forked from AFPy/python-docs-fr
2468 lines
83 KiB
Plaintext
2468 lines
83 KiB
Plaintext
# Copyright (C) 2001-2018, Python Software Foundation
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# For licence information, see README file.
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#
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.8\n"
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"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-09-04 11:33+0200\n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-09-04 11:41+0200\n"
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"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
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"Language-Team: FRENCH <traductions@lists.afpy.org>\n"
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"Language: fr\n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:3
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msgid "What's New In Python 3.8"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:0
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msgid "Editor"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:45
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msgid "Raymond Hettinger"
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msgstr "Raymond Hettinger"
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:47
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msgid ""
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"This article explains the new features in Python 3.8, compared to 3.7. For "
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"full details, see the :ref:`changelog <changelog>`."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:50
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msgid ""
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"Prerelease users should be aware that this document is currently in draft "
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"form. It will be updated as Python 3.8 moves towards release, so it's worth "
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"checking back even after reading earlier versions. Some notable items not "
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"yet covered are:"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:55
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msgid ":pep:`578` - Runtime audit hooks for potentially sensitive operations"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:56
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msgid "``python -m asyncio`` runs a natively async REPL"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:68
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msgid "Summary -- Release highlights"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:79
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msgid "New Features"
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msgstr "Nouvelles fonctionnalités"
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:82
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msgid "Assignment expressions"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:84
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msgid ""
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"There is new syntax ``:=`` that assigns values to variables as part of a "
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"larger expression. It is affectionately known as \"walrus operator\" due to "
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"its resemblance to `the eyes and tusks of a walrus <https://en.wikipedia.org/"
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"wiki/Walrus#/media/File:Pacific_Walrus_-_Bull_(8247646168).jpg>`_."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:89
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msgid ""
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"In this example, the assignment expression helps avoid calling :func:`len` "
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"twice::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:95
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msgid ""
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"A similar benefit arises during regular expression matching where match "
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"objects are needed twice, once to test whether a match occurred and another "
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"to extract a subgroup::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:103
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msgid ""
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"The operator is also useful with while-loops that compute a value to test "
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"loop termination and then need that same value again in the body of the "
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"loop::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:111
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msgid ""
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"Another motivating use case arises in list comprehensions where a value "
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"computed in a filtering condition is also needed in the expression body::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:118
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msgid ""
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"Try to limit use of the walrus operator to clean cases that reduce "
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"complexity and improve readability."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:121
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msgid "See :pep:`572` for a full description."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:123
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msgid "(Contributed by Emily Morehouse in :issue:`35224`.)"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:129
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msgid "Positional-only parameters"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:131
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msgid ""
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"There is a new function parameter syntax ``/`` to indicate that some "
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"function parameters must be specified positionally and cannot be used as "
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"keyword arguments. This is the same notation shown by ``help()`` for C "
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"functions annotated with Larry Hastings' `Argument Clinic <https://docs."
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"python.org/3/howto/clinic.html>`_ tool."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:137
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msgid ""
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"In the following example, parameters *a* and *b* are positional-only, while "
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"*c* or *d* can be positional or keyword, and *e* or *f* are required to be "
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"keywords::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:144
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msgid "The following is a valid call::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:148
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msgid "However, these are invalid calls::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:153
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msgid ""
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"One use case for this notation is that it allows pure Python functions to "
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"fully emulate behaviors of existing C coded functions. For example, the "
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"built-in :func:`pow` function does not accept keyword arguments::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:162
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msgid ""
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"Another use case is to preclude keyword arguments when the parameter name is "
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"not helpful. For example, the builtin :func:`len` function has the "
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"signature ``len(obj, /)``. This precludes awkward calls such as::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:168
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msgid ""
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"A further benefit of marking a parameter as positional-only is that it "
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"allows the parameter name to be changed in the future without risk of "
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"breaking client code. For example, in the :mod:`statistics` module, the "
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"parameter name *dist* may be changed in the future. This was made possible "
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"with the following function specification::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:177
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msgid ""
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"Since the parameters to the left of ``/`` are not exposed as possible "
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"keywords, the parameters names remain available for use in ``**kwargs``::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:186
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msgid ""
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"This greatly simplifies the implementation of functions and methods that "
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"need to accept arbitrary keyword arguments. For example, here is an except "
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"from code in the :mod:`collections` module::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:195
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msgid "See :pep:`570` for a full description."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:197
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msgid "(Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`36540`.)"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:203
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msgid "Parallel filesystem cache for compiled bytecode files"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:205
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msgid ""
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"The new :envvar:`PYTHONPYCACHEPREFIX` setting (also available as :option:`-"
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"X` ``pycache_prefix``) configures the implicit bytecode cache to use a "
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"separate parallel filesystem tree, rather than the default ``__pycache__`` "
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"subdirectories within each source directory."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:211
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msgid ""
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"The location of the cache is reported in :data:`sys.pycache_prefix` (:const:"
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"`None` indicates the default location in ``__pycache__`` subdirectories)."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:215
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msgid "(Contributed by Carl Meyer in :issue:`33499`.)"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:218
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msgid "Debug build uses the same ABI as release build"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:220
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msgid ""
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"Python now uses the same ABI whether it built in release or debug mode. On "
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"Unix, when Python is built in debug mode, it is now possible to load C "
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"extensions built in release mode and C extensions built using the stable ABI."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:224
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msgid ""
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"Release builds and debug builds are now ABI compatible: defining the "
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"``Py_DEBUG`` macro no longer implies the ``Py_TRACE_REFS`` macro, which "
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"introduces the only ABI incompatibility. The ``Py_TRACE_REFS`` macro, which "
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"adds the :func:`sys.getobjects` function and the :envvar:`PYTHONDUMPREFS` "
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"environment variable, can be set using the new ``./configure --with-trace-"
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"refs`` build option. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36465`.)"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:232
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msgid ""
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"On Unix, C extensions are no longer linked to libpython except on Android "
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"and Cygwin. It is now possible for a statically linked Python to load a C "
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"extension built using a shared library Python. (Contributed by Victor "
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"Stinner in :issue:`21536`.)"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:239
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msgid ""
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"On Unix, when Python is built in debug mode, import now also looks for C "
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"extensions compiled in release mode and for C extensions compiled with the "
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"stable ABI. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36722`.)"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:244
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msgid ""
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"To embed Python into an application, a new ``--embed`` option must be passed "
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"to ``python3-config --libs --embed`` to get ``-lpython3.8`` (link the "
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"application to libpython). To support both 3.8 and older, try ``python3-"
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"config --libs --embed`` first and fallback to ``python3-config --libs`` "
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"(without ``--embed``) if the previous command fails."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:250
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msgid ""
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"Add a pkg-config ``python-3.8-embed`` module to embed Python into an "
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"application: ``pkg-config python-3.8-embed --libs`` includes ``-"
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"lpython3.8``. To support both 3.8 and older, try ``pkg-config python-X.Y-"
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"embed --libs`` first and fallback to ``pkg-config python-X.Y --libs`` "
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"(without ``--embed``) if the previous command fails (replace ``X.Y`` with "
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"the Python version)."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:256
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msgid ""
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"On the other hand, ``pkg-config python3.8 --libs`` no longer contains ``-"
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"lpython3.8``. C extensions must not be linked to libpython (except on "
