# Copyright (C) 2001-2018, Python Software Foundation # For licence information, see README file. # msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-03-22 22:16+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-11-25 20:35+0100\n" "Language-Team: FRENCH \n" "Language: fr\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #: library/socket.rst:2 msgid ":mod:`socket` --- Low-level networking interface" msgstr ":mod:`socket` — Gestion réseau de bas niveau" #: library/socket.rst:7 msgid "**Source code:** :source:`Lib/socket.py`" msgstr "**Code source :** :source:`Lib/secrets.py`" #: library/socket.rst:11 msgid "" "This module provides access to the BSD *socket* interface. It is available " "on all modern Unix systems, Windows, MacOS, and probably additional " "platforms." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:16 msgid "" "Some behavior may be platform dependent, since calls are made to the " "operating system socket APIs." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:21 msgid "" "The Python interface is a straightforward transliteration of the Unix system " "call and library interface for sockets to Python's object-oriented style: " "the :func:`.socket` function returns a :dfn:`socket object` whose methods " "implement the various socket system calls. Parameter types are somewhat " "higher-level than in the C interface: as with :meth:`read` and :meth:`write` " "operations on Python files, buffer allocation on receive operations is " "automatic, and buffer length is implicit on send operations." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:33 msgid "Module :mod:`socketserver`" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:33 msgid "Classes that simplify writing network servers." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:35 #, fuzzy msgid "Module :mod:`ssl`" msgstr "Module :mod:`os`" #: library/socket.rst:36 msgid "A TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:40 msgid "Socket families" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:42 msgid "" "Depending on the system and the build options, various socket families are " "supported by this module." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:45 msgid "" "The address format required by a particular socket object is automatically " "selected based on the address family specified when the socket object was " "created. Socket addresses are represented as follows:" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:49 msgid "" "The address of an :const:`AF_UNIX` socket bound to a file system node is " "represented as a string, using the file system encoding and the " "``'surrogateescape'`` error handler (see :pep:`383`). An address in Linux's " "abstract namespace is returned as a :term:`bytes-like object` with an " "initial null byte; note that sockets in this namespace can communicate with " "normal file system sockets, so programs intended to run on Linux may need to " "deal with both types of address. A string or bytes-like object can be used " "for either type of address when passing it as an argument." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:59 msgid "" "Previously, :const:`AF_UNIX` socket paths were assumed to use UTF-8 encoding." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:970 library/socket.rst:1742 msgid "Writable :term:`bytes-like object` is now accepted." msgstr "N'importe quel :term:`bytes-like object` est maintenant accepté." #: library/socket.rst:68 msgid "" "A pair ``(host, port)`` is used for the :const:`AF_INET` address family, " "where *host* is a string representing either a hostname in Internet domain " "notation like ``'daring.cwi.nl'`` or an IPv4 address like " "``'100.50.200.5'``, and *port* is an integer." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:73 msgid "" "For IPv4 addresses, two special forms are accepted instead of a host " "address: ``''`` represents :const:`INADDR_ANY`, which is used to bind to all " "interfaces, and the string ``''`` represents :const:" "`INADDR_BROADCAST`. This behavior is not compatible with IPv6, therefore, " "you may want to avoid these if you intend to support IPv6 with your Python " "programs." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:80 msgid "" "For :const:`AF_INET6` address family, a four-tuple ``(host, port, flowinfo, " "scope_id)`` is used, where *flowinfo* and *scope_id* represent the " "``sin6_flowinfo`` and ``sin6_scope_id`` members in :const:`struct " "sockaddr_in6` in C. For :mod:`socket` module methods, *flowinfo* and " "*scope_id* can be omitted just for backward compatibility. Note, however, " "omission of *scope_id* can cause problems in manipulating scoped IPv6 " "addresses." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:87 msgid "" "For multicast addresses (with *scope_id* meaningful) *address* may not " "contain ``%scope_id`` (or ``zone id``) part. This information is superfluous " "and may be safely omitted (recommended)." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:92 msgid ":const:`AF_NETLINK` sockets are represented as pairs ``(pid, groups)``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:94 msgid "" "Linux-only support for TIPC is available using the :const:`AF_TIPC` address " "family. TIPC is an open, non-IP based networked protocol designed for use " "in clustered computer environments. Addresses are represented by a tuple, " "and the fields depend on the address type. The general tuple form is " "``(addr_type, v1, v2, v3 [, scope])``, where:" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:100 msgid "" "*addr_type* is one of :const:`TIPC_ADDR_NAMESEQ`, :const:`TIPC_ADDR_NAME`, " "or :const:`TIPC_ADDR_ID`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:102 msgid "" "*scope* is one of :const:`TIPC_ZONE_SCOPE`, :const:`TIPC_CLUSTER_SCOPE`, " "and :const:`TIPC_NODE_SCOPE`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:104 msgid "" "If *addr_type* is :const:`TIPC_ADDR_NAME`, then *v1* is the server type, " "*v2* is the port identifier, and *v3* should be 0." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:107 msgid "" "If *addr_type* is :const:`TIPC_ADDR_NAMESEQ`, then *v1* is the server type, " "*v2* is the lower port number, and *v3* is the upper port number." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:110 msgid "" "If *addr_type* is :const:`TIPC_ADDR_ID`, then *v1* is the node, *v2* is the " "reference, and *v3* should be set to 0." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:113 msgid "" "A tuple ``(interface, )`` is used for the :const:`AF_CAN` address family, " "where *interface* is a string representing a network interface name like " "``'can0'``. The network interface name ``''`` can be used to receive packets " "from all network interfaces of this family." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:118 msgid "" ":const:`CAN_ISOTP` protocol require a tuple ``(interface, rx_addr, " "tx_addr)`` where both additional parameters are unsigned long integer that " "represent a CAN identifier (standard or extended)." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:121 msgid "" ":const:`CAN_J1939` protocol require a tuple ``(interface, name, pgn, addr)`` " "where additional parameters are 64-bit unsigned integer representing the ECU " "name, a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the Parameter Group Number " "(PGN), and an 8-bit integer representing the address." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:126 msgid "" "A string or a tuple ``(id, unit)`` is used for the :const:`SYSPROTO_CONTROL` " "protocol of the :const:`PF_SYSTEM` family. The string is the name of a " "kernel control using a dynamically-assigned ID. The tuple can be used if ID " "and unit number of the kernel control are known or if a registered ID is " "used." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:134 msgid "" ":const:`AF_BLUETOOTH` supports the following protocols and address formats:" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:137 msgid "" ":const:`BTPROTO_L2CAP` accepts ``(bdaddr, psm)`` where ``bdaddr`` is the " "Bluetooth address as a string and ``psm`` is an integer." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:140 msgid "" ":const:`BTPROTO_RFCOMM` accepts ``(bdaddr, channel)`` where ``bdaddr`` is " "the Bluetooth address as a string and ``channel`` is an integer." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:143 msgid "" ":const:`BTPROTO_HCI` accepts ``(device_id,)`` where ``device_id`` is either " "an integer or a string with the Bluetooth address of the interface. (This " "depends on your OS; NetBSD and DragonFlyBSD expect a Bluetooth address while " "everything else expects an integer.)" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:148 msgid "NetBSD and DragonFlyBSD support added." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:151 msgid "" ":const:`BTPROTO_SCO` accepts ``bdaddr`` where ``bdaddr`` is a :class:`bytes` " "object containing the Bluetooth address in a string format. (ex. " "``b'12:23:34:45:56:67'``) This protocol is not supported under FreeBSD." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:156 msgid "" ":const:`AF_ALG` is a Linux-only socket based interface to Kernel " "cryptography. An algorithm socket is configured with a tuple of two to four " "elements ``(type, name [, feat [, mask]])``, where:" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:160 msgid "" "*type* is the algorithm type as string, e.g. ``aead``, ``hash``, " "``skcipher`` or ``rng``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:163 msgid "" "*name* is the algorithm name and operation mode as string, e.g. ``sha256``, " "``hmac(sha256)``, ``cbc(aes)`` or ``drbg_nopr_ctr_aes256``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:166 msgid "*feat* and *mask* are unsigned 32bit integers." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:172 msgid "" ":const:`AF_VSOCK` allows communication between virtual machines and their " "hosts. The sockets are represented as a ``(CID, port)`` tuple where the " "context ID or CID and port are integers." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:180 msgid "" ":const:`AF_PACKET` is a low-level interface directly to network devices. The " "packets are represented by the tuple ``(ifname, proto[, pkttype[, hatype[, " "addr]]])`` where:" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:184 msgid "*ifname* - String specifying the device name." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:185 msgid "" "*proto* - An in network-byte-order integer specifying the Ethernet protocol " "number." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:187 msgid "*pkttype* - Optional integer specifying the packet type:" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:189 msgid "``PACKET_HOST`` (the default) - Packet addressed to the local host." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:190 msgid "``PACKET_BROADCAST`` - Physical-layer broadcast packet." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:191 msgid "" "``PACKET_MULTIHOST`` - Packet sent to a physical-layer multicast address." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:192 msgid "" "``PACKET_OTHERHOST`` - Packet to some other host that has been caught by a " "device driver in promiscuous mode." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:194 msgid "" "``PACKET_OUTGOING`` - Packet originating from the local host that is looped " "back to a packet socket." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:196 msgid "*hatype* - Optional integer specifying the ARP hardware address type." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:197 msgid "" "*addr* - Optional bytes-like object specifying the hardware physical " "address, whose interpretation depends on the device." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:202 msgid "" ":const:`AF_QIPCRTR` is a Linux-only socket based interface for communicating " "with services running on co-processors in Qualcomm platforms. The address " "family is represented as a ``(node, port)`` tuple where the *node* and " "*port* are non-negative integers." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:211 msgid "" ":const:`IPPROTO_UDPLITE` is a variant of UDP which allows you to specify " "what portion of a packet is covered with the checksum. It adds two socket " "options that you can change. ``self.setsockopt(IPPROTO_UDPLITE, " "UDPLITE_SEND_CSCOV, length)`` will change what portion of outgoing packets " "are covered by the checksum and ``self.setsockopt(IPPROTO_UDPLITE, " "UDPLITE_RECV_CSCOV, length)`` will filter out packets which cover too little " "of their data. In both cases ``length`` should be in ``range(8, 2**16, 8)``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:220 msgid "" "Such a socket should be constructed with ``socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, " "IPPROTO_UDPLITE)`` for IPv4 or ``socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, " "IPPROTO_UDPLITE)`` for IPv6." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:228 msgid "" "If you use a hostname in the *host* portion of IPv4/v6 socket address, the " "program may show a nondeterministic behavior, as Python uses the first " "address returned from the DNS resolution. The socket address will be " "resolved differently into an actual IPv4/v6 address, depending on the " "results from DNS resolution and/or the host configuration. For " "deterministic behavior use a numeric address in *host* portion." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:235 msgid "" "All errors raise exceptions. The normal exceptions for invalid argument " "types and out-of-memory conditions can be raised; starting from Python 3.3, " "errors related to socket or address semantics raise :exc:`OSError` or one of " "its subclasses (they used to raise :exc:`socket.error`)." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:240 msgid "" "Non-blocking mode is supported through :meth:`~socket.setblocking`. A " "generalization of this based on timeouts is supported through :meth:`~socket." "settimeout`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:246 msgid "Module contents" msgstr "Classe de données" #: library/socket.rst:248 msgid "The module :mod:`socket` exports the following elements." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:252 msgid "Exceptions" msgstr "Exceptions" #: library/socket.rst:256 msgid "A deprecated alias of :exc:`OSError`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:258 msgid "Following :pep:`3151`, this class was made an alias of :exc:`OSError`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:264 msgid "" "A subclass of :exc:`OSError`, this exception is raised for address-related " "errors, i.e. for functions that use *h_errno* in the POSIX C API, including :" "func:`gethostbyname_ex` and :func:`gethostbyaddr`. The accompanying value is " "a pair ``(h_errno, string)`` representing an error returned by a library " "call. *h_errno* is a numeric value, while *string* represents the " "description of *h_errno*, as returned by the :c:func:`hstrerror` C function." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:285 library/socket.rst:296 msgid "This class was made a subclass of :exc:`OSError`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:277 msgid "" "A subclass of :exc:`OSError`, this exception is raised for address-related " "errors by :func:`getaddrinfo` and :func:`getnameinfo`. The accompanying " "value is a pair ``(error, string)`` representing an error returned by a " "library call. *string* represents the description of *error*, as returned " "by the :c:func:`gai_strerror` C function. The numeric *error* value will " "match one of the :const:`EAI_\\*` constants defined in this module." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:290 msgid "" "A subclass of :exc:`OSError`, this exception is raised when a timeout occurs " "on a socket which has had timeouts enabled via a prior call to :meth:" "`~socket.settimeout` (or implicitly through :func:`~socket." "setdefaulttimeout`). The accompanying value is a string whose value is " "currently always \"timed out\"." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:301 msgid "Constants" msgstr "Constantes" #: library/socket.rst:303 msgid "" "The AF_* and SOCK_* constants are now :class:`AddressFamily` and :class:" "`SocketKind` :class:`.IntEnum` collections." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:312 msgid "" "These constants represent the address (and protocol) families, used for the " "first argument to :func:`.socket`. If the :const:`AF_UNIX` constant is not " "defined then this protocol is unsupported. More constants may be available " "depending on the system." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:324 msgid "" "These constants represent the socket types, used for the second argument to :" "func:`.socket`. More constants may be available depending on the system. " "(Only :const:`SOCK_STREAM` and :const:`SOCK_DGRAM` appear to be generally " "useful.)" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:332 msgid "" "These two constants, if defined, can be combined with the socket types and " "allow you to set some flags atomically (thus avoiding possible race " "conditions and the need for separate calls)." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:338 msgid "" "`Secure File Descriptor Handling `_ for a more thorough explanation." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:342 msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Linux >= 2.6.27." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Linux >= 2.6.27" #: library/socket.rst:360 msgid "" "Many constants of these forms, documented in the Unix documentation on " "sockets and/or the IP protocol, are also defined in the socket module. They " "are generally used in arguments to the :meth:`setsockopt` and :meth:" "`getsockopt` methods of socket objects. In most cases, only those symbols " "that are defined in the Unix header files are defined; for a few symbols, " "default values are provided." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:367 msgid "" "``SO_DOMAIN``, ``SO_PROTOCOL``, ``SO_PEERSEC``, ``SO_PASSSEC``, " "``TCP_USER_TIMEOUT``, ``TCP_CONGESTION`` were added." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:371 msgid "" "On Windows, ``TCP_FASTOPEN``, ``TCP_KEEPCNT`` appear if run-time Windows " "supports." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:375 msgid "``TCP_NOTSENT_LOWAT`` was added." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:378 msgid "" "On Windows, ``TCP_KEEPIDLE``, ``TCP_KEEPINTVL`` appear if run-time Windows " "supports." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:453 library/socket.rst:464 msgid "" "Many constants of these forms, documented in the Linux documentation, are " "also defined in the socket module." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:401 library/socket.rst:436 msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Linux >= 2.6.25." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Linux >= 2.6.25" #: library/socket.rst:396 msgid "" "CAN_BCM, in the CAN protocol family, is the broadcast manager (BCM) " "protocol. Broadcast manager constants, documented in the Linux " "documentation, are also defined in the socket module." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:403 msgid "" "The :data:`CAN_BCM_CAN_FD_FRAME` flag is only available on Linux >= 4.8." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:409 msgid "" "Enables CAN FD support in a CAN_RAW socket. This is disabled by default. " "This allows your application to send both CAN and CAN FD frames; however, " "you must accept both CAN and CAN FD frames when reading from the socket." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:424 msgid "This constant is documented in the Linux documentation." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:416 msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Linux >= 3.6." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Linux >= 3.6." #: library/socket.rst:421 msgid "" "Joins the applied CAN filters such that only CAN frames that match all given " "CAN filters are passed to user space." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:427 #, fuzzy msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Linux >= 4.1." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Linux >= 4.8." #: library/socket.rst:432 msgid "" "CAN_ISOTP, in the CAN protocol family, is the ISO-TP (ISO 15765-2) protocol. " "ISO-TP constants, documented in the Linux documentation." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:441 msgid "" "CAN_J1939, in the CAN protocol family, is the SAE J1939 protocol. J1939 " "constants, documented in the Linux documentation." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:445 #, fuzzy msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Linux >= 5.4." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Linux >= 3.6." #: library/socket.rst:456 msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Linux >= 2.2." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Linux >= 2.2." #: library/socket.rst:468 msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Linux >= 2.6.30." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Linux >= 2.6.30." #: library/socket.rst:477 msgid "" "Constants for Windows' WSAIoctl(). The constants are used as arguments to " "the :meth:`~socket.socket.ioctl` method of socket objects." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1364 msgid "``SIO_LOOPBACK_FAST_PATH`` was added." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:486 msgid "" "TIPC related constants, matching the ones exported by the C socket API. See " "the TIPC documentation for more information." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:493 msgid "Constants for Linux Kernel cryptography." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1664 msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Linux >= 2.6.38." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Linux >= 2.6.38." #: library/socket.rst:505 msgid "Constants for Linux host/guest communication." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:508 msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Linux >= 4.8." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Linux >= 4.8." #: library/socket.rst:514 #, fuzzy msgid ":ref:`Availability `: BSD, macOS." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : BSD, OSX." #: library/socket.rst:519 msgid "" "This constant contains a boolean value which indicates if IPv6 is supported " "on this platform." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:525 msgid "" "These are string constants containing Bluetooth addresses with special " "meanings. For example, :const:`BDADDR_ANY` can be used to indicate any " "address when specifying the binding socket with :const:`BTPROTO_RFCOMM`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:534 msgid "" "For use with :const:`BTPROTO_HCI`. :const:`HCI_FILTER` is not available for " "NetBSD or DragonFlyBSD. :const:`HCI_TIME_STAMP` and :const:`HCI_DATA_DIR` " "are not available for FreeBSD, NetBSD, or DragonFlyBSD." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:541 msgid "" "Constant for Qualcomm's IPC router protocol, used to communicate with " "service providing remote processors." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:544 msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Linux >= 4.7." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Linux 4.7+" #: library/socket.rst:547 msgid "Functions" msgstr "Fonctions" #: library/socket.rst:550 msgid "Creating sockets" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:552 msgid "" "The following functions all create :ref:`socket objects `." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:557 msgid "" "Create a new socket using the given address family, socket type and protocol " "number. The address family should be :const:`AF_INET` (the default), :const:" "`AF_INET6`, :const:`AF_UNIX`, :const:`AF_CAN`, :const:`AF_PACKET`, or :const:" "`AF_RDS`. The socket type should be :const:`SOCK_STREAM` (the default), :" "const:`SOCK_DGRAM`, :const:`SOCK_RAW` or perhaps one of the other ``SOCK_`` " "constants. The protocol number is usually zero and may be omitted or in the " "case where the address family is :const:`AF_CAN` the protocol should be one " "of :const:`CAN_RAW`, :const:`CAN_BCM`, :const:`CAN_ISOTP` or :const:" "`CAN_J1939`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:567 msgid "" "If *fileno* is specified, the values for *family*, *type*, and *proto* are " "auto-detected from the specified file descriptor. Auto-detection can be " "overruled by calling the function with explicit *family*, *type*, or *proto* " "arguments. This only affects how Python represents e.g. the return value " "of :meth:`socket.getpeername` but not the actual OS resource. Unlike :func:" "`socket.fromfd`, *fileno* will return the same socket and not a duplicate. " "This may help close a detached socket using :meth:`socket.close()`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:710 library/socket.rst:1281 msgid "The newly created socket is :ref:`non-inheritable `." msgstr "" "Il n'est :ref:`pas possible d'hériter ` du connecteur " "nouvellement créé." #: library/socket.rst:578 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.__new__`` with arguments " "``self``, ``family``, ``type``, ``protocol``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:580 msgid "The AF_CAN family was added. The AF_RDS family was added." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:584 msgid "The CAN_BCM protocol was added." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:712 msgid "The returned socket is now non-inheritable." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:590 msgid "The CAN_ISOTP protocol was added." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:593 msgid "" "When :const:`SOCK_NONBLOCK` or :const:`SOCK_CLOEXEC` bit flags are applied " "to *type* they are cleared, and :attr:`socket.type` will not reflect them. " "They are still passed to the underlying system `socket()` call. Therefore," msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:605 msgid "" "will still create a non-blocking socket on OSes that support " "``SOCK_NONBLOCK``, but ``sock.type`` will be set to ``socket.SOCK_STREAM``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:609 msgid "The CAN_J1939 protocol was added." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:614 msgid "" "Build a pair of connected socket objects using the given address family, " "socket type, and protocol number. Address family, socket type, and protocol " "number are as for the :func:`.socket` function above. The default family is :" "const:`AF_UNIX` if defined on the platform; otherwise, the default is :const:" "`AF_INET`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:619 #, fuzzy msgid "The newly created sockets are :ref:`non-inheritable `." msgstr "" "Il n'est :ref:`pas possible d'hériter ` du connecteur " "nouvellement créé." #: library/socket.rst:621 msgid "" "The returned socket objects now support the whole socket API, rather than a " "subset." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:625 msgid "The returned sockets are now non-inheritable." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:628 #, fuzzy msgid "Windows support added." msgstr "Ajout de la gestion de Windows" #: library/socket.rst:634 msgid "" "Connect to a TCP service listening on the Internet *address* (a 2-tuple " "``(host, port)``), and return the socket object. This is a higher-level " "function than :meth:`socket.connect`: if *host* is a non-numeric hostname, " "it will try to resolve it for both :data:`AF_INET` and :data:`AF_INET6`, and " "then try to connect to all possible addresses in turn until a connection " "succeeds. This makes it easy to write clients that are compatible to both " "IPv4 and IPv6." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:642 msgid "" "Passing the optional *timeout* parameter will set the timeout on the socket " "instance before attempting to connect. If no *timeout* is supplied, the " "global default timeout setting returned by :func:`getdefaulttimeout` is used." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:647 msgid "" "If supplied, *source_address* must be a 2-tuple ``(host, port)`` for the " "socket to bind to as its source address before connecting. If host or port " "are '' or 0 respectively the OS default behavior will be used." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:651 msgid "*source_address* was added." msgstr "Le paramètre *source_address* a été ajouté." #: library/socket.rst:656 msgid "" "Convenience function which creates a TCP socket bound to *address* (a 2-" "tuple ``(host, port)``) and return the socket object." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:659 msgid "" "*family* should be either :data:`AF_INET` or :data:`AF_INET6`. *backlog* is " "the queue size passed to :meth:`socket.listen`; when ``0`` a default " "reasonable value is chosen. *reuse_port* dictates whether to set the :data:" "`SO_REUSEPORT` socket option." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:664 msgid "" "If *dualstack_ipv6* is true and the platform supports it the socket will be " "able to accept both IPv4 and IPv6 connections, else it will raise :exc:" "`ValueError`. Most POSIX platforms and Windows are supposed to support this " "functionality. When this functionality is enabled the address returned by :" "meth:`socket.getpeername` when an IPv4 connection occurs will be an IPv6 " "address represented as an IPv4-mapped IPv6 address. If *dualstack_ipv6* is " "false it will explicitly disable this functionality on platforms that enable " "it by default (e.g. Linux). This parameter can be used in conjunction with :" "func:`has_dualstack_ipv6`:" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:686 msgid "" "On POSIX platforms the :data:`SO_REUSEADDR` socket option is set in order to " "immediately reuse previous sockets which were bound on the same *address* " "and remained in TIME_WAIT state." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:694 msgid "" "Return ``True`` if the platform supports creating a TCP socket which can " "handle both IPv4 and IPv6 connections." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:701 msgid "" "Duplicate the file descriptor *fd* (an integer as returned by a file " "object's :meth:`fileno` method) and build a socket object from the result. " "Address family, socket type and protocol number are as for the :func:`." "socket` function above. The file descriptor should refer to a socket, but " "this is not checked --- subsequent operations on the object may fail if the " "file descriptor is invalid. This function is rarely needed, but can be used " "to get or set socket options on a socket passed to a program as standard " "input or output (such as a server started by the Unix inet daemon). The " "socket is assumed to be in blocking mode." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:718 msgid "" "Instantiate a socket from data obtained from the :meth:`socket.share` " "method. The socket is assumed to be in blocking mode." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1767 msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Windows." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Windows." #: library/socket.rst:728 msgid "" "This is a Python type object that represents the socket object type. It is " "the same as ``type(socket(...))``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:733 msgid "Other functions" msgstr "Autres fonctions" #: library/socket.rst:735 msgid "The :mod:`socket` module also offers various network-related services:" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:740 msgid "" "Close a socket file descriptor. This is like :func:`os.close`, but for " "sockets. On some platforms (most noticeable Windows) :func:`os.close` does " "not work for socket file descriptors." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:748 msgid "" "Translate the *host*/*port* argument into a sequence of 5-tuples that " "contain all the necessary arguments for creating a socket connected to that " "service. *host* is a domain name, a string representation of an IPv4/v6 " "address or ``None``. *port* is a string service name such as ``'http'``, a " "numeric port number or ``None``. By passing ``None`` as the value of *host* " "and *port*, you can pass ``NULL`` to the underlying C API." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:755 msgid "" "The *family*, *type* and *proto* arguments can be optionally specified in " "order to narrow the list of addresses returned. Passing zero as a value for " "each of these arguments selects the full range of results. The *flags* " "argument can be one or several of the ``AI_*`` constants, and will influence " "how results are computed and returned. For example, :const:`AI_NUMERICHOST` " "will disable domain name resolution and will raise an error if *host* is a " "domain name." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:763 msgid "The function returns a list of 5-tuples with the following structure:" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:765 msgid "``(family, type, proto, canonname, sockaddr)``" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:767 msgid "" "In these tuples, *family*, *type*, *proto* are all integers and are meant to " "be passed to the :func:`.socket` function. *canonname* will be a string " "representing the canonical name of the *host* if :const:`AI_CANONNAME` is " "part of the *flags* argument; else *canonname* will be empty. *sockaddr* is " "a tuple describing a socket address, whose format depends on the returned " "*family* (a ``(address, port)`` 2-tuple for :const:`AF_INET`, a ``(address, " "port, flowinfo, scope_id)`` 4-tuple for :const:`AF_INET6`), and is meant to " "be passed to the :meth:`socket.connect` method." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:777 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.getaddrinfo`` with " "arguments ``host``, ``port``, ``family``, ``type``, ``protocol``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:779 msgid "" "The following example fetches address information for a hypothetical TCP " "connection to ``example.org`` on port 80 (results may differ on your system " "if IPv6 isn't enabled)::" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:789 msgid "parameters can now be passed using keyword arguments." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:792 msgid "" "for IPv6 multicast addresses, string representing an address will not " "contain ``%scope_id`` part." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:798 msgid "" "Return a fully qualified domain name for *name*. If *name* is omitted or " "empty, it is interpreted as the local host. To find the fully qualified " "name, the hostname returned by :func:`gethostbyaddr` is checked, followed by " "aliases for the host, if available. The first name which includes a period " "is selected. In case no fully qualified domain name is available and *name* " "was provided, it is returned unchanged. If *name* was empty or equal to " "``'0.0.0.0'``, the hostname from :func:`gethostname` is returned." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:809 msgid "" "Translate a host name to IPv4 address format. The IPv4 address is returned " "as a string, such as ``'100.50.200.5'``. If the host name is an IPv4 " "address itself it is returned unchanged. See :func:`gethostbyname_ex` for a " "more complete interface. :func:`gethostbyname` does not support IPv6 name " "resolution, and :func:`getaddrinfo` should be used instead for IPv4/v6 dual " "stack support." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:829 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.gethostbyname`` with " "argument ``hostname``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:820 msgid "" "Translate a host name to IPv4 address format, extended interface. Return a " "triple ``(hostname, aliaslist, ipaddrlist)`` where *hostname* is the host's " "primary host name, *aliaslist* is a (possibly empty) list of alternative " "host names for the same address, and *ipaddrlist* is a list of IPv4 " "addresses for the same interface on the same host (often but not always a " "single address). :func:`gethostbyname_ex` does not support IPv6 name " "resolution, and :func:`getaddrinfo` should be used instead for IPv4/v6 dual " "stack support." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:834 msgid "" "Return a string containing the hostname of the machine where the Python " "interpreter is currently executing." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:837 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.gethostname`` with no " "arguments." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:839 msgid "" "Note: :func:`gethostname` doesn't always return the fully qualified domain " "name; use :func:`getfqdn` for that." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:845 msgid "" "Return a triple ``(hostname, aliaslist, ipaddrlist)`` where *hostname* is " "the primary host name responding to the given *ip_address*, *aliaslist* is a " "(possibly empty) list of alternative host names for the same address, and " "*ipaddrlist* is a list of IPv4/v6 addresses for the same interface on the " "same host (most likely containing only a single address). To find the fully " "qualified domain name, use the function :func:`getfqdn`. :func:" "`gethostbyaddr` supports both IPv4 and IPv6." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:853 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.gethostbyaddr`` with " "argument ``ip_address``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:858 msgid "" "Translate a socket address *sockaddr* into a 2-tuple ``(host, port)``. " "Depending on the settings of *flags*, the result can contain a fully-" "qualified domain name or numeric address representation in *host*. " "Similarly, *port* can contain a string port name or a numeric port number." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:863 msgid "" "For IPv6 addresses, ``%scope_id`` is appended to the host part if *sockaddr* " "contains meaningful *scope_id*. Usually this happens for multicast addresses." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:866 msgid "" "For more information about *flags* you can consult :manpage:`getnameinfo(3)`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:868 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.getnameinfo`` with " "argument ``sockaddr``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:872 msgid "" "Translate an Internet protocol name (for example, ``'icmp'``) to a constant " "suitable for passing as the (optional) third argument to the :func:`.socket` " "function. This is usually only needed for sockets opened in \"raw\" mode (:" "const:`SOCK_RAW`); for the normal socket modes, the correct protocol is " "chosen automatically if the protocol is omitted or zero." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:881 msgid "" "Translate an Internet service name and protocol name to a port number for " "that service. The optional protocol name, if given, should be ``'tcp'`` or " "``'udp'``, otherwise any protocol will match." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:885 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.getservbyname`` with " "arguments ``servicename``, ``protocolname``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:890 msgid "" "Translate an Internet port number and protocol name to a service name for " "that service. The optional protocol name, if given, should be ``'tcp'`` or " "``'udp'``, otherwise any protocol will match." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:894 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.getservbyport`` with " "arguments ``port``, ``protocolname``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:899 msgid "" "Convert 32-bit positive integers from network to host byte order. On " "machines where the host byte order is the same as network byte order, this " "is a no-op; otherwise, it performs a 4-byte swap operation." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:906 msgid "" "Convert 16-bit positive integers from network to host byte order. On " "machines where the host byte order is the same as network byte order, this " "is a no-op; otherwise, it performs a 2-byte swap operation." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:930 msgid "" "In case *x* does not fit in 16-bit unsigned integer, but does fit in a " "positive C int, it is silently truncated to 16-bit unsigned integer. This " "silent truncation feature is deprecated, and will raise an exception in " "future versions of Python." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:919 msgid "" "Convert 32-bit positive integers from host to network byte order. On " "machines where the host byte order is the same as network byte order, this " "is a no-op; otherwise, it performs a 4-byte swap operation." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:926 msgid "" "Convert 16-bit positive integers from host to network byte order. On " "machines where the host byte order is the same as network byte order, this " "is a no-op; otherwise, it performs a 2-byte swap operation." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:939 msgid "" "Convert an IPv4 address from dotted-quad string format (for example, " "'123.45.67.89') to 32-bit packed binary format, as a bytes object four " "characters in length. This is useful when conversing with a program that " "uses the standard C library and needs objects of type :c:type:`struct " "in_addr`, which is the C type for the 32-bit packed binary this function " "returns." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:945 msgid "" ":func:`inet_aton` also accepts strings with less than three dots; see the " "Unix manual page :manpage:`inet(3)` for details." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:948 msgid "" "If the IPv4 address string passed to this function is invalid, :exc:" "`OSError` will be raised. Note that exactly what is valid depends on the " "underlying C implementation of :c:func:`inet_aton`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:952 msgid "" ":func:`inet_aton` does not support IPv6, and :func:`inet_pton` should be " "used instead for IPv4/v6 dual stack support." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:958 msgid "" "Convert a 32-bit packed IPv4 address (a :term:`bytes-like object` four bytes " "in length) to its standard dotted-quad string representation (for example, " "'123.45.67.89'). This is useful when conversing with a program that uses " "the standard C library and needs objects of type :c:type:`struct in_addr`, " "which is the C type for the 32-bit packed binary data this function takes as " "an argument." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:965 msgid "" "If the byte sequence passed to this function is not exactly 4 bytes in " "length, :exc:`OSError` will be raised. :func:`inet_ntoa` does not support " "IPv6, and :func:`inet_ntop` should be used instead for IPv4/v6 dual stack " "support." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:976 msgid "" "Convert an IP address from its family-specific string format to a packed, " "binary format. :func:`inet_pton` is useful when a library or network " "protocol calls for an object of type :c:type:`struct in_addr` (similar to :" "func:`inet_aton`) or :c:type:`struct in6_addr`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:981 msgid "" "Supported values for *address_family* are currently :const:`AF_INET` and :" "const:`AF_INET6`. If the IP address string *ip_string* is invalid, :exc:" "`OSError` will be raised. Note that exactly what is valid depends on both " "the value of *address_family* and the underlying implementation of :c:func:" "`inet_pton`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1008 msgid "" ":ref:`Availability `: Unix (maybe not all platforms), Windows." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1009 msgid "Windows support added" msgstr "Ajout de la gestion de Windows." #: library/socket.rst:995 msgid "" "Convert a packed IP address (a :term:`bytes-like object` of some number of " "bytes) to its standard, family-specific string representation (for example, " "``'7.10.0.5'`` or ``'5aef:2b::8'``). :func:`inet_ntop` is useful when a " "library or network protocol returns an object of type :c:type:`struct " "in_addr` (similar to :func:`inet_ntoa`) or :c:type:`struct in6_addr`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1002 msgid "" "Supported values for *address_family* are currently :const:`AF_INET` and :" "const:`AF_INET6`. If the bytes object *packed_ip* is not the correct length " "for the specified address family, :exc:`ValueError` will be raised. :exc:" "`OSError` is raised for errors from the call to :func:`inet_ntop`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1024 msgid "" "Return the total length, without trailing padding, of an ancillary data item " "with associated data of the given *length*. This value can often be used as " "the buffer size for :meth:`~socket.recvmsg` to receive a single item of " "ancillary data, but :rfc:`3542` requires portable applications to use :func:" "`CMSG_SPACE` and thus include space for padding, even when the item will be " "the last in the buffer. Raises :exc:`OverflowError` if *length* is outside " "the permissible range of values." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1055 library/socket.rst:1542 library/socket.rst:1648 msgid "" ":ref:`Availability `: most Unix platforms, possibly others." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1040 msgid "" "Return the buffer size needed for :meth:`~socket.recvmsg` to receive an " "ancillary data item with associated data of the given *length*, along with " "any trailing padding. The buffer space needed to receive multiple items is " "the sum of the :func:`CMSG_SPACE` values for their associated data lengths. " "Raises :exc:`OverflowError` if *length* is outside the permissible range of " "values." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1048 msgid "" "Note that some systems might support ancillary data without providing this " "function. Also note that setting the buffer size using the results of this " "function may not precisely limit the amount of ancillary data that can be " "received, since additional data may be able to fit into the padding area." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1061 msgid "" "Return the default timeout in seconds (float) for new socket objects. A " "value of ``None`` indicates that new socket objects have no timeout. When " "the socket module is first imported, the default is ``None``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1068 msgid "" "Set the default timeout in seconds (float) for new socket objects. When the " "socket module is first imported, the default is ``None``. See :meth:" "`~socket.settimeout` for possible values and their respective meanings." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1076 msgid "" "Set the machine's hostname to *name*. This will raise an :exc:`OSError` if " "you don't have enough rights." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1079 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.sethostname`` with " "argument ``name``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1082 msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Unix." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Unix." #: library/socket.rst:1088 msgid "" "Return a list of network interface information (index int, name string) " "tuples. :exc:`OSError` if the system call fails." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1120 library/socket.rst:1137 msgid ":ref:`Availability `: Unix, Windows." msgstr ":ref:`Disponibilité ` : Unix, Windows." #: library/socket.rst:1123 library/socket.rst:1140 #, fuzzy msgid "Windows support was added." msgstr "Ajout de la gestion de Windows." #: library/socket.rst:1101 msgid "" "On Windows network interfaces have different names in different contexts " "(all names are examples):" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1104 msgid "UUID: ``{FB605B73-AAC2-49A6-9A2F-25416AEA0573}``" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1105 msgid "name: ``ethernet_32770``" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1106 msgid "friendly name: ``vEthernet (nat)``" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1107 msgid "description: ``Hyper-V Virtual Ethernet Adapter``" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1109 msgid "" "This function returns names of the second form from the list, " "``ethernet_32770`` in this example case." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1115 msgid "" "Return a network interface index number corresponding to an interface name. :" "exc:`OSError` if no interface with the given name exists." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1144 msgid "\"Interface name\" is a name as documented in :func:`if_nameindex`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1132 msgid "" "Return a network interface name corresponding to an interface index number. :" "exc:`OSError` if no interface with the given index exists." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1149 msgid "" "Send the list of file descriptors *fds* over an :const:`AF_UNIX` socket " "*sock*. The *fds* parameter is a sequence of file descriptors. Consult :meth:" "`sendmsg` for the documentation of these parameters." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1154 msgid "" ":ref:`Availability `: Unix supporting :meth:`~socket.sendmsg` " "and :const:`SCM_RIGHTS` mechanism." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1160 msgid "" "Receive up to *maxfds* file descriptors from an :const:`AF_UNIX` socket " "*sock*. Return ``(msg, list(fds), flags, addr)``. Consult :meth:`recvmsg` " "for the documentation of these parameters." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1165 msgid "" ":ref:`Availability `: Unix supporting :meth:`~socket.recvmsg` " "and :const:`SCM_RIGHTS` mechanism." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1170 msgid "Any truncated integers at the end of the list of file descriptors." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1176 msgid "Socket Objects" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1178 msgid "" "Socket objects have the following methods. Except for :meth:`~socket." "makefile`, these correspond to Unix system calls applicable to sockets." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1182 msgid "" "Support for the :term:`context manager` protocol was added. Exiting the " "context manager is equivalent to calling :meth:`~socket.close`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1189 msgid "" "Accept a connection. The socket must be bound to an address and listening " "for connections. The return value is a pair ``(conn, address)`` where *conn* " "is a *new* socket object usable to send and receive data on the connection, " "and *address* is the address bound to the socket on the other end of the " "connection." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1283 msgid "The socket is now non-inheritable." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1414 library/socket.rst:1503 library/socket.rst:1593 #: library/socket.rst:1653 msgid "" "If the system call is interrupted and the signal handler does not raise an " "exception, the method now retries the system call instead of raising an :exc:" "`InterruptedError` exception (see :pep:`475` for the rationale)." msgstr "" "Si l'appel système est interrompu et que le gestionnaire de signal ne lève " "aucune exception, la fonction réessaye l'appel système au lieu de lever une :" "exc:`InterruptedError` (voir la :pep:`475` à propos du raisonnement)." #: library/socket.rst:1207 msgid "" "Bind the socket to *address*. The socket must not already be bound. (The " "format of *address* depends on the address family --- see above.)" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1210 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.bind`` with arguments " "``self``, ``address``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1214 msgid "" "Mark the socket closed. The underlying system resource (e.g. a file " "descriptor) is also closed when all file objects from :meth:`makefile()` are " "closed. Once that happens, all future operations on the socket object will " "fail. The remote end will receive no more data (after queued data is " "flushed)." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1220 msgid "" "Sockets are automatically closed when they are garbage-collected, but it is " "recommended to :meth:`close` them explicitly, or to use a :keyword:`with` " "statement around them." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1224 msgid "" ":exc:`OSError` is now raised if an error occurs when the underlying :c:func:" "`close` call is made." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1230 msgid "" ":meth:`close()` releases the resource associated with a connection but does " "not necessarily close the connection immediately. If you want to close the " "connection in a timely fashion, call :meth:`shutdown()` before :meth:" "`close()`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1238 msgid "" "Connect to a remote socket at *address*. (The format of *address* depends on " "the address family --- see above.)" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1241 msgid "" "If the connection is interrupted by a signal, the method waits until the " "connection completes, or raise a :exc:`socket.timeout` on timeout, if the " "signal handler doesn't raise an exception and the socket is blocking or has " "a timeout. For non-blocking sockets, the method raises an :exc:" "`InterruptedError` exception if the connection is interrupted by a signal " "(or the exception raised by the signal handler)." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1266 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.connect`` with arguments " "``self``, ``address``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1250 msgid "" "The method now waits until the connection completes instead of raising an :" "exc:`InterruptedError` exception if the connection is interrupted by a " "signal, the signal handler doesn't raise an exception and the socket is " "blocking or has a timeout (see the :pep:`475` for the rationale)." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1259 msgid "" "Like ``connect(address)``, but return an error indicator instead of raising " "an exception for errors returned by the C-level :c:func:`connect` call " "(other problems, such as \"host not found,\" can still raise exceptions). " "The error indicator is ``0`` if the operation succeeded, otherwise the value " "of the :c:data:`errno` variable. This is useful to support, for example, " "asynchronous connects." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1270 msgid "" "Put the socket object into closed state without actually closing the " "underlying file descriptor. The file descriptor is returned, and can be " "reused for other purposes." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1279 msgid "Duplicate the socket." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1289 msgid "" "Return the socket's file descriptor (a small integer), or -1 on failure. " "This is useful with :func:`select.select`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1292 msgid "" "Under Windows the small integer returned by this method cannot be used where " "a file descriptor can be used (such as :func:`os.fdopen`). Unix does not " "have this limitation." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1298 msgid "" "Get the :ref:`inheritable flag ` of the socket's file " "descriptor or socket's handle: ``True`` if the socket can be inherited in " "child processes, ``False`` if it cannot." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1307 msgid "" "Return the remote address to which the socket is connected. This is useful " "to find out the port number of a remote IPv4/v6 socket, for instance. (The " "format of the address returned depends on the address family --- see " "above.) On some systems this function is not supported." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1315 msgid "" "Return the socket's own address. This is useful to find out the port number " "of an IPv4/v6 socket, for instance. (The format of the address returned " "depends on the address family --- see above.)" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1322 msgid "" "Return the value of the given socket option (see the Unix man page :manpage:" "`getsockopt(2)`). The needed symbolic constants (:const:`SO_\\*` etc.) are " "defined in this module. If *buflen* is absent, an integer option is assumed " "and its integer value is returned by the function. If *buflen* is present, " "it specifies the maximum length of the buffer used to receive the option in, " "and this buffer is returned as a bytes object. It is up to the caller to " "decode the contents of the buffer (see the optional built-in module :mod:" "`struct` for a way to decode C structures encoded as byte strings)." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1334 msgid "" "Return ``True`` if socket is in blocking mode, ``False`` if in non-blocking." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1337 msgid "This is equivalent to checking ``socket.gettimeout() == 0``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1344 msgid "" "Return the timeout in seconds (float) associated with socket operations, or " "``None`` if no timeout is set. This reflects the last call to :meth:" "`setblocking` or :meth:`settimeout`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:0 msgid "platform" msgstr "``platform``" #: library/socket.rst:1351 msgid "Windows" msgstr "Windows" #: library/socket.rst:1353 msgid "" "The :meth:`ioctl` method is a limited interface to the WSAIoctl system " "interface. Please refer to the `Win32 documentation `_ for more information." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1358 msgid "" "On other platforms, the generic :func:`fcntl.fcntl` and :func:`fcntl.ioctl` " "functions may be used; they accept a socket object as their first argument." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1361 msgid "" "Currently only the following control codes are supported: ``SIO_RCVALL``, " "``SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS``, and ``SIO_LOOPBACK_FAST_PATH``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1369 msgid "" "Enable a server to accept connections. If *backlog* is specified, it must " "be at least 0 (if it is lower, it is set to 0); it specifies the number of " "unaccepted connections that the system will allow before refusing new " "connections. If not specified, a default reasonable value is chosen." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1374 msgid "The *backlog* parameter is now optional." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1382 msgid "" "Return a :term:`file object` associated with the socket. The exact returned " "type depends on the arguments given to :meth:`makefile`. These arguments " "are interpreted the same way as by the built-in :func:`open` function, " "except the only supported *mode* values are ``'r'`` (default), ``'w'`` and " "``'b'``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1387 msgid "" "The socket must be in blocking mode; it can have a timeout, but the file " "object's internal buffer may end up in an inconsistent state if a timeout " "occurs." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1391 msgid "" "Closing the file object returned by :meth:`makefile` won't close the " "original socket unless all other file objects have been closed and :meth:" "`socket.close` has been called on the socket object." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1397 msgid "" "On Windows, the file-like object created by :meth:`makefile` cannot be used " "where a file object with a file descriptor is expected, such as the stream " "arguments of :meth:`subprocess.Popen`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1404 msgid "" "Receive data from the socket. The return value is a bytes object " "representing the data received. The maximum amount of data to be received " "at once is specified by *bufsize*. See the Unix manual page :manpage:" "`recv(2)` for the meaning of the optional argument *flags*; it defaults to " "zero." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1411 msgid "" "For best match with hardware and network realities, the value of *bufsize* " "should be a relatively small power of 2, for example, 4096." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1422 msgid "" "Receive data from the socket. The return value is a pair ``(bytes, " "address)`` where *bytes* is a bytes object representing the data received " "and *address* is the address of the socket sending the data. See the Unix " "manual page :manpage:`recv(2)` for the meaning of the optional argument " "*flags*; it defaults to zero. (The format of *address* depends on the " "address family --- see above.)" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1433 msgid "" "For multicast IPv6 address, first item of *address* does not contain " "``%scope_id`` part anymore. In order to get full IPv6 address use :func:" "`getnameinfo`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1440 msgid "" "Receive normal data (up to *bufsize* bytes) and ancillary data from the " "socket. The *ancbufsize* argument sets the size in bytes of the internal " "buffer used to receive the ancillary data; it defaults to 0, meaning that no " "ancillary data will be received. Appropriate buffer sizes for ancillary " "data can be calculated using :func:`CMSG_SPACE` or :func:`CMSG_LEN`, and " "items which do not fit into the buffer might be truncated or discarded. The " "*flags* argument defaults to 0 and has the same meaning as for :meth:`recv`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1450 msgid "" "The return value is a 4-tuple: ``(data, ancdata, msg_flags, address)``. The " "*data* item is a :class:`bytes` object holding the non-ancillary data " "received. The *ancdata* item is a list of zero or more tuples " "``(cmsg_level, cmsg_type, cmsg_data)`` representing the ancillary data " "(control messages) received: *cmsg_level* and *cmsg_type* are integers " "specifying the protocol level and protocol-specific type respectively, and " "*cmsg_data* is a :class:`bytes` object holding the associated data. The " "*msg_flags* item is the bitwise OR of various flags indicating conditions on " "the received message; see your system documentation for details. If the " "receiving socket is unconnected, *address* is the address of the sending " "socket, if available; otherwise, its value is unspecified." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1464 msgid "" "On some systems, :meth:`sendmsg` and :meth:`recvmsg` can be used to pass " "file descriptors between processes over an :const:`AF_UNIX` socket. When " "this facility is used (it is often restricted to :const:`SOCK_STREAM` " "sockets), :meth:`recvmsg` will return, in its ancillary data, items of the " "form ``(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SCM_RIGHTS, fds)``, where *fds* is a :" "class:`bytes` object representing the new file descriptors as a binary array " "of the native C :c:type:`int` type. If :meth:`recvmsg` raises an exception " "after the system call returns, it will first attempt to close any file " "descriptors received via this mechanism." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1475 msgid "" "Some systems do not indicate the truncated length of ancillary data items " "which have been only partially received. If an item appears to extend " "beyond the end of the buffer, :meth:`recvmsg` will issue a :exc:" "`RuntimeWarning`, and will return the part of it which is inside the buffer " "provided it has not been truncated before the start of its associated data." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1482 msgid "" "On systems which support the :const:`SCM_RIGHTS` mechanism, the following " "function will receive up to *maxfds* file descriptors, returning the message " "data and a list containing the descriptors (while ignoring unexpected " "conditions such as unrelated control messages being received). See also :" "meth:`sendmsg`. ::" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1511 msgid "" "Receive normal data and ancillary data from the socket, behaving as :meth:" "`recvmsg` would, but scatter the non-ancillary data into a series of buffers " "instead of returning a new bytes object. The *buffers* argument must be an " "iterable of objects that export writable buffers (e.g. :class:`bytearray` " "objects); these will be filled with successive chunks of the non-ancillary " "data until it has all been written or there are no more buffers. The " "operating system may set a limit (:func:`~os.sysconf` value ``SC_IOV_MAX``) " "on the number of buffers that can be used. The *ancbufsize* and *flags* " "arguments have the same meaning as for :meth:`recvmsg`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1522 msgid "" "The return value is a 4-tuple: ``(nbytes, ancdata, msg_flags, address)``, " "where *nbytes* is the total number of bytes of non-ancillary data written " "into the buffers, and *ancdata*, *msg_flags* and *address* are the same as " "for :meth:`recvmsg`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1527 msgid "Example::" msgstr "Exemple ::" #: library/socket.rst:1548 msgid "" "Receive data from the socket, writing it into *buffer* instead of creating a " "new bytestring. The return value is a pair ``(nbytes, address)`` where " "*nbytes* is the number of bytes received and *address* is the address of the " "socket sending the data. See the Unix manual page :manpage:`recv(2)` for " "the meaning of the optional argument *flags*; it defaults to zero. (The " "format of *address* depends on the address family --- see above.)" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1558 msgid "" "Receive up to *nbytes* bytes from the socket, storing the data into a buffer " "rather than creating a new bytestring. If *nbytes* is not specified (or 0), " "receive up to the size available in the given buffer. Returns the number of " "bytes received. See the Unix manual page :manpage:`recv(2)` for the meaning " "of the optional argument *flags*; it defaults to zero." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1567 msgid "" "Send data to the socket. The socket must be connected to a remote socket. " "The optional *flags* argument has the same meaning as for :meth:`recv` " "above. Returns the number of bytes sent. Applications are responsible for " "checking that all data has been sent; if only some of the data was " "transmitted, the application needs to attempt delivery of the remaining " "data. For further information on this topic, consult the :ref:`socket-howto`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1582 msgid "" "Send data to the socket. The socket must be connected to a remote socket. " "The optional *flags* argument has the same meaning as for :meth:`recv` " "above. Unlike :meth:`send`, this method continues to send data from *bytes* " "until either all data has been sent or an error occurs. ``None`` is " "returned on success. On error, an exception is raised, and there is no way " "to determine how much data, if any, was successfully sent." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1589 msgid "" "The socket timeout is no more reset each time data is sent successfully. The " "socket timeout is now the maximum total duration to send all data." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1602 msgid "" "Send data to the socket. The socket should not be connected to a remote " "socket, since the destination socket is specified by *address*. The " "optional *flags* argument has the same meaning as for :meth:`recv` above. " "Return the number of bytes sent. (The format of *address* depends on the " "address family --- see above.)" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1608 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.sendto`` with arguments " "``self``, ``address``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1618 msgid "" "Send normal and ancillary data to the socket, gathering the non-ancillary " "data from a series of buffers and concatenating it into a single message. " "The *buffers* argument specifies the non-ancillary data as an iterable of :" "term:`bytes-like objects ` (e.g. :class:`bytes` objects); " "the operating system may set a limit (:func:`~os.sysconf` value " "``SC_IOV_MAX``) on the number of buffers that can be used. The *ancdata* " "argument specifies the ancillary data (control messages) as an iterable of " "zero or more tuples ``(cmsg_level, cmsg_type, cmsg_data)``, where " "*cmsg_level* and *cmsg_type* are integers specifying the protocol level and " "protocol-specific type respectively, and *cmsg_data* is a bytes-like object " "holding the associated data. Note that some systems (in particular, systems " "without :func:`CMSG_SPACE`) might support sending only one control message " "per call. The *flags* argument defaults to 0 and has the same meaning as " "for :meth:`send`. If *address* is supplied and not ``None``, it sets a " "destination address for the message. The return value is the number of " "bytes of non-ancillary data sent." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1638 msgid "" "The following function sends the list of file descriptors *fds* over an :" "const:`AF_UNIX` socket, on systems which support the :const:`SCM_RIGHTS` " "mechanism. See also :meth:`recvmsg`. ::" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1649 msgid "" "Raises an :ref:`auditing event ` ``socket.sendmsg`` with arguments " "``self``, ``address``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1660 msgid "" "Specialized version of :meth:`~socket.sendmsg` for :const:`AF_ALG` socket. " "Set mode, IV, AEAD associated data length and flags for :const:`AF_ALG` " "socket." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1669 msgid "" "Send a file until EOF is reached by using high-performance :mod:`os." "sendfile` and return the total number of bytes which were sent. *file* must " "be a regular file object opened in binary mode. If :mod:`os.sendfile` is not " "available (e.g. Windows) or *file* is not a regular file :meth:`send` will " "be used instead. *offset* tells from where to start reading the file. If " "specified, *count* is the total number of bytes to transmit as opposed to " "sending the file until EOF is reached. File position is updated on return or " "also in case of error in which case :meth:`file.tell() ` can " "be used to figure out the number of bytes which were sent. The socket must " "be of :const:`SOCK_STREAM` type. Non-blocking sockets are not supported." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1685 msgid "" "Set the :ref:`inheritable flag ` of the socket's file " "descriptor or socket's handle." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1693 msgid "" "Set blocking or non-blocking mode of the socket: if *flag* is false, the " "socket is set to non-blocking, else to blocking mode." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1696 msgid "" "This method is a shorthand for certain :meth:`~socket.settimeout` calls:" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1698 msgid "``sock.setblocking(True)`` is equivalent to ``sock.settimeout(None)``" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1700 msgid "``sock.setblocking(False)`` is equivalent to ``sock.settimeout(0.0)``" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1702 msgid "" "The method no longer applies :const:`SOCK_NONBLOCK` flag on :attr:`socket." "type`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1709 msgid "" "Set a timeout on blocking socket operations. The *value* argument can be a " "nonnegative floating point number expressing seconds, or ``None``. If a non-" "zero value is given, subsequent socket operations will raise a :exc:" "`timeout` exception if the timeout period *value* has elapsed before the " "operation has completed. If zero is given, the socket is put in non-" "blocking mode. If ``None`` is given, the socket is put in blocking mode." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1716 msgid "" "For further information, please consult the :ref:`notes on socket timeouts " "`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1718 msgid "" "The method no longer toggles :const:`SOCK_NONBLOCK` flag on :attr:`socket." "type`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1731 msgid "" "Set the value of the given socket option (see the Unix manual page :manpage:" "`setsockopt(2)`). The needed symbolic constants are defined in the :mod:" "`socket` module (:const:`SO_\\*` etc.). The value can be an integer, " "``None`` or a :term:`bytes-like object` representing a buffer. In the later " "case it is up to the caller to ensure that the bytestring contains the " "proper bits (see the optional built-in module :mod:`struct` for a way to " "encode C structures as bytestrings). When *value* is set to ``None``, " "*optlen* argument is required. It's equivalent to call :c:func:`setsockopt` " "C function with ``optval=NULL`` and ``optlen=optlen``." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1745 msgid "setsockopt(level, optname, None, optlen: int) form added." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1751 msgid "" "Shut down one or both halves of the connection. If *how* is :const:" "`SHUT_RD`, further receives are disallowed. If *how* is :const:`SHUT_WR`, " "further sends are disallowed. If *how* is :const:`SHUT_RDWR`, further sends " "and receives are disallowed." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1759 msgid "" "Duplicate a socket and prepare it for sharing with a target process. The " "target process must be provided with *process_id*. The resulting bytes " "object can then be passed to the target process using some form of " "interprocess communication and the socket can be recreated there using :func:" "`fromshare`. Once this method has been called, it is safe to close the " "socket since the operating system has already duplicated it for the target " "process." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1771 msgid "" "Note that there are no methods :meth:`read` or :meth:`write`; use :meth:" "`~socket.recv` and :meth:`~socket.send` without *flags* argument instead." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1774 msgid "" "Socket objects also have these (read-only) attributes that correspond to the " "values given to the :class:`~socket.socket` constructor." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1780 msgid "The socket family." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1785 msgid "The socket type." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1790 msgid "The socket protocol." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1797 msgid "Notes on socket timeouts" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1799 msgid "" "A socket object can be in one of three modes: blocking, non-blocking, or " "timeout. Sockets are by default always created in blocking mode, but this " "can be changed by calling :func:`setdefaulttimeout`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1803 msgid "" "In *blocking mode*, operations block until complete or the system returns an " "error (such as connection timed out)." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1806 msgid "" "In *non-blocking mode*, operations fail (with an error that is unfortunately " "system-dependent) if they cannot be completed immediately: functions from " "the :mod:`select` can be used to know when and whether a socket is available " "for reading or writing." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1811 msgid "" "In *timeout mode*, operations fail if they cannot be completed within the " "timeout specified for the socket (they raise a :exc:`timeout` exception) or " "if the system returns an error." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1816 msgid "" "At the operating system level, sockets in *timeout mode* are internally set " "in non-blocking mode. Also, the blocking and timeout modes are shared " "between file descriptors and socket objects that refer to the same network " "endpoint. This implementation detail can have visible consequences if e.g. " "you decide to use the :meth:`~socket.fileno()` of a socket." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1823 msgid "Timeouts and the ``connect`` method" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1825 msgid "" "The :meth:`~socket.connect` operation is also subject to the timeout " "setting, and in general it is recommended to call :meth:`~socket.settimeout` " "before calling :meth:`~socket.connect` or pass a timeout parameter to :meth:" "`create_connection`. However, the system network stack may also return a " "connection timeout error of its own regardless of any Python socket timeout " "setting." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1833 msgid "Timeouts and the ``accept`` method" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1835 msgid "" "If :func:`getdefaulttimeout` is not :const:`None`, sockets returned by the :" "meth:`~socket.accept` method inherit that timeout. Otherwise, the behaviour " "depends on settings of the listening socket:" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1839 msgid "" "if the listening socket is in *blocking mode* or in *timeout mode*, the " "socket returned by :meth:`~socket.accept` is in *blocking mode*;" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1842 msgid "" "if the listening socket is in *non-blocking mode*, whether the socket " "returned by :meth:`~socket.accept` is in blocking or non-blocking mode is " "operating system-dependent. If you want to ensure cross-platform behaviour, " "it is recommended you manually override this setting." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1851 msgid "Example" msgstr "Exemple" #: library/socket.rst:1853 msgid "" "Here are four minimal example programs using the TCP/IP protocol: a server " "that echoes all data that it receives back (servicing only one client), and " "a client using it. Note that a server must perform the sequence :func:`." "socket`, :meth:`~socket.bind`, :meth:`~socket.listen`, :meth:`~socket." "accept` (possibly repeating the :meth:`~socket.accept` to service more than " "one client), while a client only needs the sequence :func:`.socket`, :meth:" "`~socket.connect`. Also note that the server does not :meth:`~socket." "sendall`/:meth:`~socket.recv` on the socket it is listening on but on the " "new socket returned by :meth:`~socket.accept`." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1863 msgid "The first two examples support IPv4 only. ::" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1894 msgid "" "The next two examples are identical to the above two, but support both IPv4 " "and IPv6. The server side will listen to the first address family available " "(it should listen to both instead). On most of IPv6-ready systems, IPv6 will " "take precedence and the server may not accept IPv4 traffic. The client side " "will try to connect to the all addresses returned as a result of the name " "resolution, and sends traffic to the first one connected successfully. ::" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1966 msgid "" "The next example shows how to write a very simple network sniffer with raw " "sockets on Windows. The example requires administrator privileges to modify " "the interface::" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1991 msgid "" "The next example shows how to use the socket interface to communicate to a " "CAN network using the raw socket protocol. To use CAN with the broadcast " "manager protocol instead, open a socket with::" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:1997 msgid "" "After binding (:const:`CAN_RAW`) or connecting (:const:`CAN_BCM`) the " "socket, you can use the :meth:`socket.send`, and the :meth:`socket.recv` " "operations (and their counterparts) on the socket object as usual." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:2001 msgid "This last example might require special privileges::" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:2041 msgid "" "Running an example several times with too small delay between executions, " "could lead to this error::" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:2046 msgid "" "This is because the previous execution has left the socket in a " "``TIME_WAIT`` state, and can't be immediately reused." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:2049 msgid "" "There is a :mod:`socket` flag to set, in order to prevent this, :data:" "`socket.SO_REUSEADDR`::" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:2056 msgid "" "the :data:`SO_REUSEADDR` flag tells the kernel to reuse a local socket in " "``TIME_WAIT`` state, without waiting for its natural timeout to expire." msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:2062 msgid "" "For an introduction to socket programming (in C), see the following papers:" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:2064 msgid "" "*An Introductory 4.3BSD Interprocess Communication Tutorial*, by Stuart " "Sechrest" msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:2066 msgid "" "*An Advanced 4.3BSD Interprocess Communication Tutorial*, by Samuel J. " "Leffler et al," msgstr "" #: library/socket.rst:2069 msgid "" "both in the UNIX Programmer's Manual, Supplementary Documents 1 (sections " "PS1:7 and PS1:8). The platform-specific reference material for the various " "socket-related system calls are also a valuable source of information on the " "details of socket semantics. For Unix, refer to the manual pages; for " "Windows, see the WinSock (or Winsock 2) specification. For IPv6-ready APIs, " "readers may want to refer to :rfc:`3493` titled Basic Socket Interface " "Extensions for IPv6." msgstr ""