# Copyright (C) 2001-2018, Python Software Foundation # For licence information, see README file. # msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-01-15 22:33+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2022-10-18 16:14+0200\n" "Last-Translator: pierre choffe \n" "Language-Team: FRENCH \n" "Language: fr\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "X-Generator: Poedit 2.0.6\n" #: library/tkinter.rst:2 msgid ":mod:`tkinter` --- Python interface to Tcl/Tk" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter` — Interface Python pour Tcl/Tk" #: library/tkinter.rst:9 msgid "**Source code:** :source:`Lib/tkinter/__init__.py`" msgstr "**Code source :** :source:`Lib/tkinter/__init__.py`" #: library/tkinter.rst:13 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The :mod:`tkinter` package (\"Tk interface\") is the standard Python " "interface to the Tcl/Tk GUI toolkit. Both Tk and :mod:`tkinter` are " "available on most Unix platforms, including macOS, as well as on Windows " "systems." msgstr "" "Le paquet :mod:`tkinter` (« interface Tk ») est l'interface Python standard " "de la boîte à outils d'IUG Tk. Tk et :mod:`tkinter` sont disponibles sur la " "plupart des plates-formes Unix, ainsi que sur les systèmes Windows (Tk lui-" "même ne fait pas partie de Python ; il est maintenu par ActiveState)." #: library/tkinter.rst:17 msgid "" "Running ``python -m tkinter`` from the command line should open a window " "demonstrating a simple Tk interface, letting you know that :mod:`tkinter` is " "properly installed on your system, and also showing what version of Tcl/Tk " "is installed, so you can read the Tcl/Tk documentation specific to that " "version." msgstr "" "Exécuter ``python -m tkinter`` depuis la ligne de commande ouvre une fenêtre " "de démonstration d'une interface Tk simple, vous indiquant que :mod:" "`tkinter` est correctement installé sur votre système et indiquant également " "quelle version de Tcl/Tk est installée ; vous pouvez donc lire la " "documentation Tcl/Tk spécifique à cette version." #: library/tkinter.rst:22 msgid "" "Tkinter supports a range of Tcl/Tk versions, built either with or without " "thread support. The official Python binary release bundles Tcl/Tk 8.6 " "threaded. See the source code for the :mod:`_tkinter` module for more " "information about supported versions." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:27 msgid "" "Tkinter is not a thin wrapper, but adds a fair amount of its own logic to " "make the experience more pythonic. This documentation will concentrate on " "these additions and changes, and refer to the official Tcl/Tk documentation " "for details that are unchanged." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:34 msgid "" "Tcl/Tk 8.5 (2007) introduced a modern set of themed user interface " "components along with a new API to use them. Both old and new APIs are still " "available. Most documentation you will find online still uses the old API " "and can be woefully outdated." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:43 #, fuzzy msgid "`TkDocs `_" msgstr "`TKDocs `_" #: library/tkinter.rst:42 msgid "" "Extensive tutorial on creating user interfaces with Tkinter. Explains key " "concepts, and illustrates recommended approaches using the modern API." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:46 msgid "" "`Tkinter 8.5 reference: a GUI for Python `_" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:46 msgid "" "Reference documentation for Tkinter 8.5 detailing available classes, " "methods, and options." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:48 msgid "Tcl/Tk Resources:" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:51 msgid "`Tk commands `_" msgstr "`Commandes Tk `_" #: library/tkinter.rst:51 msgid "" "Comprehensive reference to each of the underlying Tcl/Tk commands used by " "Tkinter." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:54 #, fuzzy msgid "`Tcl/Tk Home Page `_" msgstr "`Pages de manuel récentes de Tcl/Tk `_" #: library/tkinter.rst:54 msgid "Additional documentation, and links to Tcl/Tk core development." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:56 msgid "Books:" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:59 #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Modern Tkinter for Busy Python Developers `_" msgstr "" "`Modern Tkinter for Busy Python Developers `_" #: library/tkinter.rst:59 msgid "By Mark Roseman. (ISBN 978-1999149567)" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:62 #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Python and Tkinter Programming `_" msgstr "" "`Python and Tkinter Programming `_" #: library/tkinter.rst:62 msgid "By Alan Moore. (ISBN 978-1788835886)" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:65 #, fuzzy msgid "`Programming Python `_" msgstr "`Programming Python `_" #: library/tkinter.rst:65 #, fuzzy msgid "By Mark Lutz; has excellent coverage of Tkinter. (ISBN 978-0596158101)" msgstr "Livre de Mark Lutz, qui couvre excellemment bien Tkinter." #: library/tkinter.rst:67 #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Tcl and the Tk Toolkit (2nd edition) `_" msgstr "" "`Tcl and the Tk Toolkit `_" #: library/tkinter.rst:68 msgid "" "By John Ousterhout, inventor of Tcl/Tk, and Ken Jones; does not cover " "Tkinter. (ISBN 978-0321336330)" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:72 msgid "Architecture" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:74 msgid "" "Tcl/Tk is not a single library but rather consists of a few distinct " "modules, each with separate functionality and its own official " "documentation. Python's binary releases also ship an add-on module together " "with it." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:90 msgid "Tcl" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:80 msgid "" "Tcl is a dynamic interpreted programming language, just like Python. Though " "it can be used on its own as a general-purpose programming language, it is " "most commonly embedded into C applications as a scripting engine or an " "interface to the Tk toolkit. The Tcl library has a C interface to create and " "manage one or more instances of a Tcl interpreter, run Tcl commands and " "scripts in those instances, and add custom commands implemented in either " "Tcl or C. Each interpreter has an event queue, and there are facilities to " "send events to it and process them. Unlike Python, Tcl's execution model is " "designed around cooperative multitasking, and Tkinter bridges this " "difference (see `Threading model`_ for details)." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:908 msgid "Tk" msgstr "Tk" #: library/tkinter.rst:93 msgid "" "Tk is a `Tcl package `_ implemented in C " "that adds custom commands to create and manipulate GUI widgets. Each :class:" "`Tk` object embeds its own Tcl interpreter instance with Tk loaded into it. " "Tk's widgets are very customizable, though at the cost of a dated " "appearance. Tk uses Tcl's event queue to generate and process GUI events." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:103 #, fuzzy msgid "Ttk" msgstr "Tk" #: library/tkinter.rst:100 msgid "" "Themed Tk (Ttk) is a newer family of Tk widgets that provide a much better " "appearance on different platforms than many of the classic Tk widgets. Ttk " "is distributed as part of Tk, starting with Tk version 8.5. Python bindings " "are provided in a separate module, :mod:`tkinter.ttk`." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:105 msgid "" "Internally, Tk and Ttk use facilities of the underlying operating system, i." "e., Xlib on Unix/X11, Cocoa on macOS, GDI on Windows." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:108 msgid "" "When your Python application uses a class in Tkinter, e.g., to create a " "widget, the :mod:`tkinter` module first assembles a Tcl/Tk command string. " "It passes that Tcl command string to an internal :mod:`_tkinter` binary " "module, which then calls the Tcl interpreter to evaluate it. The Tcl " "interpreter will then call into the Tk and/or Ttk packages, which will in " "turn make calls to Xlib, Cocoa, or GDI." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:116 msgid "Tkinter Modules" msgstr "Modules Tkinter" #: library/tkinter.rst:118 msgid "" "Support for Tkinter is spread across several modules. Most applications will " "need the main :mod:`tkinter` module, as well as the :mod:`tkinter.ttk` " "module, which provides the modern themed widget set and API::" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:129 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Construct a toplevel Tk widget, which is usually the main window of an " "application, and initialize a Tcl interpreter for this widget. Each " "instance has its own associated Tcl interpreter." msgstr "" "La classe :class:`Tk` est instanciée sans argument. Cela crée un widget de " "haut niveau de Tk qui est généralement la fenêtre principale d'une " "application. Chaque instance a son propre interpréteur Tcl associé." #: library/tkinter.rst:133 msgid "" "The :class:`Tk` class is typically instantiated using all default values. " "However, the following keyword arguments are currently recognized:" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:137 msgid "*screenName*" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:137 msgid "" "When given (as a string), sets the :envvar:`DISPLAY` environment variable. " "(X11 only)" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:140 msgid "*baseName*" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:140 msgid "" "Name of the profile file. By default, *baseName* is derived from the " "program name (``sys.argv[0]``)." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:143 #, fuzzy msgid "*className*" msgstr "*classCommand*" #: library/tkinter.rst:143 msgid "" "Name of the widget class. Used as a profile file and also as the name with " "which Tcl is invoked (*argv0* in *interp*)." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:146 msgid "*useTk*" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:146 msgid "" "If ``True``, initialize the Tk subsystem. The :func:`tkinter.Tcl() ` " "function sets this to ``False``." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:149 msgid "*sync*" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:149 msgid "" "If ``True``, execute all X server commands synchronously, so that errors are " "reported immediately. Can be used for debugging. (X11 only)" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:159 msgid "*use*" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:152 msgid "" "Specifies the *id* of the window in which to embed the application, instead " "of it being created as an independent toplevel window. *id* must be " "specified in the same way as the value for the -use option for toplevel " "widgets (that is, it has a form like that returned by :meth:`winfo_id`)." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:158 msgid "" "Note that on some platforms this will only work correctly if *id* refers to " "a Tk frame or toplevel that has its -container option enabled." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:161 msgid "" ":class:`Tk` reads and interprets profile files, named :file:`.{className}." "tcl` and :file:`.{baseName}.tcl`, into the Tcl interpreter and calls :func:" "`exec` on the contents of :file:`.{className}.py` and :file:`.{baseName}." "py`. The path for the profile files is the :envvar:`HOME` environment " "variable or, if that isn't defined, then :attr:`os.curdir`." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:170 msgid "" "The Tk application object created by instantiating :class:`Tk`. This " "provides access to the Tcl interpreter. Each widget that is attached the " "same instance of :class:`Tk` has the same value for its :attr:`tk` attribute." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:177 msgid "" "The widget object that contains this widget. For :class:`Tk`, the *master* " "is :const:`None` because it is the main window. The terms *master* and " "*parent* are similar and sometimes used interchangeably as argument names; " "however, calling :meth:`winfo_parent` returns a string of the widget name " "whereas :attr:`master` returns the object. *parent*/*child* reflects the " "tree-like relationship while *master*/*slave* reflects the container " "structure." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:187 msgid "" "The immediate descendants of this widget as a :class:`dict` with the child " "widget names as the keys and the child instance objects as the values." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:194 msgid "" "The :func:`Tcl` function is a factory function which creates an object much " "like that created by the :class:`Tk` class, except that it does not " "initialize the Tk subsystem. This is most often useful when driving the Tcl " "interpreter in an environment where one doesn't want to create extraneous " "toplevel windows, or where one cannot (such as Unix/Linux systems without an " "X server). An object created by the :func:`Tcl` object can have a Toplevel " "window created (and the Tk subsystem initialized) by calling its :meth:" "`loadtk` method." msgstr "" "La fonction :func:`Tcl` est une fonction fabrique qui crée un objet " "similaire à celui créé par la classe :class:`Tk`, sauf qu'elle n'initialise " "pas le sous-système Tk. Ceci est le plus souvent utile lorsque vous pilotez " "l'interpréteur Tcl dans un environnement où vous ne voulez pas créer des " "fenêtres de haut niveau supplémentaires, ou alors si c'est impossible (comme " "les systèmes Unix/Linux sans un serveur X). Un objet créé par :func:`Tcl` " "peut avoir une fenêtre de haut niveau créée (et le sous-système Tk " "initialisé) en appelant sa méthode :meth:`loadtk`." #: library/tkinter.rst:203 #, fuzzy msgid "The modules that provide Tk support include:" msgstr "Parmi les modules qui savent gérer Tk, nous pouvons citer :" #: library/tkinter.rst:206 #, fuzzy msgid ":mod:`tkinter`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.dnd`" #: library/tkinter.rst:206 #, fuzzy msgid "Main Tkinter module." msgstr "Modules Tkinter" #: library/tkinter.rst:209 msgid ":mod:`tkinter.colorchooser`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.colorchooser`" #: library/tkinter.rst:209 msgid "Dialog to let the user choose a color." msgstr "Boîte de dialogue permettant à l'utilisateur de choisir une couleur." #: library/tkinter.rst:212 msgid ":mod:`tkinter.commondialog`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.commondialog`" #: library/tkinter.rst:212 msgid "Base class for the dialogs defined in the other modules listed here." msgstr "" "Classe de base pour les boîtes de dialogue définies dans les autres modules " "listés ici." #: library/tkinter.rst:215 msgid ":mod:`tkinter.filedialog`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.filedialog`" #: library/tkinter.rst:215 msgid "Common dialogs to allow the user to specify a file to open or save." msgstr "" "Boîtes de dialogue standard permettant à l'utilisateur de spécifier un " "fichier à ouvrir ou à enregistrer." #: library/tkinter.rst:218 msgid ":mod:`tkinter.font`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.font`" #: library/tkinter.rst:218 msgid "Utilities to help work with fonts." msgstr "Utilitaires pour gérer les polices de caractères." #: library/tkinter.rst:221 msgid ":mod:`tkinter.messagebox`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.messagebox`" #: library/tkinter.rst:221 msgid "Access to standard Tk dialog boxes." msgstr "Accès aux boîtes de dialogue Tk standard." #: library/tkinter.rst:224 msgid ":mod:`tkinter.scrolledtext`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.scrolledtext`" #: library/tkinter.rst:224 msgid "Text widget with a vertical scroll bar built in." msgstr "" "Outil d'affichage de texte avec une barre de défilement verticale intégrée." #: library/tkinter.rst:227 msgid ":mod:`tkinter.simpledialog`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.simpledialog`" #: library/tkinter.rst:227 msgid "Basic dialogs and convenience functions." msgstr "Boîtes de dialogue simples et fonctions utilitaires." #: library/tkinter.rst:231 #, fuzzy msgid ":mod:`tkinter.ttk`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.font`" #: library/tkinter.rst:230 msgid "" "Themed widget set introduced in Tk 8.5, providing modern alternatives for " "many of the classic widgets in the main :mod:`tkinter` module." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:233 msgid "Additional modules:" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:240 #, fuzzy msgid ":mod:`_tkinter`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.dnd`" #: library/tkinter.rst:236 #, fuzzy msgid "" "A binary module that contains the low-level interface to Tcl/Tk. It is " "automatically imported by the main :mod:`tkinter` module, and should never " "be used directly by application programmers. It is usually a shared library " "(or DLL), but might in some cases be statically linked with the Python " "interpreter." msgstr "" "La plupart du temps, :mod:`tkinter` est tout ce dont vous avez vraiment " "besoin mais un certain nombre de modules supplémentaires sont également " "disponibles. L'interface Tk est située dans un module binaire nommé :mod:" "`_tkinter`. Ce module contient l'interface de bas niveau vers Tk et ne doit " "jamais être utilisé directement par les développeurs. Il s'agit généralement " "d'une bibliothèque partagée (ou DLL) mais elle peut, dans certains cas, être " "liée statiquement à l'interpréteur Python." #: library/tkinter.rst:244 #, fuzzy msgid ":mod:`idlelib`" msgstr ":mod:`turtle`" #: library/tkinter.rst:243 msgid "" "Python's Integrated Development and Learning Environment (IDLE). Based on :" "mod:`tkinter`." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:249 #, fuzzy msgid ":mod:`tkinter.constants`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.font`" #: library/tkinter.rst:247 msgid "" "Symbolic constants that can be used in place of strings when passing various " "parameters to Tkinter calls. Automatically imported by the main :mod:" "`tkinter` module." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:253 msgid ":mod:`tkinter.dnd`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.dnd`" #: library/tkinter.rst:252 #, fuzzy msgid "" "(experimental) Drag-and-drop support for :mod:`tkinter`. This will become " "deprecated when it is replaced with the Tk DND." msgstr "" "Support du glisser-déposer pour :mod:`tkinter`. Il s'agit d'une méthode " "expérimentale qui ne sera plus maintenue lorsqu'elle sera remplacée par Tk " "DND." #: library/tkinter.rst:257 #, fuzzy msgid ":mod:`tkinter.tix`" msgstr ":mod:`tkinter.font`" #: library/tkinter.rst:256 msgid "" "(deprecated) An older third-party Tcl/Tk package that adds several new " "widgets. Better alternatives for most can be found in :mod:`tkinter.ttk`." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:261 msgid ":mod:`turtle`" msgstr ":mod:`turtle`" #: library/tkinter.rst:260 msgid "Turtle graphics in a Tk window." msgstr "Tortue graphique dans une fenêtre Tk." #: library/tkinter.rst:264 msgid "Tkinter Life Preserver" msgstr "Guide de survie Tkinter" #: library/tkinter.rst:266 msgid "" "This section is not designed to be an exhaustive tutorial on either Tk or " "Tkinter. For that, refer to one of the external resources noted earlier. " "Instead, this section provides a very quick orientation to what a Tkinter " "application looks like, identifies foundational Tk concepts, and explains " "how the Tkinter wrapper is structured." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:272 msgid "" "The remainder of this section will help you to identify the classes, " "methods, and options you'll need in your Tkinter application, and where to " "find more detailed documentation on them, including in the official Tcl/Tk " "reference manual." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:279 #, fuzzy msgid "A Hello World Program" msgstr "Un simple programme *Hello World*" #: library/tkinter.rst:281 msgid "" "We'll start by walking through a \"Hello World\" application in Tkinter. " "This isn't the smallest one we could write, but has enough to illustrate " "some key concepts you'll need to know." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:297 msgid "" "After the imports, the next line creates an instance of the :class:`Tk` " "class, which initializes Tk and creates its associated Tcl interpreter. It " "also creates a toplevel window, known as the root window, which serves as " "the main window of the application." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:302 msgid "" "The following line creates a frame widget, which in this case will contain a " "label and a button we'll create next. The frame is fit inside the root " "window." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:306 msgid "" "The next line creates a label widget holding a static text string. The :meth:" "`grid` method is used to specify the relative layout (position) of the label " "within its containing frame widget, similar to how tables in HTML work." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:310 msgid "" "A button widget is then created, and placed to the right of the label. When " "pressed, it will call the :meth:`destroy` method of the root window." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:313 msgid "" "Finally, the :meth:`mainloop` method puts everything on the display, and " "responds to user input until the program terminates." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:319 msgid "Important Tk Concepts" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:321 msgid "Even this simple program illustrates the following key Tk concepts:" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:326 #, fuzzy msgid "widgets" msgstr "widget" #: library/tkinter.rst:324 msgid "" "A Tkinter user interface is made up of individual *widgets*. Each widget is " "represented as a Python object, instantiated from classes like :class:`ttk." "Frame`, :class:`ttk.Label`, and :class:`ttk.Button`." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:332 msgid "widget hierarchy" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:329 msgid "" "Widgets are arranged in a *hierarchy*. The label and button were contained " "within a frame, which in turn was contained within the root window. When " "creating each *child* widget, its *parent* widget is passed as the first " "argument to the widget constructor." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:337 msgid "configuration options" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:335 msgid "" "Widgets have *configuration options*, which modify their appearance and " "behavior, such as the text to display in a label or button. Different " "classes of widgets will have different sets of options." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:342 msgid "geometry management" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:340 msgid "" "Widgets aren't automatically added to the user interface when they are " "created. A *geometry manager* like ``grid`` controls where in the user " "interface they are placed." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:348 msgid "event loop" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:345 msgid "" "Tkinter reacts to user input, changes from your program, and even refreshes " "the display only when actively running an *event loop*. If your program " "isn't running the event loop, your user interface won't update." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:351 msgid "Understanding How Tkinter Wraps Tcl/Tk" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:353 msgid "" "When your application uses Tkinter's classes and methods, internally Tkinter " "is assembling strings representing Tcl/Tk commands, and executing those " "commands in the Tcl interpreter attached to your applicaton's :class:`Tk` " "instance." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:358 msgid "" "Whether it's trying to navigate reference documentation, trying to find the " "right method or option, adapting some existing code, or debugging your " "Tkinter application, there are times that it will be useful to understand " "what those underlying Tcl/Tk commands look like." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:363 msgid "" "To illustrate, here is the Tcl/Tk equivalent of the main part of the Tkinter " "script above." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:374 msgid "" "Tcl's syntax is similar to many shell languages, where the first word is the " "command to be executed, with arguments to that command following it, " "separated by spaces. Without getting into too many details, notice the " "following:" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:378 msgid "" "The commands used to create widgets (like ``ttk::frame``) correspond to " "widget classes in Tkinter." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:381 msgid "" "Tcl widget options (like ``-text``) correspond to keyword arguments in " "Tkinter." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:384 msgid "" "Widgets are referred to by a *pathname* in Tcl (like ``.frm.btn``), whereas " "Tkinter doesn't use names but object references." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:387 msgid "" "A widget's place in the widget hierarchy is encoded in its (hierarchical) " "pathname, which uses a ``.`` (dot) as a path separator. The pathname for the " "root window is just ``.`` (dot). In Tkinter, the hierarchy is defined not by " "pathname but by specifying the parent widget when creating each child widget." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:393 msgid "" "Operations which are implemented as separate *commands* in Tcl (like " "``grid`` or ``destroy``) are represented as *methods* on Tkinter widget " "objects. As you'll see shortly, at other times Tcl uses what appear to be " "method calls on widget objects, which more closely mirror what would is used " "in Tkinter." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:401 msgid "How do I...? What option does...?" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:403 msgid "" "If you're not sure how to do something in Tkinter, and you can't immediately " "find it in the tutorial or reference documentation you're using, there are a " "few strategies that can be helpful." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:407 msgid "" "First, remember that the details of how individual widgets work may vary " "across different versions of both Tkinter and Tcl/Tk. If you're searching " "documentation, make sure it corresponds to the Python and Tcl/Tk versions " "installed on your system." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:412 msgid "" "When searching for how to use an API, it helps to know the exact name of the " "class, option, or method that you're using. Introspection, either in an " "interactive Python shell or with :func:`print`, can help you identify what " "you need." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:417 msgid "" "To find out what configuration options are available on any widget, call " "its :meth:`configure` method, which returns a dictionary containing a " "variety of information about each object, including its default and current " "values. Use :meth:`keys` to get just the names of each option." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:427 msgid "" "As most widgets have many configuration options in common, it can be useful " "to find out which are specific to a particular widget class. Comparing the " "list of options to that of a simpler widget, like a frame, is one way to do " "that." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:436 msgid "" "Similarly, you can find the available methods for a widget object using the " "standard :func:`dir` function. If you try it, you'll see there are over 200 " "common widget methods, so again identifying those specific to a widget class " "is helpful." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:448 msgid "Navigating the Tcl/Tk Reference Manual" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:450 msgid "" "As noted, the official `Tk commands `_ reference manual (man pages) is often the most accurate " "description of what specific operations on widgets do. Even when you know " "the name of the option or method that you need, you may still have a few " "places to look." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:455 msgid "" "While all operations in Tkinter are implemented as method calls on widget " "objects, you've seen that many Tcl/Tk operations appear as commands that " "take a widget pathname as its first parameter, followed by optional " "parameters, e.g." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:465 msgid "" "Others, however, look more like methods called on a widget object (in fact, " "when you create a widget in Tcl/Tk, it creates a Tcl command with the name " "of the widget pathname, with the first parameter to that command being the " "name of a method to call)." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:476 msgid "" "In the official Tcl/Tk reference documentation, you'll find most operations " "that look like method calls on the man page for a specific widget (e.g., " "you'll find the :meth:`invoke` method on the `ttk::button `_ man page), while functions that take a " "widget as a parameter often have their own man page (e.g., `grid `_)." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:484 msgid "" "You'll find many common options and methods in the `options `_ or `ttk::widget `_ man pages, while others are found in the man " "page for a specific widget class." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:489 msgid "" "You'll also find that many Tkinter methods have compound names, e.g., :func:" "`winfo_x`, :func:`winfo_height`, :func:`winfo_viewable`. You'd find " "documentation for all of these in the `winfo `_ man page." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:495 msgid "" "Somewhat confusingly, there are also methods on all Tkinter widgets that " "don't actually operate on the widget, but operate at a global scope, " "independent of any widget. Examples are methods for accessing the clipboard " "or the system bell. (They happen to be implemented as methods in the base :" "class:`Widget` class that all Tkinter widgets inherit from)." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:504 msgid "Threading model" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:506 msgid "" "Python and Tcl/Tk have very different threading models, which :mod:`tkinter` " "tries to bridge. If you use threads, you may need to be aware of this." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:509 msgid "" "A Python interpreter may have many threads associated with it. In Tcl, " "multiple threads can be created, but each thread has a separate Tcl " "interpreter instance associated with it. Threads can also create more than " "one interpreter instance, though each interpreter instance can be used only " "by the one thread that created it." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:514 msgid "" "Each :class:`Tk` object created by :mod:`tkinter` contains a Tcl " "interpreter. It also keeps track of which thread created that interpreter. " "Calls to :mod:`tkinter` can be made from any Python thread. Internally, if a " "call comes from a thread other than the one that created the :class:`Tk` " "object, an event is posted to the interpreter's event queue, and when " "executed, the result is returned to the calling Python thread." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:521 msgid "" "Tcl/Tk applications are normally event-driven, meaning that after " "initialization, the interpreter runs an event loop (i.e. :func:`Tk." "mainloop`) and responds to events. Because it is single-threaded, event " "handlers must respond quickly, otherwise they will block other events from " "being processed. To avoid this, any long-running computations should not run " "in an event handler, but are either broken into smaller pieces using timers, " "or run in another thread. This is different from many GUI toolkits where the " "GUI runs in a completely separate thread from all application code including " "event handlers." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:530 msgid "" "If the Tcl interpreter is not running the event loop and processing events, " "any :mod:`tkinter` calls made from threads other than the one running the " "Tcl interpreter will fail." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:534 msgid "A number of special cases exist:" msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:536 msgid "" "Tcl/Tk libraries can be built so they are not thread-aware. In this case, :" "mod:`tkinter` calls the library from the originating Python thread, even if " "this is different than the thread that created the Tcl interpreter. A global " "lock ensures only one call occurs at a time." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:541 msgid "" "While :mod:`tkinter` allows you to create more than one instance of a :class:" "`Tk` object (with its own interpreter), all interpreters that are part of " "the same thread share a common event queue, which gets ugly fast. In " "practice, don't create more than one instance of :class:`Tk` at a time. " "Otherwise, it's best to create them in separate threads and ensure you're " "running a thread-aware Tcl/Tk build." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:547 msgid "" "Blocking event handlers are not the only way to prevent the Tcl interpreter " "from reentering the event loop. It is even possible to run multiple nested " "event loops or abandon the event loop entirely. If you're doing anything " "tricky when it comes to events or threads, be aware of these possibilities." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:552 msgid "" "There are a few select :mod:`tkinter` functions that presently work only " "when called from the thread that created the Tcl interpreter." msgstr "" #: library/tkinter.rst:557 msgid "Handy Reference" msgstr "Guide pratique" #: library/tkinter.rst:563 msgid "Setting Options" msgstr "Définition des options" #: library/tkinter.rst:565 msgid "" "Options control things like the color and border width of a widget. Options " "can be set in three ways:" msgstr "" "Les options contrôlent des paramètres tels que la couleur et la largeur de " "la bordure d'un objet graphique. Les options peuvent être réglées de trois " "façons :" #: library/tkinter.rst:571 msgid "At object creation time, using keyword arguments" msgstr "Lors de la création de l'objet, à l'aide d'arguments par mots-clés" #: library/tkinter.rst:577 msgid "After object creation, treating the option name like a dictionary index" msgstr "" "Après la création de l'objet, en manipulant le nom de l'option comme une " "entrée de dictionnaire" #: library/tkinter.rst:582 msgid "" "Use the config() method to update multiple attrs subsequent to object " "creation" msgstr "" "Utilisez la méthode ``config()`` pour mettre à jour plusieurs attributs " "après la création de l'objet" #: library/tkinter.rst:584 msgid "" "For a complete explanation of a given option and its behavior, see the Tk " "man pages for the widget in question." msgstr "" "Pour l'explication complète d'une option donnée et de son comportement, voir " "les pages de manuel Tk de l'objet graphique en question." #: library/tkinter.rst:587 msgid "" "Note that the man pages list \"STANDARD OPTIONS\" and \"WIDGET SPECIFIC " "OPTIONS\" for each widget. The former is a list of options that are common " "to many widgets, the latter are the options that are idiosyncratic to that " "particular widget. The Standard Options are documented on the :manpage:" "`options(3)` man