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"Android and Cygwin, whose cases are handled by the script); this change is "
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"backward incompatible on purpose. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:"
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"`36721`.)"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:264
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msgid "f-strings support ``=`` for self-documenting expressions and debugging"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:266
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msgid ""
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"Added an ``=`` specifier to :term:`f-string`\\s. An f-string such as "
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"``f'{expr=}'`` will expand to the text of the expression, an equal sign, "
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"then the representation of the evaluated expression. For example:"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:275
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msgid ""
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"The usual :ref:`f-string format specifiers <f-strings>` allow more control "
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"over how the result of the expression is displayed::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:282
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msgid ""
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"The ``=`` specifier will display the whole expression so that calculations "
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"can be shown::"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:288
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msgid "(Contributed by Eric V. Smith and Larry Hastings in :issue:`36817`.)"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:291
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msgid "PEP 587: Python Initialization Configuration"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:293
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msgid ""
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"The :pep:`587` adds a new C API to configure the Python Initialization "
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"providing finer control on the whole configuration and better error "
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"reporting."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:296
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msgid "New structures:"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:298
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msgid ":c:type:`PyConfig`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:299
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msgid ":c:type:`PyPreConfig`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:300
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msgid ":c:type:`PyStatus`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:301
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msgid ":c:type:`PyWideStringList`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:303
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msgid "New functions:"
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msgstr "Nouvelles fonctions :"
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:305
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msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_Clear`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:306
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msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:307
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msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_InitPythonConfig`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:308
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msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_Read`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:309
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msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetArgv`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:310
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msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetBytesArgv`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:311
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msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetBytesString`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:312
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msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetString`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:313
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msgid ":c:func:`PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:314
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msgid ":c:func:`PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:315
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msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_Error`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:316
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msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_Exception`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:317
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msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_Exit`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:318
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msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_IsError`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:319
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msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_IsExit`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:320
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msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_NoMemory`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:321
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msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_Ok`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:322
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msgid ":c:func:`PyWideStringList_Append`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:323
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msgid ":c:func:`PyWideStringList_Insert`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:324
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msgid ":c:func:`Py_BytesMain`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:325
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msgid ":c:func:`Py_ExitStatusException`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:326
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msgid ":c:func:`Py_InitializeFromConfig`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:327
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msgid ":c:func:`Py_PreInitialize`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:328
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msgid ":c:func:`Py_PreInitializeFromArgs`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:329
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msgid ":c:func:`Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:330
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msgid ":c:func:`Py_RunMain`"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:332
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msgid ""
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"This PEP also adds ``_PyRuntimeState.preconfig`` (:c:type:`PyPreConfig` "
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"type) and ``PyInterpreterState.config`` (:c:type:`PyConfig` type) fields to "
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"these internal structures. ``PyInterpreterState.config`` becomes the new "
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"reference configuration, replacing global configuration variables and other "
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"private variables."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:338
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msgid ""
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"See :ref:`Python Initialization Configuration <init-config>` for the "
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"documentation."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:341
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msgid "See :pep:`587` for a full description."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:343
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msgid "(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36763`.)"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:347
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msgid "Vectorcall: a fast calling protocol for CPython"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:349
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msgid ""
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"The \"vectorcall\" protocol is added to the Python/C API. It is meant to "
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"formalize existing optimizations which were already done for various "
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"classes. Any extension type implementing a callable can use this protocol."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:354
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msgid ""
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"This is currently provisional, the aim is to make it fully public in Python "
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"3.9."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:357
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msgid "See :pep:`590` for a full description."
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:359
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msgid "(Contributed by Jeroen Demeyer and Mark Shannon in :issue:`36974`.)"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:363
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msgid "Pickle protocol 5 with out-of-band data buffers"
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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:365
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msgid ""
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"When :mod:`pickle` is used to transfer large data between Python processes "
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"in order to take advantage of multi-core or multi-machine processing, it is "
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"important to optimize the transfer by reducing memory copies, and possibly "
|
||
"by applying custom techniques such as data-dependent compression."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:370
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :mod:`pickle` protocol 5 introduces support for out-of-band buffers "
|
||
"where :pep:`3118`-compatible data can be transmitted separately from the "
|
||
"main pickle stream, at the discretion of the communication layer."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:374
|
||
msgid "See :pep:`574` for a full description."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:376
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`36785`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:380
|
||
msgid "Other Language Changes"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:382
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A :keyword:`continue` statement was illegal in the :keyword:`finally` clause "
|
||
"due to a problem with the implementation. In Python 3.8 this restriction "
|
||
"was lifted. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`32489`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:387
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :class:`bool`, :class:`int`, and :class:`fractions.Fraction` types now "
|
||
"have an :meth:`~int.as_integer_ratio` method like that found in :class:"
|
||
"`float` and :class:`decimal.Decimal`. This minor API extension makes it "
|
||
"possible to write ``numerator, denominator = x.as_integer_ratio()`` and have "
|
||
"it work across multiple numeric types. (Contributed by Lisa Roach in :issue:"
|
||
"`33073` and Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`37819`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:395
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Constructors of :class:`int`, :class:`float` and :class:`complex` will now "
|
||
"use the :meth:`~object.__index__` special method, if available and the "
|
||
"corresponding method :meth:`~object.__int__`, :meth:`~object.__float__` or :"
|
||
"meth:`~object.__complex__` is not available. (Contributed by Serhiy "
|
||
"Storchaka in :issue:`20092`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:401
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added support of ``\\N{name}`` escapes in :mod:`regular expressions <re>`::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:408
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"(Contributed by Jonathan Eunice and Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`30688`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:410
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Dict and dictviews are now iterable in reversed insertion order using :func:"
|
||
"`reversed`. (Contributed by Rémi Lapeyre in :issue:`33462`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:413
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The syntax allowed for keyword names in function calls was further "
|
||
"restricted. In particular, ``f((keyword)=arg)`` is no longer allowed. It was "
|
||
"never intended to permit more than a bare name on the left-hand side of a "
|
||
"keyword argument assignment term. See :issue:`34641`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:418
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Generalized iterable unpacking in :keyword:`yield` and :keyword:`return` "
|
||
"statements no longer requires enclosing parentheses. This brings the *yield* "
|
||
"and *return* syntax into better agreement with normal assignment syntax::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:431
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by David Cuthbert and Jordan Chapman in :issue:`32117`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:433
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"When a comma is missed in code such as ``[(10, 20) (30, 40)]``, the compiler "
|
||
"displays a :exc:`SyntaxWarning` with a helpful suggestion. This improves on "
|
||
"just having a :exc:`TypeError` indicating that the first tuple was not "
|
||
"callable. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`15248`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:439
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Arithmetic operations between subclasses of :class:`datetime.date` or :class:"
|
||
"`datetime.datetime` and :class:`datetime.timedelta` objects now return an "
|
||
"instance of the subclass, rather than the base class. This also affects the "
|
||
"return type of operations whose implementation (directly or indirectly) "
|
||
"uses :class:`datetime.timedelta` arithmetic, such as :meth:`datetime."
|
||
"datetime.astimezone`. (Contributed by Paul Ganssle in :issue:`32417`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:447
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"When the Python interpreter is interrupted by Ctrl-C (SIGINT) and the "
|
||
"resulting :exc:`KeyboardInterrupt` exception is not caught, the Python "
|
||
"process now exits via a SIGINT signal or with the correct exit code such "
|
||
"that the calling process can detect that it died due to a Ctrl-C. Shells on "
|
||
"POSIX and Windows use this to properly terminate scripts in interactive "
|
||
"sessions. (Contributed by Google via Gregory P. Smith in :issue:`1054041`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:454
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Some advanced styles of programming require updating the :class:`types."
