# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2001-2016, Python Software Foundation # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.6\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2017-10-13 22:28+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "Language: fr\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:2 msgid ":mod:`socket` --- Low-level networking interface" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:7 msgid "**Source code:** :source:`Lib/socket.py`" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:11 msgid "" "This module provides access to the BSD *socket* interface. It is available " "on all modern Unix systems, Windows, MacOS, and probably additional " "platforms." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:16 msgid "" "Some behavior may be platform dependent, since calls are made to the " "operating system socket APIs." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:21 msgid "" "The Python interface is a straightforward transliteration of the Unix system " "call and library interface for sockets to Python's object-oriented style: " "the :func:`.socket` function returns a :dfn:`socket object` whose methods " "implement the various socket system calls. Parameter types are somewhat " "higher-level than in the C interface: as with :meth:`read` and :meth:`write` " "operations on Python files, buffer allocation on receive operations is " "automatic, and buffer length is implicit on send operations." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:33 msgid "Module :mod:`socketserver`" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:33 msgid "Classes that simplify writing network servers." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:35 msgid "Module :mod:`ssl`" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:36 msgid "A TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:40 msgid "Socket families" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:42 msgid "" "Depending on the system and the build options, various socket families are " "supported by this module." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:45 msgid "" "The address format required by a particular socket object is automatically " "selected based on the address family specified when the socket object was " "created. Socket addresses are represented as follows:" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:49 msgid "" "The address of an :const:`AF_UNIX` socket bound to a file system node is " "represented as a string, using the file system encoding and the " "``'surrogateescape'`` error handler (see :pep:`383`). An address in Linux's " "abstract namespace is returned as a :term:`bytes-like object` with an " "initial null byte; note that sockets in this namespace can communicate with " "normal file system sockets, so programs intended to run on Linux may need to " "deal with both types of address. A string or bytes-like object can be used " "for either type of address when passing it as an argument." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:59 msgid "" "Previously, :const:`AF_UNIX` socket paths were assumed to use UTF-8 encoding." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:63 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:715 #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:757 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1399 msgid "Writable :term:`bytes-like object` is now accepted." msgstr "N'importe quel :term:`bytes-like object` est maintenant accepté." #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:68 msgid "" "A pair ``(host, port)`` is used for the :const:`AF_INET` address family, " "where *host* is a string representing either a hostname in Internet domain " "notation like ``'daring.cwi.nl'`` or an IPv4 address like " "``'100.50.200.5'``, and *port* is an integer." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:73 msgid "" "For :const:`AF_INET6` address family, a four-tuple ``(host, port, flowinfo, " "scopeid)`` is used, where *flowinfo* and *scopeid* represent the " "``sin6_flowinfo`` and ``sin6_scope_id`` members in :const:`struct " "sockaddr_in6` in C. For :mod:`socket` module methods, *flowinfo* and " "*scopeid* can be omitted just for backward compatibility. Note, however, " "omission of *scopeid* can cause problems in manipulating scoped IPv6 " "addresses." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:80 msgid ":const:`AF_NETLINK` sockets are represented as pairs ``(pid, groups)``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:82 msgid "" "Linux-only support for TIPC is available using the :const:`AF_TIPC` address " "family. TIPC is an open, non-IP based networked protocol designed for use " "in clustered computer environments. Addresses are represented by a tuple, " "and the fields depend on the address type. The general tuple form is " "``(addr_type, v1, v2, v3 [, scope])``, where:" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:88 msgid "" "*addr_type* is one of :const:`TIPC_ADDR_NAMESEQ`, :const:`TIPC_ADDR_NAME`, " "or :const:`TIPC_ADDR_ID`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:90 msgid "" "*scope* is one of :const:`TIPC_ZONE_SCOPE`, :const:`TIPC_CLUSTER_SCOPE`, " "and :const:`TIPC_NODE_SCOPE`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:92 msgid "" "If *addr_type* is :const:`TIPC_ADDR_NAME`, then *v1* is the server type, " "*v2* is the port identifier, and *v3* should be 0." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:95 msgid "" "If *addr_type* is :const:`TIPC_ADDR_NAMESEQ`, then *v1* is the server type, " "*v2* is the lower port number, and *v3* is the upper port number." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:98 msgid "" "If *addr_type* is :const:`TIPC_ADDR_ID`, then *v1* is the node, *v2* is the " "reference, and *v3* should be set to 0." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:101 msgid "" "A tuple ``(interface, )`` is used for the :const:`AF_CAN` address family, " "where *interface* is a string representing a network interface name like " "``'can0'``. The network interface name ``''`` can be used to receive packets " "from all network interfaces of this family." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:106 msgid "" "A string or a tuple ``(id, unit)`` is used for the :const:`SYSPROTO_CONTROL` " "protocol of the :const:`PF_SYSTEM` family. The string is the name of a " "kernel control using a dynamically-assigned ID. The tuple can be used if ID " "and unit number of the kernel control are known or if a registered ID is " "used." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:114 msgid "" ":const:`AF_BLUETOOTH` supports the following protocols and address formats:" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:117 msgid "" ":const:`BTPROTO_L2CAP` accepts ``(bdaddr, psm)`` where ``bdaddr`` is the " "Bluetooth address as a string and ``psm`` is an integer." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:120 msgid "" ":const:`BTPROTO_RFCOMM` accepts ``(bdaddr, channel)`` where ``bdaddr`` is " "the Bluetooth address as a string and ``channel`` is an integer." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:123 msgid "" ":const:`BTPROTO_HCI` accepts ``(device_id,)`` where ``device_id`` is either " "an integer or a string with the Bluetooth address of the interface. (This " "depends on your OS; NetBSD and DragonFlyBSD expect a Bluetooth address while " "everything else expects an integer.)" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:128 msgid "NetBSD and DragonFlyBSD support added." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:131 msgid "" ":const:`BTPROTO_SCO` accepts ``bdaddr`` where ``bdaddr`` is a :class:`bytes` " "object containing the Bluetooth address in a string format. (ex. " "``b'12:23:34:45:56:67'``) This protocol is not supported under FreeBSD." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:136 msgid "" ":const:`AF_ALG` is a Linux-only socket based interface to Kernel " "cryptography. An algorithm socket is configured with a tuple of two to four " "elements ``(type, name [, feat [, mask]])``, where:" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:140 msgid "" "*type* is the algorithm type as string, e.g. ``aead``, ``hash``, " "``skcipher`` or ``rng``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:143 msgid "" "*name* is the algorithm name and operation mode as string, e.g. ``sha256``, " "``hmac(sha256)``, ``cbc(aes)`` or ``drbg_nopr_ctr_aes256``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:146 msgid "*feat* and *mask* are unsigned 32bit integers." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:148 msgid "" "Availability Linux 2.6.38, some algorithm types require more recent Kernels." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:152 msgid "" "Certain other address families (:const:`AF_PACKET`, :const:`AF_CAN`) support " "specific representations." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:157 msgid "" "For IPv4 addresses, two special forms are accepted instead of a host " "address: the empty string represents :const:`INADDR_ANY`, and the string " "``''`` represents :const:`INADDR_BROADCAST`. This behavior is " "not compatible with IPv6, therefore, you may want to avoid these if you " "intend to support IPv6 with your Python programs." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:163 msgid "" "If you use a hostname in the *host* portion of IPv4/v6 socket address, the " "program may show a nondeterministic behavior, as Python uses the first " "address returned from the DNS resolution. The socket address will be " "resolved differently into an actual IPv4/v6 address, depending on the " "results from DNS resolution and/or the host configuration. For " "deterministic behavior use a numeric address in *host* portion." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:170 msgid "" "All errors raise exceptions. The normal exceptions for invalid argument " "types and out-of-memory conditions can be raised; starting from Python 3.3, " "errors related to socket or address semantics raise :exc:`OSError` or one of " "its subclasses (they used to raise :exc:`socket.error`)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:175 msgid "" "Non-blocking mode is supported through :meth:`~socket.setblocking`. A " "generalization of this based on timeouts is supported through :meth:`~socket." "settimeout`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:181 msgid "Module contents" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:183 msgid "The module :mod:`socket` exports the following elements." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:187 msgid "Exceptions" msgstr "Les exceptions" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:191 msgid "A deprecated alias of :exc:`OSError`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:193 msgid "Following :pep:`3151`, this class was made an alias of :exc:`OSError`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:199 msgid "" "A subclass of :exc:`OSError`, this exception is raised for address-related " "errors, i.e. for functions that use *h_errno* in the POSIX C API, including :" "func:`gethostbyname_ex` and :func:`gethostbyaddr`. The accompanying value is " "a pair ``(h_errno, string)`` representing an error returned by a library " "call. *h_errno* is a numeric value, while *string* represents the " "description of *h_errno*, as returned by the :c:func:`hstrerror` C function." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:207 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:220 #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:231 msgid "This class was made a subclass of :exc:`OSError`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:212 msgid "" "A subclass of :exc:`OSError`, this exception is raised for address-related " "errors by :func:`getaddrinfo` and :func:`getnameinfo`. The accompanying " "value is a pair ``(error, string)`` representing an error returned by a " "library call. *string* represents the description of *error*, as returned " "by the :c:func:`gai_strerror` C function. The numeric *error* value will " "match one of the :const:`EAI_\\*` constants defined in this module." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:225 msgid "" "A subclass of :exc:`OSError`, this exception is raised when a timeout occurs " "on a socket which has had timeouts enabled via a prior call to :meth:" "`~socket.settimeout` (or implicitly through :func:`~socket." "setdefaulttimeout`). The accompanying value is a string whose value is " "currently always \"timed out\"." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:236 msgid "Constants" msgstr "Constantes" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:238 msgid "" "The AF_* and SOCK_* constants are now :class:`AddressFamily` and :class:" "`SocketKind` :class:`.IntEnum` collections." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:247 msgid "" "These constants represent the address (and protocol) families, used for the " "first argument to :func:`.socket`. If the :const:`AF_UNIX` constant is not " "defined then this protocol is unsupported. More constants may be available " "depending on the system." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:259 msgid "" "These constants represent the socket types, used for the second argument to :" "func:`.socket`. More constants may be available depending on the system. " "(Only :const:`SOCK_STREAM` and :const:`SOCK_DGRAM` appear to be generally " "useful.)" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:267 msgid "" "These two constants, if defined, can be combined with the socket types and " "allow you to set some flags atomically (thus avoiding possible race " "conditions and the need for separate calls)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:273 msgid "" "`Secure File Descriptor Handling `_ for a more thorough explanation." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:276 msgid "Availability: Linux >= 2.6.27." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:295 msgid "" "Many constants of these forms, documented in the Unix documentation on " "sockets and/or the IP protocol, are also defined in the socket module. They " "are generally used in arguments to the :meth:`setsockopt` and :meth:" "`getsockopt` methods of socket objects. In most cases, only those symbols " "that are defined in the Unix header files are defined; for a few symbols, " "default values are provided." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:302 msgid "" "``SO_DOMAIN``, ``SO_PROTOCOL``, ``SO_PEERSEC``, ``SO_PASSSEC``, " "``TCP_USER_TIMEOUT``, ``TCP_CONGESTION`` were added." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:311 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:346 msgid "" "Many constants of these forms, documented in the Linux documentation, are " "also defined in the socket module." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:314 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:325 msgid "Availability: Linux >= 2.6.25." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:321 msgid "" "CAN_BCM, in the CAN protocol family, is the broadcast manager (BCM) " "protocol. Broadcast manager constants, documented in the Linux " "documentation, are also defined in the socket module." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:331 msgid "" "Enables CAN FD support in a CAN_RAW socket. This is disabled by default. " "This allows your application to send both CAN and CAN FD frames; however, " "you one must accept both CAN and CAN FD frames when reading from the socket." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:335 msgid "This constant is documented in the Linux documentation." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:337 msgid "Availability: Linux >= 3.6." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:349 msgid "Availability: Linux >= 2.6.30." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:359 msgid "" "Constants for Windows' WSAIoctl(). The constants are used as arguments to " "the :meth:`~socket.socket.ioctl` method of socket objects." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:362 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1039 msgid "``SIO_LOOPBACK_FAST_PATH`` was added." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:368 msgid "" "TIPC related constants, matching the ones exported by the C socket API. See " "the TIPC documentation for more information." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:375 msgid "Constants for Linux Kernel cryptography." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:377 msgid "Availability: Linux >= 2.6.38." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:383 msgid "Availability: BSD, OSX." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:389 msgid "" "This constant contains a boolean value which indicates if IPv6 is supported " "on this platform." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:395 msgid "" "These are string constants containing Bluetooth addresses with special " "meanings. For example, :const:`BDADDR_ANY` can be used to indicate any " "address when specifying the binding socket with :const:`BTPROTO_RFCOMM`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:404 msgid "" "For use with :const:`BTPROTO_HCI`. :const:`HCI_FILTER` is not available for " "NetBSD or DragonFlyBSD. :const:`HCI_TIME_STAMP` and :const:`HCI_DATA_DIR` " "are not available for FreeBSD, NetBSD, or DragonFlyBSD." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:410 msgid "Functions" msgstr "Fonctions" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:413 msgid "Creating sockets" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:415 msgid "" "The following functions all create :ref:`socket objects `." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:420 msgid "" "Create a new socket using the given address family, socket type and protocol " "number. The address family should be :const:`AF_INET` (the default), :const:" "`AF_INET6`, :const:`AF_UNIX`, :const:`AF_CAN` or :const:`AF_RDS`. The socket " "type should be :const:`SOCK_STREAM` (the default), :const:`SOCK_DGRAM`, :" "const:`SOCK_RAW` or perhaps one of the other ``SOCK_`` constants. The " "protocol number is usually zero and may be omitted or in the case where the " "address family is :const:`AF_CAN` the protocol should be one of :const:" "`CAN_RAW` or :const:`CAN_BCM`. If *fileno* is specified, the other " "arguments are ignored, causing the socket with the specified file descriptor " "to return. Unlike :func:`socket.fromfd`, *fileno* will return the same " "socket and not a duplicate. This may help close a detached socket using :" "meth:`socket.close()`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:433 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:500 #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:883 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:966 msgid "The newly created socket is :ref:`non-inheritable `." msgstr "" "Il n'est :ref:`pas possible d'hériter ` de la *socket* " "nouvellement créé." #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:435 msgid "The AF_CAN family was added. The AF_RDS family was added." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:439 msgid "The CAN_BCM protocol was added." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:442 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:502 msgid "The returned socket is now non-inheritable." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:448 msgid "" "Build a pair of connected socket objects using the given address family, " "socket type, and protocol number. Address family, socket type, and protocol " "number are as for the :func:`.socket` function above. The default family is :" "const:`AF_UNIX` if defined on the platform; otherwise, the default is :const:" "`AF_INET`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:453 msgid "The newly created sockets are :ref:`non-inheritable `." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:455 msgid "" "The returned socket objects now support the whole socket API, rather than a " "subset." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:459 msgid "The returned sockets are now non-inheritable." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:462 msgid "Windows support added." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:468 msgid "" "Connect to a TCP service listening on the Internet *address* (a 2-tuple " "``(host, port)``), and return the socket object. This is a higher-level " "function than :meth:`socket.connect`: if *host* is a non-numeric hostname, " "it will try to resolve it for both :data:`AF_INET` and :data:`AF_INET6`, and " "then try to connect to all possible addresses in turn until a connection " "succeeds. This makes it easy to write clients that are compatible to both " "IPv4 and IPv6." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:476 msgid "" "Passing the optional *timeout* parameter will set the timeout on the socket " "instance before attempting to connect. If no *timeout* is supplied, the " "global default timeout setting returned by :func:`getdefaulttimeout` is used." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:481 msgid "" "If supplied, *source_address* must be a 2-tuple ``(host, port)`` for the " "socket to bind to as its source address before connecting. If host or port " "are '' or 0 respectively the OS default behavior will be used." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:485 msgid "*source_address* was added." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:491 msgid "" "Duplicate the file descriptor *fd* (an integer as returned by a file " "object's :meth:`fileno` method) and build a socket object from the result. " "Address family, socket type and protocol number are as for the :func:`." "socket` function above. The file descriptor should refer to a socket, but " "this is not checked --- subsequent operations on the object may fail if the " "file descriptor is invalid. This function is rarely needed, but can be used " "to get or set socket options on a socket passed to a program as standard " "input or output (such as a server started by the Unix inet daemon). The " "socket is assumed to be in blocking mode." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:508 msgid "" "Instantiate a socket from data obtained from the :meth:`socket.share` " "method. The socket is assumed to be in blocking mode." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:511 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1423 msgid "Availability: Windows." msgstr "Disponibilité : Windows." #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:518 msgid "" "This is a Python type object that represents the socket object type. It is " "the same as ``type(socket(...))``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:523 msgid "Other functions" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:525 msgid "The :mod:`socket` module also offers various network-related services:" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:530 msgid "" "Translate the *host*/*port* argument into a sequence of 5-tuples that " "contain all the necessary arguments for creating a socket connected to that " "service. *host* is a domain name, a string representation of an IPv4/v6 " "address or ``None``. *port* is a string service name such as ``'http'``, a " "numeric port number or ``None``. By passing ``None`` as the value of *host* " "and *port*, you can pass ``NULL`` to the underlying C API." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:537 msgid "" "The *family*, *type* and *proto* arguments can be optionally specified in " "order to narrow the list of addresses returned. Passing zero as a value for " "each of these arguments selects the full range of results. The *flags* " "argument can be one or several of the ``AI_*`` constants, and will influence " "how results are computed and returned. For example, :const:`AI_NUMERICHOST` " "will disable domain name resolution and will raise an error if *host* is a " "domain name." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:545 msgid "The function returns a list of 5-tuples with the following structure:" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:547 msgid "``(family, type, proto, canonname, sockaddr)``" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:549 msgid "" "In these tuples, *family*, *type*, *proto* are all integers and are meant to " "be passed to the :func:`.socket` function. *canonname* will be a string " "representing the canonical name of the *host* if :const:`AI_CANONNAME` is " "part of the *flags* argument; else *canonname* will be empty. *sockaddr* is " "a tuple describing a socket address, whose format depends on the returned " "*family* (a ``(address, port)`` 2-tuple for :const:`AF_INET`, a ``(address, " "port, flow info, scope id)`` 4-tuple for :const:`AF_INET6`), and is meant to " "be passed to the :meth:`socket.connect` method." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:559 msgid "" "The following example fetches address information for a hypothetical TCP " "connection to ``example.org`` on port 80 (results may differ on your system " "if IPv6 isn't enabled)::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:569 msgid "parameters can now be passed using keyword arguments." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:574 msgid "" "Return a fully qualified domain name for *name*. If *name* is omitted or " "empty, it is interpreted as the local host. To find the fully qualified " "name, the hostname returned by :func:`gethostbyaddr` is checked, followed by " "aliases for the host, if available. The first name which includes a period " "is selected. In case no fully qualified domain name is available, the " "hostname as returned by :func:`gethostname` is returned." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:584 msgid "" "Translate a host name to IPv4 address format. The IPv4 address is returned " "as a string, such as ``'100.50.200.5'``. If the host name is an IPv4 " "address itself it is returned unchanged. See :func:`gethostbyname_ex` for a " "more complete interface. :func:`gethostbyname` does not support IPv6 name " "resolution, and :func:`getaddrinfo` should be used instead for IPv4/v6 dual " "stack support." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:593 msgid "" "Translate a host name to IPv4 address format, extended interface. Return a " "triple ``(hostname, aliaslist, ipaddrlist)`` where *hostname* is the primary " "host name responding to the given *ip_address*, *aliaslist* is a (possibly " "empty) list of alternative host names for the same address, and *ipaddrlist* " "is a list of IPv4 addresses for the same interface on the same host (often " "but not always a single address). :func:`gethostbyname_ex` does not support " "IPv6 name resolution, and :func:`getaddrinfo` should be used instead for " "IPv4/v6 dual stack support." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:605 msgid "" "Return a string containing the hostname of the machine where the Python " "interpreter is currently executing." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:608 msgid "" "Note: :func:`gethostname` doesn't always return the fully qualified domain " "name; use :func:`getfqdn` for that." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:614 msgid "" "Return a triple ``(hostname, aliaslist, ipaddrlist)`` where *hostname* is " "the primary host name responding to the given *ip_address*, *aliaslist* is a " "(possibly empty) list of alternative host names for the same address, and " "*ipaddrlist* is a list of IPv4/v6 addresses for the same interface on the " "same host (most likely containing only a single address). To find the fully " "qualified domain name, use the function :func:`getfqdn`. :func:" "`gethostbyaddr` supports both IPv4 and IPv6." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:625 msgid "" "Translate a socket address *sockaddr* into a 2-tuple ``(host, port)``. " "Depending on the settings of *flags*, the result can contain a fully-" "qualified domain name or numeric address representation in *host*. " "Similarly, *port* can contain a string port name or a numeric port number." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:633 msgid "" "Translate an Internet protocol name (for example, ``'icmp'``) to a constant " "suitable for passing as the (optional) third argument to the :func:`.socket` " "function. This is usually only needed for sockets opened in \"raw\" mode (:" "const:`SOCK_RAW`); for the normal socket modes, the correct protocol is " "chosen automatically if the protocol is omitted or zero." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:642 msgid "" "Translate an Internet service name and protocol name to a port number for " "that service. The optional protocol name, if given, should be ``'tcp'`` or " "``'udp'``, otherwise any protocol will match." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:649 msgid "" "Translate an Internet port number and protocol name to a service name for " "that service. The optional protocol name, if given, should be ``'tcp'`` or " "``'udp'``, otherwise any protocol will match." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:656 msgid "" "Convert 32-bit positive integers from network to host byte order. On " "machines where the host byte order is the same as network byte order, this " "is a no-op; otherwise, it performs a 4-byte swap operation." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:663 msgid "" "Convert 16-bit positive integers from network to host byte order. On " "machines where the host byte order is the same as network byte order, this " "is a no-op; otherwise, it performs a 2-byte swap operation." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:670 msgid "" "Convert 32-bit positive integers from host to network byte order. On " "machines where the host byte order is the same as network byte order, this " "is a no-op; otherwise, it performs a 4-byte swap operation." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:677 msgid "" "Convert 16-bit positive integers from host to network byte order. On " "machines where the host byte order is the same as network byte order, this " "is a no-op; otherwise, it performs a 2-byte swap operation." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:684 msgid "" "Convert an IPv4 address from dotted-quad string format (for example, " "'123.45.67.89') to 32-bit packed binary format, as a bytes object four " "characters in length. This is useful when conversing with a program that " "uses the standard C library and needs objects of type :c:type:`struct " "in_addr`, which is the C type for the 32-bit packed binary this function " "returns." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:690 msgid "" ":func:`inet_aton` also accepts strings with less than three dots; see the " "Unix manual page :manpage:`inet(3)` for details." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:693 msgid "" "If the IPv4 address string passed to this function is invalid, :exc:" "`OSError` will be raised. Note that exactly what is valid depends on the " "underlying C implementation of :c:func:`inet_aton`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:697 msgid "" ":func:`inet_aton` does not support IPv6, and :func:`inet_pton` should be " "used instead for IPv4/v6 dual stack support." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:703 msgid "" "Convert a 32-bit packed IPv4 address (a :term:`bytes-like object` four bytes " "in length) to its standard dotted-quad string representation (for example, " "'123.45.67.89'). This is useful when conversing with a program that uses " "the standard C library and needs objects of type :c:type:`struct in_addr`, " "which is the C type for the 32-bit packed binary data this function takes as " "an argument." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:710 msgid "" "If the byte sequence passed to this function is not exactly 4 bytes in " "length, :exc:`OSError` will be raised. :func:`inet_ntoa` does not support " "IPv6, and :func:`inet_ntop` should be used instead for IPv4/v6 dual stack " "support." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:721 msgid "" "Convert an IP address from its family-specific string format to a packed, " "binary format. :func:`inet_pton` is useful when a library or network " "protocol calls for an object of type :c:type:`struct in_addr` (similar to :" "func:`inet_aton`) or :c:type:`struct in6_addr`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:726 msgid "" "Supported values for *address_family* are currently :const:`AF_INET` and :" "const:`AF_INET6`. If the IP address string *ip_string* is invalid, :exc:" "`OSError` will be raised. Note that exactly what is valid depends on both " "the value of *address_family* and the underlying implementation of :c:func:" "`inet_pton`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:732 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:752 msgid "Availability: Unix (maybe not all platforms), Windows." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:734 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:754 msgid "Windows support added" msgstr "Ajout du support Windows." #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:740 msgid "" "Convert a packed IP address (a :term:`bytes-like object` of some number of " "bytes) to its standard, family-specific string representation (for example, " "``'7.10.0.5'`` or ``'5aef:2b::8'``). :func:`inet_ntop` is useful when a " "library or network protocol returns an object of type :c:type:`struct " "in_addr` (similar to :func:`inet_ntoa`) or :c:type:`struct in6_addr`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:747 msgid "" "Supported values for *address_family* are currently :const:`AF_INET` and :" "const:`AF_INET6`. If the bytes object *packed_ip* is not the correct length " "for the specified address family, :exc:`ValueError` will be raised. :exc:" "`OSError` is raised for errors from the call to :func:`inet_ntop`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:769 msgid "" "Return the total length, without trailing padding, of an ancillary data item " "with associated data of the given *length*. This value can often be used as " "the buffer size for :meth:`~socket.recvmsg` to receive a single item of " "ancillary data, but :rfc:`3542` requires portable applications to use :func:" "`CMSG_SPACE` and thus include space for padding, even when the item will be " "the last in the buffer. Raises :exc:`OverflowError` if *length* is outside " "the permissible range of values." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:778 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:799 #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1170 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1212 #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1316 msgid "Availability: most Unix platforms, possibly others." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:785 msgid "" "Return the buffer size needed for :meth:`~socket.recvmsg` to receive an " "ancillary data item with associated data of the given *length*, along with " "any trailing padding. The buffer space needed to receive multiple items is " "the sum of the :func:`CMSG_SPACE` values for their associated data lengths. " "Raises :exc:`OverflowError` if *length* is outside the permissible range of " "values." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:793 msgid "" "Note that some systems might support ancillary data without providing this " "function. Also note that setting the buffer size using the results of this " "function may not precisely limit the amount of ancillary data that can be " "received, since additional data may be able to fit into the padding area." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:806 msgid "" "Return the default timeout in seconds (float) for new socket objects. A " "value of ``None`` indicates that new socket objects have no timeout. When " "the socket module is first imported, the default is ``None``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:813 msgid "" "Set the default timeout in seconds (float) for new socket objects. When the " "socket module is first imported, the default is ``None``. See :meth:" "`~socket.settimeout` for possible values and their respective meanings." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:821 msgid "" "Set the machine's hostname to *name*. This will raise an :exc:`OSError` if " "you don't have enough rights." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:824 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:835 #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:846 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:857 msgid "Availability: Unix." msgstr "Disponibilité : Unix." #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:831 msgid "" "Return a list of network interface information (index int, name string) " "tuples. :exc:`OSError` if the system call fails." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:842 msgid "" "Return a network interface index number corresponding to an interface name. :" "exc:`OSError` if no interface with the given name exists." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:853 msgid "" "Return a network interface name corresponding to an interface index number. :" "exc:`OSError` if no interface with the given index exists." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:865 msgid "Socket Objects" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:867 msgid "" "Socket objects have the following methods. Except for :meth:`~socket." "makefile`, these correspond to Unix system calls applicable to sockets." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:871 msgid "" "Support for the :term:`context manager` protocol was added. Exiting the " "context manager is equivalent to calling :meth:`~socket.close`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:878 msgid "" "Accept a connection. The socket must be bound to an address and listening " "for connections. The return value is a pair ``(conn, address)`` where *conn* " "is a *new* socket object usable to send and receive data on the connection, " "and *address* is the address bound to the socket on the other end of the " "connection." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:885 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:968 msgid "The socket is now non-inheritable." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:888 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1089 #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1103 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1174 #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1245 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1264 #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1279 ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1320 msgid "" "If the system call is interrupted and the signal handler does not raise an " "exception, the method now retries the system call instead of raising an :exc:" "`InterruptedError` exception (see :pep:`475` for the rationale)." msgstr "" "Si l'appel système est interrompu et que le gestionnaire de signal ne lève " "aucune exception, la fonction réessaye l'appel système au lieu de lever une :" "exc:`InterruptedError` (voir la :pep:`475` à propos du raisonnement)." #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:896 msgid "" "Bind the socket to *address*. The socket must not already be bound. (The " "format of *address* depends on the address family --- see above.)" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:902 msgid "" "Mark the socket closed. The underlying system resource (e.g. a file " "descriptor) is also closed when all file objects from :meth:`makefile()` are " "closed. Once that happens, all future operations on the socket object will " "fail. The remote end will receive no more data (after queued data is " "flushed)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:908 msgid "" "Sockets are automatically closed when they are garbage-collected, but it is " "recommended to :meth:`close` them explicitly, or to use a :keyword:`with` " "statement around them." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:912 msgid "" ":exc:`OSError` is now raised if an error occurs when the underlying :c:func:" "`close` call is made." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:918 msgid "" ":meth:`close()` releases the resource associated with a connection but does " "not necessarily close the connection immediately. If you want to close the " "connection in a timely fashion, call :meth:`shutdown()` before :meth:" "`close()`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:926 msgid "" "Connect to a remote socket at *address*. (The format of *address* depends on " "the address family --- see above.)" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:929 msgid "" "If the connection is interrupted by a signal, the method waits until the " "connection completes, or raise a :exc:`socket.timeout` on timeout, if the " "signal handler doesn't raise an exception and the socket is blocking or has " "a timeout. For non-blocking sockets, the method raises an :exc:" "`InterruptedError` exception if the connection is interrupted by a signal " "(or the exception raised by the signal handler)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:936 msgid "" "The method now waits until the connection completes instead of raising an :" "exc:`InterruptedError` exception if the connection is interrupted by a " "signal, the signal handler doesn't raise an exception and the socket is " "blocking or has a timeout (see the :pep:`475` for the rationale)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:945 msgid "" "Like ``connect(address)``, but return an error indicator instead of raising " "an exception for errors returned by the C-level :c:func:`connect` call " "(other problems, such as \"host not found,\" can still raise exceptions). " "The error indicator is ``0`` if the operation succeeded, otherwise the value " "of the :c:data:`errno` variable. This is useful to support, for example, " "asynchronous connects." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:955 msgid "" "Put the socket object into closed state without actually closing the " "underlying file descriptor. The file descriptor is returned, and can be " "reused for other purposes." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:964 msgid "Duplicate the socket." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:974 msgid "" "Return the socket's file descriptor (a small integer), or -1 on failure. " "This is useful with :func:`select.select`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:977 msgid "" "Under Windows the small integer returned by this method cannot be used where " "a file descriptor can be used (such as :func:`os.fdopen`). Unix does not " "have this limitation." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:983 msgid "" "Get the :ref:`inheritable flag ` of the socket's file " "descriptor or socket's handle: ``True`` if the socket can be inherited in " "child processes, ``False`` if it cannot." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:992 msgid "" "Return the remote address to which the socket is connected. This is useful " "to find out the port number of a remote IPv4/v6 socket, for instance. (The " "format of the address returned depends on the address family --- see " "above.) On some systems this function is not supported." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1000 msgid "" "Return the socket's own address. This is useful to find out the port number " "of an IPv4/v6 socket, for instance. (The format of the address returned " "depends on the address family --- see above.)" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1007 msgid "" "Return the value of the given socket option (see the Unix man page :manpage:" "`getsockopt(2)`). The needed symbolic constants (:const:`SO_\\*` etc.) are " "defined in this module. If *buflen* is absent, an integer option is assumed " "and its integer value is returned by the function. If *buflen* is present, " "it specifies the maximum length of the buffer used to receive the option in, " "and this buffer is returned as a bytes object. It is up to the caller to " "decode the contents of the buffer (see the optional built-in module :mod:" "`struct` for a way to decode C structures encoded as byte strings)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1019 msgid "" "Return the timeout in seconds (float) associated with socket operations, or " "``None`` if no timeout is set. This reflects the last call to :meth:" "`setblocking` or :meth:`settimeout`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:0 msgid "platform" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1026 msgid "Windows" msgstr "Windows" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1028 msgid "" "The :meth:`ioctl` method is a limited interface to the WSAIoctl system " "interface. Please refer to the `Win32 documentation `_ for more information." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1033 msgid "" "On other platforms, the generic :func:`fcntl.fcntl` and :func:`fcntl.ioctl` " "functions may be used; they accept a socket object as their first argument." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1036 msgid "" "Currently only the following control codes are supported: ``SIO_RCVALL``, " "``SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS``, and ``SIO_LOOPBACK_FAST_PATH``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1044 msgid "" "Enable a server to accept connections. If *backlog* is specified, it must " "be at least 0 (if it is lower, it is set to 0); it specifies the number of " "unaccepted connections that the system will allow before refusing new " "connections. If not specified, a default reasonable value is chosen." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1049 msgid "The *backlog* parameter is now optional." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1057 msgid "" "Return a :term:`file object` associated with the socket. The exact returned " "type depends on the arguments given to :meth:`makefile`. These arguments " "are interpreted the same way as by the built-in :func:`open` function, " "except the only supported *mode* values are ``'r'`` (default), ``'w'`` and " "``'b'``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1062 msgid "" "The socket must be in blocking mode; it can have a timeout, but the file " "object's internal buffer may end up in an inconsistent state if a timeout " "occurs." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1066 msgid "" "Closing the file object returned by :meth:`makefile` won't close the " "original socket unless all other file objects have been closed and :meth:" "`socket.close` has been called on the socket object." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1072 msgid "" "On Windows, the file-like object created by :meth:`makefile` cannot be used " "where a file object with a file descriptor is expected, such as the stream " "arguments of :meth:`subprocess.Popen`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1079 msgid "" "Receive data from the socket. The return value is a bytes object " "representing the data received. The maximum amount of data to be received " "at once is specified by *bufsize*. See the Unix manual page :manpage:" "`recv(2)` for the meaning of the optional argument *flags*; it defaults to " "zero." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1086 msgid "" "For best match with hardware and network realities, the value of *bufsize* " "should be a relatively small power of 2, for example, 4096." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1097 msgid "" "Receive data from the socket. The return value is a pair ``(bytes, " "address)`` where *bytes* is a bytes object representing the data received " "and *address* is the address of the socket sending the data. See the Unix " "manual page :manpage:`recv(2)` for the meaning of the optional argument " "*flags*; it defaults to zero. (The format of *address* depends on the " "address family --- see above.)" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1111 msgid "" "Receive normal data (up to *bufsize* bytes) and ancillary data from the " "socket. The *ancbufsize* argument sets the size in bytes of the internal " "buffer used to receive the ancillary data; it defaults to 0, meaning that no " "ancillary data will be received. Appropriate buffer sizes for ancillary " "data can be calculated using :func:`CMSG_SPACE` or :func:`CMSG_LEN`, and " "items which do not fit into the buffer might be truncated or discarded. The " "*flags* argument defaults to 0 and has the same meaning as for :meth:`recv`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1121 msgid "" "The return value is a 4-tuple: ``(data, ancdata, msg_flags, address)``. The " "*data* item is a :class:`bytes` object holding the non-ancillary data " "received. The *ancdata* item is a list of zero or more tuples " "``(cmsg_level, cmsg_type, cmsg_data)`` representing the ancillary data " "(control messages) received: *cmsg_level* and *cmsg_type* are integers " "specifying the protocol level and protocol-specific type respectively, and " "*cmsg_data* is a :class:`bytes` object holding the associated data. The " "*msg_flags* item is the bitwise OR of various flags indicating conditions on " "the received message; see your system documentation for details. If the " "receiving socket is unconnected, *address* is the address of the sending " "socket, if available; otherwise, its value is unspecified." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1135 msgid "" "On some systems, :meth:`sendmsg` and :meth:`recvmsg` can be used to pass " "file descriptors between processes over an :const:`AF_UNIX` socket. When " "this facility is used (it is often restricted to :const:`SOCK_STREAM` " "sockets), :meth:`recvmsg` will return, in its ancillary data, items of the " "form ``(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SCM_RIGHTS, fds)``, where *fds* is a :" "class:`bytes` object representing the new file descriptors as a binary array " "of the native C :c:type:`int` type. If :meth:`recvmsg` raises an exception " "after the system call returns, it will first attempt to close any file " "descriptors received via this mechanism." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1146 msgid "" "Some systems do not indicate the truncated length of ancillary data items " "which have been only partially received. If an item appears to extend " "beyond the end of the buffer, :meth:`recvmsg` will issue a :exc:" "`RuntimeWarning`, and will return the part of it which is inside the buffer " "provided it has not been truncated before the start of its associated data." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1153 msgid "" "On systems which support the :const:`SCM_RIGHTS` mechanism, the following " "function will receive up to *maxfds* file descriptors, returning the message " "data and a list containing the descriptors (while ignoring unexpected " "conditions such as unrelated control messages being received). See also :" "meth:`sendmsg`. ::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1182 msgid "" "Receive normal data and ancillary data from the socket, behaving as :meth:" "`recvmsg` would, but scatter the non-ancillary data into a series of buffers " "instead of returning a new bytes object. The *buffers* argument must be an " "iterable of objects that export writable buffers (e.g. :class:`bytearray` " "objects); these will be filled with successive chunks of the non-ancillary " "data until it has all been written or there are no more buffers. The " "operating system may set a limit (:func:`~os.sysconf` value ``SC_IOV_MAX``) " "on the number of buffers that can be used. The *ancbufsize* and *flags* " "arguments have the same meaning as for :meth:`recvmsg`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1193 msgid "" "The return value is a 4-tuple: ``(nbytes, ancdata, msg_flags, address)``, " "where *nbytes* is the total number of bytes of non-ancillary data written " "into the buffers, and *ancdata*, *msg_flags* and *address* are the same as " "for :meth:`recvmsg`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1198 msgid "Example::" msgstr "Exemples ::" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1219 msgid "" "Receive data from the socket, writing it into *buffer* instead of creating a " "new bytestring. The return value is a pair ``(nbytes, address)`` where " "*nbytes* is the number of bytes received and *address* is the address of the " "socket sending the data. See the Unix manual page :manpage:`recv(2)` for " "the meaning of the optional argument *flags*; it defaults to zero. (The " "format of *address* depends on the address family --- see above.)" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1229 msgid "" "Receive up to *nbytes* bytes from the socket, storing the data into a buffer " "rather than creating a new bytestring. If *nbytes* is not specified (or 0), " "receive up to the size available in the given buffer. Returns the number of " "bytes received. See the Unix manual page :manpage:`recv(2)` for the meaning " "of the optional argument *flags*; it defaults to zero." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1238 msgid "" "Send data to the socket. The socket must be connected to a remote socket. " "The optional *flags* argument has the same meaning as for :meth:`recv` " "above. Returns the number of bytes sent. Applications are responsible for " "checking that all data has been sent; if only some of the data was " "transmitted, the application needs to attempt delivery of the remaining " "data. For further information on this topic, consult the :ref:`socket-howto`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1253 msgid "" "Send data to the socket. The socket must be connected to a remote socket. " "The optional *flags* argument has the same meaning as for :meth:`recv` " "above. Unlike :meth:`send`, this method continues to send data from *bytes* " "until either all data has been sent or an error occurs. ``None`` is " "returned on success. On error, an exception is raised, and there is no way " "to determine how much data, if any, was successfully sent." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1260 msgid "" "The socket timeout is no more reset each time data is sent successfully. The " "socket timeout is now the maximum total duration to send all data." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1273 msgid "" "Send data to the socket. The socket should not be connected to a remote " "socket, since the destination socket is specified by *address*. The " "optional *flags* argument has the same meaning as for :meth:`recv` above. " "Return the number of bytes sent. (The format of *address* depends on the " "address family --- see above.)" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1287 msgid "" "Send normal and ancillary data to the socket, gathering the non-ancillary " "data from a series of buffers and concatenating it into a single message. " "The *buffers* argument specifies the non-ancillary data as an iterable of :" "term:`bytes-like objects ` (e.g. :class:`bytes` objects); " "the operating system may set a limit (:func:`~os.sysconf` value " "``SC_IOV_MAX``) on the number of buffers that can be used. The *ancdata* " "argument specifies the ancillary data (control messages) as an iterable of " "zero or more tuples ``(cmsg_level, cmsg_type, cmsg_data)``, where " "*cmsg_level* and *cmsg_type* are integers specifying the protocol level and " "protocol-specific type respectively, and *cmsg_data* is a bytes-like object " "holding the associated data. Note that some systems (in particular, systems " "without :func:`CMSG_SPACE`) might support sending only one control message " "per call. The *flags* argument defaults to 0 and has the same meaning as " "for :meth:`send`. If *address* is supplied and not ``None``, it sets a " "destination address for the message. The return value is the number of " "bytes of non-ancillary data sent." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1307 msgid "" "The following function sends the list of file descriptors *fds* over an :" "const:`AF_UNIX` socket, on systems which support the :const:`SCM_RIGHTS` " "mechanism. See also :meth:`recvmsg`. ::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1327 msgid "" "Specialized version of :meth:`~socket.sendmsg` for :const:`AF_ALG` socket. " "Set mode, IV, AEAD associated data length and flags for :const:`AF_ALG` " "socket." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1330 msgid "Availability: Linux >= 2.6.38" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1336 msgid "" "Send a file until EOF is reached by using high-performance :mod:`os." "sendfile` and return the total number of bytes which were sent. *file* must " "be a regular file object opened in binary mode. If :mod:`os.sendfile` is not " "available (e.g. Windows) or *file* is not a regular file :meth:`send` will " "be used instead. *offset* tells from where to start reading the file. If " "specified, *count* is the total number of bytes to transmit as opposed to " "sending the file until EOF is reached. File position is updated on return or " "also in case of error in which case :meth:`file.tell() ` can " "be used to figure out the number of bytes which were sent. The socket must " "be of :const:`SOCK_STREAM` type. Non-blocking sockets are not supported." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1352 msgid "" "Set the :ref:`inheritable flag ` of the socket's file " "descriptor or socket's handle." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1360 msgid "" "Set blocking or non-blocking mode of the socket: if *flag* is false, the " "socket is set to non-blocking, else to blocking mode." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1363 msgid "" "This method is a shorthand for certain :meth:`~socket.settimeout` calls:" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1365 msgid "``sock.setblocking(True)`` is equivalent to ``sock.settimeout(None)``" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1367 msgid "``sock.setblocking(False)`` is equivalent to ``sock.settimeout(0.0)``" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1372 msgid "" "Set a timeout on blocking socket operations. The *value* argument can be a " "nonnegative floating point number expressing seconds, or ``None``. If a non-" "zero value is given, subsequent socket operations will raise a :exc:" "`timeout` exception if the timeout period *value* has elapsed before the " "operation has completed. If zero is given, the socket is put in non-" "blocking mode. If ``None`` is given, the socket is put in blocking mode." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1379 msgid "" "For further information, please consult the :ref:`notes on socket timeouts " "`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1388 msgid "" "Set the value of the given socket option (see the Unix manual page :manpage:" "`setsockopt(2)`). The needed symbolic constants are defined in the :mod:" "`socket` module (:const:`SO_\\*` etc.). The value can be an integer, " "``None`` or a :term:`bytes-like object` representing a buffer. In the later " "case it is up to the caller to ensure that the bytestring contains the " "proper bits (see the optional built-in module :mod:`struct` for a way to " "encode C structures as bytestrings). When value is set to ``None``, optlen " "argument is required. It's equivalent to call setsockopt C function with " "optval=NULL and optlen=optlen." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1402 msgid "setsockopt(level, optname, None, optlen: int) form added." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1408 msgid "" "Shut down one or both halves of the connection. If *how* is :const:" "`SHUT_RD`, further receives are disallowed. If *how* is :const:`SHUT_WR`, " "further sends are disallowed. If *how* is :const:`SHUT_RDWR`, further sends " "and receives are disallowed." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1416 msgid "" "Duplicate a socket and prepare it for sharing with a target process. The " "target process must be provided with *process_id*. The resulting bytes " "object can then be passed to the target process using some form of " "interprocess communication and the socket can be recreated there using :func:" "`fromshare`. Once this method has been called, it is safe to close the " "socket since the operating system has already duplicated it for the target " "process." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1428 msgid "" "Note that there are no methods :meth:`read` or :meth:`write`; use :meth:" "`~socket.recv` and :meth:`~socket.send` without *flags* argument instead." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1431 msgid "" "Socket objects also have these (read-only) attributes that correspond to the " "values given to the :class:`~socket.socket` constructor." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1437 msgid "The socket family." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1442 msgid "The socket type." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1447 msgid "The socket protocol." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1454 msgid "Notes on socket timeouts" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1456 msgid "" "A socket object can be in one of three modes: blocking, non-blocking, or " "timeout. Sockets are by default always created in blocking mode, but this " "can be changed by calling :func:`setdefaulttimeout`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1460 msgid "" "In *blocking mode*, operations block until complete or the system returns an " "error (such as connection timed out)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1463 msgid "" "In *non-blocking mode*, operations fail (with an error that is unfortunately " "system-dependent) if they cannot be completed immediately: functions from " "the :mod:`select` can be used to know when and whether a socket is available " "for reading or writing." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1468 msgid "" "In *timeout mode*, operations fail if they cannot be completed within the " "timeout specified for the socket (they raise a :exc:`timeout` exception) or " "if the system returns an error." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1473 msgid "" "At the operating system level, sockets in *timeout mode* are internally set " "in non-blocking mode. Also, the blocking and timeout modes are shared " "between file descriptors and socket objects that refer to the same network " "endpoint. This implementation detail can have visible consequences if e.g. " "you decide to use the :meth:`~socket.fileno()` of a socket." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1480 msgid "Timeouts and the ``connect`` method" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1482 msgid "" "The :meth:`~socket.connect` operation is also subject to the timeout " "setting, and in general it is recommended to call :meth:`~socket.settimeout` " "before calling :meth:`~socket.connect` or pass a timeout parameter to :meth:" "`create_connection`. However, the system network stack may also return a " "connection timeout error of its own regardless of any Python socket timeout " "setting." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1490 msgid "Timeouts and the ``accept`` method" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1492 msgid "" "If :func:`getdefaulttimeout` is not :const:`None`, sockets returned by the :" "meth:`~socket.accept` method inherit that timeout. Otherwise, the behaviour " "depends on settings of the listening socket:" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1496 msgid "" "if the listening socket is in *blocking mode* or in *timeout mode*, the " "socket returned by :meth:`~socket.accept` is in *blocking mode*;" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1499 msgid "" "if the listening socket is in *non-blocking mode*, whether the socket " "returned by :meth:`~socket.accept` is in blocking or non-blocking mode is " "operating system-dependent. If you want to ensure cross-platform behaviour, " "it is recommended you manually override this setting." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1508 msgid "Example" msgstr "Exemple" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1510 msgid "" "Here are four minimal example programs using the TCP/IP protocol: a server " "that echoes all data that it receives back (servicing only one client), and " "a client using it. Note that a server must perform the sequence :func:`." "socket`, :meth:`~socket.bind`, :meth:`~socket.listen`, :meth:`~socket." "accept` (possibly repeating the :meth:`~socket.accept` to service more than " "one client), while a client only needs the sequence :func:`.socket`, :meth:" "`~socket.connect`. Also note that the server does not :meth:`~socket." "sendall`/:meth:`~socket.recv` on the socket it is listening on but on the " "new socket returned by :meth:`~socket.accept`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1520 msgid "The first two examples support IPv4 only. ::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1551 msgid "" "The next two examples are identical to the above two, but support both IPv4 " "and IPv6. The server side will listen to the first address family available " "(it should listen to both instead). On most of IPv6-ready systems, IPv6 will " "take precedence and the server may not accept IPv4 traffic. The client side " "will try to connect to the all addresses returned as a result of the name " "resolution, and sends traffic to the first one connected successfully. ::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1624 msgid "" "The next example shows how to write a very simple network sniffer with raw " "sockets on Windows. The example requires administrator privileges to modify " "the interface::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1649 msgid "" "The last example shows how to use the socket interface to communicate to a " "CAN network using the raw socket protocol. To use CAN with the broadcast " "manager protocol instead, open a socket with::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1655 msgid "" "After binding (:const:`CAN_RAW`) or connecting (:const:`CAN_BCM`) the " "socket, you can use the :meth:`socket.send`, and the :meth:`socket.recv` " "operations (and their counterparts) on the socket object as usual." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1659 msgid "This example might require special privileges::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1699 msgid "" "Running an example several times with too small delay between executions, " "could lead to this error::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1704 msgid "" "This is because the previous execution has left the socket in a " "``TIME_WAIT`` state, and can't be immediately reused." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1707 msgid "" "There is a :mod:`socket` flag to set, in order to prevent this, :data:" "`socket.SO_REUSEADDR`::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1714 msgid "" "the :data:`SO_REUSEADDR` flag tells the kernel to reuse a local socket in " "``TIME_WAIT`` state, without waiting for its natural timeout to expire." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1720 msgid "" "For an introduction to socket programming (in C), see the following papers:" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1722 msgid "" "*An Introductory 4.3BSD Interprocess Communication Tutorial*, by Stuart " "Sechrest" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1724 msgid "" "*An Advanced 4.3BSD Interprocess Communication Tutorial*, by Samuel J. " "Leffler et al," msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/socket.rst:1727 msgid "" "both in the UNIX Programmer's Manual, Supplementary Documents 1 (sections " "PS1:7 and PS1:8). The platform-specific reference material for the various " "socket-related system calls are also a valuable source of information on the " "details of socket semantics. For Unix, refer to the manual pages; for " "Windows, see the WinSock (or Winsock 2) specification. For IPv6-ready APIs, " "readers may want to refer to :rfc:`3493` titled Basic Socket Interface " "Extensions for IPv6." msgstr ""