where *conn* "
"is a *new* socket object usable to send and receive data on the connection, "
"and *address* is the address bound to the socket on the other end of the "
"connection."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:550
msgid ""
"Bind the socket to *address*.  The socket must not already be bound. (The "
"format of *address* depends on the address family --- see above.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:555 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:581
msgid ""
"This method has historically accepted a pair of parameters for :const:"
"`AF_INET` addresses instead of only a tuple.  This was never intentional and "
"is no longer available in Python 2.0 and later."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:562
msgid ""
"Close the socket.  All future operations on the socket object will fail. The "
"remote end will receive no more data (after queued data is flushed). Sockets "
"are automatically closed when they are garbage-collected."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:568
msgid ""
":meth:`close()` releases the resource associated with a connection but does "
"not necessarily close the connection immediately.  If you want to close the "
"connection in a timely fashion, call :meth:`shutdown()` before :meth:"
"`close()`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:576
msgid ""
"Connect to a remote socket at *address*. (The format of *address* depends on "
"the address family --- see above.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:588
msgid ""
"Like ``connect(address)``, but return an error indicator instead of raising "
"an exception for errors returned by the C-level :c:func:`connect` call "
"(other problems, such as \"host not found,\" can still raise exceptions).  "
"The error indicator is ``0`` if the operation succeeded, otherwise the value "
"of the :c:data:`errno` variable.  This is useful to support, for example, "
"asynchronous connects."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:597
msgid ""
"This method has historically accepted a pair of parameters for :const:"
"`AF_INET` addresses instead of only a tuple. This was never intentional and "
"is no longer available in Python 2.0 and later."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:604
msgid ""
"Return the socket's file descriptor (a small integer).  This is useful with :"
"func:`select.select`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:607
msgid ""
"Under Windows the small integer returned by this method cannot be used where "
"a file descriptor can be used (such as :func:`os.fdopen`).  Unix does not "
"have this limitation."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:614
msgid ""
"Return the remote address to which the socket is connected.  This is useful "
"to find out the port number of a remote IPv4/v6 socket, for instance. (The "
"format of the address returned depends on the address family --- see "
"above.)  On some systems this function is not supported."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:622
msgid ""
"Return the socket's own address.  This is useful to find out the port number "
"of an IPv4/v6 socket, for instance. (The format of the address returned "
"depends on the address family --- see above.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:629
msgid ""
"Return the value of the given socket option (see the Unix man page :manpage:"
"`getsockopt(2)`).  The needed symbolic constants (:const:`SO_\\*` etc.) are "
"defined in this module.  If *buflen* is absent, an integer option is assumed "
"and its integer value is returned by the function.  If *buflen* is present, "
"it specifies the maximum length of the buffer used to receive the option in, "
"and this buffer is returned as a string.  It is up to the caller to decode "
"the contents of the buffer (see the optional built-in module :mod:`struct` "
"for a way to decode C structures encoded as strings)."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:641
msgid "Windows"
msgstr "Windows"

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:643
msgid ""
"The :meth:`ioctl` method is a limited interface to the WSAIoctl system "
"interface.  Please refer to the `Win32 documentation <https://msdn.microsoft."