|
||
"CodeType` object for an existing function. Since code objects are "
|
||
"immutable, a new code object needs to be created, one that is modeled on the "
|
||
"existing code object. With 19 parameters, this was somewhat tedious. Now, "
|
||
"the new ``replace()`` method makes it possible to create a clone with a few "
|
||
"altered parameters."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:461
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Here's an example that alters the :func:`statistics.mean` function to "
|
||
"prevent the *data* parameter from being used as a keyword argument::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:473
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`37032`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:475
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"For integers, the three-argument form of the :func:`pow` function now "
|
||
"permits the exponent to be negative in the case where the base is relatively "
|
||
"prime to the modulus. It then computes a modular inverse to the base when "
|
||
"the exponent is ``-1``, and a suitable power of that inverse for other "
|
||
"negative exponents. For example, to compute the `modular multiplicative "
|
||
"inverse <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_multiplicative_inverse>`_ of "
|
||
"38 modulo 137, write::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:489
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Modular inverses arise in the solution of `linear Diophantine equations "
|
||
"<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diophantine_equation>`_. For example, to find "
|
||
"integer solutions for ``4258𝑥 + 147𝑦 = 369``, first rewrite as ``4258𝑥 ≡ 369 "
|
||
"(mod 147)`` then solve:"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:499
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Mark Dickinson in :issue:`36027`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:501
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Dict comprehensions have been synced-up with dict literals so that the key "
|
||
"is computed first and the value second::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:516
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The guaranteed execution order is helpful with assignment expressions "
|
||
"because variables assigned in the key expression will be available in the "
|
||
"value expression::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:528
|
||
msgid "New Modules"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:530
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The new :mod:`importlib.metadata` module provides (provisional) support for "
|
||
"reading metadata from third-party packages. For example, it can extract an "
|
||
"installed package's version number, list of entry points, and more::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:549
|
||
msgid "(Contributed in :issue:`34632` by Barry Warsaw and Jason R. Coombs.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:553
|
||
msgid "Improved Modules"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:557
|
||
msgid "ast"
|
||
msgstr "ast"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:559
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"AST nodes now have ``end_lineno`` and ``end_col_offset`` attributes, which "
|
||
"give the precise location of the end of the node. (This only applies to "
|
||
"nodes that have ``lineno`` and ``col_offset`` attributes.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:563
|
||
msgid "The :func:`ast.parse` function has some new flags:"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:565
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"``type_comments=True`` causes it to return the text of :pep:`484` and :pep:"
|
||
"`526` type comments associated with certain AST nodes;"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:568
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"``mode='func_type'`` can be used to parse :pep:`484` \"signature type "
|
||
"comments\" (returned for function definition AST nodes);"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:571
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"``feature_version=(3, N)`` allows specifying an earlier Python 3 version. "
|
||
"(For example, ``feature_version=(3, 4)`` will treat ``async`` and ``await`` "
|
||
"as non-reserved words.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:575
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"New function :func:`ast.get_source_segment` returns the source code for a "
|
||
"specific AST node."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:580
|
||
msgid "asyncio"
|
||
msgstr "asyncio"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:582
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"On Windows, the default event loop is now :class:`~asyncio."
|
||
"ProactorEventLoop`. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`34687`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:585
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":class:`~asyncio.ProactorEventLoop` now also supports UDP. (Contributed by "
|
||
"Adam Meily and Andrew Svetlov in :issue:`29883`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:588
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":class:`~asyncio.ProactorEventLoop` can now be interrupted by :exc:"
|
||
"`KeyboardInterrupt` (\"CTRL+C\"). (Contributed by Vladimir Matveev in :issue:"
|
||
"`23057`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:594
|
||
msgid "builtins"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:596
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :func:`compile` built-in has been improved to accept the ``ast."
|
||
"PyCF_ALLOW_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT`` flag. With this new flag passed, :func:"
|
||
"`compile` will allow top-level ``await``, ``async for`` and ``async with`` "
|
||
"constructs that are usually considered invalid syntax. Asynchronous code "
|
||
"object marked with the ``CO_COROUTINE`` flag may then be returned."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:602
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier in :issue:`34616`)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:605
|
||
msgid "collections"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:607
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :meth:`_asdict()` method for :func:`collections.namedtuple` now returns "
|
||
"a :class:`dict` instead of a :class:`collections.OrderedDict`. This works "
|
||
"because regular dicts have guaranteed ordering since Python 3.7. If the "
|
||
"extra features of :class:`OrderedDict` are required, the suggested "
|
||
"remediation is to cast the result to the desired type: ``OrderedDict(nt."
|
||
"_asdict())``. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`35864`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:616
|
||
msgid "ctypes"
|
||
msgstr "ctypes"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:618
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"On Windows, :class:`~ctypes.CDLL` and subclasses now accept a *winmode* "
|
||
"parameter to specify flags for the underlying ``LoadLibraryEx`` call. The "
|
||
"default flags are set to only load DLL dependencies from trusted locations, "
|
||
"including the path where the DLL is stored (if a full or partial path is "
|
||
"used to load the initial DLL) and paths added by :func:`~os."
