forked from AFPy/python-docs-fr
570 lines
21 KiB
Plaintext
570 lines
21 KiB
Plaintext
# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
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# Copyright (C) 2001-2016, Python Software Foundation
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# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
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# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
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#
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#, fuzzy
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.5\n"
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"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:42+0100\n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
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"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
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"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:2
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msgid ":mod:`statistics` --- Mathematical statistics functions"
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msgstr ":mod:`statistics` — Fonctions mathématiques pour les statistiques"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:12
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msgid "**Source code:** :source:`Lib/statistics.py`"
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msgstr "**Code source :** :source:`Lib/statistics.py`"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:21
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msgid ""
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"This module provides functions for calculating mathematical statistics of "
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"numeric (:class:`Real`-valued) data."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:26
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msgid ""
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"Unless explicitly noted otherwise, these functions support :class:`int`, :"
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"class:`float`, :class:`decimal.Decimal` and :class:`fractions.Fraction`. "
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"Behaviour with other types (whether in the numeric tower or not) is "
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"currently unsupported. Mixed types are also undefined and implementation-"
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"dependent. If your input data consists of mixed types, you may be able to "
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"use :func:`map` to ensure a consistent result, e.g. ``map(float, "
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"input_data)``."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:35
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msgid "Averages and measures of central location"
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msgstr "Moyennes et mesures de la tendance centrale"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:37
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msgid ""
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"These functions calculate an average or typical value from a population or "
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"sample."
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msgstr ""
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"Ces fonctions calculent une moyenne ou une valeur typique à partir d'une "
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"population ou d'un échantillon."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:41
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msgid ":func:`mean`"
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msgstr ":func:`mean`"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:41
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msgid "Arithmetic mean (\"average\") of data."
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msgstr "Moyenne arithmétique des données."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:42
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msgid ":func:`median`"
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msgstr ":func:`median`"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:42
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msgid "Median (middle value) of data."
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msgstr "Médiane (valeur centrale) des données."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:43
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msgid ":func:`median_low`"
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msgstr ":func:`median_low`"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:43
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msgid "Low median of data."
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msgstr "Médiane basse des données."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:44
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msgid ":func:`median_high`"
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msgstr ":func:`median_high`"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:44
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msgid "High median of data."
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msgstr "Médiane haute des données."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:45
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msgid ":func:`median_grouped`"
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msgstr ":func:`median_grouped`"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:45
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msgid "Median, or 50th percentile, of grouped data."
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msgstr ""
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"Médiane de données groupées, calculée comme le 50\\ :sup:`e` percentile."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:46
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msgid ":func:`mode`"
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msgstr ":func:`mode`"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:46
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msgid "Mode (most common value) of discrete data."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:50
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msgid "Measures of spread"
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msgstr "Mesures de la dispersion"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:52
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msgid ""
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"These functions calculate a measure of how much the population or sample "
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"tends to deviate from the typical or average values."
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msgstr ""
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"Ces fonctions mesurent la tendance de la population ou d'un échantillon à "
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"dévier des valeurs typiques ou des valeurs moyennes."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:56
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msgid ":func:`pstdev`"
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msgstr ":func:`pstdev`"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:56
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msgid "Population standard deviation of data."
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msgstr "Écart-type de la population."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:57
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msgid ":func:`pvariance`"
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msgstr ":func:`pvariance`"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:57
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msgid "Population variance of data."
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msgstr "Variance de la population."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:58
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msgid ":func:`stdev`"
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msgstr ":func:`stdev`"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:58
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msgid "Sample standard deviation of data."
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msgstr "Écart-type d'un échantillon."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:59
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msgid ":func:`variance`"
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msgstr ":func:`variance`"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:59
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msgid "Sample variance of data."
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msgstr "Variance d'un échantillon."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:64
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msgid "Function details"
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msgstr "Détails des fonctions"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:66
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msgid ""
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"Note: The functions do not require the data given to them to be sorted. "
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"However, for reading convenience, most of the examples show sorted sequences."
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msgstr ""
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"Note : les fonctions ne requièrent pas que les données soient ordonnées. "
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"Toutefois, pour en faciliter la lecture, les exemples utiliseront des "
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"séquences croissantes."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:71
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msgid ""
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"Return the sample arithmetic mean of *data*, a sequence or iterator of real-"
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"valued numbers."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:74
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msgid ""
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"The arithmetic mean is the sum of the data divided by the number of data "
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"points. It is commonly called \"the average\", although it is only one of "
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"many different mathematical averages. It is a measure of the central "
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"location of the data."
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msgstr ""
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"La moyenne arithmétique est la somme des valeurs divisée par le nombre "
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"d'observations. Il s'agit de la valeur couramment désignée comme la "
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"« moyenne » bien qu'il existe de multiples façons de définir "
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"mathématiquement la moyenne. C'est une mesure de la tendance centrale des "
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"données."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:79
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msgid "If *data* is empty, :exc:`StatisticsError` will be raised."
