forked from AFPy/python-docs-fr
391 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
391 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
# Copyright (C) 2001-2018, Python Software Foundation
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# For licence information, see README file.
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#
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#, fuzzy
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.6\n"
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"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-06-10 11:27+0200\n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-02-15 00:37+0100\n"
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"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
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"Language-Team: FRENCH <traductions@lists.afpy.org>\n"
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"Language: fr\n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:3
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msgid "Extending/Embedding FAQ"
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msgstr "FAQ extension/intégration"
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:6
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msgid "Contents"
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msgstr "Sommaire"
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:16
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msgid "Can I create my own functions in C?"
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msgstr "Puis-je créer mes propres fonctions en C ?"
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:18
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msgid ""
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"Yes, you can create built-in modules containing functions, variables, "
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"exceptions and even new types in C. This is explained in the document :ref:"
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"`extending-index`."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:22
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msgid "Most intermediate or advanced Python books will also cover this topic."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:26
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msgid "Can I create my own functions in C++?"
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msgstr "Puis-je créer mes propres fonctions en C++ ?"
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:28
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msgid ""
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"Yes, using the C compatibility features found in C++. Place ``extern \"C"
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"\" { ... }`` around the Python include files and put ``extern \"C\"`` before "
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"each function that is going to be called by the Python interpreter. Global "
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"or static C++ objects with constructors are probably not a good idea."
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msgstr ""
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"Oui, en utilisant les fonctionnalités de compatibilité C existantes en C++. "
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"Placez ``extern \"C\" { ... }`` autour des fichiers Python inclus et mettez "
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"``extern \"C\"`` avant chaque fonction qui va être appelée par "
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"l'interpréteur Python. Les objets C++ globaux ou statiques avec les "
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"constructeurs ne sont probablement pas une bonne idée."
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:37
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msgid "Writing C is hard; are there any alternatives?"
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msgstr "Écrire directement en C est difficile ; existe-t-il des alternatives ?"
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:39
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msgid ""
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"There are a number of alternatives to writing your own C extensions, "
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"depending on what you're trying to do."
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msgstr ""
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"Il y a un certain nombre de solutions existantes qui vous permettent "
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"d'écrire vos propres extensions C, selon ce que vous essayez de faire."
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:44
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msgid ""
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"`Cython <http://cython.org>`_ and its relative `Pyrex <https://www.cosc."
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"canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/>`_ are compilers that accept a "
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"slightly modified form of Python and generate the corresponding C code. "
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"Cython and Pyrex make it possible to write an extension without having to "
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"learn Python's C API."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:50
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msgid ""
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"If you need to interface to some C or C++ library for which no Python "
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"extension currently exists, you can try wrapping the library's data types "
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"and functions with a tool such as `SWIG <http://www.swig.org>`_. `SIP "
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"<https://riverbankcomputing.com/software/sip/intro>`__, `CXX <http://cxx."
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"sourceforge.net/>`_ `Boost <http://www.boost.org/libs/python/doc/index."