"com/en-us/library/ms741621%28VS.85%29.aspx>`_ for more information."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:648
msgid ""
"On other platforms, the generic :func:`fcntl.fcntl` and :func:`fcntl.ioctl` "
"functions may be used; they accept a socket object as their first argument."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:656
msgid ""
"Listen for connections made to the socket.  The *backlog* argument specifies "
"the maximum number of queued connections and should be at least 0; the "
"maximum value is system-dependent (usually 5), the minimum value is forced "
"to 0."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:665
msgid ""
"Return a :dfn:`file object` associated with the socket.  (File objects are "
"described in :ref:`bltin-file-objects`.) The file object does not close the "
"socket explicitly when its :meth:`close` method is called, but only removes "
"its reference to the socket object, so that the socket will be closed if it "
"is not referenced from anywhere else."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:671
msgid ""
"The socket must be in blocking mode (it can not have a timeout). The "
"optional *mode* and *bufsize* arguments are interpreted the same way as by "
"the built-in :func:`file` function."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:677
msgid ""
"On Windows, the file-like object created by :meth:`makefile` cannot be used "
"where a file object with a file descriptor is expected, such as the stream "
"arguments of :meth:`subprocess.Popen`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:684
msgid ""
"Receive data from the socket.  The return value is a string representing the "
"data received.  The maximum amount of data to be received at once is "
"specified by *bufsize*.  See the Unix manual page :manpage:`recv(2)` for the "
"meaning of the optional argument *flags*; it defaults to zero."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:691
msgid ""
"For best match with hardware and network realities, the value of  *bufsize* "
"should be a relatively small power of 2, for example, 4096."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:697
msgid ""
"Receive data from the socket.  The return value is a pair ``(string, "
"address)`` where *string* is a string representing the data received and "
"*address* is the address of the socket sending the data.  See the Unix "
"manual page :manpage:`recv(2)` for the meaning of the optional argument "
"*flags*; it defaults to zero. (The format of *address* depends on the "
"address family --- see above.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:706
msgid ""
"Receive data from the socket, writing it into *buffer* instead of  creating "
"a new string.  The return value is a pair ``(nbytes, address)`` where "
"*nbytes* is the number of bytes received and *address* is the address of the "
"socket sending the data.  See the Unix manual page :manpage:`recv(2)` for "
"the meaning of the optional argument *flags*; it defaults to zero.  (The "
"format of *address* depends on the address family --- see above.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:718
msgid ""
"Receive up to *nbytes* bytes from the socket, storing the data into a buffer "
"rather than creating a new string.  If *nbytes* is not specified (or 0), "
"receive up to the size available in the given buffer.  Returns the number of "
"bytes received.  See the Unix manual page :manpage:`recv(2)` for the meaning "
"of the optional argument *flags*; it defaults to zero."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:729
msgid ""
"Send data to the socket.  The socket must be connected to a remote socket.  "
"The optional *flags* argument has the same meaning as for :meth:`recv` "
"above. Returns the number of bytes sent. Applications are responsible for "
"checking that all data has been sent; if only some of the data was "
"transmitted, the application needs to attempt delivery of the remaining "
"data. For further information on this concept, consult the :ref:`socket-"
"howto`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:739
msgid ""
"Send data to the socket.  The socket must be connected to a remote socket.  "
"The optional *flags* argument has the same meaning as for :meth:`recv` "
"above. Unlike :meth:`send`, this method continues to send data from *string* "
"until either all data has been sent or an error occurs.  ``None`` is "
"returned on success.  On error, an exception is raised, and there is no way "
"to determine how much data, if any, was successfully sent."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:750
msgid ""
"Send data to the socket.  The socket should not be connected to a remote "
"socket, since the destination socket is specified by *address*.  The "
"optional *flags* argument has the same meaning as for :meth:`recv` above.  "
"Return the number of bytes sent. (The format of *address* depends on the "
"address family --- see above.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:759
msgid ""
"Set blocking or non-blocking mode of the socket: if *flag* is 0, the socket "
"is set to non-blocking, else to blocking mode.  Initially all sockets are in "
"blocking mode.  In non-blocking mode, if a :meth:`recv` call doesn't find "
"any data, or if a :meth:`send` call can't immediately dispose of the data, "
"an :exc:`error` exception is raised; in blocking mode, the calls block until "
"they can proceed. ``s.setblocking(0)`` is equivalent to ``s."
"settimeout(0.0)``; ``s.setblocking(1)`` is equivalent to ``s."
"settimeout(None)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:770
msgid ""
"Set a timeout on blocking socket operations.  The *value* argument can be a "
"nonnegative float expressing seconds, or ``None``. If a float is given, "
"subsequent socket operations will raise a :exc:`timeout` exception if the "
"timeout period *value* has elapsed before the operation has completed.  "
"Setting a timeout of ``None`` disables timeouts on socket operations. ``s."
"settimeout(0.0)`` is equivalent to ``s.setblocking(0)``; ``s."