|
||
"add_dll_directory`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:626
|
||
msgid "functools"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:628
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`functools.lru_cache` can now be used as a straight decorator rather "
|
||
"than as a function returning a decorator. So both of these are now "
|
||
"supported::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:639
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`36772`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:643
|
||
msgid "datetime"
|
||
msgstr "datetime"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:645
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added new alternate constructors :meth:`datetime.date.fromisocalendar` and :"
|
||
"meth:`datetime.datetime.fromisocalendar`, which construct :class:`date` and :"
|
||
"class:`datetime` objects respectively from ISO year, week number and "
|
||
"weekday; these are the inverse of each class's ``isocalendar`` method. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Paul Ganssle in :issue:`36004`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:653
|
||
msgid "gettext"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:655
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added :func:`~gettext.pgettext` and its variants. (Contributed by Franz "
|
||
"Glasner, Éric Araujo, and Cheryl Sabella in :issue:`2504`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:660 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:730
|
||
msgid "idlelib and IDLE"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:662 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:737
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Output over N lines (50 by default) is squeezed down to a button. N can be "
|
||
"changed in the PyShell section of the General page of the Settings dialog. "
|
||
"Fewer, but possibly extra long, lines can be squeezed by right clicking on "
|
||
"the output. Squeezed output can be expanded in place by double-clicking the "
|
||
"button or into the clipboard or a separate window by right-clicking the "
|
||
"button. (Contributed by Tal Einat in :issue:`1529353`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:669
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Add \"Run Customized\" to the Run menu to run a module with customized "
|
||
"settings. Any command line arguments entered are added to sys.argv. They "
|
||
"also re-appear in the box for the next customized run. One can also "
|
||
"suppress the normal Shell main module restart. (Contributed by Cheryl "
|
||
"Sabella, Terry Jan Reedy, and others in :issue:`5680` and :issue:`37627`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:675
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Add optional line numbers for IDLE editor windows. Windows open without line "
|
||
"numbers unless set otherwise in the General tab of the configuration "
|
||
"dialog. Line numbers for an existing window are shown and hidden in the "
|
||
"Options menu. (Contributed by Tal Einat and Saimadhav Heblikar in :issue:"
|
||
"`17535`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:681 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:744
|
||
msgid "The changes above have been backported to 3.7 maintenance releases."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:685
|
||
msgid "inspect"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:687
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :func:`inspect.getdoc` function can now find docstrings for "
|
||
"``__slots__`` if that attribute is a :class:`dict` where the values are "
|
||
"docstrings. This provides documentation options similar to what we already "
|
||
"have for :func:`property`, :func:`classmethod`, and :func:`staticmethod`::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:701
|
||
msgid "io"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:703
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"In development mode (:option:`-X` ``env``) and in debug build, the :class:"
|
||
"`io.IOBase` finalizer now logs the exception if the ``close()`` method "
|
||
"fails. The exception is ignored silently by default in release build. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`18748`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:710
|
||
msgid "gc"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:712
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`~gc.get_objects` can now receive an optional *generation* parameter "
|
||
"indicating a generation to get objects from. Contributed in :issue:`36016` "
|
||
"by Pablo Galindo."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:718
|
||
msgid "gzip"
|
||
msgstr "gzip"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:720
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added the *mtime* parameter to :func:`gzip.compress` for reproducible "
|
||
"output. (Contributed by Guo Ci Teo in :issue:`34898`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:723
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A :exc:`~gzip.BadGzipFile` exception is now raised instead of :exc:`OSError` "
|
||
"for certain types of invalid or corrupt gzip files. (Contributed by Filip "
|
||
"Gruszczyński, Michele Orrù, and Zackery Spytz in :issue:`6584`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:732
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Add optional line numbers for IDLE editor windows. Windows open without line "
|
||
"numbers unless set otherwise in the General tab of the configuration dialog. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Tal Einat and Saimadhav Heblikar in :issue:`17535`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:748
|
||
msgid "json.tool"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:750
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Add option ``--json-lines`` to parse every input line as separate JSON "
|
||
"object. (Contributed by Weipeng Hong in :issue:`31553`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:755
|
||
msgid "math"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:757
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added new function :func:`math.dist` for computing Euclidean distance "
|
||
"between two points. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`33089`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:760
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Expanded the :func:`math.hypot` function to handle multiple dimensions. "
|
||
"Formerly, it only supported the 2-D case. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger "
|
||
"in :issue:`33089`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:764
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added new function, :func:`math.prod`, as analogous function to :func:`sum` "
|
||
"that returns the product of a 'start' value (default: 1) times an iterable "
|
||
"of numbers::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:773
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`35606`)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:775
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added new function :func:`math.isqrt` for computing integer square roots. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Mark Dickinson in :issue:`36887`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:778
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The function :func:`math.factorial` no longer accepts arguments that are not "
|
||
"int-like. (Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`33083`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:783
|
||
msgid "mmap"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:785
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :class:`mmap.mmap` class now has an :meth:`~mmap.mmap.madvise` method to "
|
||
"access the ``madvise()`` system call. (Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :"
|
||
"issue:`32941`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:791
|
||
msgid "multiprocessing"
|
||
msgstr "multiprocessing"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:793
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added new :mod:`multiprocessing.shared_memory` module. (Contributed Davin "
|
||
"Potts in :issue:`35813`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:796
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"On macOS, the *spawn* start method is now used by default. (Contributed by "
|
||
"Victor Stinner in :issue:`33725`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:801
|
||
msgid "os"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:803
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added new function :func:`~os.add_dll_directory` on Windows for providing "
|
||
"additional search paths for native dependencies when importing extension "
|
||
"modules or loading DLLs using :mod:`ctypes`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:807
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A new :func:`os.memfd_create` function was added to wrap the "
|
||
"``memfd_create()`` syscall. (Contributed by Zackery Spytz and Christian "
|
||
"Heimes in :issue:`26836`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:811
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"On Windows, much of the manual logic for handling reparse points (including "
|
||
"symlinks and directory junctions) has been delegated to the operating "
|
||
"system. Specifically, :func:`os.stat` will now traverse anything supported "
|
||
"by the operating system, while :func:`os.lstat` will only open reparse "
|
||
"points that identify as \"name surrogates\" while others are opened as for :"
|
||
"func:`os.stat`. In all cases, :attr:`stat_result.st_mode` will only have "
|
||
"``S_IFLNK`` set for symbolic links and not other kinds of reparse points. To "
|
||
"identify other kinds of reparse point, check the new :attr:`stat_result."
|
||
"st_reparse_tag` attribute."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:820
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"On Windows, :func:`os.readlink` is now able to read directory junctions. "
|
||
"Note that :func:`~os.path.islink` will return ``False`` for directory "
|
||
"junctions, and so code that checks ``islink`` first will continue to treat "
|
||
"junctions as directories, while code that handles errors from :func:`os."
|
||
"readlink` may now treat junctions as links."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:828
|
||
msgid "os.path"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:830
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":mod:`os.path` functions that return a boolean result like :func:`~os.path."
|
||
"exists`, :func:`~os.path.lexists`, :func:`~os.path.isdir`, :func:`~os.path."
|
||
"isfile`, :func:`~os.path.islink`, and :func:`~os.path.ismount` now return "
|
||
"``False`` instead of raising :exc:`ValueError` or its subclasses :exc:"
|
||
"`UnicodeEncodeError` and :exc:`UnicodeDecodeError` for paths that contain "
|
||
"characters or bytes unrepresentable at the OS level. (Contributed by Serhiy "
|
||
"Storchaka in :issue:`33721`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:838 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1628
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`~os.path.expanduser` on Windows now prefers the :envvar:`USERPROFILE` "
|
||
"environment variable and does not use :envvar:`HOME`, which is not normally "
|
||
"set for regular user accounts."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:842
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`~os.path.isdir` on Windows no longer returns true for a link to a non-"
|
||
"existent directory."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:845
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`~os.path.realpath` on Windows now resolves reparse points, including "
|
||
"symlinks and directory junctions."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:850
|
||
msgid "ncurses"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:852
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added a new variable holding structured version information for the "
|
||
"underlying ncurses library: :data:`~curses.ncurses_version`. (Contributed by "
|
||
"Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`31680`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:858
|
||
msgid "pathlib"
|
||
msgstr "pathlib"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:860
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":mod:`pathlib.Path` methods that return a boolean result like :meth:"
|
||
"`~pathlib.Path.exists()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_dir()`, :meth:`~pathlib."
|
||
"Path.is_file()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_mount()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path."
|
||
"is_symlink()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_block_device()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path."
|
||
"is_char_device()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_fifo()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path."
|
||
"is_socket()` now return ``False`` instead of raising :exc:`ValueError` or "
|
||
"its subclass :exc:`UnicodeEncodeError` for paths that contain characters "
|
||
"unrepresentable at the OS level. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:"
|
||
"`33721`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:870
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added :meth:`pathlib.Path.link_to()` which creates a hard link pointing to a "
|
||
"path. (Contributed by Joannah Nanjekye in :issue:`26978`)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:876
|
||
msgid "pickle"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:878
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Reduction methods can now include a 6th item in the tuple they return. This "
|
||
"item should specify a custom state-setting method that's called instead of "
|
||
"the regular ``__setstate__`` method. (Contributed by Pierre Glaser and "
|
||
"Olivier Grisel in :issue:`35900`)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:883
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":mod:`pickle` extensions subclassing the C-optimized :class:`~pickle."