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"html>`_, or `Weave <https://github.com/scipy/weave>`_ are also alternatives "
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"for wrapping C++ libraries."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:61
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msgid "How can I execute arbitrary Python statements from C?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:63
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msgid ""
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"The highest-level function to do this is :c:func:`PyRun_SimpleString` which "
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"takes a single string argument to be executed in the context of the module "
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"``__main__`` and returns ``0`` for success and ``-1`` when an exception "
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"occurred (including ``SyntaxError``). If you want more control, use :c:func:"
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"`PyRun_String`; see the source for :c:func:`PyRun_SimpleString` in ``Python/"
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"pythonrun.c``."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:72
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msgid "How can I evaluate an arbitrary Python expression from C?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:74
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msgid ""
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"Call the function :c:func:`PyRun_String` from the previous question with the "
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"start symbol :c:data:`Py_eval_input`; it parses an expression, evaluates it "
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"and returns its value."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:80
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msgid "How do I extract C values from a Python object?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:82
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msgid ""
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"That depends on the object's type. If it's a tuple, :c:func:`PyTuple_Size` "
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"returns its length and :c:func:`PyTuple_GetItem` returns the item at a "
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"specified index. Lists have similar functions, :c:func:`PyListSize` and :c:"
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"func:`PyList_GetItem`."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:87
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msgid ""
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"For bytes, :c:func:`PyBytes_Size` returns its length and :c:func:"
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"`PyBytes_AsStringAndSize` provides a pointer to its value and its length. "
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"Note that Python bytes objects may contain null bytes so C's :c:func:"
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"`strlen` should not be used."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:92
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msgid ""
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"To test the type of an object, first make sure it isn't *NULL*, and then "
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"use :c:func:`PyBytes_Check`, :c:func:`PyTuple_Check`, :c:func:"
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"`PyList_Check`, etc."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:95
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msgid ""
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"There is also a high-level API to Python objects which is provided by the so-"
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"called 'abstract' interface -- read ``Include/abstract.h`` for further "
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"details. It allows interfacing with any kind of Python sequence using calls "
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"like :c:func:`PySequence_Length`, :c:func:`PySequence_GetItem`, etc. as well "
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"as many other useful protocols such as numbers (:c:func:`PyNumber_Index` et "
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"al.) and mappings in the PyMapping APIs."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:104
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msgid "How do I use Py_BuildValue() to create a tuple of arbitrary length?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:106
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msgid "You can't. Use :c:func:`PyTuple_Pack` instead."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:110
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msgid "How do I call an object's method from C?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:112
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msgid ""
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"The :c:func:`PyObject_CallMethod` function can be used to call an arbitrary "
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"method of an object. The parameters are the object, the name of the method "
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"to call, a format string like that used with :c:func:`Py_BuildValue`, and "
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"the argument values::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:121
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msgid ""
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"This works for any object that has methods -- whether built-in or user-"
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"defined. You are responsible for eventually :c:func:`Py_DECREF`\\ 'ing the "
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"return value."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:124
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msgid ""
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"To call, e.g., a file object's \"seek\" method with arguments 10, 0 "
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"(assuming the file object pointer is \"f\")::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:135
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msgid ""
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"Note that since :c:func:`PyObject_CallObject` *always* wants a tuple for the "
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"argument list, to call a function without arguments, pass \"()\" for the "
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"format, and to call a function with one argument, surround the argument in "
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"parentheses, e.g. \"(i)\"."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:142
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msgid ""
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"How do I catch the output from PyErr_Print() (or anything that prints to "
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"stdout/stderr)?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:144
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msgid ""
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"In Python code, define an object that supports the ``write()`` method. "
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"Assign this object to :data:`sys.stdout` and :data:`sys.stderr`. Call "
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"print_error, or just allow the standard traceback mechanism to work. Then, "
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"the output will go wherever your ``write()`` method sends it."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:149
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msgid "The easiest way to do this is to use the :class:`io.StringIO` class:"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:161
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msgid "A custom object to do the same would look like this:"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:182
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msgid "How do I access a module written in Python from C?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:184
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msgid "You can get a pointer to the module object as follows::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:188
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msgid ""
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"If the module hasn't been imported yet (i.e. it is not yet present in :data:"
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"`sys.modules`), this initializes the module; otherwise it simply returns the "
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"value of ``sys.modules[\"<modulename>\"]``. Note that it doesn't enter the "
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"module into any namespace -- it only ensures it has been initialized and is "
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"stored in :data:`sys.modules`."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:194
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msgid ""
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"You can then access the module's attributes (i.e. any name defined in the "
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"module) as follows::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:199
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msgid ""
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"Calling :c:func:`PyObject_SetAttrString` to assign to variables in the "
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"module also works."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:204
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msgid "How do I interface to C++ objects from Python?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:206
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msgid ""
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"Depending on your requirements, there are many approaches. To do this "
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"manually, begin by reading :ref:`the \"Extending and Embedding\" document "
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"<extending-index>`. Realize that for the Python run-time system, there "
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"isn't a whole lot of difference between C and C++ -- so the strategy of "
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"building a new Python type around a C structure (pointer) type will also "
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"work for C++ objects."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:212
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msgid "For C++ libraries, see :ref:`c-wrapper-software`."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:216
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msgid "I added a module using the Setup file and the make fails; why?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:218
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msgid ""
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"Setup must end in a newline, if there is no newline there, the build process "
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"fails. (Fixing this requires some ugly shell script hackery, and this bug "
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"is so minor that it doesn't seem worth the effort.)"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:224
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msgid "How do I debug an extension?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:226
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msgid ""
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"When using GDB with dynamically loaded extensions, you can't set a "
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"breakpoint in your extension until your extension is loaded."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:229
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msgid "In your ``.gdbinit`` file (or interactively), add the command:"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:235
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msgid "Then, when you run GDB:"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:247
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msgid ""
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"I want to compile a Python module on my Linux system, but some files are "
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"missing. Why?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:249
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msgid ""
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"Most packaged versions of Python don't include the :file:`/usr/lib/python2."
