# Copyright (C) 2001-2018, Python Software Foundation # For licence information, see README file. # msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-01-15 22:33+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2022-10-18 15:59+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Julien Palard \n" "Language-Team: FRENCH \n" "Language: fr\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "X-Generator: Poedit 2.2.3\n" #: install/index.rst:7 msgid "Installing Python Modules (Legacy version)" msgstr "Installation des modules python (Version historique)" #: install/index.rst:0 msgid "Author" msgstr "Auteur" #: install/index.rst:9 msgid "Greg Ward" msgstr "Greg Ward" #: install/index.rst:15 msgid "" "The entire ``distutils`` package has been deprecated and will be removed in " "Python 3.12. This documentation is retained as a reference only, and will be " "removed with the package. See the :ref:`What's New ` " "entry for more information." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:23 msgid ":ref:`installing-index`" msgstr ":ref:`installing-index`" #: install/index.rst:23 msgid "" "The up to date module installation documentation. For regular Python usage, " "you almost certainly want that document rather than this one." msgstr "" "le document à jour pour l'installation des modules. Pour une utilisation " "normale de Python, c'est ce document que vous cherchez plutôt que celui-ci." #: distutils/_setuptools_disclaimer.rst:3 msgid "" "This document is being retained solely until the ``setuptools`` " "documentation at https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/setuptools.html " "independently covers all of the relevant information currently included here." msgstr "" "Cette page est conservée uniquement jusqu'à ce que la documentation " "``setuptool`` sur https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/setuptools." "html couvre de manière indépendante toutes les informations pertinentes " "actuellement incluses ici." #: install/index.rst:30 msgid "" "This guide only covers the basic tools for building and distributing " "extensions that are provided as part of this version of Python. Third party " "tools offer easier to use and more secure alternatives. Refer to the `quick " "recommendations section `__ in the Python Packaging User Guide for more information." msgstr "" "Ce guide ne couvre que les outils de base, fournis avec cette version de " "Python, pour construire et distribuer des extensions. D'autres outils " "peuvent être plus sécurisés et plus simple à utiliser. Consultez `quick " "recommendations section `__ dans le *Python Packaging User Guide* pour plus " "d'informations." #: install/index.rst:41 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Introduction" #: install/index.rst:43 msgid "" "In Python 2.0, the ``distutils`` API was first added to the standard " "library. This provided Linux distro maintainers with a standard way of " "converting Python projects into Linux distro packages, and system " "administrators with a standard way of installing them directly onto target " "systems." msgstr "" "Dans Python 2.0, l'API ``distutils`` a d'abord été ajoutée à la bibliothèque " "standard. Elle a donné aux mainteneurs de distributions Linux une façon " "standard d'intégrer des projets Python dans les paquets Linux, et aux " "administrateurs système une façon standard de les installer directement sur " "les systèmes cibles." #: install/index.rst:48 msgid "" "In the many years since Python 2.0 was released, tightly coupling the build " "system and package installer to the language runtime release cycle has " "turned out to be problematic, and it is now recommended that projects use " "the ``pip`` package installer and the ``setuptools`` build system, rather " "than using ``distutils`` directly." msgstr "" "À l'époque où Python 2.0 a été publié, le fort couplage entre le système " "d'intégration et le gestionnaire de paquets avec le cycle de publication du " "langage était problématique, et il est désormais recommandé d'utiliser le " "gestionnaire de paquets ``pip`` ainsi que le système d'intégration " "``setuptools`` plutôt que d'utiliser ``distutils`` directement." #: install/index.rst:54 msgid "" "See :ref:`installing-index` and :ref:`distributing-index` for more details." msgstr "" "Voir :ref:`installing-index` et :ref:`distributing-index` pour plus de " "détails." #: install/index.rst:56 msgid "" "This legacy documentation is being retained only until we're confident that " "the ``setuptools`` documentation covers everything needed." msgstr "" "Cette ancienne documentation sera conservée jusqu'à ce que nous soyons " "certains que la documentation sur ``setuptools`` couvre tout ce qui est " "nécessaire." #: install/index.rst:62 msgid "Distutils based source distributions" msgstr "Distributions basées sur *distutils*" #: install/index.rst:64 #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you download a module source distribution, you can tell pretty quickly if " "it was packaged and distributed in the standard way, i.e. using the " "Distutils. First, the distribution's name and version number will be " "featured prominently in the name of the downloaded archive, e.g. :file:" "`foo-1.0.tar.gz` or :file:`widget-0.9.7.zip`. Next, the archive will unpack " "into a similarly named directory: :file:`foo-1.0` or :file:`widget-0.9.7`. " "Additionally, the distribution will contain a setup script :file:`setup.py`, " "and a file named :file:`README.txt` or possibly just :file:`README`, which " "should explain that building and installing the module distribution is a " "simple matter of running one command from a terminal::" msgstr "" "Si vous téléchargez une distribution source du module, vous pouvez dire " "assez rapidement s'il a été empaqueté et distribué de la façon standard, " "c'est-à-dire en utilisant Distutils. Premièrement, le nom et le numéro de " "version de la distribution sont affichés en bonne place dans le nom de " "l'archive téléchargée, par exemple :file:`foo-1.0.tar.gz` ou :file:" "`widget-0.9.7.zip`. Ensuite, l'archive se décompresse dans un répertoire du " "même nom : :file:`foo-1.0` ou :file:`widget-0.9.7`. En outre, la " "distribution contient un script d'installation :file:`setup.py` et un " "fichier nommé :file:`README.txt` ou éventuellement juste :file:`README`, qui " "doit expliquer que la construction et l'installation de la distribution du " "module se fait simplement en exécutant ceci ::" #: install/index.rst:77 msgid "" "For Windows, this command should be run from a command prompt window (:" "menuselection:`Start --> Accessories`)::" msgstr "" "Sous Windows, cette commande doit être lancée depuis une invite de commande " "(:menuselection:`Démarrer --> Accessoires`) ::" #: install/index.rst:82 msgid "" "If all these things are true, then you already know how to build and install " "the modules you've just downloaded: Run the command above. Unless you need " "to install things in a non-standard way or customize the build process, you " "don't really need this manual. Or rather, the above command is everything " "you need to get out of this manual." msgstr "" "Si toutes ces choses sont vérifiées, alors vous savez déjà comment " "construire et installer le module que vous venez de télécharger : en " "exécutant la commande ci-dessus. Sauf si vous avez besoin d'installer les " "choses d'une manière non standard ou de personnaliser le processus de " "construction, vous n'avez pas vraiment besoin de ce manuel. Ou plutôt, la " "commande ci-dessus est tout ce dont vous avez besoin de retenir de ce manuel." #: install/index.rst:92 msgid "Standard Build and Install" msgstr "Construction standard et installation" #: install/index.rst:94 msgid "" "As described in section :ref:`inst-new-standard`, building and installing a " "module distribution using the Distutils is usually one simple command to run " "from a terminal::" msgstr "" "Comme décrit dans la section :ref:`inst-new-standard`, construire et " "installer une distribution de modules en utilisant les Distutils consiste " "généralement à exécuter une simple commande dans un terminal ::" #: install/index.rst:104 msgid "Platform variations" msgstr "Différences selon les plateformes" #: install/index.rst:106 msgid "" "You should always run the setup command from the distribution root " "directory, i.e. the top-level subdirectory that the module source " "distribution unpacks into. For example, if you've just downloaded a module " "source distribution :file:`foo-1.0.tar.gz` onto a Unix system, the normal " "thing to do is::" msgstr "" "Vous devez toujours exécuter la commande *setup* à partir du répertoire " "racine de la distribution, à savoir le sous-répertoire de plus haut niveau " "dans l'arborescence où se sont décompressées les sources de la distribution " "du module. Par exemple, si vous venez de télécharger les sources d'une " "distribution du module :file:`foo-1.0.tar.gz` sous un système UNIX, la " "méthode normale consiste à faire ::" #: install/index.rst:115 msgid "" "On Windows, you'd probably download :file:`foo-1.0.zip`. If you downloaded " "the archive file to :file:`C:\\\\Temp`, then it would unpack into :file:`C:\\" "\\Temp\\\\foo-1.0`; you can use either