# Copyright (C) 2001-2018, Python Software Foundation # For licence information, see README file. # msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2021-09-23 16:16+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-10-04 12:26+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Julien Palard \n" "Language-Team: FRENCH \n" "Language: fr\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #: c-api/stable.rst:7 msgid "C API Stability" msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:9 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Python's C API is covered by the Backwards Compatibility Policy, :pep:`387`. " "While the C API will change with every minor release (e.g. from 3.9 to " "3.10), most changes will be source-compatible, typically by only adding new " "API. Changing existing API or removing API is only done after a deprecation " "period or to fix serious issues." msgstr "" "L'API C de Python change à chaque version. La majorité de ces changement " "n'affecte cependant pas la compatibilité du code source. Typiquement, des " "API sont ajoutées, mais ni modifiées ni supprimées (bien que certaines " "interfaces puissent être supprimées, après avoir d'abord été dépréciées)." #: c-api/stable.rst:15 msgid "" "CPython's Application Binary Interface (ABI) is forward- and backwards-" "compatible across a minor release (if these are compiled the same way; see :" "ref:`stable-abi-platform` below). So, code compiled for Python 3.10.0 will " "work on 3.10.8 and vice versa, but will need to be compiled separately for " "3.9.x and 3.10.x." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:21 msgid "" "Names prefixed by an underscore, such as ``_Py_InternalState``, are private " "API that can change without notice even in patch releases." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:26 msgid "Stable Application Binary Interface" msgstr "ABI Stable" #: c-api/stable.rst:28 msgid "" "Python 3.2 introduced the *Limited API*, a subset of Python's C API. " "Extensions that only use the Limited API can be compiled once and work with " "multiple versions of Python. Contents of the Limited API are :ref:`listed " "below `." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:33 msgid "" "To enable this, Python provides a *Stable ABI*: a set of symbols that will " "remain compatible across Python 3.x versions. The Stable ABI contains " "symbols exposed in the Limited API, but also other ones – for example, " "functions necessary to support older versions of the Limited API." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:38 msgid "" "(For simplicity, this document talks about *extensions*, but the Limited API " "and Stable ABI work the same way for all uses of the API – for example, " "embedding Python.)" msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:44 msgid "" "Define this macro before including ``Python.h`` to opt in to only use the " "Limited API, and to select the Limited API version." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:47 msgid "" "Define ``Py_LIMITED_API`` to the value of :c:data:`PY_VERSION_HEX` " "corresponding to the lowest Python version your extension supports. The " "extension will work without recompilation with all Python 3 releases from " "the specified one onward, and can use Limited API introduced up to that " "version." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:53 msgid "" "Rather than using the ``PY_VERSION_HEX`` macro directly, hardcode a minimum " "minor version (e.g. ``0x030A0000`` for Python 3.10) for stability when " "compiling with future Python versions." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:57 msgid "" "You can also define ``Py_LIMITED_API`` to ``3``. This works the same as " "``0x03020000`` (Python 3.2, the version that introduced Limited API)." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:60 msgid "" "On Windows, extensions that use the Stable ABI should be linked against " "``python3.dll`` rather than a version-specific library such as ``python39." "dll``." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:64 msgid "" "On some platforms, Python will look for and load shared library files named " "with the ``abi3`` tag (e.g. ``mymodule.abi3.so``). It does not check if such " "extensions conform to a Stable ABI. The user (or their packaging tools) need " "to ensure that, for example, extensions built with the 3.10+ Limited API are " "not installed for lower versions of Python." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:71 msgid "" "All functions in the Stable ABI are present as functions in Python's shared " "library, not solely as macros. This makes them usable from languages that " "don't use the C preprocessor." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:77 msgid "Limited API Scope and Performance" msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:79 msgid "" "The goal for the Limited API is to allow everything that is possible with " "the full C API, but possibly with a performance penalty." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:82 msgid "" "For example, while :c:func:`PyList_GetItem` is available, its “unsafe” macro " "variant :c:func:`PyList_GET_ITEM` is not. The macro can be faster because it " "can rely on version-specific implementation details of the list object." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:87 msgid "" "Without ``Py_LIMITED_API`` defined, some C API functions are inlined or " "replaced by macros. Defining ``Py_LIMITED_API`` disables this inlining, " "allowing stability as Python's data structures are improved, but possibly " "reducing performance." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:92 msgid "" "By leaving out the ``Py_LIMITED_API`` definition, it is possible to compile " "a Limited API extension with a version-specific ABI. This can improve " "performance for that Python version, but will limit compatibility. Compiling " "with ``Py_LIMITED_API`` will then yield an extension that can be distributed " "where a version-specific one is not available – for example, for prereleases " "of an upcoming Python version." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:101 msgid "Limited API Caveats" msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:103 msgid "" "Note that compiling with ``Py_LIMITED_API`` is *not* a complete guarantee " "that code conforms to the Limited API or the Stable ABI. ``Py_LIMITED_API`` " "only covers definitions, but an API also includes other issues, such as " "expected semantics." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:108 msgid "" "One issue that ``Py_LIMITED_API`` does not guard against is calling a " "function with arguments that are invalid in a lower Python version. For " "example, consider a function that starts accepting ``NULL`` for an argument. " "In Python 3.9, ``NULL`` now selects a default behavior, but in Python 3.8, " "the argument will be used directly, causing a ``NULL`` dereference and " "crash. A similar argument works for fields of structs." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:115 msgid "" "Another issue is that some struct fields are currently not hidden when " "``Py_LIMITED_API`` is defined, even though they're part of the Limited API." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:118 msgid "" "For these reasons, we recommend testing an extension with *all* minor Python " "versions it supports, and preferably to build with the *lowest* such version." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:121 msgid "" "We also recommend reviewing documentation of all used API to check if it is " "explicitly part of the Limited API. Even with ``Py_LIMITED_API`` defined, a " "few private declarations are exposed for technical reasons (or even " "unintentionally, as bugs)." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:126 msgid "" "Also note that the Limited API is not necessarily stable: compiling with " "``Py_LIMITED_API`` with Python 3.8 means that the extension will run with " "Python 3.12, but it will not necessarily *compile* with Python 3.12. In " "particular, parts of the Limited API may be deprecated and removed, provided " "that the Stable ABI stays stable." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:136 msgid "Platform Considerations" msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:138 msgid "" "ABI stability depends not only on Python, but also on the compiler used, " "lower-level libraries and compiler options. For the purposes of the Stable " "ABI, these details define a “platform”. They usually depend on the OS type " "and processor architecture" msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:143 msgid "" "It is the responsibility of each particular distributor of Python to ensure " "that all Python versions on a particular platform are built in a way that " "does not break the Stable ABI. This is the case with Windows and macOS " "releases from ``python.org`` and many third-party distributors." msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:153 msgid "Contents of Limited API" msgstr "" #: c-api/stable.rst:156 msgid "Currently, the Limited API includes the following items:" msgstr "" #~ msgid "" #~ "Unfortunately, the API compatibility does not extend to binary " #~ "compatibility (the ABI). The reason is primarily the evolution of struct " #~ "definitions, where addition of a new field, or changing the type of a " #~ "field, might not break the API, but can break the ABI. As a consequence, " #~ "extension modules need to be recompiled for every Python release " #~ "(although an exception is possible on Unix when none of the affected " #~ "interfaces are used). In addition, on Windows, extension modules link " #~ "with a specific pythonXY.dll and need to be recompiled to link with a " #~ "newer one." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Malheureusement, la compatibilité de l'API ne s'étend pas à une " #~ "compatibilité binaire (l'ABI). L'évolution des structures en est la " #~ "raison principale : l'ajout de nouveaux attributs, ou le changement du " #~ "type d'un attribut peut ne pas casser l'API mais casser l'ABI. Par " #~ "conséquent, les modules d'extension doivent être recompilés à chaque " #~ "nouvelle version de Python (ce n'est exceptionnellement pas nécessaire " #~ "sur Unix, si aucune des interfaces modifiées n'est utilisée). De plus, " #~ "sous Windows, les modules d'extension sont liés à un *pythonXY.dll* " #~ "spécifique, ils est donc nécessaire de les recompiler pour les lier au " #~ "nouveau DLL." #~ msgid "" #~ "Since Python 3.2, a subset of the API has been declared to guarantee a " #~ "stable ABI. Extension modules wishing to use this API (called \"limited " #~ "API\") need to define ``Py_LIMITED_API``. A number of interpreter details " #~ "then become hidden from the extension module; in return, a module is " #~ "built that works on any 3.x version (x>=2) without recompilation." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Depuis Python 3.2 il est garanti qu'une certaine partie de l'API gardera " #~ "une ABI stable. Les modules d'extension souhaitant utiliser cette API " #~ "(Appellée \"API limitée\") doivent définir ``Py_LIMITED_API``. Des " #~ "spécificités de l'interpréteur sont alors cachées au module, en " #~ "contrepartie le module devient compatible avec toutes les versions de " #~ "Python 3.x (x>=2) sans recompilation." #~ msgid "" #~ "In some cases, the stable ABI needs to be extended with new functions. " #~ "Extension modules wishing to use these new APIs need to set " #~ "``Py_LIMITED_API`` to the ``PY_VERSION_HEX`` value (see :ref:" #~ "`apiabiversion`) of the minimum Python version they want to support (e.g. " #~ "``0x03030000`` for Python 3.3). Such modules will work on all subsequent " #~ "Python releases, but fail to load (because of missing symbols) on the " #~ "older releases." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dans certains cas, il est nécessaire d'étendre l'ABI stable avec de " #~ "nouvelles fonctions. Les modules d'extension souhaitant utiliser ces " #~ "nouvelles APIs doivent configurer ``Py_LIMITED_API`` à la valeur " #~ "``Py_VERSION_HEX`` correspondant à la plus ancienne version de Python " #~ "qu'ils souhaitent supporter (voir :ref:`apiabiversion`, par exemple " #~ "``0x03030000`` pour Python 3.3). De tels modules fonctionneront dans " #~ "toutes les versions ultérieures de Python, mais ne pourront pas se " #~ "charger (dû à des symboles manquants) sur les versions plus anciennes." #~ msgid "" #~ "As of Python 3.2, the set of functions available to the limited API is " #~ "documented in :pep:`384`. In the C API documentation, API elements that " #~ "are not part of the limited API are marked as \"Not part of the limited " #~ "API.\"" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Depuis Python 3.2, l'ensemble des fonctions exposées par l'API limitée " #~ "est documentée dans la :pep:`384`. Dans la documentation de l'API C, les " #~ "éléments ne faisant pas partie de l'API limitée sont notés \"Ne faisant " #~ "pas partie de l'API limitée\" (*\"Not part of the limited API\"*)."