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msgstr "Une erreur :exc:`StatisticsError` est levée si *data* est vide."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:81
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msgid "Some examples of use:"
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msgstr "Exemples d'utilisation :"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:100
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msgid ""
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"The mean is strongly affected by outliers and is not a robust estimator for "
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"central location: the mean is not necessarily a typical example of the data "
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"points. For more robust, although less efficient, measures of central "
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"location, see :func:`median` and :func:`mode`. (In this case, \"efficient\" "
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"refers to statistical efficiency rather than computational efficiency.)"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:107
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msgid ""
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"The sample mean gives an unbiased estimate of the true population mean, "
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"which means that, taken on average over all the possible samples, "
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"``mean(sample)`` converges on the true mean of the entire population. If "
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"*data* represents the entire population rather than a sample, then "
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"``mean(data)`` is equivalent to calculating the true population mean μ."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:116
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msgid ""
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"Return the median (middle value) of numeric data, using the common \"mean of "
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"middle two\" method. If *data* is empty, :exc:`StatisticsError` is raised."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:119
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msgid ""
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"The median is a robust measure of central location, and is less affected by "
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"the presence of outliers in your data. When the number of data points is "
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"odd, the middle data point is returned:"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:128
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msgid ""
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"When the number of data points is even, the median is interpolated by taking "
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"the average of the two middle values:"
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msgstr ""
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"Lorsque le nombre d'observations est pair, la médiane est interpolée en "
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"calculant la moyenne des deux valeurs du milieu :"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:136
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msgid ""
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"This is suited for when your data is discrete, and you don't mind that the "
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"median may not be an actual data point."
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msgstr ""
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"Cette approche est adaptée à des données discrètes à condition que vous "
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"acceptiez que la médiane ne fasse pas nécessairement partie des observations."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:139
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msgid ":func:`median_low`, :func:`median_high`, :func:`median_grouped`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:144
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msgid ""
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"Return the low median of numeric data. If *data* is empty, :exc:"
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"`StatisticsError` is raised."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:147
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msgid ""
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"The low median is always a member of the data set. When the number of data "
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"points is odd, the middle value is returned. When it is even, the smaller "
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"of the two middle values is returned."
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msgstr ""
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"La médiane basse est toujours une valeur représentée dans les données. "
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"Lorsque le nombre d'observations est impair, la valeur du milieu est "
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"renvoyée. Sinon, la plus petite des deux valeurs du milieu est renvoyée."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:158
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msgid ""
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"Use the low median when your data are discrete and you prefer the median to "
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"be an actual data point rather than interpolated."
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msgstr ""
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"Utilisez la médiane basse lorsque vos données sont discrètes et que vous "
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"préférez que la médiane soit une valeur représentée dans vos observations "
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"plutôt que le résultat d'une interpolation."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:164
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msgid ""
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"Return the high median of data. If *data* is empty, :exc:`StatisticsError` "
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"is raised."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:167
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msgid ""
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"The high median is always a member of the data set. When the number of data "
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"points is odd, the middle value is returned. When it is even, the larger of "
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"the two middle values is returned."
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msgstr ""
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"La médiane haute est toujours une valeur représentée dans les données. "
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"Lorsque le nombre d'observations est impair, la valeur du milieu est "
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"renvoyée. Sinon, la plus grande des deux valeurs du milieu est renvoyée."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:178
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msgid ""
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"Use the high median when your data are discrete and you prefer the median to "
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"be an actual data point rather than interpolated."
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msgstr ""
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"Utilisez la médiane haute lorsque vos données sont discrètes et que vous "
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"préférez que la médiane soit une valeur représentée dans vos observations "
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"plutôt que le résultat d'une interpolation."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:184
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msgid ""
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"Return the median of grouped continuous data, calculated as the 50th "
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"percentile, using interpolation. If *data* is empty, :exc:`StatisticsError` "
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"is raised."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:193
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msgid ""
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"In the following example, the data are rounded, so that each value "
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"represents the midpoint of data classes, e.g. 1 is the midpoint of the class "
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"0.5-1.5, 2 is the midpoint of 1.5-2.5, 3 is the midpoint of 2.5-3.5, etc. "
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"With the data given, the middle value falls somewhere in the class 3.5-4.5, "
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"and interpolation is used to estimate it:"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:204
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msgid ""
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"Optional argument *interval* represents the class interval, and defaults to "
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"1. Changing the class interval naturally will change the interpolation:"
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msgstr ""
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"L'argument optionnel *interval* représente la largeur de l'intervalle des "
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"groupes (par défaut, 1). Changer l'intervalle des groupes change bien sûr "
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"l'interpolation :"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:214
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msgid ""
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"This function does not check whether the data points are at least *interval* "
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"apart."