an archive manipulator with a " "graphical user interface (such as WinZip) or a command-line tool (such as :" "program:`unzip` or :program:`pkunzip`) to unpack the archive. Then, open a " "command prompt window and run::" msgstr "" "Sous Windows, vous avez probablement téléchargé :file:`foo-1.0.zip`. Si vous " "avez téléchargé le fichier d'archive dans :file:`C:\\\\Temp`, il se " "décompressera alors dans :file:`C:\\\\Temp\\\\foo-1.0` ; vous pouvez " "utiliser soit un gestionnaire d'archives graphique (comme WinZip), soit un " "outil de ligne de commande (tels que :program:`unzip` ou :program:`pkunzip`) " "pour décompresser l'archive. Ensuite, ouvrez une fenêtre d'invite de " "commandes et exécutez ::" #: install/index.rst:129 msgid "Splitting the job up" msgstr "Fractionnement du travail" #: install/index.rst:131 msgid "" "Running ``setup.py install`` builds and installs all modules in one run. If " "you prefer to work incrementally---especially useful if you want to " "customize the build process, or if things are going wrong---you can use the " "setup script to do one thing at a time. This is particularly helpful when " "the build and install will be done by different users---for example, you " "might want to build a module distribution and hand it off to a system " "administrator for installation (or do it yourself, with super-user " "privileges)." msgstr "" "Exécuter ``setup.py install`` construit et installe tous les modules en un " "seul coup. Si vous préférez travailler progressivement — ce qui est " "particulièrement utile si vous souhaitez personnaliser le processus de " "construction ou si les choses vont mal — vous pouvez utiliser le script de " "configuration pour faire une chose à la fois. Cela est particulièrement " "utile lorsque la construction et l'installation doit être faite par " "différents utilisateurs — par exemple, vous pouvez vouloir construire une " "distribution d'un module et la transférer à un administrateur système pour " "l'installation (ou le faire vous-même, avec les privilèges de super-" "utilisateur)." #: install/index.rst:139 msgid "" "For example, you can build everything in one step, and then install " "everything in a second step, by invoking the setup script twice::" msgstr "" "Par exemple, vous pouvez construire tout en une seule étape et ensuite " "installer le tout dans une deuxième étape, en invoquant le script " "d'installation deux fois ::" #: install/index.rst:145 msgid "" "If you do this, you will notice that running the :command:`install` command " "first runs the :command:`build` command, which---in this case---quickly " "notices that it has nothing to do, since everything in the :file:`build` " "directory is up-to-date." msgstr "" "Si vous faites cela, vous remarquerez que l'exécution de la commande :" "command:`install` lance d'abord la commande :command:`build`, qui, dans ce " "cas, s'aperçoit vite qu'il n'a rien à faire, puisque tout dans le dossier :" "file:`build` est à jour." #: install/index.rst:150 msgid "" "You may not need this ability to break things down often if all you do is " "install modules downloaded off the 'net, but it's very handy for more " "advanced tasks. If you get into distributing your own Python modules and " "extensions, you'll run lots of individual Distutils commands on their own." msgstr "" "Il se peut que vous n'ayez pas souvent besoin de cette capacité à séparer " "les étapes si tout ce que vous faites est d'installer les modules " "téléchargés sur le Net, mais c'est très pratique pour des tâches plus " "avancées. Si vous en venez à distribuer vos propres modules et extensions " "Python, vous allez exécuter beaucoup de commandes individuelles de " "Distutils, indépendamment les unes des autres." #: install/index.rst:159 msgid "How building works" msgstr "Comment fonctionne une construction" #: install/index.rst:161 msgid "" "As implied above, the :command:`build` command is responsible for putting " "the files to install into a *build directory*. By default, this is :file:" "`build` under the distribution root; if you're excessively concerned with " "speed, or want to keep the source tree pristine, you can change the build " "directory with the :option:`!--build-base` option. For example::" msgstr "" "Comme sous-entendu ci-dessus, la commande :command:`build` est chargée de " "mettre les fichiers à installer dans un *répertoire de travail*. Par défaut, " "c'est :file:`build` à la racine de la distribution ; si vous êtes très " "préoccupés par la vitesse, ou si vous voulez conserver l'arborescence des " "sources d'origine, vous pouvez changer le répertoire de construction avec " "l'option :option:`!--build-base`. Par exemple ::" #: install/index.rst:169 msgid "" "(Or you could do this permanently with a directive in your system or " "personal Distutils configuration file; see section :ref:`inst-config-" "files`.) Normally, this isn't necessary." msgstr "" "(Ou vous pourriez le faire de façon permanente avec une directive dans votre " "système ou dans le fichier de configuration personnelle de Distutils ; voir " "la section :ref:`inst-config-files`.) Normalement, ce n'est pas nécessaire." #: install/index.rst:173 msgid "The default layout for the build tree is as follows::" msgstr "" "L'arborescence par défaut produite par la compilation se présente comme " "suit ::" #: install/index.rst:180 msgid "" "where ```` expands to a brief description of the current OS/hardware " "platform and Python version. The first form, with just a :file:`lib` " "directory, is used for \"pure module distributions\"---that is, module " "distributions that include only pure Python modules. If a module " "distribution contains any extensions (modules written in C/C++), then the " "second form, with two ```` directories, is used. In that case, the :" "file:`temp.{plat}` directory holds temporary files generated by the compile/" "link process that don't actually get installed. In either case, the :file:" "`lib` (or :file:`lib.{plat}`) directory contains all Python modules (pure " "Python and extensions) that will be installed." msgstr "" "où ```` représente une brève description de l'actuel système " "d'exploitation / plateforme matérielle et la version Python. La première " "forme, avec juste un dossier :file:`lib` est utilisée pour les " "« distributions de modules purs » — c'est-à-dire des distributions de module " "qui n'incorporent que des modules en Python. Si un module de la distribution " "contient au moins une extension (modules écrits en C/C++), alors il faut " "utiliser la deuxième forme, avec deux dossiers ````. Dans ce cas, le " "répertoire :file:`temp.{plat}` contient les fichiers temporaires générés par " "le processus de compilation et de génération de liens (ils ne seront pas " "installés). Dans les deux cas, le dossier :file:`lib` (ou :file:`lib.{plat}" "`) contient tous les modules Python (Python pur et extensions) qui seront " "installés." #: install/index.rst:190 msgid "" "In the future, more directories will be added to handle Python scripts, " "documentation, binary executables, and whatever else is needed to handle the " "job of installing Python modules and applications." msgstr "" "Dans l'avenir, d'autres répertoires seront ajoutés pour gérer les scripts " "Python, de la documentation, des exécutables binaires et tout ce qui est " "nécessaire pour gérer le travail de l'installation de modules et " "d'applications Python." #: install/index.rst:198 msgid "How installation works" msgstr "Comment fonctionne l'installation" #: install/index.rst:200 msgid "" "After the :command:`build` command runs (whether you run it explicitly, or " "the :command:`install` command does it for you), the work of the :command:" "`install` command is relatively simple: all it has to do is copy everything " "under :file:`build/lib` (or :file:`build/lib.{plat}`) to your chosen " "installation directory." msgstr "" "Après l'exécution de la commande :command:`build` (que vous l'ayez exécutée " "explicitement ou que la commande :command:`install` l'ait fait pour vous), " "le travail de la commande :command:`install` est relativement simple : tout " "ce qu'il a à faire est de copier tout ce qui est sous :file:`build/lib` (ou :" "file:`build/lib.