page." msgstr "" "Notez que les pages de manuel listent « OPTIONS STANDARD » et « OPTIONS " "SPÉCIFIQUES D'OBJETS GRAPHIQUES » pour chaque objet graphique. La première " "est une liste d'options communes à de nombreux objets graphiques, la seconde " "est une liste d'options propres à cet objet graphique particulier. Les " "options standard sont documentées sur la page de manuel :manpage:" "`options(3)`." #: library/tkinter.rst:593 msgid "" "No distinction between standard and widget-specific options is made in this " "document. Some options don't apply to some kinds of widgets. Whether a " "given widget responds to a particular option depends on the class of the " "widget; buttons have a ``command`` option, labels do not." msgstr "" "Aucune distinction n'est faite dans ce document entre les options standard " "et les options spécifiques à un objet graphique. Certaines options ne " "s'appliquent pas à certains types d'objets graphiques. La réaction d'un " "objet graphique donné à une option particulière dépend de la classe de " "l'objet graphique ; les boutons possèdent une option ``command``, pas les " "étiquettes." #: library/tkinter.rst:598 msgid "" "The options supported by a given widget are listed in that widget's man " "page, or can be queried at runtime by calling the :meth:`config` method " "without arguments, or by calling the :meth:`keys` method on that widget. " "The return value of these calls is a dictionary whose key is the name of the " "option as a string (for example, ``'relief'``) and whose values are 5-tuples." msgstr "" "Les options gérées par un objet graphique donné sont listées dans la page de " "manuel de cet objet graphique, ou peuvent être interrogées à l'exécution en " "appelant la méthode :meth:`config` sans argument, ou en appelant la méthode :" "meth:`keys` sur cet objet graphique. La valeur de retour de ces appels est " "un dictionnaire dont la clé est le nom de l'option sous forme de chaîne (par " "exemple, ``'relief'``) et dont les valeurs sont des *5-uplets*." #: library/tkinter.rst:604 msgid "" "Some options, like ``bg`` are synonyms for common options with long names " "(``bg`` is shorthand for \"background\"). Passing the ``config()`` method " "the name of a shorthand option will return a 2-tuple, not 5-tuple. The 2-" "tuple passed back will contain the name of the synonym and the \"real\" " "option (such as ``('bg', 'background')``)." msgstr "" "Certaines options, comme ``bg``, sont des synonymes d'options communes qui " "ont des noms longs (``bg`` est une abréviation pour ``background`` « arrière-" "plan »). Passer le nom abrégé d'une option à la méthode ``config()`` renvoie " "un couple, pas un quintuplet. Le couple renvoyé contient le nom abrégé et le " "nom *réel* de l'option, par exemple ``('bg','background')``." #: library/tkinter.rst:611 msgid "Index" msgstr "Index" #: library/tkinter.rst:611 msgid "Meaning" msgstr "Signification" #: library/tkinter.rst:611 msgid "Example" msgstr "Exemple" #: library/tkinter.rst:613 msgid "0" msgstr "0" #: library/tkinter.rst:613 msgid "option name" msgstr "nom des options" #: library/tkinter.rst:615 msgid "``'relief'``" msgstr "``'relief'``" #: library/tkinter.rst:615 msgid "1" msgstr "1" #: library/tkinter.rst:615 msgid "option name for database lookup" msgstr "nom de l'option pour la recherche dans la base de données" #: library/tkinter.rst:617 msgid "2" msgstr "2" #: library/tkinter.rst:617 msgid "option class for database lookup" msgstr "classe de l'option pour la recherche dans la base de données" #: library/tkinter.rst:617 msgid "``'Relief'``" msgstr "``'Relief'``" #: library/tkinter.rst:620 msgid "3" msgstr "3" #: library/tkinter.rst:620 msgid "default value" msgstr "valeur par défaut" #: library/tkinter.rst:620 msgid "``'raised'``" msgstr "``'raised'``" #: library/tkinter.rst:622 msgid "4" msgstr "4" #: library/tkinter.rst:622 msgid "current value" msgstr "valeur actuelle" #: library/tkinter.rst:622 msgid "``'groove'``" msgstr "``'groove'``" #: library/tkinter.rst:625 msgid "Example::" msgstr "Exemple ::" #: library/tkinter.rst:630 msgid "" "Of course, the dictionary printed will include all the options available and " "their values. This is meant only as an example." msgstr "" "Bien sûr, le dictionnaire affiché contient toutes les options disponibles et " "leurs valeurs. Ceci n'est donné qu'à titre d'exemple." #: library/tkinter.rst:635 msgid "The Packer" msgstr "L'empaqueteur" #: library/tkinter.rst:639 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The packer is one of Tk's geometry-management mechanisms. Geometry " "managers are used to specify the relative positioning of widgets within " "their container - their mutual *master*. In contrast to the more cumbersome " "*placer* (which is used less commonly, and we do not cover here), the packer " "takes qualitative relationship specification - *above*, *to the left of*, " "*filling*, etc - and works everything out to determine the exact placement " "coordinates for you." msgstr "" "L'empaqueteur est l'un des mécanismes de Tk pour la gestion de la " "disposition des éléments sur l'écran. Les gestionnaires de géométrie sont " "utilisés pour spécifier le positionnement relatif du positionnement des " "objets graphiques dans leur conteneur — leur *constructeur* mutuel. " "Contrairement au plus encombrant *placeur* (qui est utilisé moins souvent, " "et nous n'en parlons pas ici), l'empaqueteur prend les spécifications " "qualitatives de relation — *above*, *to the left of*, *filling*, etc — et " "calcule tout pour déterminer les coordonnées exactes du placement pour vous." #: library/tkinter.rst:646 msgid "" "The size of any *master* widget is determined by the size of the \"slave " "widgets\" inside. The packer is used to control where slave widgets appear " "inside the master into which they are packed. You can pack widgets into " "frames, and frames into other frames, in order to achieve the kind of layout " "you desire. Additionally, the arrangement is dynamically adjusted to " "accommodate incremental changes to the configuration, once it is packed." msgstr "" "La taille d'un objet graphique *constructeur* est déterminée par la taille " "des « objets graphiques hérités » à l'intérieur. L'empaqueteur est utilisé " "pour contrôler l'endroit où les objets graphiques hérités apparaissent à " "l'intérieur du constructeur dans lequel ils sont empaquetés. Vous pouvez " "regrouper des objets graphiques dans des cadres, et des cadres dans d'autres " "cadres, afin d'obtenir le type de mise en page souhaité. De plus, " "l'arrangement est ajusté dynamiquement pour s'adapter aux changements " "incrémentiels de la configuration, une fois qu'elle est empaquetées." #: library/tkinter.rst:653 msgid "" "Note that widgets do not appear until they have had their geometry specified " "with a geometry manager. It's a common early mistake to leave out the " "geometry specification, and then be surprised when the widget is created but " "nothing appears. A widget will appear only after it has had, for example, " "the packer's :meth:`pack` method applied to it." msgstr "" "Notez que les objets graphiques n'apparaissent pas tant que leur disposition " "n'a pas été spécifiée avec un gestionnaire de géométrie. C'est une erreur " "de débutant courante de ne pas tenir compte de la spécification de la " "géométrie, puis d'être surpris lorsque l'objet graphique est créé mais que " "rien n'apparaît. Un objet graphique n'apparaît qu'après que, par exemple, " "la méthode :meth:`pack` de l'empaqueteur lui ait été appliquée." #: library/tkinter.rst:659 msgid "" "The pack() method can be called with keyword-option/value pairs that control " "where the widget is to appear within its container, and how it is to behave " "when the main application window is resized. Here are some examples::" msgstr "" "La méthode ``pack()`` peut être appelée avec des paires mot-clé-option/" "valeur qui contrôlent où l'objet graphique doit apparaître dans son " "conteneur et comment il doit se comporter lorsque la fenêtre principale de " "l'application est redimensionnée. En voici quelques exemples ::" #: library/tkinter.rst:669 msgid "Packer Options" msgstr "Options de l'empaqueteur" #: library/tkinter.rst:671 msgid "" "For more extensive information on the packer and the options that it can " "take, see the man pages and page 183 of John Ousterhout's book." msgstr "" "Pour de plus amples informations sur l'empaqueteur et les options qu'il peut " "prendre, voir les pages de manuel et la page 183 du livre de John Ousterhout." #: library/tkinter.rst:795 msgid "anchor" msgstr "*anchor*" #: library/tkinter.rst:675 msgid "" "Anchor type. Denotes where the packer is to place each slave in its parcel." msgstr "" "Type d'ancrage. Indique l'endroit où l'empaqueteur doit placer chaque " "enfant dans son espace." #: library/tkinter.rst:678 msgid "expand" msgstr "*expand*" #: library/tkinter.rst:678 msgid "Boolean, ``0`` or ``1``." msgstr "Booléen, ``0`` ou ``1``." #: library/tkinter.rst:681 msgid "fill" msgstr "*fill*" #: library/tkinter.rst:681 msgid "Legal values: ``'x'``, ``'y'``, ``'both'``, ``'none'``." msgstr "Valeurs acceptées : ``'x'``, ``'y'``, ``'both'``, ``'none'``." #: library/tkinter.rst:684 msgid "ipadx and ipady" msgstr "*ipadx* et *ipady*" #: library/tkinter.rst:684 msgid "" "A distance - designating internal padding on each side of the slave widget." msgstr "" "Une distance — désignant l'écart interne de chaque côté de l'objet graphique " "hérité." #: library/tkinter.rst:687 msgid "padx and pady" msgstr "*padx* et *pady*" #: library/tkinter.rst:687 msgid "" "A distance - designating external padding on each side of the slave widget." msgstr "" "Une distance — désignant l'écart externe de chaque côté de l'objet graphique " "hérité." #: library/tkinter.rst:691 msgid "side" msgstr "*side*" #: library/tkinter.rst:690 msgid "Legal values are: ``'left'``, ``'right'``, ``'top'``, ``'bottom'``." msgstr "Valeurs acceptées : ``'left'``, ``'right'``, ``'top'``, ``'bottom'``." #: library/tkinter.rst:694 msgid "Coupling Widget Variables" msgstr "Association des variables de l'objet graphique" #: library/tkinter.rst:696 msgid "" "The current-value setting of some widgets (like text entry widgets) can be " "connected directly to application variables by using special options. These " "options are ``variable``, ``textvariable``, ``onvalue``, ``offvalue``, and " "``value``. This connection works both ways: if the variable changes for any " "reason, the widget it's connected to will be updated to reflect the new " "value." msgstr "" "L'assignation d'une valeur à certains objets graphiques (comme les objets " "graphique de saisie de texte) peut être liée directement aux variables de " "votre application à l'aide d'options spéciales. Ces options sont " "``variable``, ``textvariable``, ``onvalue``, ``offvalue`` et ``value``. Ce " "lien fonctionne dans les deux sens : si la variable change pour une raison " "ou pour une autre, l'objet graphique auquel elle est connectée est mis à " "jour pour refléter la nouvelle valeur." #: library/tkinter.rst:702 msgid "" "Unfortunately, in the current implementation of :mod:`tkinter` it is not " "possible to hand over an arbitrary Python variable to a widget through a " "``variable`` or ``textvariable`` option. The only kinds of variables for " "which this works are variables that are subclassed from a class called " "Variable, defined in :mod:`tkinter`." msgstr "" "Malheureusement, dans l'implémentation actuelle de :mod:`tkinter` il n'est " "pas possible de passer une variable Python arbitraire à un objet graphique " "via une option ``variable`` ou ``textvariable``. Les seuls types de " "variables pour lesquels cela fonctionne sont les variables qui sont sous-" "classées à partir d'une classe appelée ``Variable``, définie dans :mod:" "`tkinter`." #: library/tkinter.rst:708 msgid "" "There are many useful subclasses of Variable already defined: :class:" "`StringVar`, :class:`IntVar`, :class:`DoubleVar`, and :class:`BooleanVar`. " "To read the current value of such a variable, call the :meth:`get` method on " "it, and to change its value you call the :meth:`!set` method. If you follow " "this protocol, the widget will always track the value of the variable, with " "no further intervention on your part." msgstr "" "Il existe de nombreuses sous-classes utiles de ``Variable`` déjà définies : :" "class:`StringVar`, :class:`IntVar`, :class:`DoubleVar` et :class:" "`BooleanVar`. Pour lire la valeur courante d'une telle variable, appelez la " "méthode :meth:`get` dessus et, pour changer sa valeur, appelez la méthode :" "meth:`!set`. Si vous suivez ce protocole, l'objet graphique suivra toujours " "la valeur de la variable, sans autre intervention de votre part." #: library/tkinter.rst:895 msgid "For example::" msgstr "Par exemple ::" #: library/tkinter.rst:748 msgid "The Window Manager" msgstr "Le gestionnaire de fenêtres" #: library/tkinter.rst:752 msgid "" "In Tk, there is a utility command, ``wm``, for interacting with the window " "manager. Options to the ``wm`` command allow you to control things like " "titles, placement, icon bitmaps, and the like. In :mod:`tkinter`, these " "commands have been implemented as methods on the :class:`Wm` class. " "Toplevel widgets are subclassed from the :class:`Wm` class, and so can call " "the :class:`Wm` methods directly." msgstr "" "Dans Tk, il y a une commande pratique, ``wm``, pour interagir avec le " "gestionnaire de fenêtres. Les options de la commande ``wm`` vous permettent " "de contrôler les titres, le placement, les icônes en mode *bitmap* et encore " "d'autres choses du même genre. Dans :mod:`tkinter`, ces commandes ont été " "implémentées en tant que méthodes sur la classe :class:`Wm`. Les objets " "graphiques de haut niveau sont sous-classés à partir de la classe :class:" "`Wm`, ils peuvent donc appeler directement les méthodes de :class:`Wm`." #: library/tkinter.rst:759 msgid "" "To get at the toplevel window that contains a given widget, you can often " "just refer to the widget's master. Of course if the widget has been packed " "inside of a frame, the master won't represent a toplevel window. To get at " "the toplevel window that contains an arbitrary widget, you can call the :" "meth:`_root` method. This method begins with an underscore to denote the " "fact that this function is part of the implementation, and not an interface " "to Tk functionality." msgstr "" "Pour accéder à la fenêtre du plus haut niveau qui contient un objet " "graphique donné, vous pouvez souvent simplement vous référer au parent de " "cet objet graphique. Bien sûr, si l'objet graphique a été empaqueté à " "l'intérieur d'un cadre, le parent ne représentera pas la fenêtre de plus " "haut niveau. Pour accéder à la fenêtre du plus haut niveau qui contient un " "objet graphique arbitraire, vous pouvez appeler la méthode :meth:`_root`. " "Cette méthode commence par un soulignement pour indiquer que cette fonction " "fait partie de l'implémentation, et non d'une interface avec la " "fonctionnalité Tk." #: library/tkinter.rst:766 msgid "Here are some examples of typical usage::" msgstr "Voici quelques exemples d'utilisation courante ::" #: library/tkinter.rst:789 msgid "Tk Option Data Types" msgstr "Types de données des options Tk" #: library/tkinter.rst:794 msgid "" "Legal values are points of the compass: ``\"n\"``, ``\"ne\"``, ``\"e\"``, " "``\"se\"``, ``\"s\"``, ``\"sw\"``, ``\"w\"``, ``\"nw\"``, and also " "``\"center\"``." msgstr "" "Les valeurs acceptées sont des points cardinaux : ``\"n\"``, ``\"ne\"``, " "``\"e\"``, ``\"se\"``, ``\"s\"``, ``\"sw\"``, ``\"w\"``, ``\"nw\"`` et " "``\"center\"``." #: library/tkinter.rst:801 msgid "bitmap" msgstr "*bitmap*" #: library/tkinter.rst:798 msgid "" "There are eight built-in, named bitmaps: ``'error'``, ``'gray25'``, " "``'gray50'``, ``'hourglass'``, ``'info'``, ``'questhead'``, ``'question'``, " "``'warning'``. To specify an X bitmap filename, give the full path to the " "file, preceded with an ``@``, as in ``\"@/usr/contrib/bitmap/gumby.bit\"``." msgstr "" "Il y a huit bitmaps intégrés nommés : ``\"error\"``, ``\"gray25\"``, " "``\"gray50\"``, ``\"hourglass\"``, ``\"info\"``, ``\"questhead\"``, " "``\"question\"``, ``\"warning\"``. Pour spécifier un nom de fichier bitmap " "X, indiquez le chemin complet du fichier, précédé de ``@``, comme dans ``\"@/" "usr/contrib/bitmap/gumby.bit\"``." #: library/tkinter.rst:804 msgid "boolean" msgstr "*boolean*" #: library/tkinter.rst:804 msgid "You can pass integers 0 or 1 or the strings ``\"yes\"`` or ``\"no\"``." msgstr "" "Vous pouvez lui donner les entiers 0 ou 1 ou les chaînes de caractères " "``\"yes\"`` ou ``\"no\"``." #: library/tkinter.rst:811 msgid "callback" msgstr "*callback*" #: library/tkinter.rst:807 msgid "This is any Python function that takes no arguments. For example::" msgstr "" "N'importe quelle fonction Python qui ne prend pas d'argument. Par exemple ::" #: library/tkinter.rst:817 msgid "color" msgstr "*color*" #: library/tkinter.rst:814 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Colors can be given as the names of X colors in the rgb.txt file, or as " "strings representing RGB values in 4 bit: ``\"#RGB\"``, 8 bit: " "``\"#RRGGBB\"``, 12 bit: ``\"#RRRGGGBBB\"``, or 16 bit: " "``\"#RRRRGGGGBBBB\"`` ranges, where R,G,B here represent any legal hex " "digit. See page 160 of Ousterhout's book for details." msgstr "" "Les couleurs peuvent être données sous forme de noms de couleurs Xorg dans " "le fichier *rgb.txt*, ou sous forme de chaînes représentant les valeurs RVB " "en 4 bits : ``\"#RGB\"``, 8 bits : ``\"#RRVVBB\"``, 12 bits : " "``\"#RRRVVVBBB\"``, ou 16 bits ``\"#RRRRVVVVBBBB\"``, où R,V,B représente " "ici tout chiffre hexadécimal valide. Voir page 160 du livre d'Ousterhout " "pour plus de détails." #: library/tkinter.rst:823 msgid "cursor" msgstr "*cursor*" #: library/tkinter.rst:820 msgid "" "The standard X cursor names from :file:`cursorfont.h` can be used, without " "the ``XC_`` prefix. For example to get a hand cursor (:const:`XC_hand2`), " "use the string ``\"hand2\"``. You can also specify a bitmap and mask file " "of your own. See page 179 of Ousterhout's book." msgstr "" "Les noms de curseurs Xorg standard que l'on trouve dans :file:`cursorfont.h` " "peuvent être utilisés, sans le préfixe ``XC_``. Par exemple pour obtenir un " "curseur en forme de main (:const:`XC_hand2`), utilisez la chaîne " "``\"hand2\"``. Vous pouvez également spécifier votre propre bitmap et " "fichier masque. Voir page 179 du livre d'Ousterhout." #: library/tkinter.rst:830 msgid "distance" msgstr "*distance*" #: library/tkinter.rst:826 msgid "" "Screen distances can be specified in either pixels or absolute distances. " "Pixels are given as numbers and absolute distances as strings, with the " "trailing character denoting units: ``c`` for centimetres, ``i`` for inches, " "``m`` for millimetres, ``p`` for printer's points. For example, 3.5 inches " "is expressed as ``\"3.5i\"``." msgstr "" "Les distances à l'écran peuvent être spécifiées en pixels ou en distances " "absolues. Les pixels sont donnés sous forme de nombres et les distances " "absolues sous forme de chaînes de caractères, le dernier caractère indiquant " "les unités : ``c`` pour les centimètres, ``i`` pour les pouces (*inches* en " "anglais), ``m`` pour les millimètres, ``p`` pour les points d'impression. " "Par exemple, 3,5 pouces est noté ``\"3.5i\"``." #: library/tkinter.rst:835 msgid "font" msgstr "*font*" #: library/tkinter.rst:833 msgid "" "Tk uses a list font name format, such as ``{courier 10 bold}``. Font sizes " "with positive numbers are measured in points; sizes with negative numbers " "are measured in pixels." msgstr "" "*Tk* utilise un format de nom de police sous forme de liste, tel que " "``{courier 10 bold}``. Les tailles de polices avec des nombres positifs sont " "mesurées en points ; les tailles avec des nombres négatifs sont mesurées en " "pixels." #: library/tkinter.rst:840 msgid "geometry" msgstr "*geometry*" #: library/tkinter.rst:838 msgid "" "This is a string of the form ``widthxheight``, where width and height are " "measured in pixels for most widgets (in characters for widgets displaying " "text). For example: ``fred[\"geometry\"] = \"200x100\"``." msgstr "" "Il s'agit d'une chaîne de caractères de la forme ``largeurxhauteur``, où la " "largeur et la hauteur sont mesurées en pixels pour la plupart des objets " "graphiques (en caractères pour les objets graphiques affichant du texte). " "Par exemple : ``fred[\"geometry\"] = \"200x100\"``." #: library/tkinter.rst:844 msgid "justify" msgstr "*justify*" #: library/tkinter.rst:843 msgid "" "Legal values are the strings: ``\"left\"``, ``\"center\"``, ``\"right\"``, " "and ``\"fill\"``." msgstr "" "Les valeurs acceptées sont les chaînes de caractères : ``\"left\"``, " "``\"center\"``, ``\"right\"`` et ``\"fill\"``." #: library/tkinter.rst:849 msgid "region" msgstr "*region*" #: library/tkinter.rst:847 msgid "" "This is a string with four space-delimited elements, each of which is a " "legal distance (see above). For example: ``\"2 3 4 5\"`` and ``\"3i 2i 4.5i " "2i\"`` and ``\"3c 2c 4c 10.43c\"`` are all legal regions." msgstr "" "c'est une chaîne de caractères avec quatre éléments séparés par des espaces, " "chacun d'eux étant une distance valide (voir ci-dessus). Par exemple : " "``\"2 3 4 5\"``, ``\" 3i 2i 4.5i 2i\"`` et ``\"3c 2c 4c 10.43c\"`` sont " "toutes des régions valides." #: library/tkinter.rst:853 msgid "relief" msgstr "*relief*" #: library/tkinter.rst:852 msgid "" "Determines what the border style of a widget will be. Legal values are: " "``\"raised\"``, ``\"sunken\"``, ``\"flat\"``, ``\"groove\"``, and " "``\"ridge\"``." msgstr "" "Détermine le style de bordure d'un objet graphique. Les valeurs valides " "sont : ``\"raised\"``, ``\"sunken\"``, ``\"flat\"``, ``\"groove\"``, et " "``\"ridge\"``." #: library/tkinter.rst:857 msgid "scrollcommand" msgstr "*scrollcommand*" #: library/tkinter.rst:856 msgid "" "This is almost always the :meth:`!set` method of some scrollbar widget, but " "can be any widget method that takes a single argument." msgstr "" "C'est presque toujours la méthode :meth:`!set` d'un objet graphique de " "défilement, mais peut être n'importe quelle méthode d'objet graphique qui " "prend un seul argument." #: library/tkinter.rst:860 #, fuzzy msgid "wrap" msgstr "*wrap*" #: library/tkinter.rst:860 msgid "Must be one of: ``\"none\"``, ``\"char\"``, or ``\"word\"``." msgstr "Doit être l'un d'eux : ``\"none\"``, ``\"char\"``, ou ``\"word\"``." #: library/tkinter.rst:865 msgid "Bindings and Events" msgstr "Liaisons et événements" #: library/tkinter.rst:871 msgid "" "The bind method from the widget command allows you to watch for certain " "events and to have a callback function trigger when that event type occurs. " "The form of the bind method is::" msgstr "" "La méthode ``bind`` de la commande d'objet graphique vous permet de " "surveiller certains événements et d'avoir un déclencheur de fonction de " "rappel lorsque ce type d'événement se produit. La forme de la méthode de " "liaison est la suivante ::" #: library/tkinter.rst:877 msgid "where:" msgstr "où :" #: library/tkinter.rst:882 msgid "sequence" msgstr "*sequence*" #: library/tkinter.rst:880 #, fuzzy msgid "" "is a string that denotes the target kind of event. (See the :manpage:" "`bind(3tk)` man page, and page 201 of John Ousterhout's book, :title-" "reference:`Tcl and the Tk Toolkit (2nd edition)`, for details)." msgstr "" "est une chaîne de caractères qui indique le type d'événement cible. (Voir " "la page du manuel de *bind* et la page 201 du livre de John Ousterhout pour " "plus de détails)." #: library/tkinter.rst:887 msgid "func" msgstr "*func*" #: library/tkinter.rst:885 msgid "" "is a Python function, taking one argument, to be invoked when the event " "occurs. An Event instance will be passed as the argument. (Functions " "deployed