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msgstr ""
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"Cette fonction ne vérifie pas que les valeurs sont bien séparées d'au moins "
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"une fois *interval*."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:219
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msgid ""
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"Under some circumstances, :func:`median_grouped` may coerce data points to "
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"floats. This behaviour is likely to change in the future."
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msgstr ""
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"Sous certaines conditions, :func:`median_grouped` peut convertir les valeurs "
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"en nombres à virgule flottante. Ce comportement est susceptible de changer "
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"dans le futur."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:224
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msgid ""
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"\"Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences\", Frederick J Gravetter and Larry "
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"B Wallnau (8th Edition)."
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msgstr ""
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"*Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences*, Frederick J Gravetter et Larry B "
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"Wallnau (8\\ :sup:`e` édition, ouvrage en anglais)."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:227
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msgid ""
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"Calculating the `median <https://www.ualberta.ca/~opscan/median.html>`_."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:229
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msgid ""
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"The `SSMEDIAN <https://help.gnome.org/users/gnumeric/stable/gnumeric."
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"html#gnumeric-function-SSMEDIAN>`_ function in the Gnome Gnumeric "
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"spreadsheet, including `this discussion <https://mail.gnome.org/archives/"
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"gnumeric-list/2011-April/msg00018.html>`_."
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msgstr ""
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"La fonction `SSMEDIAN <https://help.gnome.org/users/gnumeric/stable/gnumeric."
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"html#gnumeric-function-SSMEDIAN>`_ du tableur Gnome Gnumeric ainsi que "
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"`cette discussion <https://mail.gnome.org/archives/gnumeric-list/2011-April/"
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"msg00018.html>`_."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:237
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msgid ""
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"Return the most common data point from discrete or nominal *data*. The mode "
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"(when it exists) is the most typical value, and is a robust measure of "
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"central location."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:241
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msgid ""
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"If *data* is empty, or if there is not exactly one most common value, :exc:"
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"`StatisticsError` is raised."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:244
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msgid ""
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"``mode`` assumes discrete data, and returns a single value. This is the "
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"standard treatment of the mode as commonly taught in schools:"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:252
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msgid ""
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"The mode is unique in that it is the only statistic which also applies to "
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"nominal (non-numeric) data:"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:263
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msgid ""
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"Return the population standard deviation (the square root of the population "
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"variance). See :func:`pvariance` for arguments and other details."
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msgstr ""
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"Renvoie l'écart-type de la population (racine carrée de la variance de la "
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"population). Voir :func:`pvariance` pour les arguments et d'autres "
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"précisions."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:274
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msgid ""
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"Return the population variance of *data*, a non-empty iterable of real-"
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"valued numbers. Variance, or second moment about the mean, is a measure of "
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"the variability (spread or dispersion) of data. A large variance indicates "
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"that the data is spread out; a small variance indicates it is clustered "
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"closely around the mean."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:280
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msgid ""
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"If the optional second argument *mu* is given, it should be the mean of "
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"*data*. If it is missing or ``None`` (the default), the mean is "
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"automatically calculated."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:284
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msgid ""
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"Use this function to calculate the variance from the entire population. To "
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"estimate the variance from a sample, the :func:`variance` function is "
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"usually a better choice."
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msgstr ""
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"Utilisez cette fonction pour calculer la variance sur une population "
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"complète. Pour estimer la variance à partir d'un échantillon, utilisez "
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"plutôt :func:`variance` à la place."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:288
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msgid "Raises :exc:`StatisticsError` if *data* is empty."
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msgstr "Lève une erreur :exc:`StatisticsError` si *data* est vide."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:290 ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:364
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msgid "Examples:"
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msgstr "Exemples : ::"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:298
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msgid ""
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"If you have already calculated the mean of your data, you can pass it as the "
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"optional second argument *mu* to avoid recalculation:"
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msgstr ""
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"Si vous connaissez la moyenne de vos données, il est possible de la passer "
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"comme argument optionnel *mu* lors de l'appel de fonction pour éviter de la "
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"calculer une nouvelle fois :"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:307
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msgid ""
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"This function does not attempt to verify that you have passed the actual "
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"mean as *mu*. Using arbitrary values for *mu* may lead to invalid or "
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"impossible results."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:311
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msgid "Decimals and Fractions are supported:"
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msgstr "La fonction gère les nombres décimaux et les fractions :"
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:325
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msgid ""
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"When called with the entire population, this gives the population variance "
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"σ². When called on a sample instead, this is the biased sample variance s², "
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"also known as variance with N degrees of freedom."