{plat}`) dans le répertoire que vous avez choisi pour " "l'installation." #: install/index.rst:206 #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you don't choose an installation directory---i.e., if you just run " "``setup.py install``\\ ---then the :command:`install` command installs to " "the standard location for third-party Python modules. This location varies " "by platform and by how you built/installed Python itself. On Unix (and " "macOS, which is also Unix-based), it also depends on whether the module " "distribution being installed is pure Python or contains extensions (\"non-" "pure\"):" msgstr "" "Si vous ne choisissez aucun répertoire d'installation — c'est-à-dire, si " "vous lancez simplement ``setup.py install`` — alors la commande :command:" "`install` installe le module dans l'emplacement standard pour les modules " "tiers de Python. Cet emplacement varie selon la plateforme et selon la façon " "dont vous avez construit ou installé Python lui-même. Sous UNIX (et Mac OS " "X, qui est également basé sur Unix), cela dépend aussi du module de la " "distribution en cours d'installation, suivant qu'il est en pur Python ou " "s'il contient des extensions (« non-pur ») :" #: install/index.rst:216 msgid "Platform" msgstr "Plateforme" #: install/index.rst:216 msgid "Standard installation location" msgstr "Emplacement standard de l'installation" #: install/index.rst:216 msgid "Default value" msgstr "Valeur par défaut" #: install/index.rst:742 install/index.rst:754 msgid "Notes" msgstr "Notes" #: install/index.rst:218 msgid "Unix (pure)" msgstr "UNIX (pur)" #: install/index.rst:431 msgid ":file:`{prefix}/lib/python{X.Y}/site-packages`" msgstr ":file:`{prefix}/lib/python{X.Y}/site-packages`" #: install/index.rst:220 msgid ":file:`/usr/local/lib/python{X.Y}/site-packages`" msgstr ":file:`/usr/local/lib/python{X.Y}/site-packages`" #: install/index.rst:220 install/index.rst:744 msgid "\\(1)" msgstr "\\(1)" #: install/index.rst:220 msgid "Unix (non-pure)" msgstr "UNIX (non-pur)" #: install/index.rst:432 msgid ":file:`{exec-prefix}/lib/python{X.Y}/site-packages`" msgstr ":file:`{exec-prefix}/lib/python{X.Y}/site-packages`" #: install/index.rst:222 msgid "Windows" msgstr "Windows" #: install/index.rst:483 msgid ":file:`{prefix}\\\\Lib\\\\site-packages`" msgstr ":file:`{prefix}\\\\Lib\\\\site-packages`" #: install/index.rst:222 msgid ":file:`C:\\\\Python{XY}\\\\Lib\\\\site-packages`" msgstr ":file:`C:\\\\Python{XY}\\\\Lib\\\\site-packages`" #: install/index.rst:746 msgid "\\(2)" msgstr "\\(2)" #: install/index.rst:766 msgid "Notes:" msgstr "Notes :" #: install/index.rst:228 msgid "" "Most Linux distributions include Python as a standard part of the system, " "so :file:`{prefix}` and :file:`{exec-prefix}` are usually both :file:`/usr` " "on Linux. If you build Python yourself on Linux (or any Unix-like system), " "the default :file:`{prefix}` and :file:`{exec-prefix}` are :file:`/usr/" "local`." msgstr "" "La plupart des distributions Linux incluent Python comme un élément de base " "du système, donc :file:`{prefix}` et :file:`{exec-prefix}` sont généralement " "tous les deux :file:`/usr` sous Linux. Si vous construisez vous-même Python " "sous Linux (ou tout autre système de type Unix), les valeurs par défaut de :" "file:`{prefix}` et :file:`{exec-prefix}` sont souvent :file:`/usr/local`." #: install/index.rst:234 msgid "" "The default installation directory on Windows was :file:`C:\\\\Program " "Files\\\\Python` under Python 1.6a1, 1.5.2, and earlier." msgstr "" "Sous Windows, le dossier d'installation par défaut était : :file:`C:\\" "\\Program Files\\\\Python` sous Python 1.6a1, 1.5.2 et avant." #: install/index.rst:237 #, fuzzy msgid "" ":file:`{prefix}` and :file:`{exec-prefix}` stand for the directories that " "Python is installed to, and where it finds its libraries at run-time. They " "are always the same under Windows, and very often the same under Unix and " "macOS. You can find out what your Python installation uses for :file:" "`{prefix}` and :file:`{exec-prefix}` by running Python in interactive mode " "and typing a few simple commands. Under Unix, just type ``python`` at the " "shell prompt. Under Windows, choose :menuselection:`Start --> Programs --> " "Python X.Y --> Python (command line)`. Once the interpreter is started, " "you type Python code at the prompt. For example, on my Linux system, I type " "the three Python statements shown below, and get the output as shown, to " "find out my :file:`{prefix}` and :file:`{exec-prefix}`:" msgstr "" ":file:`{prefix}` et :file:`{exec-prefix}` désignent les répertoires dans " "lesquels Python est installé et où il trouve ses bibliothèques lors de " "l'exécution. Ils sont toujours identiques sous Windows et très souvent les " "mêmes sous Unix et Mac OS X. Vous pouvez trouver ce que votre installation " "de Python utilise pour :file:`{prefix}` et :file:`{exec-prefix}` en " "exécutant Python en mode interactif et en tapant quelques commandes simples. " "Sous Unix, tapez simplement ``python`` à l'invite du *shell*. Sous Windows, " "sélectionnez :menuselection:`Démarrer --> Programmes --> Python X.Y --> " "Python (ligne de commande)`. Une fois l'interpréteur démarré, vous tapez du " "code Python à l'invite de commande. Par exemple, sur mon système Linux, je " "tape les trois instructions ci-dessous et obtiens la sortie suivante pour " "trouver mes :file:`{prefix}` et :file:`{exec-prefix}` :" #: install/index.rst:259 msgid "" "A few other placeholders are used in this document: :file:`{X.Y}` stands for " "the version of Python, for example ``3.2``; :file:`{abiflags}` will be " "replaced by the value of :data:`sys.abiflags` or the empty string for " "platforms which don't define ABI flags; :file:`{distname}` will be replaced " "by the name of the module distribution being installed. Dots and " "capitalization are important in the paths; for example, a value that uses " "``python3.2`` on UNIX will typically use ``Python32`` on Windows." msgstr "" "Quelques autres remplacements utilisés dans ce document : :file:`{X.Y}` " "représente la version de Python, par exemple ``3.2`` ; :file:`{abiflags}` " "sera remplacé par la valeur de :data:`sys.abiflags` ou la chaîne vide pour " "les plateformes qui ne définissent pas d’indicateurs d’ABI ; :file:" "`{distname}` sera remplacé par le nom de la distribution de modules en train " "d’être installée. Les points et la capitalisation sont importantes dans les " "chemins ; par exemple, une valeur qui utilise ``python3.2`` sur Unix " "utilisera typiquement ``Python32`` sur Windows." #: install/index.rst:267 msgid "" "If you don't want to install modules to the standard location, or if you " "don't have permission to write there, then you need to read about alternate " "installations in section :ref:`inst-alt-install`. If you want to customize " "your installation directories more heavily, see section :ref:`inst-custom-" "install` on custom installations." msgstr "" "Si vous ne voulez pas installer des modules à l'emplacement standard, ou si " "vous n'avez pas la permission d'écrire à cet endroit, alors lisez la " "section :ref:`inst-alt-install` relative aux installations alternatives. Si " "vous souhaitez personnaliser encore plus vos répertoires d'installation, " "lisez la section :ref:`inst-custom-install` sur les installations " "personnalisées." #: install/index.rst:277 msgid "Alternate Installation" msgstr "Installation alternative" #: install/index.rst:279 msgid "" "Often, it is necessary or desirable to install modules to a location other " "than the standard location for third-party Python modules. For example, on " "a Unix system you might not have permission to write to the standard third-" "party module directory. Or you might wish to try out a module before making " "it a standard part of your local Python installation. This is especially " "true when upgrading a distribution already present: you want to make sure " "your existing base of scripts still works with the new version before " "actually upgrading." msgstr "" "Il est souvent nécessaire ou désirable d’installer des modules à un " "emplacement autre que l’emplacement standard pour les modules Python tiers. " "Par exemple, sur un système Unix il est possible que vous n’ayez pas la " "permission d’écrire dans le dossier standard pour les modules tiers. Ou vous " "pouvez vouloir essayer un module avant d’en faire une partie standard de " "votre installation locale de Python. C’est surtout vrai lors d’une mise à " "jour d’une distribution déjà présente : vous voulez vous assurer que votre " "base de scripts fonctionne encore avec la nouvelle version avant de faire la " "mise à jour pour de bon." #: install/index.rst:287 msgid "" "The Distutils :command:`install` command is designed to make installing " "module distributions to an alternate location simple and painless. The " "basic idea is that you supply a base directory for the installation, and " "the :command:`install` command picks a set of directories (called an " "*installation scheme*) under this base directory in which to install files. " "The details differ across platforms, so read whichever of the following " "sections applies to you." msgstr "" "La commande :command:`install` de Distutils est conçue pour rendre " "l’installation de distributions de modules à un emplacement alternatif " "simple et sans douleur. L’idée de base est que vous lui fournissez un " "dossier de base pour l’installation, et la commande :command:`install` " "choisit un ensemble de dossiers (appelé le *schéma d’installation*) dans " "lequel elle installe les fichiers. Les détails diffèrent d’une plateforme à " "une autre, donc lisez les sections ci-dessous qui s’appliquent à vous." #: install/index.rst:295 msgid "" "Note that the various alternate installation schemes are mutually exclusive: " "you can pass ``--user``, or ``--home``, or ``--prefix`` and ``--exec-" "prefix``, or ``--install-base`` and ``--install-platbase``, but you can't " "mix from these groups." msgstr "" "Notez que les différents schémas d’installation alternative sont " "mutuellement exclusifs : vous pouvez passer ``--user``, ou ``--home``, ou " "``--prefix`` et ``--exc-prefix``, ou ``--install-base`` et ``--install-" "platbase``, mais vous ne pouvez pas mélanger ces groupes." #: install/index.rst:304 msgid "Alternate installation: the user scheme" msgstr "Installation alternative : le schéma *user*" #: install/index.rst:306 msgid "" "This scheme is designed to be the most convenient solution for users that " "don't have write permission to the global site-packages directory or don't " "want to install into it. It is enabled with a simple option::" msgstr "" "Ce schéma est conçu pour être la solution la plus pratique pour les " "utilisateurs qui n’ont pas la permission d’écrire dans le dossier site-" "packages global, ou qui ne veulent pas y écrire. Il est activé avec une " "simple option ::" #: install/index.rst:312 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Files will be installed into subdirectories of :data:`site.USER_BASE` " "(written as :file:`{userbase}` hereafter). This scheme installs pure Python " "modules and extension modules in the same location (also known as :data:" "`site.USER_SITE`). Here are the values for UNIX, including macOS:" msgstr "" "Les fichiers seront installés dans des sous-dossiers de :data:`site." "USER_BASE` (écrit :file:`{userbase}` dans la suite). Ce schéma installe des " "modules Python purs et les modules d’extension au même endroit (aussi connu " "sous le nom de :data:`site.USER_SITE`).Voici les valeurs pour UNIX, y " "compris Mac OS X ::" #: install/index.rst:329 install/index.rst:429 install/index.rst:506 #: install/index.rst:754 msgid "Type of file" msgstr "Type de fichier" #: install/index.rst:329 install/index.rst:429 install/index.rst:481 msgid "Installation directory" msgstr "Dossier d'installation" #: install/index.rst:331 install/index.rst:483 msgid "modules" msgstr "modules" #: install/index.rst:320 msgid ":file:`{userbase}/lib/python{X.Y}/site-packages`" msgstr ":file:`{userbase}/lib/python{X.Y}/site-packages`" #: install/index.rst:332 install/index.rst:433 install/index.rst:511 msgid "scripts" msgstr "scripts" #: install/index.rst:321 msgid ":file:`{userbase}/bin`" msgstr ":file:`{userbase}/bin`" #: install/index.rst:333 install/index.rst:434 install/index.rst:512 msgid "data" msgstr "données" #: install/index.rst:333 msgid ":file:`{userbase}`" msgstr ":file:`{userbase}`" #: install/index.rst:334 install/index.rst:435 install/index.rst:513 msgid "C headers" msgstr "en-têtes C" #: install/index.rst:323 msgid ":file:`{userbase}/include/python{X.Y}{abiflags}/{distname}`" msgstr ":file:`{userbase}/include/python{X.Y}{abiflags}/{distname}`" #: install/index.rst:326 msgid "And here are the values used on Windows:" msgstr "Et voici les valeurs utilisées sur Windows ::" #: install/index.rst:331 msgid ":file:`{userbase}\\\\Python{XY}\\\\site-packages`" msgstr ":file:`{userbase}\\\\Python{XY}\\\\site-packages`" #: install/index.rst:332 msgid ":file:`{userbase}\\\\Python{XY}\\\\Scripts`" msgstr ":file:`{userbase}\\\\Python{XY}\\\\Scripts`" #: install/index.rst:334 msgid ":file:`{userbase}\\\\Python{XY}\\\\Include\\\\{distname}`" msgstr ":file:`{userbase}\\\\Python{XY}\\\\Include\\\\{distname}`" #: install/index.rst:337 msgid "" "The advantage of using this scheme compared to the other ones described " "below is that the user site-packages directory is under normal conditions " "always included in :data:`sys.path` (see :mod:`site` for more information), " "which means that there is no additional step to perform after running the :" "file:`setup.py` script to finalize the installation." msgstr "" "L’avantage d’utiliser ce schéma plutôt que les autres décrits plus bas est " "que le dossier site-package du schéma *user* est en temps normal toujours " "inclus dans :data:`sys.path` (voir :mod:`site` pour plus d’informations), ce " "qui signifie qu’il n’y a rien d’autre à faire après avoir exécuté le script :" "file:`setup.py` pour finaliser l’installation." #: install/index.rst:343 msgid "" "The :command:`build_ext` command also has a ``--user`` option to add :file:" "`{userbase}/include` to the compiler search path for header files and :file:" "`{userbase}/lib` to the compiler search path for libraries as well as to the " "runtime search path for shared C libraries (rpath)." msgstr "" "La commande :command:`build_ext` possède aussi une option ``--user`` pour " "ajouter :file:`{userbase}/include` dans les chemins où le compilateur " "recherche les fichiers d'en-têtes et :file:`{userbase}/lib` dans les chemins " "où le compilateur recherche les bibliothèques ainsi que les bibliothèques C " "partagées chargeables à l'exécution (``rpath``)." #: install/index.rst:352 msgid "Alternate installation: the home scheme" msgstr "Installation alternative : le schéma *home*" #: install/index.rst:354 msgid "" "The idea behind the \"home scheme\" is that you build and maintain a " "personal stash of Python modules. This scheme's name is derived from the " "idea of a \"home\" directory on Unix, since it's not unusual for a Unix user " "to make their home directory have a layout similar to :file:`/usr/` or :file:" "`/usr/local/`. This scheme can be used by anyone, regardless of the " "operating system they are installing for." msgstr "" "L’idée derrière le « schéma home » est que vous compilez et maintenez un " "espace personnel de modules Python. Le nom de ce schéma vient de l’idée du " "dossier « home » sur Unix, vu qu’il n’est pas rare pour un utilisateur UNIX " "d'agencer son dossier *home* avec la même disposition que :file:`/usr/` ou :" "file:`/usr/local/`. Ce schéma peut être utilisé par n’importe qui, quel que " "soit le système d’exploitation." #: install/index.rst:361 msgid "Installing a new module distribution is as simple as ::" msgstr "Installer une nouvelle distribution de module est aussi simple que ::" #: install/index.rst:365 msgid "" "where you can supply any directory you like for the :option:`!--home` " "option. On Unix, lazy typists can just type a tilde (``~``); the :command:" "`install` command will expand this to your home directory::" msgstr "" "où vous pouvez fournir le dossier de votre choix à l’option :option:`!--" "home`. Sur Unix, les paresseux peuvent mettre un simple tilde (``~``) ; la " "commande :command:`install` le remplacera par le chemin vers votre dossier " "personnel ::" #: install/index.rst:371 msgid "" "To make Python find the distributions installed with this scheme, you may " "have to :ref:`modify Python's search path ` or edit :mod:" "`sitecustomize` (see :mod:`site`) to call :func:`site.addsitedir` or edit :" "data:`sys.path`." msgstr "" "Pour que Python puisse trouver les distributions installées avec ce schéma, " "vous devez :ref:`modifier le chemin de recherche de Python ` ou modifier :mod:`sitecustomize` (voir :mod:`site`) pour appeler :" "func:`site.addsitedir` ou modifier :data:`sys.path`." #: install/index.rst:376 msgid "" "The :option:`!--home` option defines the installation base directory. Files " "are installed to the following directories under the installation base as " "follows:" msgstr "" "L’option :option:`!--home` définit le dossier de base de l’installation. Les " "fichiers sont installés dans les dossiers suivants sous la base de " "l'installation de la façon suivante ::" #: install/index.rst:382 msgid ":file:`{home}/lib/python`" msgstr ":file:`{home}/lib/python`" #: install/index.rst:383 msgid ":file:`{home}/bin`" msgstr ":file:`{home}/bin`" #: install/index.rst:384 msgid ":file:`{home}`" msgstr ":file:`{home}`" #: install/index.rst:385 msgid ":file:`{home}/include/python/{distname}`" msgstr ":file:`{home}/include/python/{distname}`" #: install/index.rst:388 msgid "(Mentally replace slashes with backslashes if you're on Windows.)" msgstr "" "(Remplacez mentalement les slashs avec des antislashs si vous êtes sur " "Windows.)" #: install/index.rst:394 msgid "Alternate installation: Unix (the prefix scheme)" msgstr "Installation alternative : Unix (le schéma de préfixe)" #: install/index.rst:396 msgid "" "The \"prefix scheme\" is useful when you wish to use one Python installation " "to perform the build/install (i.e., to run the setup script), but install " "modules into the third-party module directory of a different Python " "installation (or something that looks like a different Python " "installation). If this sounds a trifle unusual, it is---that's why the user " "and home schemes come before. However, there are at least two known cases " "where the prefix scheme will be useful." msgstr "" "Le schéma de préfixe est utile quand vous voulez une installation de Python " "pour faire la compilation/l’installation (c.-à-d. exécuter le script " "*setup*), mais utiliser les modules tiers d’une installation Python " "différente (ou quelque chose qui ressemble à une installation Python " "différente). Si cela vous semble inhabituel, ça l’est — c’est pourquoi les " "schémas *user* et *home* viennent avant. Cependant, il y a au moins deux cas " "connus où le schéma *prefix* est utile." #: install/index.rst:403 msgid "" "First, consider that many Linux distributions put Python in :file:`/usr`, " "rather than the more traditional :file:`/usr/local`. This is entirely " "appropriate, since in those cases Python is part of \"the system\" rather " "than a local add-on. However, if you are installing Python modules from " "source, you probably want them to go in :file:`/usr/local/lib/python2.