|
||
"Pickler` can now override the pickling logic of functions and classes by "
|
||
"defining the special :meth:`~pickle.Pickler.reducer_override` method. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Pierre Glaser and Olivier Grisel in :issue:`35900`)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:890
|
||
msgid "plistlib"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:892
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added new :class:`plistlib.UID` and enabled support for reading and writing "
|
||
"NSKeyedArchiver-encoded binary plists. (Contributed by Jon Janzen in :issue:"
|
||
"`26707`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:898
|
||
msgid "py_compile"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:900
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`py_compile.compile` now supports silent mode. (Contributed by Joannah "
|
||
"Nanjekye in :issue:`22640`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:905
|
||
msgid "socket"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:907
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added :meth:`~socket.create_server()` and :meth:`~socket."
|
||
"has_dualstack_ipv6()` convenience functions to automate the necessary tasks "
|
||
"usually involved when creating a server socket, including accepting both "
|
||
"IPv4 and IPv6 connections on the same socket. (Contributed by Giampaolo "
|
||
"Rodola in :issue:`17561`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:912
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :func:`socket.if_nameindex()`, :func:`socket.if_nametoindex()`, and :"
|
||
"func:`socket.if_indextoname()` functions have been implemented on Windows. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :issue:`37007`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:917
|
||
msgid "shlex"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:919
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The new :func:`shlex.join` function acts as the inverse of :func:`shlex."
|
||
"split`. (Contributed by Bo Bayles in :issue:`32102`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:923
|
||
msgid "shutil"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:925
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`shutil.copytree` now accepts a new ``dirs_exist_ok`` keyword "
|
||
"argument. (Contributed by Josh Bronson in :issue:`20849`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:928
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`shutil.make_archive` now defaults to the modern pax (POSIX.1-2001) "
|
||
"format for new archives to improve portability and standards conformance, "
|
||
"inherited from the corresponding change to the :mod:`tarfile` module. "
|
||
"(Contributed by C.A.M. Gerlach in :issue:`30661`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:933
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`shutil.rmtree` on Windows now removes directory junctions without "
|
||
"recursively removing their contents first."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:938
|
||
msgid "ssl"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:940
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added :attr:`SSLContext.post_handshake_auth` to enable and :meth:`ssl."
|
||
"SSLSocket.verify_client_post_handshake` to initiate TLS 1.3 post-handshake "
|
||
"authentication. (Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`34670`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:947
|
||
msgid "statistics"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:949
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added :func:`statistics.fmean` as a faster, floating point variant of :func:"
|
||
"`statistics.mean()`. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and Steven D'Aprano "
|
||
"in :issue:`35904`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:953
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added :func:`statistics.geometric_mean()` (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger "
|
||
"in :issue:`27181`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:956
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added :func:`statistics.multimode` that returns a list of the most common "
|
||
"values. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`35892`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:959
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added :func:`statistics.quantiles` that divides data or a distribution in to "
|
||
"equiprobable intervals (e.g. quartiles, deciles, or percentiles). "
|
||
"(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`36546`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:963
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added :class:`statistics.NormalDist`, a tool for creating and manipulating "
|
||
"normal distributions of a random variable. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger "
|
||
"in :issue:`36018`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:993
|
||
msgid "sys"
|
||
msgstr "sys"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:995
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Add new :func:`sys.unraisablehook` function which can be overridden to "
|
||
"control how \"unraisable exceptions\" are handled. It is called when an "
|
||
"exception has occurred but there is no way for Python to handle it. For "
|
||
"example, when a destructor raises an exception or during garbage collection "
|
||
"(:func:`gc.collect`). (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36829`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1004
|
||
msgid "tarfile"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1006
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :mod:`tarfile` module now defaults to the modern pax (POSIX.1-2001) "
|
||
"format for new archives, instead of the previous GNU-specific one. This "
|
||
"improves cross-platform portability with a consistent encoding (UTF-8) in a "
|
||
"standardized and extensible format, and offers several other benefits. "
|
||
"(Contributed by C.A.M. Gerlach in :issue:`36268`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1014
|
||
msgid "threading"
|
||
msgstr "threading"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1016
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Add a new :func:`threading.excepthook` function which handles uncaught :meth:"
|
||
"`threading.Thread.run` exception. It can be overridden to control how "
|
||
"uncaught :meth:`threading.Thread.run` exceptions are handled. (Contributed "
|
||
"by Victor Stinner in :issue:`1230540`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1021
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Add a new :func:`threading.get_native_id` function and a :data:`~threading."
|
||
"Thread.native_id` attribute to the :class:`threading.Thread` class. These "
|
||
"return the native integral Thread ID of the current thread assigned by the "
|
||
"kernel. This feature is only available on certain platforms, see :func:"
|
||
"`get_native_id <threading.get_native_id>` for more information. (Contributed "
|
||
"by Jake Tesler in :issue:`36084`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1031
|
||
msgid "tokenize"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1033
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :mod:`tokenize` module now implicitly emits a ``NEWLINE`` token when "
|
||
"provided with input that does not have a trailing new line. This behavior "
|
||
"now matches what the C tokenizer does internally. (Contributed by Ammar "
|
||
"Askar in :issue:`33899`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1039
|
||
msgid "tkinter"
|
||
msgstr "tkinter"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1041
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added methods :meth:`~tkinter.Spinbox.selection_from`, :meth:`~tkinter."
|
||
"Spinbox.selection_present`, :meth:`~tkinter.Spinbox.selection_range` and :"
|
||
"meth:`~tkinter.Spinbox.selection_to` in the :class:`tkinter.Spinbox` class. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Juliette Monsel in :issue:`34829`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1048
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added method :meth:`~tkinter.Canvas.moveto` in the :class:`tkinter.Canvas` "
|
||
"class. (Contributed by Juliette Monsel in :issue:`23831`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1052
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :class:`tkinter.PhotoImage` class now has :meth:`~tkinter.PhotoImage."
|
||
"transparency_get` and :meth:`~tkinter.PhotoImage.transparency_set` methods. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :issue:`25451`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1058
|
||
msgid "time"
|
||
msgstr "time"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1060
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added new clock :data:`~time.CLOCK_UPTIME_RAW` for macOS 10.12. (Contributed "
|
||
"by Joannah Nanjekye in :issue:`35702`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1065
|
||
msgid "typing"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1067
|
||
msgid "The :mod:`typing` module incorporates several new features:"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1069
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Protocol definitions. See :pep:`544`, :class:`typing.Protocol` and :func:"
|
||
"`typing.runtime_checkable`. Simple ABCs like :class:`typing.SupportsInt` "
|
||
"are now ``Protocol`` subclasses."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1073
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A dictionary type with per-key types. See :pep:`589` and :class:`typing."
|
||
"TypedDict`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1076
|
||
msgid "Literal types. See :pep:`586` and :class:`typing.Literal`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1078
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"\"Final\" variables, functions, methods and classes. See :pep:`591`, :class:"
|
||
"`typing.Final` and :func:`typing.final`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1081
|
||
msgid "New protocol class :class:`typing.SupportsIndex`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1083
|
||
msgid "New functions :func:`typing.get_origin` and :func:`typing.get_args`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1087
|
||
msgid "unicodedata"
|
||
msgstr "unicodedata"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1089
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :mod:`unicodedata` module has been upgraded to use the `Unicode 12.1.0 "
|
||
"<http://blog.unicode.org/2019/05/unicode-12-1-en.html>`_ release."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1092
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"New function :func:`~unicodedata.is_normalized` can be used to verify a "
|
||
"string is in a specific normal form, often much faster than by actually "
|
||
"normalizing the string. (Contributed by Max Belanger, David Euresti, and "
|
||
"Greg Price in :issue:`32285` and :issue:`37966`)."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1099
|
||
msgid "unittest"
|
||
msgstr "unittest"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1101
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added :class:`AsyncMock` to support an asynchronous version of :class:"
|
||
"`Mock`. Appropriate new assert functions for testing have been added as "
|
||
"well. (Contributed by Lisa Roach in :issue:`26467`)."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1105
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added :func:`~unittest.addModuleCleanup()` and :meth:`~unittest.TestCase."