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msgstr ""
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"Cette fonction renvoie la variance de la population σ² lorsqu'elle est "
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"appliquée sur la population entière. Si elle est appliquée seulement sur un "
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"échantillon, le résultat est alors la variance de l'échantillon s² ou "
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"variance à N degrés de liberté."
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#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:329
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msgid ""
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"If you somehow know the true population mean μ, you may use this function to "
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"calculate the variance of a sample, giving the known population mean as the "
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"second argument. Provided the data points are representative (e.g. "
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"independent and identically distributed), the result will be an unbiased "
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"estimate of the population variance."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:338
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Return the sample standard deviation (the square root of the sample "
|
||
"variance). See :func:`variance` for arguments and other details."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Renvoie l'écart-type de l'échantillon (racine carrée de la variance de "
|
||
"l'échantillon). Voir :func:`variance` pour les arguments et plus de détails."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:349
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Return the sample variance of *data*, an iterable of at least two real-"
|
||
"valued numbers. Variance, or second moment about the mean, is a measure of "
|
||
"the variability (spread or dispersion) of data. A large variance indicates "
|
||
"that the data is spread out; a small variance indicates it is clustered "
|
||
"closely around the mean."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Renvoie la variance de l'échantillon *data*, un itérable d'au moins deux "
|
||
"valeurs réelles. La variance, ou moment de second ordre, est une mesure de "
|
||
"la variabilité (ou dispersion) des données. Une variance élevée indique que "
|
||
"les données sont très dispersées ; une variance faible indique que les "
|
||
"valeurs sont resserrées autour de la moyenne."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:355
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"If the optional second argument *xbar* is given, it should be the mean of "
|
||
"*data*. If it is missing or ``None`` (the default), the mean is "
|
||
"automatically calculated."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Si le second argument optionnel *xbar* est spécifié, celui-ci doit "
|
||
"correspondre à la moyenne de *data*. S'il n'est pas spécifié ou ``None`` "
|
||
"(par défaut), la moyenne est automatiquement calculée."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:359
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Use this function when your data is a sample from a population. To calculate "
|
||
"the variance from the entire population, see :func:`pvariance`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Utilisez cette fonction lorsque vos données forment un échantillon d'une "
|
||
"population plus grande. Pour calculer la variance d'une population complète, "
|
||
"utilisez :func:`pvariance`."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:362
|
||
msgid "Raises :exc:`StatisticsError` if *data* has fewer than two values."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Lève une erreur :exc:`StatisticsError` si *data* contient moins de deux "
|
||
"éléments."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:372
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"If you have already calculated the mean of your data, you can pass it as the "
|
||
"optional second argument *xbar* to avoid recalculation:"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Si vous connaissez la moyenne de vos données, il est possible de la passer "
|
||
"comme argument optionnel *xbar* lors de l'appel de fonction pour éviter de "
|
||
"la calculer une nouvelle fois :"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:381
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"This function does not attempt to verify that you have passed the actual "
|
||
"mean as *xbar*. Using arbitrary values for *xbar* can lead to invalid or "
|
||
"impossible results."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Cette fonction ne vérifie pas que la valeur passée dans l'argument *xbar* "
|
||
"correspond bien à la moyenne. Utiliser des valeurs arbitraires pour *xbar* "
|
||
"produit des résultats impossibles ou incorrects."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:385
|
||
msgid "Decimal and Fraction values are supported:"
|
||
msgstr "La fonction gère les nombres décimaux et les fractions :"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:399
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"This is the sample variance s² with Bessel's correction, also known as "
|
||
"variance with N-1 degrees of freedom. Provided that the data points are "
|
||
"representative (e.g. independent and identically distributed), the result "
|
||
"should be an unbiased estimate of the true population variance."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Cela correspond à la variance s² de l'échantillon avec correction de Bessel "
|
||
"(ou variance à N-1 degrés de liberté). En supposant que les observations "
|
||
"sont représentatives de la population (c'est-à-dire indépendantes et "
|
||
"identiquement distribuées), alors le résultat est une estimation non biaisée "
|
||
"de la variance."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:404
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"If you somehow know the actual population mean μ you should pass it to the :"
|
||
"func:`pvariance` function as the *mu* parameter to get the variance of a "
|
||
"sample."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Si vous connaissez d'avance la vraie moyenne μ de la population, vous "
|
||
"devriez la passer à :func:`pvariance` comme paramètre *mu* pour obtenir la "
|
||
"variance de l'échantillon."
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:409
|
||
msgid "Exceptions"
|
||
msgstr "Exceptions"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:411
|
||
msgid "A single exception is defined:"
|
||
msgstr "Une seule exception est définie :"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/library/statistics.rst:415
|
||
msgid "Subclass of :exc:`ValueError` for statistics-related exceptions."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
"Sous-classe de :exc:`ValueError` pour les exceptions liées aux statistiques."
|