{X}` " "rather than :file:`/usr/lib/python2.{X}`. This can be done with ::" msgstr "" "Premièrement, considérez que beaucoup de distributions Linux mettent Python " "dans :file:`/usr`, plutôt que le traditionnel :file:`/usr/local`. C’est tout " "à fait approprié, puisque dans ces cas Python fait partie du « système » " "plutôt que d’une addition locale. Cependant, si vous installez des modules " "Python depuis leur source, vous voulez probablement qu’ils aillent dans :" "file:`/usr/local/lib/python2.{X}` plutôt que dans :file:`/usr/lib/python2.{X}" "`. Ça peut être fait avec ::" #: install/index.rst:412 msgid "" "Another possibility is a network filesystem where the name used to write to " "a remote directory is different from the name used to read it: for example, " "the Python interpreter accessed as :file:`/usr/local/bin/python` might " "search for modules in :file:`/usr/local/lib/python2.{X}`, but those modules " "would have to be installed to, say, :file:`/mnt/{@server}/export/lib/python2." "{X}`. This could be done with ::" msgstr "" "Une autre possibilité est un système de fichiers réseau où le nom utilisé " "pour écrire dans un dossier distant est différent du nom utilisé pour le " "lire : par exemple, l’interpréteur Python auquel on accède par :file:`/usr/" "local/bin/python` peut chercher les modules dans :file:`/usr/local/lib/" "python2.{X}`, mais ces modules doivent être installés dans, par exemple, :" "file:`/mnt/{@server}/export/lib/python2.{X}`. Ça peut être fait avec ::" #: install/index.rst:421 msgid "" "In either case, the :option:`!--prefix` option defines the installation " "base, and the :option:`!--exec-prefix` option defines the platform-specific " "installation base, which is used for platform-specific files. (Currently, " "this just means non-pure module distributions, but could be expanded to C " "libraries, binary executables, etc.) If :option:`!--exec-prefix` is not " "supplied, it defaults to :option:`!--prefix`. Files are installed as " "follows:" msgstr "" "Dans les deux cas, l’option :option:`!--prefix` définit la base de " "l’installation et l’option :option:`!--exec-prefix` définit la base " "d’installation spécifique à la plateforme, qui est utilisée pour des " "fichiers spécifiques à la plateforme (actuellement, ça ne concerne que les " "distributions de modules non-purs, mais cela pourrait être étendu aux " "bibliothèques C, exécutables, etc.). Si l'option :option:`!--exec-prefix` " "n’est pas fournie, elle vaut par défaut :option:`!--prefix`. Les fichiers " "sont installés ainsi :" #: install/index.rst:508 msgid "Python modules" msgstr "Modules Python" #: install/index.rst:509 msgid "extension modules" msgstr "modules d'extension" #: install/index.rst:433 msgid ":file:`{prefix}/bin`" msgstr ":file:`{prefix}/bin`" #: install/index.rst:485 msgid ":file:`{prefix}`" msgstr ":file:`{prefix}`" #: install/index.rst:435 msgid ":file:`{prefix}/include/python{X.Y}{abiflags}/{distname}`" msgstr ":file:`{prefix}/include/python{X.Y}{abiflags}/{distname}`" #: install/index.rst:438 msgid "" "There is no requirement that :option:`!--prefix` or :option:`!--exec-prefix` " "actually point to an alternate Python installation; if the directories " "listed above do not already exist, they are created at installation time." msgstr "" "Il n'est pas obligatoire que :option:`!--prefix` ou :option:`!--exec-prefix` " "pointent vers une installation alternative de Python. Si les dossiers listés " "ci-dessus n’existent pas, ils sont créés au moment de l’installation." #: install/index.rst:442 msgid "" "Incidentally, the real reason the prefix scheme is important is simply that " "a standard Unix installation uses the prefix scheme, but with :option:`!--" "prefix` and :option:`!--exec-prefix` supplied by Python itself as ``sys." "prefix`` and ``sys.exec_prefix``. Thus, you might think you'll never use " "the prefix scheme, but every time you run ``python setup.py install`` " "without any other options, you're using it." msgstr "" "Accessoirement, la vraie raison pour laquelle le schéma *prefix* est " "important est simplement qu’une installation Unix standard utilise le schéma " "*prefix*, mais avec les options :option:`!--prefix` et :option:`!--exec-" "prefix` fournies par Python lui-même en tant que ``sys.prefix`` et ``sys." "exec_prefix``. Vous pouvez donc penser que vous n’utiliserez jamais le " "schéma *prefix*, mais à chaque fois que vous lancez ``python setup.py " "install`` sans autre option, vous l’utilisez." #: install/index.rst:449 msgid "" "Note that installing extensions to an alternate Python installation has no " "effect on how those extensions are built: in particular, the Python header " "files (:file:`Python.h` and friends) installed with the Python interpreter " "used to run the setup script will be used in compiling extensions. It is " "your responsibility to ensure that the interpreter used to run extensions " "installed in this way is compatible with the interpreter used to build " "them. The best way to do this is to ensure that the two interpreters are " "the same version of Python (possibly different builds, or possibly copies of " "the same build). (Of course, if your :option:`!--prefix` and :option:`!--" "exec-prefix` don't even point to an alternate Python installation, this is " "immaterial.)" msgstr "" "Notez qu’installer des extensions à une installation Python alternative n’a " "aucun effet sur la façon dont ces extensions sont construites. En " "particulier, les fichiers en-têtes de Python (:file:`Python.h` et ses amis) " "installés avec l’interpréteur Python utilisé pour exécuter le script *setup* " "seront utilisés pour compiler les extensions. Il est de votre responsabilité " "de vous assurer que l’interpréteur utilisé pour exécuter les extensions " "installées de cette façon est compatible avec celui utilisé pour les " "compiler. La meilleure façon pour cela est de s’assurer qu’ils sont " "exactement la même version de Python (possiblement des compilations " "différentes, ou différentes copies de la même). (Évidemment, si vos :option:" "`!--prefix` et :option:`!--exec-prefix` ne pointent pas vers une " "installation alternative de Python, cela n’a pas de sens.)" #: install/index.rst:464 msgid "Alternate installation: Windows (the prefix scheme)" msgstr "Installation alternative : Windows (le schéma de préfixe)" #: install/index.rst:466 msgid "" "Windows has no concept of a user's home directory, and since the standard " "Python installation under Windows is simpler than under Unix, the :option:" "`!--prefix` option has traditionally been used to install additional " "packages in separate locations on Windows. ::" msgstr "" "Windows n'a pas de concept de répertoire utilisateur, et comme " "l'installation standard de Python sur Windows est plus simple que sur Unix, " "l':option:`!--prefix` option a traditionnellement été utilisée pour " "installer des paquets supplémentaires à des endroits séparés sur Windows. ::" #: install/index.rst:473 msgid "" "to install modules to the :file:`\\\\Temp\\\\Python` directory on the " "current drive." msgstr "" "pour installer des modules dans le dossier :file:`\\\\Temp\\\\Python` du " "disque courant." #: install/index.rst:475 msgid "" "The installation base is defined by the :option:`!--prefix` option; the :" "option:`!--exec-prefix` option is not supported under Windows, which means " "that pure Python modules and extension modules are installed into the same " "location. Files are installed as follows:" msgstr "" "Le dossier racine de l'installation est défini par l'option :option:`!--" "prefix`. L'option :option:`!--exec-prefix` n'est pas gérée sur Windows, ce " "qui signifie que les modules Python et les modules d'extension sont " "installés au même endroit. Les fichiers sont installés selon ce tableau :" #: install/index.rst:484 msgid ":file:`{prefix}\\\\Scripts`" msgstr ":file:`{prefix}\\\\Scripts`" #: install/index.rst:486 msgid ":file:`{prefix}\\\\Include\\\\{distname}`" msgstr ":file:`{prefix}\\\\Include\\\\{distname}`" #: install/index.rst:493 msgid "Custom Installation" msgstr "Installation personnalisée" #: install/index.rst:495 msgid "" "Sometimes, the alternate installation schemes described in section :ref:" "`inst-alt-install` just don't do what you want. You might want to tweak " "just one or two directories while keeping everything under the same base " "directory, or you might want to completely redefine the installation " "scheme. In either case, you're creating a *custom installation scheme*." msgstr "" "Parfois, les procédés d'installation alternatifs décrits dans la section :" "ref:`inst-alt-install` ne font pas ce que vous attendiez. Vous pourriez " "vouloir modifier seulement un ou deux répertoires en conservant tout le " "reste sous la même racine, ou vouloir redéfinir l'ensemble du procédé " "d'installation. Quel que soit le cas, vous créez ainsi un *procédé " "d'installation personnalisé*." #: install/index.rst:501 msgid "" "To create a custom installation scheme, you start with one of the alternate " "schemes and override some of the installation directories used for the " "various types of files, using these