|
||
"addClassCleanup()` to unittest to support cleanups for :func:`~unittest."
|
||
"setUpModule()` and :meth:`~unittest.TestCase.setUpClass()`. (Contributed by "
|
||
"Lisa Roach in :issue:`24412`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1111
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Several mock assert functions now also print a list of actual calls upon "
|
||
"failure. (Contributed by Petter Strandmark in :issue:`35047`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1115
|
||
msgid "venv"
|
||
msgstr "venv"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1117
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":mod:`venv` now includes an ``Activate.ps1`` script on all platforms for "
|
||
"activating virtual environments under PowerShell Core 6.1. (Contributed by "
|
||
"Brett Cannon in :issue:`32718`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1122
|
||
msgid "weakref"
|
||
msgstr "weakref"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1124
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The proxy objects returned by :func:`weakref.proxy` now support the matrix "
|
||
"multiplication operators ``@`` and ``@=`` in addition to the other numeric "
|
||
"operators. (Contributed by Mark Dickinson in :issue:`36669`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1129
|
||
msgid "xml"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1131
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"As mitigation against DTD and external entity retrieval, the :mod:`xml.dom."
|
||
"minidom` and :mod:`xml.sax` modules no longer process external entities by "
|
||
"default. (Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`17239`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1136
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The ``.find*()`` methods in the :mod:`xml.etree.ElementTree` module support "
|
||
"wildcard searches like ``{*}tag`` which ignores the namespace and "
|
||
"``{namespace}*`` which returns all tags in the given namespace. (Contributed "
|
||
"by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`28238`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1141
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :mod:`xml.etree.ElementTree` module provides a new function :func:`–xml."
|
||
"etree.ElementTree.canonicalize()` that implements C14N 2.0. (Contributed by "
|
||
"Stefan Behnel in :issue:`13611`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1145
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The target object of :class:`xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLParser` can receive "
|
||
"namespace declaration events through the new callback methods ``start_ns()`` "
|
||
"and ``end_ns()``. Additionally, the :class:`xml.etree.ElementTree."
|
||
"TreeBuilder` target can be configured to process events about comments and "
|
||
"processing instructions to include them in the generated tree. (Contributed "
|
||
"by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`36676` and :issue:`36673`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1154
|
||
msgid "Optimizations"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1156
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :mod:`subprocess` module can now use the :func:`os.posix_spawn` function "
|
||
"in some cases for better performance. Currently, it is only used on macOS "
|
||
"and Linux (using glibc 2.24 or newer) if all these conditions are met:"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1160
|
||
msgid "*close_fds* is false;"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1161
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"*preexec_fn*, *pass_fds*, *cwd* and *start_new_session* parameters are not "
|
||
"set;"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1163
|
||
msgid "the *executable* path contains a directory."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1165
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Joannah Nanjekye and Victor Stinner in :issue:`35537`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1167
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`shutil.copyfile`, :func:`shutil.copy`, :func:`shutil.copy2`, :func:"
|
||
"`shutil.copytree` and :func:`shutil.move` use platform-specific \"fast-copy"
|
||
"\" syscalls on Linux and macOS in order to copy the file more efficiently. "
|
||
"\"fast-copy\" means that the copying operation occurs within the kernel, "
|
||
"avoiding the use of userspace buffers in Python as in \"``outfd.write(infd."
|
||
"read())``\". On Windows :func:`shutil.copyfile` uses a bigger default buffer "
|
||
"size (1 MiB instead of 16 KiB) and a :func:`memoryview`-based variant of :"
|
||
"func:`shutil.copyfileobj` is used. The speedup for copying a 512 MiB file "
|
||
"within the same partition is about +26% on Linux, +50% on macOS and +40% on "
|
||
"Windows. Also, much less CPU cycles are consumed. See :ref:`shutil-platform-"
|
||
"dependent-efficient-copy-operations` section. (Contributed by Giampaolo "
|
||
"Rodola' in :issue:`33671`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1183
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`shutil.copytree` uses :func:`os.scandir` function and all copy "
|
||
"functions depending from it use cached :func:`os.stat` values. The speedup "
|
||
"for copying a directory with 8000 files is around +9% on Linux, +20% on "
|
||
"Windows and +30% on a Windows SMB share. Also the number of :func:`os.stat` "
|
||
"syscalls is reduced by 38% making :func:`shutil.copytree` especially faster "
|
||
"on network filesystems. (Contributed by Giampaolo Rodola' in :issue:`33695`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1190
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The default protocol in the :mod:`pickle` module is now Protocol 4, first "
|
||
"introduced in Python 3.4. It offers better performance and smaller size "
|
||
"compared to Protocol 3 available since Python 3.0."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1194
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Removed one ``Py_ssize_t`` member from ``PyGC_Head``. All GC tracked "
|
||
"objects (e.g. tuple, list, dict) size is reduced 4 or 8 bytes. (Contributed "
|
||
"by Inada Naoki in :issue:`33597`)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1198
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":class:`uuid.UUID` now uses ``__slots__`` to reduce its memory footprint."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1200
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Improved performance of :func:`operator.itemgetter` by 33%. Optimized "
|
||
"argument handling and added a fast path for the common case of a single non-"
|
||
"negative integer index into a tuple (which is the typical use case in the "
|
||
"standard library). (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`35664`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1206
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Sped-up field lookups in :func:`collections.namedtuple`. They are now more "
|
||
"than two times faster, making them the fastest form of instance variable "
|
||
"lookup in Python. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger, Pablo Galindo, and Joe "
|
||
"Jevnik, Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`32492`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1211
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :class:`list` constructor does not overallocate the internal item buffer "
|
||
"if the input iterable has a known length (the input implements ``__len__``). "
|
||
"This makes the created list 12% smaller on average. (Contributed by Raymond "
|
||
"Hettinger and Pablo Galindo in :issue:`33234`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1216
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Doubled the speed of class variable writes. When a non-dunder attribute was "
|
||
"updated, there was an unnecessary call to update slots. (Contributed by "
|
||
"Stefan Behnel, Pablo Galindo Salgado, Raymond Hettinger, Neil Schemenauer, "
|
||
"and Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`36012`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1221
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Reduced an overhead of converting arguments passed to many builtin functions "
|
||
"and methods. This sped up calling some simple builtin functions and methods "
|
||
"up to 20--50%. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`23867`, :issue:"
|
||
"`35582` and :issue:`36127`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1226
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"``LOAD_GLOBAL`` instruction now uses new \"per opcode cache\" mechanism. It "
|
||
"is about 40% faster now. (Contributed by Yury Selivanov and Inada Naoki in :"
|
||
"issue:`26219`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1232
|
||
msgid "Build and C API Changes"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1234
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Default :data:`sys.abiflags` became an empty string: the ``m`` flag for "
|
||
"pymalloc became useless (builds with and without pymalloc are ABI "
|
||
"compatible) and so has been removed. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :"
|
||
"issue:`36707`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1238
|
||
msgid "Example of changes:"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1240
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Only ``python3.8`` program is installed, ``python3.8m`` program is gone."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1241
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Only ``python3.8-config`` script is installed, ``python3.8m-config`` script "
|
||
"is gone."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1243
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The ``m`` flag has been removed from the suffix of dynamic library "
|
||
"filenames: extension modules in the standard library as well as those "
|
||