this way are commonly known as *callbacks*.)" msgstr "" "est une fonction Python, prenant un argument, à invoquer lorsque l'événement " "se produit. Une instance d’évènement sera passée en argument. (Les fonctions " "déployées de cette façon sont communément appelées *callbacks* ou " "« fonctions de rappel » en français)." #: library/tkinter.rst:893 msgid "add" msgstr "*add*" #: library/tkinter.rst:890 msgid "" "is optional, either ``''`` or ``'+'``. Passing an empty string denotes that " "this binding is to replace any other bindings that this event is associated " "with. Passing a ``'+'`` means that this function is to be added to the list " "of functions bound to this event type." msgstr "" "est facultative, soit ``''`` ou ``'+'``. L'envoi d'une chaîne de caractères " "vide indique que cette liaison doit remplacer toute autre liaison à laquelle " "cet événement est associé. L'envoi de ``\"+\"`` signifie que cette fonction " "doit être ajoutée à la liste des fonctions liées à ce type d'événement." #: library/tkinter.rst:902 msgid "" "Notice how the widget field of the event is being accessed in the " "``turn_red()`` callback. This field contains the widget that caught the X " "event. The following table lists the other event fields you can access, and " "how they are denoted in Tk, which can be useful when referring to the Tk man " "pages." msgstr "" "Remarquez comment on accède au champ *objet graphique* de l'événement dans " "la fonction de rappel ``turn_red()``. Ce champ contient l'objet graphique " "qui a capturé l'événement Xorg. Le tableau suivant répertorie les autres " "champs d'événements auxquels vous pouvez accéder, et comment ils sont nommés " "dans Tk, ce qui peut être utile lorsque vous vous référez aux pages de " "manuel Tk." #: library/tkinter.rst:908 msgid "Tkinter Event Field" msgstr "Champ *évènement* de Tkinter" #: library/tkinter.rst:910 msgid "%f" msgstr "%f" #: library/tkinter.rst:910 msgid "focus" msgstr "focus" #: library/tkinter.rst:910 msgid "%A" msgstr "%A" #: library/tkinter.rst:910 msgid "char" msgstr "char" #: library/tkinter.rst:912 msgid "%h" msgstr "%h" #: library/tkinter.rst:912 msgid "height" msgstr "hauteur" #: library/tkinter.rst:912 msgid "%E" msgstr "%E" #: library/tkinter.rst:912 msgid "send_event" msgstr "send_event" #: library/tkinter.rst:914 msgid "%k" msgstr "%k" #: library/tkinter.rst:914 msgid "keycode" msgstr "keycode" #: library/tkinter.rst:914 msgid "%K" msgstr "%K" #: library/tkinter.rst:914 msgid "keysym" msgstr "keysym" #: library/tkinter.rst:916 msgid "%s" msgstr "%s" #: library/tkinter.rst:916 msgid "state" msgstr "state" #: library/tkinter.rst:916 msgid "%N" msgstr "%N" #: library/tkinter.rst:916 msgid "keysym_num" msgstr "keysym_num" #: library/tkinter.rst:918 msgid "%t" msgstr "%t" #: library/tkinter.rst:918 msgid "time" msgstr "time" #: library/tkinter.rst:918 msgid "%T" msgstr "%T" #: library/tkinter.rst:918 msgid "type" msgstr "type" #: library/tkinter.rst:920 msgid "%w" msgstr "%w" #: library/tkinter.rst:920 msgid "width" msgstr "width" #: library/tkinter.rst:920 msgid "%W" msgstr "%W" #: library/tkinter.rst:920 msgid "widget" msgstr "widget" #: library/tkinter.rst:922 msgid "%x" msgstr "%x" #: library/tkinter.rst:922 msgid "x" msgstr "x" #: library/tkinter.rst:922 msgid "%X" msgstr "%X" #: library/tkinter.rst:922 msgid "x_root" msgstr "x_root" #: library/tkinter.rst:924 msgid "%y" msgstr "%y" #: library/tkinter.rst:924 msgid "y" msgstr "y" #: library/tkinter.rst:924 msgid "%Y" msgstr "%Y" #: library/tkinter.rst:924 msgid "y_root" msgstr "y_root" #: library/tkinter.rst:929 msgid "The index Parameter" msgstr "Le paramètre index" #: library/tkinter.rst:931 msgid "" "A number of widgets require \"index\" parameters to be passed. These are " "used to point at a specific place in a Text widget, or to particular " "characters in an Entry widget, or to particular menu items in a Menu widget." msgstr "" "Un certain nombre d'objets graphiques nécessitent le passage de paramètres " "« indicés ». Ils sont utilisés pour pointer vers un endroit spécifique dans " "un objet graphique de type *Texte*, ou vers des caractères particuliers dans " "un objet graphique de type *Entrée*, ou vers des éléments de menu " "particuliers dans un objet graphique de type *Menu*." #: library/tkinter.rst:938 msgid "Entry widget indexes (index, view index, etc.)" msgstr "" "Index des objets graphique de type *Entrée* (``index``, ``view index``, etc.)" #: library/tkinter.rst:936 msgid "" "Entry widgets have options that refer to character positions in the text " "being displayed. You can use these :mod:`tkinter` functions to access these " "special points in text widgets:" msgstr "" "Les objets graphiques de type *Entrée* ont des options qui se réfèrent à la " "position des caractères dans le texte affiché. Vous pouvez utiliser ces " "fonctions :mod:`tkinter` pour accéder à ces points spéciaux dans les objets " "graphiques texte :" #: library/tkinter.rst:942 msgid "Text widget indexes" msgstr "Index des objets graphiques texte" #: library/tkinter.rst:941 msgid "" "The index notation for Text widgets is very rich and is best described in " "the Tk man pages." msgstr "" "La notation de l'index des objets graphiques de type *Texte* est très riche " "et mieux décrite dans les pages du manuel Tk." #: library/tkinter.rst:967 msgid "Menu indexes (menu.invoke(), menu.entryconfig(), etc.)" msgstr "Index menu (``menu.invoke()``, ``menu.entryconfig()``, etc.)" #: library/tkinter.rst:945 msgid "" "Some options and methods for menus manipulate specific menu entries. Anytime " "a menu index is needed for an option or a parameter, you may pass in:" msgstr "" "Certaines options et méthodes pour manipuler les menus nécessitent des " "éléments de spécifiques. Chaque fois qu'un index de menu est nécessaire pour " "une option ou un paramètre, vous pouvez utiliser :" #: library/tkinter.rst:948 msgid "" "an integer which refers to the numeric position of the entry in the widget, " "counted from the top, starting with 0;" msgstr "" "un entier qui fait référence à la position numérique de l'entrée dans " "l'objet graphique, comptée à partir du haut, en commençant par 0 ;" #: library/tkinter.rst:951 msgid "" "the string ``\"active\"``, which refers to the menu position that is " "currently under the cursor;" msgstr "" "la chaîne de caractères ``\"active\"``, qui fait référence à la position du " "menu qui se trouve actuellement sous le curseur ;" #: library/tkinter.rst:954 msgid "the string ``\"last\"`` which refers to the last menu item;" msgstr "" "la chaîne de caractères ``\"last\"`` qui fait référence au dernier élément " "du menu ;" #: library/tkinter.rst:956 msgid "" "An integer preceded by ``@``, as in ``@6``, where the integer is interpreted " "as a y pixel coordinate in the menu's coordinate system;" msgstr "" "un entier précédé de ``@``, comme dans ``@6``, où l'entier est interprété " "comme une coordonnée y de pixels dans le système de coordonnées du menu ;" #: library/tkinter.rst:959 msgid "" "the string ``\"none\"``, which indicates no menu entry at all, most often " "used with menu.activate() to deactivate all entries, and finally," msgstr "" "la chaîne de caractères ``\"none\"``, qui n'indique aucune entrée du menu, " "le plus souvent utilisée avec ``menu.activate()`` pour désactiver toutes les " "entrées, et enfin," #: library/tkinter.rst:962 msgid "" "a text string that is pattern matched against the label of the menu entry, " "as scanned from the top of the menu to the bottom. Note that this index " "type is considered after all the others, which means that matches for menu " "items labelled ``last``, ``active``, or ``none`` may be interpreted as the " "above literals, instead." msgstr "" "une chaîne de texte dont le motif correspond à l'étiquette de l'entrée de " "menu, telle qu'elle est balayée du haut vers le bas du menu. Notez que ce " "type d'index est considéré après tous les autres, ce qui signifie que les " "correspondances pour les éléments de menu étiquetés ``last``, ``active`` ou " "``none`` peuvent être interprétés comme les littéraux ci-dessus, plutôt." #: library/tkinter.rst:970 msgid "Images" msgstr "Images" #: library/tkinter.rst:972 msgid "" "Images of different formats can be created through the corresponding " "subclass of :class:`tkinter.Image`:" msgstr "" "Des images de différents formats peuvent être créées à travers la sous-" "classe correspondante de :class:`tkinter.Image` :" #: library/tkinter.rst:975 msgid ":class:`BitmapImage` for images in XBM format." msgstr ":class:`BitmapImage` pour les images au format *XBM*." #: library/tkinter.rst:977 msgid "" ":class:`PhotoImage` for images in PGM, PPM, GIF and PNG formats. The latter " "is supported starting with Tk 8.6." msgstr "" ":class:`PhotoImage` pour les images aux formats *PGM*, *PPM*, *GIF* et " "*PNG*. Ce dernier est géré à partir de Tk 8.6." #: library/tkinter.rst:980 msgid "" "Either type of image is created through either the ``file`` or the ``data`` " "option (other options are available as well)." msgstr "" "L'un ou l'autre type d'image est créé par l'option ``file`` ou ``data`` " "(d'autres options sont également disponibles)." #: library/tkinter.rst:983 msgid "" "The image object can then be used wherever an ``image`` option is supported " "by some widget (e.g. labels, buttons, menus). In these cases, Tk will not " "keep a reference to the image. When the last Python reference to the image " "object is deleted, the image data is deleted as well, and Tk will display an " "empty box wherever the image was used." msgstr "" "L'objet image peut alors être utilisé partout où un objet graphique sait " "gérer une option ``image`` (par ex. étiquettes, boutons, menus). Dans ces " "cas, Tk ne conserve pas de référence à l'image. Lorsque la dernière " "référence Python à l'objet image est supprimée, les données de l'image sont " "également supprimées, et Tk affiche une boite vide à l'endroit où l'image " "était utilisée." #: library/tkinter.rst:991 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `Pillow `_ package adds support for formats " "such as BMP, JPEG, TIFF, and WebP, among others." msgstr "" "Le paquet `Pillow `_ ajoute la prise en charge de " "formats tels que *BMP*, *JPEG*, *TIFF* et *WebP*, entre autres." #: library/tkinter.rst:997 msgid "File Handlers" msgstr "Gestionnaires de fichiers" #: library/tkinter.rst:999 msgid "" "Tk allows you to register and unregister a callback function which will be " "called from the Tk mainloop when I/O is possible on a file descriptor. Only " "one handler may be registered per file descriptor. Example code::" msgstr "" "*Tk* vous permet d'enregistrer et de *désenregistrer* une fonction de rappel " "qui est appelée depuis la boucle principale de Tk lorsque des entrées-" "sorties sont possibles sur un descripteur de fichier. Un seul gestionnaire " "peut être enregistré par descripteur de fichier. Exemple de code ::" #: library/tkinter.rst:1010 msgid "This feature is not available on Windows." msgstr "Cette fonction n'est pas disponible sous Windows." #: library/tkinter.rst:1012 msgid "" "Since you don't know how many bytes are available for reading, you may not " "want to use the :class:`~io.BufferedIOBase` or :class:`~io.TextIOBase` :meth:" "`~io.BufferedIOBase.read` or :meth:`~io.IOBase.readline` methods, since " "these will insist on reading a predefined number of bytes. For sockets, the :" "meth:`~socket.socket.recv` or :meth:`~socket.socket.recvfrom` methods will " "work fine; for other files, use raw reads or ``os.read(file.fileno(), " "maxbytecount)``." msgstr "" "Dans la mesure où vous ne savez pas combien d'octets sont disponibles en " "lecture, il ne faut pas utiliser les méthodes :class:`~io.BufferedIOBase` " "ou :class:`~io.TextIOBase` :meth:`~io.BufferedIOBase.read` ou :meth:`~io." "IOBase.readline`, car elles requièrent d'indiquer le nombre de *bytes* à " "lire. Pour les connecteurs, les méthodes :meth:`~socket.socket.socket.recv` " "ou :meth:`~socket.socket.recvfrom` fonctionnent bien ; pour les autres " "fichiers, utilisez des lectures brutes ou ``os.read(file.fileno(), " "maxbytecount)``." #: library/tkinter.rst:1023 msgid "" "Registers the file handler callback function *func*. The *file* argument may " "either be an object with a :meth:`~io.IOBase.fileno` method (such as a file " "or socket object), or an integer file descriptor. The *mask* argument is an " "ORed combination of any of the three constants below. The callback is called " "as follows::" msgstr "" "Enregistre la fonction de rappel du gestionnaire de fichiers *func*. " "L'argument ``file`` peut être soit un objet avec une méthode :meth:`~io." "IOBase.fileno` (comme un objet fichier ou connecteur), soit un descripteur " "de fichier de type entier. L'argument ``mask`` est une combinaison *OU* de " "l'une des trois constantes ci-dessous. La fonction de rappel s'utilise comme " "suit ::" #: library/tkinter.rst:1034 msgid "Unregisters a file handler." msgstr "Désenregistre un gestionnaire de fichiers." #: library/tkinter.rst:1041 msgid "Constants used in the *mask* arguments." msgstr "Constantes utilisées dans les arguments ``mask``." #~ msgid "Tkinter documentation:" #~ msgstr "Documentation de Tkinter :" #~ msgid "`Python Tkinter Resources `_" #~ msgstr "`Python Tkinter Resources `_" #~ msgid "" #~ "The Python Tkinter Topic Guide provides a great deal of information on " #~ "using Tk from Python and links to other sources of information on Tk." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Le *Python Tkinter Topic Guide* fournit beaucoup d'informations sur " #~ "l'utilisation de Tk à partir de Python et des liens vers d'autres sources " #~ "d'information sur Tk." #~ msgid "" #~ "Extensive tutorial plus friendlier widget pages for some of the widgets." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Tutoriel complet plus convivial pour certains des objets graphiques." #~ msgid "On-line reference material." #~ msgstr "Documents de référence en ligne." #~ msgid "`Tkinter docs from effbot `_" #~ msgstr "`Documents Tkinter sur effbot `_" #~ msgid "Online reference for tkinter supported by effbot.org." #~ msgstr "Référence en ligne pour *tkinter* réalisée par *effbot.org*." #~ msgid "" #~ "Book by Mark Roseman about building attractive and modern graphical user " #~ "interfaces with Python and Tkinter." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Livre de Mark Roseman sur la construction d'interfaces graphiques " #~ "esthétiques et modernes avec Python et Tkinter." #~ msgid "Book by John Grayson (ISBN 1-884777-81-3)." #~ msgstr "Livre de John Grayson (ISBN 1-884777-81-3)." #~ msgid "Tcl/Tk documentation:" #~ msgstr "Documentation de Tcl/Tk :" #~ msgid "" #~ "Most commands are available as :mod:`tkinter` or :mod:`tkinter.ttk` " #~ "classes. Change '8.6' to match the version of your Tcl/Tk installation." #~ msgstr "" #~ "La plupart des commandes sont disponibles sous forme de classes :mod:" #~ "`tkinter` ou :mod:`tkinter.ttk`. Modifiez '8.6' pour correspondre à votre " #~ "version installée de Tcl/Tk." #~ msgid "Recent Tcl/Tk manuals on www.tcl.tk." #~ msgstr "Manuels récents de Tcl/Tk sur *www.tcl.tk*." #~ msgid "`ActiveState Tcl Home Page `_" #~ msgstr "`Page d'accueil Tcl `_ chez ActiveState" #~ msgid "The Tk/Tcl development is largely taking place at ActiveState." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Le développement de Tk/Tcl se déroule en grande partie au sein " #~ "d'ActiveState." #~ msgid "Book by John Ousterhout, the inventor of Tcl." #~ msgstr "Livre de John Ousterhout, l'inventeur de Tcl." #~ msgid "`Practical Programming in Tcl and Tk `_" #~ msgstr "" #~ "`Practical Programming in Tcl and Tk `_" #~ msgid "Brent Welch's encyclopedic book." #~ msgstr "Le livre encyclopédique de Brent Welch." #~ msgid "" #~ "In addition to the Tk interface module, :mod:`tkinter` includes a number " #~ "of Python modules, :mod:`tkinter.constants` being one of the most " #~ "important. Importing :mod:`tkinter` will automatically import :mod:" #~ "`tkinter.constants`, so, usually, to use Tkinter all you need is a simple " #~ "import statement::" #~ msgstr "" #~ "En plus du module d'interface Tk, :mod:`tkinter` inclut un certain nombre " #~ "de modules Python, :mod:`tkinter.constants` étant l'un des plus " #~ "importants. Importer :mod:`tkinter` charge automatiquement :mod:`tkinter." #~ "constants` donc, habituellement, pour utiliser Tkinter, tout ce dont vous " #~ "avez besoin est une simple commande d'importation ::" #~ msgid "Or, more often::" #~ msgstr "Ou, plus souvent ::" #~ msgid "" #~ "This section is not designed to be an exhaustive tutorial on either Tk or " #~ "Tkinter. Rather, it is intended as a stop gap, providing some " #~ "introductory orientation on the system." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Cette section n'est pas conçue pour être un tutoriel exhaustif de Tk ou " #~ "Tkinter. Il s'agit plutôt d'un guide d'introduction au système." #~ msgid "Credits:" #~ msgstr "Crédits :" #~ msgid "Tk was written by John Ousterhout while at Berkeley." #~ msgstr "*Tk* a été écrit par John Ousterhout de Berkeley." #~ msgid "Tkinter was written by Steen Lumholt and Guido van Rossum." #~ msgstr "*Tkinter* a été écrit par Steen Lumholt et Guido van Rossum." #~ msgid "" #~ "This Life Preserver was written by Matt Conway at the University of " #~ "Virginia." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ce guide de survie a été écrit par Matt Conway de l'Université de " #~ "Virginie." #~ msgid "" #~ "The HTML rendering, and some liberal editing, was produced from a " #~ "FrameMaker version by Ken Manheimer." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Le rendu HTML, avec quelques modifications, a été réalisé à partir d'une " #~ "version FrameMaker par Ken Manheimer." #~ msgid "" #~ "Fredrik Lundh elaborated and revised the class interface descriptions, to " #~ "get them current with Tk 4.2." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Fredrik Lundh a élaboré et mis à jour les descriptions de l'interface des " #~ "classes, en cohérence avec Tk 4.2." #~ msgid "" #~ "Mike Clarkson converted the documentation to LaTeX, and compiled the " #~ "User Interface chapter of the reference manual." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Mike Clarkson a converti la documentation en LaTeX et a compilé le " #~ "chapitre *Interface utilisateur* du manuel de référence." #~ msgid "How To Use This Section" #~ msgstr "Mode d'emploi" #~ msgid "" #~ "This section is designed in two parts: the first half (roughly) covers " #~ "background material, while the second half can be taken to the keyboard " #~ "as a handy reference." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Cette section est divisée en deux parties : la première moitié (à peu " #~ "près) couvre la partie théorique, tandis que la seconde moitié peut être " #~ "utilisée comme guide pratique." #~ msgid "" #~ "When trying to answer questions of the form \"how do I do blah\", it is " #~ "often best to find out how to do \"blah\" in straight Tk, and then " #~ "convert this back into the corresponding :mod:`tkinter` call. Python " #~ "programmers can often guess at the correct Python command by looking at " #~ "the Tk documentation. This means that in order to use Tkinter, you will " #~ "have to know a little bit about Tk. This document can't fulfill that " #~ "role, so the best we can do is point you to the best documentation that " #~ "exists. Here are some hints:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Lorsque l'on essaie de répondre à des questions sur la manière de faire " #~ "« ceci ou cela », il est souvent préférable de trouver comment le faire " #~ "en Tk, puis de le convertir en fonction correspondante :mod:`tkinter`. " #~ "Les programmeurs Python peuvent souvent deviner la commande Python " #~ "correcte en consultant la documentation Tk. Cela signifie que pour " #~ "utiliser Tkinter, vous devez en savoir un peu plus sur Tk. Ce document ne " #~ "peut pas remplir ce rôle, alors le mieux que nous puissions faire est de " #~ "vous indiquer la meilleure documentation qui existe. Voici quelques " #~ "conseils :" #~ msgid "" #~ "The authors strongly suggest getting a copy of the Tk man pages. " #~ "Specifically, the man pages in the ``manN`` directory are most useful. " #~ "The ``man3`` man pages describe the C interface to the Tk library and " #~ "thus are not especially helpful for script writers." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Les auteurs conseillent fortement d'obtenir une copie des pages de manuel " #~ "de Tk. En particulier, les pages de manuel dans le répertoire ``manN`` " #~ "sont les plus utiles. Les pages de manuel ``man3`` décrivent l'interface " #~ "C de la bibliothèque Tk et ne sont donc pas particulièrement utiles aux " #~ "développeurs de scripts." #~ msgid "" #~ "Addison-Wesley publishes a book called Tcl and the Tk Toolkit by John " #~ "Ousterhout (ISBN 0-201-63337-X) which is a good introduction to Tcl and " #~ "Tk for the novice. The book is not exhaustive, and for many details it " #~ "defers to the man pages." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Addison-Wesley a publié un livre intitulé *Tcl and the Tk Toolkit* de " #~ "John Ousterhout (ISBN 0-201-63337-X) qui est une bonne introduction à Tcl " #~ "et Tk pour débutants. Le livre n'est pas exhaustif et, pour beaucoup de " #~ "détails, il renvoie aux pages du manuel." #~ msgid "" #~ ":file:`tkinter/__init__.py` is a last resort for most, but can be a good " #~ "place to go when nothing else makes sense." #~ msgstr "" #~ ":file:`tkinter/__init__.py` est souvent un dernier recours, mais peut " #~ "être un bon endroit où aller quand rien d'autre ne fait sens." #~ msgid "A (Very) Quick Look at Tcl/Tk" #~ msgstr "Un (très) rapide aperçu de Tcl/Tk" #~ msgid "" #~ "The class hierarchy looks complicated, but in actual practice, " #~ "application programmers almost always refer to the classes at the very " #~ "bottom of the hierarchy." #~ msgstr "" #~ "La hiérarchie de classes semble compliquée mais, dans la pratique, les " #~ "développeurs d'applications se réfèrent presque toujours aux classes " #~ "situées tout en bas de la hiérarchie." #~ msgid "Notes:" #~ msgstr "Notes :" #~ msgid "" #~ "These classes are provided for the purposes of organizing certain " #~ "functions under one namespace. They aren't meant to be instantiated " #~ "independently." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ces classes sont fournies dans le but d'organiser certaines fonctions " #~ "sous un seul espace de nommage. Elles n'ont pas vocation à être " #~ "instanciées indépendamment." #~ msgid "" #~ "The :class:`Tk` class is meant to be instantiated only once in an " #~ "application. Application programmers need not instantiate one explicitly, " #~ "the system creates one whenever any of the other classes are instantiated." #~ msgstr "" #~ "La classe :class:`Tk` est destinée à être instanciée une seule fois dans " #~ "une application. Les développeurs d'applications n'ont pas besoin d'en " #~ "instancier une explicitement, Le système en crée une au besoin quand une " #~ "des autres classes est instanciée." #~ msgid "" #~ "The :class:`Widget` class is not meant to be instantiated, it is meant " #~ "only for subclassing to make \"real\" widgets (in C++, this is called an " #~ "'abstract class')." #~ msgstr "" #~ "La classe :class:`Widget` n'est pas destinée à être instanciée, elle est " #~ "destinée uniquement au sous-classement pour faire de « vrais » objets " #~ "graphiques (en C++, on appelle cela une « classe abstraite »)." #~ msgid "" #~ "To make use of this reference material, there will be times when you will " #~ "need to know how to read short passages of Tk and how to identify the " #~ "various parts of a Tk command. (See section :ref:`tkinter-basic-" #~ "mapping` for the :mod:`tkinter` equivalents of what's below.)" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Pour comprendre cette documentation, il y aura des moments où vous aurez " #~ "besoin de savoir comment lire de courts passages de Tk et comment " #~ "identifier les différentes parties d'une commande Tk. (Voir la section :" #~ "ref:`tkinter-basic-mapping` pour les équivalents :mod:`tkinter` de ce qui " #~ "suit)." #~ msgid "" #~ "Tk scripts are Tcl programs. Like all Tcl programs, Tk scripts are just " #~ "lists of tokens separated by spaces. A Tk widget is just its *class*, " #~ "the *options* that help configure it, and the *actions* that make it do " #~ "useful things." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Les scripts Tk sont des programmes Tcl. Comme tous les programmes Tcl, " #~ "les scripts Tk ne sont que des listes de commandes séparées par des " #~ "espaces. Un objet graphique Tk n'est constitué que de sa *classe*, des " #~ "*options* qui l'aident à se configurer et des *actions* qui lui font " #~ "faire des choses utiles." #~ msgid "To make a widget in Tk, the command is always of the form::" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Pour créer un objet graphique en Tk, la commande est toujours de la " #~ "forme ::" #~ msgid "denotes which kind of widget to make (a button, a label, a menu...)" #~ msgstr "" #~ "indique le type d'objet graphique à réaliser (un bouton, une étiquette, " #~ "un menu…)" #~ msgid "*newPathname*" #~ msgstr "*newPathname*" #~ msgid "" #~ "is the new name for this widget. All names in Tk must be unique. To " #~ "help enforce this, widgets in Tk are named with *pathnames*, just like " #~ "files in a file system. The top level widget, the *root*, is called ``." #~ "`` (period) and children are delimited by more periods. For example, ``." #~ "myApp.controlPanel.okButton`` might be the name of a widget." #~ msgstr "" #~ "est le nouveau nom pour cet objet graphique. Tous les noms dans Tk " #~ "doivent être uniques. Pour vous aider à respecter cette règle, les " #~ "objets graphiques dans Tk sont nommés avec des *noms d'accès*, tout comme " #~ "les fichiers dans le système de fichiers. L'objet graphique de niveau " #~ "supérieur, la racine (*root* en anglais), s'appelle ``.`` (point) et les " #~ "enfants sont délimités par plusieurs points. Par exemple, ``.myApp." #~ "controlPanel.okButton`` pourrait être le nom d'un objet graphique." #~ msgid "*options*" #~ msgstr "*options*" #~ msgid "" #~ "configure the widget's appearance and in some cases, its behavior. The " #~ "options come in the form of a list of flags and values. Flags are " #~ "preceded by a '-', like Unix shell command flags, and values are put in " #~ "quotes if they are more than one word." #~ msgstr "" #~ "configure l'apparence de l'objet graphique et, dans certains cas, son " #~ "comportement. Les options se présentent sous la forme d'une liste de " #~ "paramètres et de valeurs. Les paramètres sont précédés d'un « - », comme " #~ "les paramètres d'une ligne de commande du shell Unix, et les valeurs sont " #~ "mises entre guillemets si elles font plus d'un mot." #~ msgid "" #~ "Once created, the pathname to the widget becomes a new command. This new " #~ "*widget command* is the programmer's handle for getting the new widget to " #~ "perform some *action*. In C, you'd express this as someAction(fred, " #~ "someOptions), in C++, you would express this as fred." #~ "someAction(someOptions), and in Tk, you say::" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Une fois créé, le chemin d'accès à l'objet graphique devient une nouvelle " #~ "commande. Cette nouvelle *commande d'objet graphique* est l'interface du " #~ "programmeur pour que le nouvel objet graphique effectue une *action*. En " #~ "C, cela prend la forme ``someAction(fred, someOptions)``, en C++, cela " #~ "prend la forme `fred.someAction(someOptions)` et, en Tk, vous dites ::" #~ msgid "Note that the object name, ``.fred``, starts with a dot." #~ msgstr "Notez que le nom de l'objet, ``.fred``, commence par un point." #~ msgid "" #~ "As you'd expect, the legal values for *someAction* will depend on the " #~ "widget's class: ``.fred disable`` works if fred is a button (fred gets " #~ "greyed out), but does not work if fred is a label (disabling of labels is " #~ "not supported in Tk)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Comme vous pouvez vous y attendre, les valeurs autorisées pour " #~ "*someAction* dépendent de la classe de l'objet graphique : ``.fred " #~ "disable`` fonctionne si ``fred`` est un bouton (``fred`` devient grisé), " #~ "mais ne fonctionne pas si ``fred`` est une étiquette (la désactivation " #~ "des étiquettes n'existe pas dans Tk)." #~ msgid "" #~ "The legal values of *someOptions* is action dependent. Some actions, " #~ "like ``disable``, require no arguments, others, like a text-entry box's " #~ "``delete`` command, would need arguments to specify what range of text to " #~ "delete." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Les valeurs possibles de *someOptions* dépendent de l'action. Certaines " #~ "actions, comme ``disable``, ne nécessitent aucun argument ; d'autres, " #~ "comme la commande ``delete`` d'une zone de saisie, nécessitent des " #~ "arguments pour spécifier l'étendue du texte à supprimer." #~ msgid "Mapping Basic Tk into Tkinter" #~ msgstr "Correspondance entre *Basic Tk* et *Tkinter*" #~ msgid "Class commands in Tk correspond to class constructors in Tkinter. ::" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Les commandes de classes dans Tk correspondent aux constructeurs de " #~ "classes dans Tkinter. ::" #~ msgid "" #~ "The master of an object is implicit in the new name given to it at " #~ "creation time. In Tkinter, masters are specified explicitly. ::" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Le constructeur d'un objet est implicite dans le nouveau nom qui lui est " #~ "donné lors de la création. Dans Tkinter, les constructeurs sont " #~ "spécifiés explicitement. ::" #~ msgid "" #~ "The configuration options in Tk are given in lists of hyphened tags " #~ "followed by values. In Tkinter, options are specified as keyword-" #~ "arguments in the instance constructor, and keyword-args for configure " #~ "calls or as instance indices, in dictionary style, for established " #~ "instances. See section :ref:`tkinter-setting-options` on setting " #~ "options. ::" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Les options de configuration dans Tk sont données dans des listes de " #~ "paramètres séparés par des traits d'union suivies de leurs valeurs. Dans " #~ "Tkinter, les options sont spécifiées sous forme d'arguments par mots-clés " #~ "dans le constructeur d'instance, et d'arguments par mots-clés pour " #~ "configurer les appels ou sous forme d'une entrée, dans le style " #~ "dictionnaire, d'instance pour les instances établies. Voir la section :" #~ "ref:`tkinter-setting-options` pour la façon de définir les options. ::" #~ msgid "" #~ "In Tk, to perform an action on a widget, use the widget name as a " #~ "command, and follow it with an action name, possibly with arguments " #~ "(options). In Tkinter, you call methods on the class instance to invoke " #~ "actions on the widget. The actions (methods) that a given widget can " #~ "perform are listed in :file:`tkinter/__init__.py`. ::" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dans Tk, pour effectuer une action sur un objet graphique, utilisez le " #~ "nom de l'objet graphique comme une commande et faites-le suivre d'un nom " #~ "d'action, éventuellement avec des arguments (options). Dans Tkinter, " #~ "vous appelez des méthodes sur l'instance de classe pour invoquer des " #~ "actions sur l'objet graphique. Les actions (méthodes) qu'un objet " #~ "graphique donné peut effectuer sont listées dans :file:`tkinter/__init__." #~ "py`. ::" #~ msgid "" #~ "To give a widget to the packer (geometry manager), you call pack with " #~ "optional arguments. In Tkinter, the Pack class holds all this " #~ "functionality, and the various forms of the pack command are implemented " #~ "as methods. All widgets in :mod:`tkinter` are subclassed from the " #~ "Packer, and so inherit all the packing methods. See the :mod:`tkinter." #~ "tix` module documentation for additional information on the Form geometry " #~ "manager. ::" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Pour donner un objet graphique à l'empaqueteur (ce qui gère la " #~ "disposition à l'écran), appelez ``pack`` avec des arguments optionnels. " #~ "Dans Tkinter, la classe ``Pack`` contient toutes ces fonctionnalités et " #~ "les différentes formes de la commande ``pack`` sont implémentées comme " #~ "méthodes. Tous les objets graphiques de :mod:`tkinter` sont sous-classés " #~ "depuis l'empaqueteur et donc héritent de toutes les méthodes " #~ "d'empaquetage. Voir la documentation du module :mod:`tkinter.tix` pour " #~ "plus d'informations sur le gestionnaire de disposition des formulaires. ::" #~ msgid "How Tk and Tkinter are Related" #~ msgstr "Relations entre Tk et Tkinter" #~ msgid "From the top down:" #~ msgstr "De haut en bas :" #~ msgid "Your App Here (Python)" #~ msgstr "Votre application (Python)" #~ msgid "A Python application makes a :mod:`tkinter` call." #~ msgstr "Une application Python fait un appel :mod:`tkinter`." #~ msgid "tkinter (Python Package)" #~ msgstr "*tkinter* (paquet Python)" #~ msgid "" #~ "This call (say, for example, creating a button widget), is implemented in " #~ "the :mod:`tkinter` package, which is written in Python. This Python " #~ "function will parse the commands and the arguments and convert them into " #~ "a form that makes them look as if they had come from a Tk script instead " #~ "of a Python script." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Cet appel (par exemple, la création d'un objet graphique de type bouton) " #~ "est implémenté dans le paquet :mod:`tkinter`, qui est écrit en Python. " #~ "Cette fonction Python analyse les commandes et les arguments et les " #~ "convertit en une forme qui les fait ressembler à un script Tk au lieu " #~ "d'un script Python." #~ msgid "_tkinter (C)" #~ msgstr "_tkinter (C)" #~ msgid "" #~ "These commands and their arguments will be passed to a C function in the :" #~ "mod:`_tkinter` - note the underscore - extension module." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ces commandes et leurs arguments sont passés à une fonction C dans le " #~ "module d'extension :mod:`_tkinter` — notez le tiret bas." #~ msgid "Tk Widgets (C and Tcl)" #~ msgstr "Objets graphiques Tk (C et Tcl)" #~ msgid "" #~ "This C function is able to make calls into other C modules, including the " #~ "C functions that make up the Tk library. Tk is implemented in C and some " #~ "Tcl. The Tcl part of the Tk widgets is used to bind certain default " #~ "behaviors to widgets, and is executed once at the point where the Python :" #~ "mod:`tkinter` package is imported. (The user never sees this stage)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Cette fonction C est capable d'effectuer des appels vers d'autres modules " #~ "C, y compris les fonctions C qui composent la bibliothèque Tk. Tk est " #~ "implémenté en C et un peu en Tcl. La partie Tcl des objets graphiques Tk " #~ "est utilisée pour lier certains comportements par défaut aux objets " #~ "graphiques, et est exécutée une fois au moment où le paquet Python :mod:" #~ "`tkinter` est importé (cette étape est transparente pour l'utilisateur)." #~ msgid "Tk (C)" #~ msgstr "Tk (C)" #~ msgid "The Tk part of the Tk Widgets implement the final mapping to ..." #~ msgstr "" #~ "La partie Tk des objets graphiques Tk implémente la correspondance finale " #~ "avec …" #~ msgid "Xlib (C)" #~ msgstr "Xlib (C)" #~ msgid "the Xlib library to draw graphics on the screen." #~ msgstr "" #~ "la bibliothèque *Xlib* pour dessiner des éléments graphiques à l'écran." #~ msgid "" #~ "`Tkinter 8.5 reference: a GUI for Python `_" #~ msgstr "" #~ "`Référence Tkinter 8.5 : un GUI pour Python `_"