options:" msgstr "" "Pour créer un modèle d'installation personnalisé, partez d'un modèle " "alternatif et remplacez les dossiers d'installation de types de fichiers " "donnés via ces options :" #: install/index.rst:506 msgid "Override option" msgstr "Option" #: install/index.rst:508 msgid "``--install-purelib``" msgstr "``--install-purelib``" #: install/index.rst:509 msgid "``--install-platlib``" msgstr "``--install-platlib``" #: install/index.rst:510 msgid "all modules" msgstr "tous les modules" #: install/index.rst:510 msgid "``--install-lib``" msgstr "``--install-lib``" #: install/index.rst:511 msgid "``--install-scripts``" msgstr "``--install-scripts``" #: install/index.rst:512 msgid "``--install-data``" msgstr "``--install-data``" #: install/index.rst:513 msgid "``--install-headers``" msgstr "``--install-headers``" #: install/index.rst:516 msgid "" "These override options can be relative, absolute, or explicitly defined in " "terms of one of the installation base directories. (There are two " "installation base directories, and they are normally the same---they only " "differ when you use the Unix \"prefix scheme\" and supply different ``--" "prefix`` and ``--exec-prefix`` options; using ``--install-lib`` will " "override values computed or given for ``--install-purelib`` and ``--install-" "platlib``, and is recommended for schemes that don't make a difference " "between Python and extension modules.)" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:525 msgid "" "For example, say you're installing a module distribution to your home " "directory under Unix---but you want scripts to go in :file:`~/scripts` " "rather than :file:`~/bin`. As you might expect, you can override this " "directory with the :option:`!--install-scripts` option; in this case, it " "makes most sense to supply a relative path, which will be interpreted " "relative to the installation base directory (your home directory, in this " "case)::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:534 msgid "" "Another Unix example: suppose your Python installation was built and " "installed with a prefix of :file:`/usr/local/python`, so under a standard " "installation scripts will wind up in :file:`/usr/local/python/bin`. If you " "want them in :file:`/usr/local/bin` instead, you would supply this absolute " "directory for the :option:`!--install-scripts` option::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:542 msgid "" "(This performs an installation using the \"prefix scheme\", where the prefix " "is whatever your Python interpreter was installed with--- :file:`/usr/local/" "python` in this case.)" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:546 msgid "" "If you maintain Python on Windows, you might want third-party modules to " "live in a subdirectory of :file:`{prefix}`, rather than right in :file:" "`{prefix}` itself. This is almost as easy as customizing the script " "installation directory---you just have to remember that there are two types " "of modules to worry about, Python and extension modules, which can " "conveniently be both controlled by one option::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:555 msgid "" "The specified installation directory is relative to :file:`{prefix}`. Of " "course, you also have to ensure that this directory is in Python's module " "search path, such as by putting a :file:`.pth` file in a site directory " "(see :mod:`site`). See section :ref:`inst-search-path` to find out how to " "modify Python's search path." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:561 msgid "" "If you want to define an entire installation scheme, you just have to supply " "all of the installation directory options. The recommended way to do this " "is to supply relative paths; for example, if you want to maintain all Python " "module-related files under :file:`python` in your home directory, and you " "want a separate directory for each platform that you use your home directory " "from, you might define the following installation scheme::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:574 msgid "or, equivalently, ::" msgstr "ou ::" #: install/index.rst:582 msgid "" "``$PLAT`` is not (necessarily) an environment variable---it will be expanded " "by the Distutils as it parses your command line options, just as it does " "when parsing your configuration file(s)." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:586 msgid "" "Obviously, specifying the entire installation scheme every time you install " "a new module distribution would be very tedious. Thus, you can put these " "options into your Distutils config file (see section :ref:`inst-config-" "files`):" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:599 msgid "or, equivalently," msgstr "ou (équivalent)," #: install/index.rst:610 msgid "" "Note that these two are *not* equivalent if you supply a different " "installation base directory when you run the setup script. For example, ::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:615 msgid "" "would install pure modules to :file:`/tmp/python/lib` in the first case, and " "to :file:`/tmp/lib` in the second case. (For the second case, you probably " "want to supply an installation base of :file:`/tmp/python`.)" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:619 msgid "" "You probably noticed the use of ``$HOME`` and ``$PLAT`` in the sample " "configuration file input. These are Distutils configuration variables, " "which bear a strong resemblance to environment variables. In fact, you can " "use environment variables in config files on platforms that have such a " "notion but the Distutils additionally define a few extra variables that may " "not be in your environment, such as ``$PLAT``. (And of course, on systems " "that don't have environment variables, such as Mac OS 9, the configuration " "variables supplied by the Distutils are the only ones you can use.) See " "section :ref:`inst-config-files` for details." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:629 msgid "" "When a :ref:`virtual environment ` is activated, any options that " "change the installation path will be ignored from all distutils " "configuration files to prevent inadvertently installing projects outside of " "the virtual environment." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:643 msgid "Modifying Python's Search Path" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:645 msgid "" "When the Python interpreter executes an :keyword:`import` statement, it " "searches for both Python code and extension modules along a search path. A " "default value for the path is configured into the Python binary when the " "interpreter is built. You can determine the path by importing the :mod:`sys` " "module and printing the value of ``sys.path``. ::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:662 msgid "" "The null string in ``sys.path`` represents the current working directory." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:664 msgid "" "The expected convention for locally installed packages is to put them in " "the :file:`{...}/site-packages/` directory, but you may want to install " "Python modules into some arbitrary directory. For example, your site may " "have a convention of keeping all software related to the web server under :" "file:`/www`. Add-on Python modules might then belong in :file:`/www/python`, " "and in order to import them, this directory must be added to ``sys.path``. " "There are several different ways to add the directory." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:672 msgid "" "The most convenient way is to add a path configuration file to a directory " "that's already on Python's path, usually to the :file:`.../site-packages/` " "directory. Path configuration files have an extension of :file:`.pth`, and " "each line must contain a single path that will be appended to ``sys.path``. " "(Because the new paths are appended to ``sys.path``, modules in the added " "directories will not override standard modules. This means you can't use " "this mechanism for installing fixed versions of standard modules.)" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:680 msgid "" "Paths can be absolute or relative, in which case they're relative to the " "directory containing the :file:`.pth` file. See the documentation of the :" "mod:`site` module for more information." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:684 msgid "" "A slightly less convenient way is to edit the :file:`site.py` file in " "Python's standard library, and modify ``sys.path``. :file:`site.py` is " "automatically imported when the Python interpreter is executed, unless the :" "option:`-S` switch is supplied to suppress this behaviour. So you could " "simply edit :file:`site.py` and add two lines to it:" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:695 msgid "" "However, if you reinstall the same major version of Python (perhaps when " "upgrading from 2.2 to 2.2.2, for example) :file:`site.py` will be " "overwritten by the stock version. You'd have to remember that it was " "modified and save a copy before doing the installation." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:700 msgid "" "There are two environment variables that can modify ``sys.path``. :envvar:" "`PYTHONHOME` sets an alternate value for the prefix of the Python " "installation. For example, if :envvar:`PYTHONHOME` is set to ``/www/" "python``, the search path will be set to ``['', '/www/python/lib/pythonX." "Y/', '/www/python/lib/pythonX.Y/plat-linux2', ...]``." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:706 msgid "" "The :envvar:`PYTHONPATH` variable can be set to a list of paths that will be " "added to the beginning of ``sys.path``. For example, if :envvar:" "`PYTHONPATH` is set to ``/www/python:/opt/py``, the search path will begin " "with ``['/www/python', '/opt/py']``. (Note that directories must exist in " "order to be added to ``sys.path``; the :mod:`site` module removes paths that " "don't exist.)" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:713 msgid "" "Finally, ``sys.path`` is just a regular Python list, so any Python " "application can modify it by adding or removing entries." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:720 msgid "Distutils Configuration Files" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:722 msgid "" "As mentioned above, you can use Distutils configuration files to record " "personal or site preferences for any Distutils options. That is, any option " "to any command can be stored in one of two or three (depending on your " "platform) configuration files, which will be consulted before the command-" "line is parsed. This means that configuration files will override default " "values, and the command-line will in turn override configuration files. " "Furthermore, if multiple configuration files apply, values from \"earlier\" " "files are overridden by \"later\" files." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:735 msgid "Location and names of config files" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:737 msgid "" "The names and locations of the configuration files vary slightly across " "platforms. On Unix and macOS, the three configuration files (in the order " "they are processed) are:" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:754 msgid "Location and filename" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:756 msgid "system" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:744 msgid ":file:`{prefix}/lib/python{ver}/distutils/distutils.cfg`" msgstr ":file:`{prefix}/lib/python{ver}/distutils/distutils.cfg`" #: install/index.rst:758 msgid "personal" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:746 msgid ":file:`$HOME/.pydistutils.cfg`" msgstr ":file:`$HOME/.pydistutils.cfg`" #: install/index.rst:760 msgid "local" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:760 msgid ":file:`setup.cfg`" msgstr ":file:`setup.cfg`" #: install/index.rst:760 msgid "\\(3)" msgstr "\\(3)" #: install/index.rst:751 msgid "And on Windows, the configuration files are:" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:756 msgid ":file:`{prefix}\\\\Lib\\\\distutils\\\\distutils.cfg`" msgstr ":file:`{prefix}\\\\Lib\\\\distutils\\\\distutils.cfg`" #: install/index.rst:756 msgid "\\(4)" msgstr "\\(4)" #: install/index.rst:758 msgid ":file:`%HOME%\\\\pydistutils.cfg`" msgstr ":file:`%HOME%\\\\pydistutils.cfg`" #: install/index.rst:758 msgid "\\(5)" msgstr "\\(5)" #: install/index.rst:763 msgid "" "On all platforms, the \"personal\" file can be temporarily disabled by " "passing the ``--no-user-cfg`` option." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:769 msgid "" "Strictly speaking, the system-wide configuration file lives in the directory " "where the Distutils are installed; under Python 1.6 and later on Unix, this " "is as shown. For Python 1.5.2, the Distutils will normally be installed to :" "file:`{prefix}/lib/python1.5/site-packages/distutils`, so the system " "configuration file should be put there under Python 1.5.2." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:776 msgid "" "On Unix, if the :envvar:`HOME` environment variable is not defined, the " "user's home directory will be determined with the :func:`getpwuid` function " "from the standard :mod:`pwd` module. This is done by the :func:`os.path." "expanduser` function used by Distutils." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:782 msgid "" "I.e., in the current directory (usually the location of the setup script)." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:785 msgid "" "(See also note (1).) Under Python 1.6 and later, Python's default " "\"installation prefix\" is :file:`C:\\\\Python`, so the system configuration " "file is normally :file:`C:\\\\Python\\\\Lib\\\\distutils\\\\distutils.cfg`. " "Under Python 1.5.2, the default prefix was :file:`C:\\\\Program Files\\" "\\Python`, and the Distutils were not part of the standard library---so the " "system configuration file would be :file:`C:\\\\Program Files\\\\Python\\" "\\distutils\\\\distutils.cfg` in a standard Python 1.5.2 installation under " "Windows." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:794 msgid "" "On Windows, if the :envvar:`HOME` environment variable is not defined, :" "envvar:`USERPROFILE` then :envvar:`HOMEDRIVE` and :envvar:`HOMEPATH` will be " "tried. This is done by the :func:`os.path.expanduser` function used by " "Distutils." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:803 msgid "Syntax of config files" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:805 msgid "" "The Distutils configuration files all have the same syntax. The config " "files are grouped into sections. There is one section for each Distutils " "command, plus a ``global`` section for global options that affect every " "command. Each section consists of one option per line, specified as " "``option=value``." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:810 msgid "" "For example, the following is a complete config file that just forces all " "commands to run quietly by default:" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:818 msgid "" "If this is installed as the system config file, it will affect all " "processing of any Python module distribution by any user on the current " "system. If it is installed as your personal config file (on systems that " "support them), it will affect only module distributions processed by you. " "And if it is used as the :file:`setup.cfg` for a particular module " "distribution, it affects only that distribution." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:825 msgid "" "You could override the default \"build base\" directory and make the :" "command:`build\\*` commands always forcibly rebuild all files with the " "following:" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:835 msgid "which corresponds to the command-line arguments ::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:839 msgid "" "except that including the :command:`build` command on the command-line means " "that command will be run. Including a particular command in config files " "has no such implication; it only means that if the command is run, the " "options in the config file will apply. (Or if other commands that derive " "values from it are run, they will use the values in the config file.)" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:845 msgid "" "You can find out the complete list of options for any command using the :" "option:`!--help` option, e.g.::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:850 msgid "" "and you can find out the complete list of global options by using :option:" "`!--help` without a command::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:855 msgid "" "See also the \"Reference\" section of the \"Distributing Python Modules\" " "manual." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:861 msgid "Building Extensions: Tips and Tricks" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:863 msgid "" "Whenever possible, the Distutils try to use the configuration information " "made available by the Python interpreter used to run the :file:`setup.py` " "script. For example, the same compiler and linker flags used to compile " "Python will also be used for compiling extensions. Usually this will work " "well, but in complicated situations this might be inappropriate. This " "section discusses how to override the usual Distutils behaviour." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:874 msgid "Tweaking compiler/linker flags" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:876 msgid "" "Compiling a Python extension written in C or C++ will sometimes require " "specifying custom flags for the compiler and linker in order to use a " "particular library or produce a special kind of object code. This is " "especially true if the extension hasn't been tested on your platform, or if " "you're trying to cross-compile Python." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:882 msgid "" "In the most general case, the extension author might have foreseen that " "compiling the extensions would be complicated, and provided a :file:`Setup` " "file for you to edit. This will likely only be done if the module " "distribution contains many separate extension modules, or if they often " "require elaborate sets of compiler flags in order to work." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:888 msgid "" "A :file:`Setup` file, if present, is parsed in order to get a list of " "extensions to build. Each line in a :file:`Setup` describes a single " "module. Lines have the following structure::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:895 msgid "Let's examine each of the fields in turn." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:897 msgid "" "*module* is the name of the extension module to be built, and should be a " "valid Python identifier. You can't just change this in order to rename a " "module (edits to the source code would also be needed), so this should be " "left alone." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:901 msgid "" "*sourcefile* is anything that's likely to be a source code file, at least " "judging by the filename. Filenames ending in :file:`.c` are assumed to be " "written in C, filenames ending in :file:`.C`, :file:`.cc`, and :file:`.c++` " "are assumed to be C++, and filenames ending in :file:`.m` or :file:`.mm` are " "assumed to be in Objective C." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:907 msgid "" "*cpparg* is an argument for the C preprocessor, and is anything starting " "with :option:`!-I`, :option:`!-D`, :option:`!-U` or :option:`!-C`." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:910 msgid "" "*library* is anything ending in :file:`.a` or beginning with :option:`!-l` " "or :option:`!-L`." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:913 msgid "" "If a particular platform requires a special library on your platform, you " "can add it by editing the :file:`Setup` file and running ``python setup.py " "build``. For example, if the module defined by the line ::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:919 msgid "" "must be linked with the math library :file:`libm.a` on your platform, simply " "add :option:`!-lm` to the line::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:924 msgid "" "Arbitrary switches intended for the compiler or the linker can be supplied " "with the :option:`!-Xcompiler` *arg* and :option:`!-Xlinker` *arg* options::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:929 msgid "" "The next option after :option:`!-Xcompiler` and :option:`!-Xlinker` will be " "appended to the proper command line, so in the above example the compiler " "will be passed the :option:`!-o32` option, and the linker will be passed :" "option:`!-shared`. If a compiler option requires an argument, you'll have " "to supply multiple :option:`!-Xcompiler` options; for example, to pass ``-x " "c++`` the :file:`Setup` file would have to contain ``-Xcompiler -x -" "Xcompiler c++``." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:936 msgid "" "Compiler flags can also be supplied through setting the :envvar:`CFLAGS` " "environment variable. If set, the contents of :envvar:`CFLAGS` will be " "added to the compiler flags specified in the :file:`Setup` file." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:944 msgid "Using non-Microsoft compilers on Windows" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:951 msgid "Borland/CodeGear C++" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:953 msgid "" "This subsection describes the necessary steps to use Distutils with the " "Borland C++ compiler version 5.5. First you have to know that Borland's " "object file format (OMF) is different from the format used by the Python " "version you can download from the Python or ActiveState web site. (Python " "is built with Microsoft Visual C++, which uses COFF as the object file " "format.) For this reason you have to convert Python's library :file:" "`python25.lib` into the Borland format. You can do this as follows:" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:968 msgid "" "The :file:`coff2omf` program comes with the Borland compiler. The file :" "file:`python25.lib` is in the :file:`Libs` directory of your Python " "installation. If your extension uses other libraries (zlib, ...) you have " "to convert them too." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:973 msgid "" "The converted files have to reside in the same directories as the normal " "libraries." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:976 msgid "" "How does Distutils manage to use these libraries with their changed names? " "If the extension needs a library (eg. :file:`foo`) Distutils checks first if " "it finds a library with suffix :file:`_bcpp` (eg. :file:`foo_bcpp.lib`) and " "then uses this library. In the case it doesn't find such a special library " "it uses the default name (:file:`foo.lib`.) [#]_" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:982 msgid "" "To let Distutils compile your extension with Borland C++ you now have to " "type::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:986 msgid "" "If you want to use the Borland C++ compiler as the default, you could " "specify this in your personal or system-wide configuration file for " "Distutils (see section :ref:`inst-config-files`.)" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:995 msgid "`C++Builder Compiler `_" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:994 msgid "" "Information about the free C++ compiler from Borland, including links to the " "download pages." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:998 msgid "" "`Creating Python Extensions Using Borland's Free Compiler `_" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:998 msgid "" "Document describing how to use Borland's free command-line C++ compiler to " "build Python." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1003 msgid "GNU C / Cygwin / MinGW" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1005 msgid "" "This section describes the necessary steps to use Distutils with the GNU C/C+" "+ compilers in their Cygwin and MinGW distributions. [#]_ For a Python " "interpreter that was built with Cygwin, everything should work without any " "of these following steps." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1010 msgid "" "Not all extensions can be built with MinGW or Cygwin, but many can. " "Extensions most likely to not work are those that use C++ or depend on " "Microsoft Visual C extensions." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1014 msgid "To let Distutils compile your extension with Cygwin you have to type::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1018 msgid "and for Cygwin in no-cygwin mode [#]_ or for MinGW type::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1022 msgid "" "If you want to use any of these options/compilers as default, you should " "consider writing it in your personal or system-wide configuration file for " "Distutils (see section :ref:`inst-config-files`.)" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1027 msgid "Older Versions of Python and MinGW" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1028 msgid "" "The following instructions only apply if you're using a version of Python " "inferior to 2.4.1 with a MinGW inferior to 3.0.0 (with " "binutils-2.13.90-20030111-1)." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1032 msgid "" "These compilers require some special libraries. This task is more complex " "than for Borland's C++, because there is no program to convert the library. " "First you have to create a list of symbols which the Python DLL exports. " "(You can find a good program for this task at https://sourceforge.net/" "projects/mingw/files/MinGW/Extension/pexports/)." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1045 msgid "" "The location of an installed :file:`python25.dll` will depend on the " "installation options and the version and language of Windows. In a \"just " "for me\" installation, it will appear in the root of the installation " "directory. In a shared installation, it will be located in the system " "directory." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1050 msgid "" "Then you can create from these information an import library for gcc. ::" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1054 msgid "" "The resulting library has to be placed in the same directory as :file:" "`python25.lib`. (Should be the :file:`libs` directory under your Python " "installation directory.)" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1058 msgid "" "If your extension uses other libraries (zlib,...) you might have to convert " "them too. The converted files have to reside in the same directories as the " "normal libraries do." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1065 msgid "" "`Building Python modules on MS Windows platform with MinGW `_" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1066 msgid "" "Information about building the required libraries for the MinGW environment." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1070 msgid "Footnotes" msgstr "Notes" #: install/index.rst:1071 msgid "" "This also means you could replace all existing COFF-libraries with OMF-" "libraries of the same name." msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1074 msgid "Check https://www.sourceware.org/cygwin/ for more information" msgstr "" #: install/index.rst:1076 msgid "" "Then you have no POSIX emulation available, but you also don't need :file:" "`cygwin1.dll`." msgstr ""