"produced and installed by third-party packages, like those downloaded from "
|
||
"PyPI. On Linux, for example, the Python 3.7 suffix ``.cpython-37m-x86_64-"
|
||
"linux-gnu.so`` became ``.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so`` in Python 3.8."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1250
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The header files have been reorganized to better separate the different "
|
||
"kinds of APIs:"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1253
|
||
msgid "``Include/*.h`` should be the portable public stable C API."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1254
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"``Include/cpython/*.h`` should be the unstable C API specific to CPython; "
|
||
"public API, with some private API prefixed by ``_Py`` or ``_PY``."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1256
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"``Include/internal/*.h`` is the private internal C API very specific to "
|
||
"CPython. This API comes with no backward compatibility warranty and should "
|
||
"not be used outside CPython. It is only exposed for very specific needs like "
|
||
"debuggers and profiles which has to access to CPython internals without "
|
||
"calling functions. This API is now installed by ``make install``."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1262
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`35134` and :issue:`35081`, work "
|
||
"initiated by Eric Snow in Python 3.7)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1265
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Some macros have been converted to static inline functions: parameter types "
|
||
"and return type are well defined, they don't have issues specific to macros, "
|
||
"variables have a local scopes. Examples:"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1269
|
||
msgid ":c:func:`Py_INCREF`, :c:func:`Py_DECREF`"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1270
|
||
msgid ":c:func:`Py_XINCREF`, :c:func:`Py_XDECREF`"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1271
|
||
msgid ":c:func:`PyObject_INIT`, :c:func:`PyObject_INIT_VAR`"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1272
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Private functions: :c:func:`_PyObject_GC_TRACK`, :c:func:"
|
||
"`_PyObject_GC_UNTRACK`, :c:func:`_Py_Dealloc`"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1275
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`35059`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1277
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :c:func:`PyByteArray_Init` and :c:func:`PyByteArray_Fini` functions have "
|
||
"been removed. They did nothing since Python 2.7.4 and Python 3.2.0, were "
|
||
"excluded from the limited API (stable ABI), and were not documented. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`35713`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1282
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The result of :c:func:`PyExceptionClass_Name` is now of type ``const char "
|
||
"*`` rather of ``char *``. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:"
|
||
"`33818`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1286
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The duality of ``Modules/Setup.dist`` and ``Modules/Setup`` has been "
|
||
"removed. Previously, when updating the CPython source tree, one had to "
|
||
"manually copy ``Modules/Setup.dist`` (inside the source tree) to ``Modules/"
|
||
"Setup`` (inside the build tree) in order to reflect any changes upstream. "
|
||
"This was of a small benefit to packagers at the expense of a frequent "
|
||
"annoyance to developers following CPython development, as forgetting to copy "
|
||
"the file could produce build failures."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1294
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Now the build system always reads from ``Modules/Setup`` inside the source "
|
||
"tree. People who want to customize that file are encouraged to maintain "
|
||
"their changes in a git fork of CPython or as patch files, as they would do "
|
||
"for any other change to the source tree."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1299
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`32430`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1301
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Functions that convert Python number to C integer like :c:func:"
|
||
"`PyLong_AsLong` and argument parsing functions like :c:func:"
|
||
"`PyArg_ParseTuple` with integer converting format units like ``'i'`` will "
|
||
"now use the :meth:`~object.__index__` special method instead of :meth:"
|
||
"`~object.__int__`, if available. The deprecation warning will be emitted "
|
||
"for objects with the ``__int__()`` method but without the ``__index__()`` "
|
||
"method (like :class:`~decimal.Decimal` and :class:`~fractions.Fraction`). :"
|
||
"c:func:`PyNumber_Check` will now return ``1`` for objects implementing "
|
||
"``__index__()``. :c:func:`PyNumber_Long`, :c:func:`PyNumber_Float` and :c:"
|
||
"func:`PyFloat_AsDouble` also now use the ``__index__()`` method if "
|
||
"available. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`36048` and :issue:"
|
||
"`20092`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1315
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Heap-allocated type objects will now increase their reference count in :c:"
|
||
"func:`PyObject_Init` (and its parallel macro ``PyObject_INIT``) instead of "
|
||
"in :c:func:`PyType_GenericAlloc`. Types that modify instance allocation or "
|
||
"deallocation may need to be adjusted. (Contributed by Eddie Elizondo in :"
|
||
"issue:`35810`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1321
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The new function :c:func:`PyCode_NewWithPosOnlyArgs` allows to create code "
|
||
"objects like :c:func:`PyCode_New`, but with an extra *posonlyargcount* "
|
||
"parameter for indicating the number of positional-only arguments. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`37221`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1328
|
||
msgid "Deprecated"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1330
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The distutils ``bdist_wininst`` command is now deprecated, use "
|
||
"``bdist_wheel`` (wheel packages) instead. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :"
|
||
"issue:`37481`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1334
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Deprecated methods ``getchildren()`` and ``getiterator()`` in the :mod:`~xml."
|
||
"etree.ElementTree` module emit now a :exc:`DeprecationWarning` instead of :"
|
||
"exc:`PendingDeprecationWarning`. They will be removed in Python 3.9. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`29209`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1340
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Passing an object that is not an instance of :class:`concurrent.futures."
|
||
"ThreadPoolExecutor` to :meth:`asyncio.loop.set_default_executor()` is "
|
||
"deprecated and will be prohibited in Python 3.9. (Contributed by Elvis "
|
||
"Pranskevichus in :issue:`34075`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1346
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :meth:`__getitem__` methods of :class:`xml.dom.pulldom.DOMEventStream`, :"
|
||
"class:`wsgiref.util.FileWrapper` and :class:`fileinput.FileInput` have been "
|
||
"deprecated."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1350
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Implementations of these methods have been ignoring their *index* parameter, "
|
||
"and returning the next item instead."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1353
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Berker Peksag in :issue:`9372`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1355
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :class:`typing.NamedTuple` class has deprecated the ``_field_types`` "
|
||
"attribute in favor of the ``__annotations__`` attribute which has the same "
|
||
"information. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`36320`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1359
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":mod:`ast` classes ``Num``, ``Str``, ``Bytes``, ``NameConstant`` and "
|
||
"``Ellipsis`` are considered deprecated and will be removed in future Python "
|
||
"versions. :class:`~ast.Constant` should be used instead. (Contributed by "
|
||
"Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`32892`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1364
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":class:`ast.NodeVisitor` methods ``visit_Num()``, ``visit_Str()``, "
|
||
"``visit_Bytes()``, ``visit_NameConstant()`` and ``visit_Ellipsis()`` are "
|
||
"deprecated now and will not be called in future Python versions. Add the :"
|
||
"meth:`~ast.NodeVisitor.visit_Constant` method to handle all constant nodes. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`36917`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1371
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The following functions and methods are deprecated in the :mod:`gettext` "
|
||
"module: :func:`~gettext.lgettext`, :func:`~gettext.ldgettext`, :func:"
|
||
"`~gettext.lngettext` and :func:`~gettext.ldngettext`. They return encoded "
|
||
"bytes, and it's possible that you will get unexpected Unicode-related "
|
||
"exceptions if there are encoding problems with the translated strings. It's "
|
||
"much better to use alternatives which return Unicode strings in Python 3. "
|
||
"These functions have been broken for a long time."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1379
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Function :func:`~gettext.bind_textdomain_codeset`, methods :meth:`~gettext."
