# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 1990-2016, Python Software Foundation # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 2.7\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:44+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:2 msgid ":mod:`urllib` --- Open arbitrary resources by URL" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:8 msgid "" "The :mod:`urllib` module has been split into parts and renamed in Python 3 " "to :mod:`urllib.request`, :mod:`urllib.parse`, and :mod:`urllib.error`. The :" "term:`2to3` tool will automatically adapt imports when converting your " "sources to Python 3. Also note that the :func:`urllib.request.urlopen` " "function in Python 3 is equivalent to :func:`urllib2.urlopen` and that :func:" "`urllib.urlopen` has been removed." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:21 msgid "" "This module provides a high-level interface for fetching data across the " "World Wide Web. In particular, the :func:`urlopen` function is similar to " "the built-in function :func:`open`, but accepts Universal Resource Locators " "(URLs) instead of filenames. Some restrictions apply --- it can only open " "URLs for reading, and no seek operations are available." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:29 msgid "" "The `Requests package `_ is recommended " "for a higher-level HTTP client interface." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:32 msgid "" "When opening HTTPS URLs, it does not attempt to validate the server " "certificate. Use at your own risk!" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:37 msgid "High-level interface" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:41 msgid "" "Open a network object denoted by a URL for reading. If the URL does not " "have a scheme identifier, or if it has :file:`file:` as its scheme " "identifier, this opens a local file (without :term:`universal newlines`); " "otherwise it opens a socket to a server somewhere on the network. If the " "connection cannot be made the :exc:`IOError` exception is raised. If all " "went well, a file-like object is returned. This supports the following " "methods: :meth:`read`, :meth:`readline`, :meth:`readlines`, :meth:`fileno`, :" "meth:`close`, :meth:`info`, :meth:`getcode` and :meth:`geturl`. It also has " "proper support for the :term:`iterator` protocol. One caveat: the :meth:" "`read` method, if the size argument is omitted or negative, may not read " "until the end of the data stream; there is no good way to determine that the " "entire stream from a socket has been read in the general case." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:54 msgid "" "Except for the :meth:`info`, :meth:`getcode` and :meth:`geturl` methods, " "these methods have the same interface as for file objects --- see section :" "ref:`bltin-file-objects` in this manual. (It is not a built-in file object, " "however, so it can't be used at those few places where a true built-in file " "object is required.)" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:62 msgid "" "The :meth:`info` method returns an instance of the class :class:`mimetools." "Message` containing meta-information associated with the URL. When the " "method is HTTP, these headers are those returned by the server at the head " "of the retrieved HTML page (including Content-Length and Content-Type). " "When the method is FTP, a Content-Length header will be present if (as is " "now usual) the server passed back a file length in response to the FTP " "retrieval request. A Content-Type header will be present if the MIME type " "can be guessed. When the method is local-file, returned headers will " "include a Date representing the file's last-modified time, a Content-Length " "giving file size, and a Content-Type containing a guess at the file's type. " "See also the description of the :mod:`mimetools` module." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:74 msgid "" "The :meth:`geturl` method returns the real URL of the page. In some cases, " "the HTTP server redirects a client to another URL. The :func:`urlopen` " "function handles this transparently, but in some cases the caller needs to " "know which URL the client was redirected to. The :meth:`geturl` method can " "be used to get at this redirected URL." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:80 msgid "" "The :meth:`getcode` method returns the HTTP status code that was sent with " "the response, or ``None`` if the URL is no HTTP URL." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:83 msgid "" "If the *url* uses the :file:`http:` scheme identifier, the optional *data* " "argument may be given to specify a ``POST`` request (normally the request " "type is ``GET``). The *data* argument must be in standard :mimetype:" "`application/x-www-form-urlencoded` format; see the :func:`urlencode` " "function below." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:89 msgid "" "The :func:`urlopen` function works transparently with proxies which do not " "require authentication. In a Unix or Windows environment, set the :envvar:" "`http_proxy`, or :envvar:`ftp_proxy` environment variables to a URL that " "identifies the proxy server before starting the Python interpreter. For " "example (the ``'%'`` is the command prompt)::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:100 msgid "" "The :envvar:`no_proxy` environment variable can be used to specify hosts " "which shouldn't be reached via proxy; if set, it should be a comma-separated " "list of hostname suffixes, optionally with ``:port`` appended, for example " "``cern.ch,ncsa.uiuc.edu,some.host:8080``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:105 msgid "" "In a Windows environment, if no proxy environment variables are set, proxy " "settings are obtained from the registry's Internet Settings section." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:110 msgid "" "In a Mac OS X environment, :func:`urlopen` will retrieve proxy information " "from the OS X System Configuration Framework, which can be managed with " "Network System Preferences panel." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:115 msgid "" "Alternatively, the optional *proxies* argument may be used to explicitly " "specify proxies. It must be a dictionary mapping scheme names to proxy " "URLs, where an empty dictionary causes no proxies to be used, and ``None`` " "(the default value) causes environmental proxy settings to be used as " "discussed above. For example::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:130 msgid "" "Proxies which require authentication for use are not currently supported; " "this is considered an implementation limitation." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:133 msgid "" "The *context* parameter may be set to a :class:`ssl.SSLContext` instance to " "configure the SSL settings that are used if :func:`urlopen` makes a HTTPS " "connection." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:137 msgid "Added the *proxies* support." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:140 msgid "" "Added :meth:`getcode` to returned object and support for the :envvar:" "`no_proxy` environment variable." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:144 msgid "The *context* parameter was added." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:147 msgid "" "The :func:`urlopen` function has been removed in Python 3 in favor of :func:" "`urllib2.urlopen`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:154 msgid "" "Copy a network object denoted by a URL to a local file, if necessary. If the " "URL points to a local file, or a valid cached copy of the object exists, the " "object is not copied. Return a tuple ``(filename, headers)`` where " "*filename* is the local file name under which the object can be found, and " "*headers* is whatever the :meth:`info` method of the object returned by :" "func:`urlopen` returned (for a remote object, possibly cached). Exceptions " "are the same as for :func:`urlopen`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:162 msgid "" "The second argument, if present, specifies the file location to copy to (if " "absent, the location will be a tempfile with a generated name). The third " "argument, if present, is a hook function that will be called once on " "establishment of the network connection and once after each block read " "thereafter. The hook will be passed three arguments; a count of blocks " "transferred so far, a block size in bytes, and the total size of the file. " "The third argument may be ``-1`` on older FTP servers which do not return a " "file size in response to a retrieval request." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:171 ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:375 msgid "" "If the *url* uses the :file:`http:` scheme identifier, the optional *data* " "argument may be given to specify a ``POST`` request (normally the request " "type is ``GET``). The *data* argument must in standard :mimetype:" "`application/x-www-form-urlencoded` format; see the :func:`urlencode` " "function below." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:177 msgid "" ":func:`urlretrieve` will raise :exc:`ContentTooShortError` when it detects " "that the amount of data available was less than the expected amount (which " "is the size reported by a *Content-Length* header). This can occur, for " "example, when the download is interrupted." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:183 msgid "" "The *Content-Length* is treated as a lower bound: if there's more data to " "read, :func:`urlretrieve` reads more data, but if less data is available, " "it raises the exception." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:187 msgid "" "You can still retrieve the downloaded data in this case, it is stored in " "the :attr:`content` attribute of the exception instance." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:190 msgid "" "If no *Content-Length* header was supplied, :func:`urlretrieve` can not " "check the size of the data it has downloaded, and just returns it. In this " "case you just have to assume that the download was successful." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:197 msgid "" "The public functions :func:`urlopen` and :func:`urlretrieve` create an " "instance of the :class:`FancyURLopener` class and use it to perform their " "requested actions. To override this functionality, programmers can create a " "subclass of :class:`URLopener` or :class:`FancyURLopener`, then assign an " "instance of that class to the ``urllib._urlopener`` variable before calling " "the desired function. For example, applications may want to specify a " "different :mailheader:`User-Agent` header than :class:`URLopener` defines. " "This can be accomplished with the following code::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:216 msgid "" "Clear the cache that may have been built up by previous calls to :func:" "`urlretrieve`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:221 msgid "Utility functions" msgstr "Fonctions utilitaires" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:225 msgid "" "Replace special characters in *string* using the ``%xx`` escape. Letters, " "digits, and the characters ``'_.-'`` are never quoted. By default, this " "function is intended for quoting the path section of the URL. The optional " "*safe* parameter specifies additional characters that should not be quoted " "--- its default value is ``'/'``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:231 msgid "Example: ``quote('/~connolly/')`` yields ``'/%7econnolly/'``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:236 msgid "" "Like :func:`quote`, but also replaces spaces by plus signs, as required for " "quoting HTML form values when building up a query string to go into a URL. " "Plus signs in the original string are escaped unless they are included in " "*safe*. It also does not have *safe* default to ``'/'``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:244 msgid "Replace ``%xx`` escapes by their single-character equivalent." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:246 msgid "Example: ``unquote('/%7Econnolly/')`` yields ``'/~connolly/'``." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:251 msgid "" "Like :func:`unquote`, but also replaces plus signs by spaces, as required " "for unquoting HTML form values." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:257 msgid "" "Convert a mapping object or a sequence of two-element tuples to a \"percent-" "encoded\" string, suitable to pass to :func:`urlopen` above as the optional " "*data* argument. This is useful to pass a dictionary of form fields to a " "``POST`` request. The resulting string is a series of ``key=value`` pairs " "separated by ``'&'`` characters, where both *key* and *value* are quoted " "using :func:`quote_plus` above. When a sequence of two-element tuples is " "used as the *query* argument, the first element of each tuple is a key and " "the second is a value. The value element in itself can be a sequence and in " "that case, if the optional parameter *doseq* is evaluates to ``True``, " "individual ``key=value`` pairs separated by ``'&'`` are generated for each " "element of the value sequence for the key. The order of parameters in the " "encoded string will match the order of parameter tuples in the sequence. " "The :mod:`urlparse` module provides the functions :func:`parse_qs` and :func:" "`parse_qsl` which are used to parse query strings into Python data " "structures." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:276 msgid "" "Convert the pathname *path* from the local syntax for a path to the form " "used in the path component of a URL. This does not produce a complete URL. " "The return value will already be quoted using the :func:`quote` function." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:283 msgid "" "Convert the path component *path* from a percent-encoded URL to the local " "syntax for a path. This does not accept a complete URL. This function " "uses :func:`unquote` to decode *path*." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:290 msgid "" "This helper function returns a dictionary of scheme to proxy server URL " "mappings. It scans the environment for variables named ``_proxy``, " "in case insensitive way, for all operating systems first, and when it cannot " "find it, looks for proxy information from Mac OSX System Configuration for " "Mac OS X and Windows Systems Registry for Windows. If both lowercase and " "uppercase environment variables exist (and disagree), lowercase is preferred." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:300 msgid "" "If the environment variable ``REQUEST_METHOD`` is set, which usually " "indicates your script is running in a CGI environment, the environment " "variable ``HTTP_PROXY`` (uppercase ``_PROXY``) will be ignored. This is " "because that variable can be injected by a client using the \"Proxy:\" HTTP " "header. If you need to use an HTTP proxy in a CGI environment, either use " "``ProxyHandler`` explicitly, or make sure the variable name is in lowercase " "(or at least the ``_proxy`` suffix)." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:309 msgid "" "urllib also exposes certain utility functions like splittype, splithost and " "others parsing URL into various components. But it is recommended to use :" "mod:`urlparse` for parsing URLs rather than using these functions directly. " "Python 3 does not expose these helper functions from :mod:`urllib.parse` " "module." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:317 msgid "URL Opener objects" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:321 msgid "" "Base class for opening and reading URLs. Unless you need to support opening " "objects using schemes other than :file:`http:`, :file:`ftp:`, or :file:`file:" "`, you probably want to use :class:`FancyURLopener`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:325 msgid "" "By default, the :class:`URLopener` class sends a :mailheader:`User-Agent` " "header of ``urllib/VVV``, where *VVV* is the :mod:`urllib` version number. " "Applications can define their own :mailheader:`User-Agent` header by " "subclassing :class:`URLopener` or :class:`FancyURLopener` and setting the " "class attribute :attr:`version` to an appropriate string value in the " "subclass definition." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:331 msgid "" "The optional *proxies* parameter should be a dictionary mapping scheme names " "to proxy URLs, where an empty dictionary turns proxies off completely. Its " "default value is ``None``, in which case environmental proxy settings will " "be used if present, as discussed in the definition of :func:`urlopen`, above." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:336 msgid "" "The *context* parameter may be a :class:`ssl.SSLContext` instance. If " "given, it defines the SSL settings the opener uses to make HTTPS connections." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:339 msgid "" "Additional keyword parameters, collected in *x509*, may be used for " "authentication of the client when using the :file:`https:` scheme. The " "keywords *key_file* and *cert_file* are supported to provide an SSL key and " "certificate; both are needed to support client authentication." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:344 msgid "" ":class:`URLopener` objects will raise an :exc:`IOError` exception if the " "server returns an error code." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:349 msgid "" "Open *fullurl* using the appropriate protocol. This method sets up cache " "and proxy information, then calls the appropriate open method with its input " "arguments. If the scheme is not recognized, :meth:`open_unknown` is called. " "The *data* argument has the same meaning as the *data* argument of :func:" "`urlopen`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:358 msgid "Overridable interface to open unknown URL types." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:363 msgid "" "Retrieves the contents of *url* and places it in *filename*. The return " "value is a tuple consisting of a local filename and either a :class:" "`mimetools.Message` object containing the response headers (for remote URLs) " "or ``None`` (for local URLs). The caller must then open and read the " "contents of *filename*. If *filename* is not given and the URL refers to a " "local file, the input filename is returned. If the URL is non-local and " "*filename* is not given, the filename is the output of :func:`tempfile." "mktemp` with a suffix that matches the suffix of the last path component of " "the input URL. If *reporthook* is given, it must be a function accepting " "three numeric parameters. It will be called after each chunk of data is " "read from the network. *reporthook* is ignored for local URLs." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:384 msgid "" "Variable that specifies the user agent of the opener object. To get :mod:" "`urllib` to tell servers that it is a particular user agent, set this in a " "subclass as a class variable or in the constructor before calling the base " "constructor." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:392 msgid "" ":class:`FancyURLopener` subclasses :class:`URLopener` providing default " "handling for the following HTTP response codes: 301, 302, 303, 307 and 401. " "For the 30x response codes listed above, the :mailheader:`Location` header " "is used to fetch the actual URL. For 401 response codes (authentication " "required), basic HTTP authentication is performed. For the 30x response " "codes, recursion is bounded by the value of the *maxtries* attribute, which " "defaults to 10." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:399 msgid "" "For all other response codes, the method :meth:`http_error_default` is " "called which you can override in subclasses to handle the error " "appropriately." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:404 msgid "" "According to the letter of :rfc:`2616`, 301 and 302 responses to POST " "requests must not be automatically redirected without confirmation by the " "user. In reality, browsers do allow automatic redirection of these " "responses, changing the POST to a GET, and :mod:`urllib` reproduces this " "behaviour." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:409 msgid "" "The parameters to the constructor are the same as those for :class:" "`URLopener`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:413 msgid "" "When performing basic authentication, a :class:`FancyURLopener` instance " "calls its :meth:`prompt_user_passwd` method. The default implementation " "asks the users for the required information on the controlling terminal. A " "subclass may override this method to support more appropriate behavior if " "needed." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:418 msgid "" "The :class:`FancyURLopener` class offers one additional method that should " "be overloaded to provide the appropriate behavior:" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:423 msgid "" "Return information needed to authenticate the user at the given host in the " "specified security realm. The return value should be a tuple, ``(user, " "password)``, which can be used for basic authentication." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:427 msgid "" "The implementation prompts for this information on the terminal; an " "application should override this method to use an appropriate interaction " "model in the local environment." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:433 msgid "" "This exception is raised when the :func:`urlretrieve` function detects that " "the amount of the downloaded data is less than the expected amount (given " "by the *Content-Length* header). The :attr:`content` attribute stores the " "downloaded (and supposedly truncated) data." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:442 msgid ":mod:`urllib` Restrictions" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:448 msgid "" "Currently, only the following protocols are supported: HTTP, (versions 0.9 " "and 1.0), FTP, and local files." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:451 msgid "" "The caching feature of :func:`urlretrieve` has been disabled until I find " "the time to hack proper processing of Expiration time headers." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:454 msgid "" "There should be a function to query whether a particular URL is in the cache." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:456 msgid "" "For backward compatibility, if a URL appears to point to a local file but " "the file can't be opened, the URL is re-interpreted using the FTP protocol. " "This can sometimes cause confusing error messages." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:460 msgid "" "The :func:`urlopen` and :func:`urlretrieve` functions can cause arbitrarily " "long delays while waiting for a network connection to be set up. This means " "that it is difficult to build an interactive Web client using these " "functions without using threads." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:470 msgid "" "The data returned by :func:`urlopen` or :func:`urlretrieve` is the raw data " "returned by the server. This may be binary data (such as an image), plain " "text or (for example) HTML. The HTTP protocol provides type information in " "the reply header, which can be inspected by looking at the :mailheader:" "`Content-Type` header. If the returned data is HTML, you can use the " "module :mod:`htmllib` to parse it." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:479 msgid "" "The code handling the FTP protocol cannot differentiate between a file and a " "directory. This can lead to unexpected behavior when attempting to read a " "URL that points to a file that is not accessible. If the URL ends in a ``/" "``, it is assumed to refer to a directory and will be handled accordingly. " "But if an attempt to read a file leads to a 550 error (meaning the URL " "cannot be found or is not accessible, often for permission reasons), then " "the path is treated as a directory in order to handle the case when a " "directory is specified by a URL but the trailing ``/`` has been left off. " "This can cause misleading results when you try to fetch a file whose read " "permissions make it inaccessible; the FTP code will try to read it, fail " "with a 550 error, and then perform a directory listing for the unreadable " "file. If fine-grained control is needed, consider using the :mod:`ftplib` " "module, subclassing :class:`FancyURLopener`, or changing *_urlopener* to " "meet your needs." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:493 msgid "" "This module does not support the use of proxies which require " "authentication. This may be implemented in the future." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:498 msgid "" "Although the :mod:`urllib` module contains (undocumented) routines to parse " "and unparse URL strings, the recommended interface for URL manipulation is " "in module :mod:`urlparse`." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:506 msgid "Examples" msgstr "Exemples" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:508 msgid "" "Here is an example session that uses the ``GET`` method to retrieve a URL " "containing parameters::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:516 msgid "The following example uses the ``POST`` method instead::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:523 msgid "" "The following example uses an explicitly specified HTTP proxy, overriding " "environment settings::" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:532 msgid "" "The following example uses no proxies at all, overriding environment " "settings::" msgstr ""