"settimeout(None)`` is equivalent to ``s.setblocking(1)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:783
msgid ""
"Return the timeout in seconds (float) associated with socket operations, or "
"``None`` if no timeout is set.  This reflects the last call to :meth:"
"`setblocking` or :meth:`settimeout`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:789
msgid ""
"Some notes on socket blocking and timeouts: A socket object can be in one of "
"three modes: blocking, non-blocking, or timeout.  Sockets are always created "
"in blocking mode.  In blocking mode, operations block until complete or the "
"system returns an error (such as connection timed out).  In non-blocking "
"mode, operations fail (with an error that is unfortunately system-dependent) "
"if they cannot be completed immediately.  In timeout mode, operations fail "
"if they cannot be completed within the timeout specified for the socket or "
"if the system returns an error.  The :meth:`~socket.setblocking` method is "
"simply a shorthand for certain :meth:`~socket.settimeout` calls."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:799
msgid ""
"Timeout mode internally sets the socket in non-blocking mode.  The blocking "
"and timeout modes are shared between file descriptors and socket objects "
"that refer to the same network endpoint.  A consequence of this is that file "
"objects returned by the :meth:`~socket.makefile` method must only be used "
"when the socket is in blocking mode; in timeout or non-blocking mode file "
"operations that cannot be completed immediately will fail."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:806
msgid ""
"Note that the :meth:`~socket.connect` operation is subject to the timeout "
"setting, and in general it is recommended to call :meth:`~socket.settimeout` "
"before calling :meth:`~socket.connect` or pass a timeout parameter to :meth:"
"`create_connection`.  The system network stack may return a connection "
"timeout error of its own regardless of any Python socket timeout setting."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:817
msgid ""
"Set the value of the given socket option (see the Unix manual page :manpage:"
"`setsockopt(2)`).  The needed symbolic constants are defined in the :mod:"
"`socket` module (:const:`SO_\\*` etc.).  The value can be an integer or a "
"string representing a buffer.  In the latter case it is up to the caller to "
"ensure that the string contains the proper bits (see the optional built-in "
"module :mod:`struct` for a way to encode C structures as strings)."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:827
msgid ""
"Shut down one or both halves of the connection.  If *how* is :const:"
"`SHUT_RD`, further receives are disallowed.  If *how* is :const:`SHUT_WR`, "
"further sends are disallowed.  If *how* is :const:`SHUT_RDWR`, further sends "
"and receives are disallowed.  Depending on the platform, shutting down one "
"half of the connection can also close the opposite half (e.g. on Mac OS X, "
"``shutdown(SHUT_WR)`` does not allow further reads on the other end of the "
"connection)."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:834
msgid ""
"Note that there are no methods :meth:`read` or :meth:`write`; use :meth:"
"`~socket.recv` and :meth:`~socket.send` without *flags* argument instead."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:837
msgid ""
"Socket objects also have these (read-only) attributes that correspond to the "
"values given to the :class:`socket` constructor."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:843
msgid "The socket family."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:850
msgid "The socket type."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:857
msgid "The socket protocol."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:865
msgid "Example"
msgstr "Exemple"

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:867
msgid ""
"Here are four minimal example programs using the TCP/IP protocol: a server "
"that echoes all data that it receives back (servicing only one client), and "
"a client using it.  Note that a server must perform the sequence :func:`."
"socket`, :meth:`~socket.bind`, :meth:`~socket.listen`, :meth:`~socket."
"accept` (possibly repeating the :meth:`~socket.accept` to service more than "
"one client), while a client only needs the sequence :func:`.socket`, :meth:"
"`~socket.connect`.  Also note that the server does not :meth:`~socket."
"sendall`/:meth:`~socket.recv` on the socket it is listening on but on the "
"new socket returned by :meth:`~socket.accept`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:877
msgid "The first two examples support IPv4 only. ::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:909
msgid ""
"The next two examples are identical to the above two, but support both IPv4 "
"and IPv6. The server side will listen to the first address family available "
"(it should listen to both instead). On most of IPv6-ready systems, IPv6 will "
"take precedence and the server may not accept IPv4 traffic. The client side "
"will try to connect to the all addresses returned as a result of the name "
"resolution, and sends traffic to the first one connected successfully. ::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:982
msgid ""
"The last example shows how to write a very simple network sniffer with raw "
"sockets on Windows. The example requires administrator privileges to modify "
"the interface::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1008
msgid ""
"Running an example several times with too small delay between executions, "
"could lead to this error::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1013
msgid ""
"This is because the previous execution has left the socket in a "
"``TIME_WAIT`` state, and can't be immediately reused."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1016
msgid ""
"There is a :mod:`socket` flag to set, in order to prevent this, :data:"
"`socket.SO_REUSEADDR`::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1023
msgid ""
"the :data:`SO_REUSEADDR` flag tells the kernel to reuse a local socket in "
"``TIME_WAIT`` state, without waiting for its natural timeout to expire."
msgstr ""