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"{x}/config/` directory, which contains various files required for compiling "
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"Python extensions."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:253
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msgid "For Red Hat, install the python-devel RPM to get the necessary files."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:255
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msgid "For Debian, run ``apt-get install python-dev``."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:259
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msgid "How do I tell \"incomplete input\" from \"invalid input\"?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:261
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msgid ""
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"Sometimes you want to emulate the Python interactive interpreter's behavior, "
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"where it gives you a continuation prompt when the input is incomplete (e.g. "
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"you typed the start of an \"if\" statement or you didn't close your "
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"parentheses or triple string quotes), but it gives you a syntax error "
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"message immediately when the input is invalid."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:267
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msgid ""
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"In Python you can use the :mod:`codeop` module, which approximates the "
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"parser's behavior sufficiently. IDLE uses this, for example."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:270
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msgid ""
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"The easiest way to do it in C is to call :c:func:`PyRun_InteractiveLoop` "
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"(perhaps in a separate thread) and let the Python interpreter handle the "
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"input for you. You can also set the :c:func:`PyOS_ReadlineFunctionPointer` "
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"to point at your custom input function. See ``Modules/readline.c`` and "
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"``Parser/myreadline.c`` for more hints."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:276
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msgid ""
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"However sometimes you have to run the embedded Python interpreter in the "
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"same thread as your rest application and you can't allow the :c:func:"
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"`PyRun_InteractiveLoop` to stop while waiting for user input. The one "
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"solution then is to call :c:func:`PyParser_ParseString` and test for ``e."
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"error`` equal to ``E_EOF``, which means the input is incomplete). Here's a "
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"sample code fragment, untested, inspired by code from Alex Farber::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:309
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msgid ""
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"Another solution is trying to compile the received string with :c:func:"
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"`Py_CompileString`. If it compiles without errors, try to execute the "
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"returned code object by calling :c:func:`PyEval_EvalCode`. Otherwise save "
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"the input for later. If the compilation fails, find out if it's an error or "
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"just more input is required - by extracting the message string from the "
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"exception tuple and comparing it to the string \"unexpected EOF while parsing"
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"\". Here is a complete example using the GNU readline library (you may want "
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"to ignore **SIGINT** while calling readline())::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:430
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msgid "How do I find undefined g++ symbols __builtin_new or __pure_virtual?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:432
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msgid ""
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"To dynamically load g++ extension modules, you must recompile Python, relink "
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"it using g++ (change LINKCC in the Python Modules Makefile), and link your "
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"extension module using g++ (e.g., ``g++ -shared -o mymodule.so mymodule.o``)."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:438
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msgid ""
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"Can I create an object class with some methods implemented in C and others "
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"in Python (e.g. through inheritance)?"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:440
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msgid ""
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"Yes, you can inherit from built-in classes such as :class:`int`, :class:"
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"`list`, :class:`dict`, etc."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:443
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msgid ""
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"The Boost Python Library (BPL, http://www.boost.org/libs/python/doc/index."
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"html) provides a way of doing this from C++ (i.e. you can inherit from an "
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"extension class written in C++ using the BPL)."
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msgstr ""
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