Title: emacs: Highlighting errors for c, python, and other languages


**This is a deprecated article about flymake, you should check for
flycheck instead.**

Hi! Today we'll see how to highlight syntax errors in emacs, with
exemples for C and Python. First you should learn about
[flymake-mode](http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/FlyMake) In a nutshell
Flymake is a minor mode to perform on the fly checks on your files. It
can run any external syntax checker by different means, I let you
check out the documentation. Quick and easy setup to highlight C
syntax : You already have a Makefile, that's good, so you just have to
add a new rule to your Makefile, named 'check-syntax':

    :::makefile
    check-syntax:
        gcc -o /dev/null -D$(DEFINE) $(CFLAGS) -S ${CHK_SOURCES}

You can fix my -D\$(DEFINE) \$(CFLAGS) to match your compile options ...
Then open a .c file in your project, and if you .emacs file don't
automatically start flymake-mode, type 'M-x flymake-mode' and enjoy
error highlighting ! Next trick is, if you're using a non graphical
emacs, you don't have, by default, the error message, so i's a bit
anying... So you'll add some lines in you .emacs and a file in you
.emacs.d First, download flymake-cursor.el here
http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/download/flymake-cursor.el and put it in
your \~/.emacs.d/ Then in your .emacs, add :

    :::lisp
    (require 'cl)
    (require 'flymake-cursor)

Now, when you stop your cursor on an error, the message should appear in
the minibuffer. Last trick, for Python developers, how to use
flymake-mode with pyflakes ? Just add this to you .emacs file, and tweak
it if you want. You should install pyflakes in order to make it work.

    :::lisp
    ;; aptitude install pyflakes to check python code
    (require 'flymake-cursor)
    (global-set-key [f4] 'flymake-goto-next-error)

    (when (load "flymake" t)
      (defun flymake-pyflakes-init ()
        (let* ((temp-file (flymake-init-create-temp-buffer-copy
                           'flymake-create-temp-inplace))
               (local-file (file-relative-name
                            temp-file
                            (file-name-directory buffer-file-name))))
          (list "pyflakes" (list local-file))))

      (add-to-list 'flymake-allowed-file-name-masks
                   '("\\.py\\'" flymake-pyflakes-init)))

    (add-hook 'find-file-hook 'flymake-find-file-hook)

Bonus trick you should try : Replace "pyflakes" in (list "pyflakes"
(list local-file)))) to a shell script of you own, running pyflakes,
pep8, etc...as I just found here :
<http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1259873/how-can-i-use-emacs-flymake-mode-for-python-with-pyflakes-and-pylint-checking-cod>

    :::bash
    #!/bin/bash

    epylint "$1" 2>/dev/null
    pyflakes "$1"
    pep8 --ignore=E221,E701,E202 --repeat "$1"
    true

Enjoy!