|
||
"NullTranslations.output_charset` and :meth:`~gettext.NullTranslations."
|
||
"set_output_charset`, and the *codeset* parameter of functions :func:"
|
||
"`~gettext.translation` and :func:`~gettext.install` are also deprecated, "
|
||
"since they are only used for for the ``l*gettext()`` functions."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1386
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`33710`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1388
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :meth:`~threading.Thread.isAlive()` method of :class:`threading.Thread` "
|
||
"has been deprecated. (Contributed by Dong-hee Na in :issue:`35283`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1391
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Many builtin and extension functions that take integer arguments will now "
|
||
"emit a deprecation warning for :class:`~decimal.Decimal`\\ s, :class:"
|
||
"`~fractions.Fraction`\\ s and any other objects that can be converted to "
|
||
"integers only with a loss (e.g. that have the :meth:`~object.__int__` method "
|
||
"but do not have the :meth:`~object.__index__` method). In future version "
|
||
"they will be errors. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`36048`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1399
|
||
msgid "Deprecated passing the following arguments as keyword arguments:"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1401
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"*func* in :func:`functools.partialmethod`, :func:`weakref.finalize`, :meth:"
|
||
"`profile.Profile.runcall`, :meth:`cProfile.Profile.runcall`, :meth:`bdb.Bdb."
|
||
"runcall`, :meth:`trace.Trace.runfunc` and :func:`curses.wrapper`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1405
|
||
msgid "*function* in :meth:`unittest.TestCase.addCleanup`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1406
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"*fn* in the :meth:`~concurrent.futures.Executor.submit` method of :class:"
|
||
"`concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor` and :class:`concurrent.futures."
|
||
"ProcessPoolExecutor`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1409
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"*callback* in :meth:`contextlib.ExitStack.callback`, :meth:`contextlib."
|
||
"AsyncExitStack.callback` and :meth:`contextlib.AsyncExitStack."
|
||
"push_async_callback`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1412
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"*c* and *typeid* in the :meth:`~multiprocessing.managers.Server.create` "
|
||
"method of :class:`multiprocessing.managers.Server` and :class:"
|
||
"`multiprocessing.managers.SharedMemoryServer`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1415
|
||
msgid "*obj* in :func:`weakref.finalize`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1417
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"In future releases of Python they will be :ref:`positional-only <positional-"
|
||
"only_parameter>`. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`36492`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1423
|
||
msgid "API and Feature Removals"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1425
|
||
msgid "The following features and APIs have been removed from Python 3.8:"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1427
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :mod:`macpath` module, deprecated in Python 3.7, has been removed. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`35471`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1430 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1544
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The function :func:`platform.popen` has been removed, it was deprecated "
|
||
"since Python 3.3: use :func:`os.popen` instead. (Contributed by Victor "
|
||
"Stinner in :issue:`35345`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1434
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The function :func:`time.clock` has been removed, it was deprecated since "
|
||
"Python 3.3: use :func:`time.perf_counter` or :func:`time.process_time` "
|
||
"instead, depending on your requirements, to have a well defined behavior. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier in :issue:`36895`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1439
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The ``pyvenv`` script has been removed in favor of ``python3.8 -m venv`` to "
|
||
"help eliminate confusion as to what Python interpreter the ``pyvenv`` script "
|
||
"is tied to. (Contributed by Brett Cannon in :issue:`25427`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1443
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"``parse_qs``, ``parse_qsl``, and ``escape`` are removed from :mod:`cgi` "
|
||
"module. They are deprecated from Python 3.2 or older."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1446
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"``filemode`` function is removed from :mod:`tarfile` module. It is not "
|
||
"documented and deprecated since Python 3.3."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1449
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :class:`~xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLParser` constructor no longer accepts "
|
||
"the *html* argument. It never had effect and was deprecated in Python 3.4. "
|
||
"All other parameters are now :ref:`keyword-only <keyword-only_parameter>`. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`29209`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1454
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Removed the ``doctype()`` method of :class:`~xml.etree.ElementTree."
|
||
"XMLParser`. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`29209`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1457
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"\"unicode_internal\" codec is removed. (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :issue:"
|
||
"`36297`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1460
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The ``Cache`` and ``Statement`` objects of the :mod:`sqlite3` module are not "
|
||
"exposed to the user. (Contributed by Aviv Palivoda in :issue:`30262`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1464
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The ``bufsize`` keyword argument of :func:`fileinput.input` and :func:"
|
||
"`fileinput.FileInput` which was ignored and deprecated since Python 3.6 has "
|
||
"been removed. :issue:`36952` (Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1468
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The functions :func:`sys.set_coroutine_wrapper` and :func:`sys."
|
||
"get_coroutine_wrapper` deprecated in Python 3.7 have been removed; :issue:"
|
||
"`36933` (Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1474
|
||
msgid "Porting to Python 3.8"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1476
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"This section lists previously described changes and other bugfixes that may "
|
||
"require changes to your code."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1481
|
||
msgid "Changes in Python behavior"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1483
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Yield expressions (both ``yield`` and ``yield from`` clauses) are now "
|
||
"disallowed in comprehensions and generator expressions (aside from the "
|
||
"iterable expression in the leftmost :keyword:`!for` clause). (Contributed by "
|
||
"Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`10544`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1488
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The compiler now produces a :exc:`SyntaxWarning` when identity checks "
|
||
"(``is`` and ``is not``) are used with certain types of literals (e.g. "
|
||
"strings, ints). These can often work by accident in CPython, but are not "
|
||
"guaranteed by the language spec. The warning advises users to use equality "
|
||
"tests (``==`` and ``!=``) instead. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :"
|
||
"issue:`34850`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1495
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The CPython interpreter can swallow exceptions in some circumstances. In "
|
||
"Python 3.8 this happens in less cases. In particular, exceptions raised "
|
||
"when getting the attribute from the type dictionary are no longer ignored. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`35459`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1500
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Removed ``__str__`` implementations from builtin types :class:`bool`, :class:"
|
||
"`int`, :class:`float`, :class:`complex` and few classes from the standard "
|
||
"library. They now inherit ``__str__()`` from :class:`object`. As result, "
|
||
"defining the ``__repr__()`` method in the subclass of these classes will "
|
||
"affect they string representation. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :"
|
||
"issue:`36793`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1507
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"On AIX, :attr:`sys.platform` doesn't contain the major version anymore. It "
|
||
"is always ``'aix'``, instead of ``'aix3'`` .. ``'aix7'``. Since older "
|
||
"Python versions include the version number, it is recommended to always use "
|
||
"the ``sys.platform.startswith('aix')``. (Contributed by M. Felt in :issue:"
|
||
"`36588`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1513
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":c:func:`PyEval_AcquireLock` and :c:func:`PyEval_AcquireThread` now "
|
||
"terminate the current thread if called while the interpreter is finalizing, "
|
||
"making them consistent with :c:func:`PyEval_RestoreThread`, :c:func:"
|
||
"`Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS`, and :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure`. If this behaviour "
|
||
"is not desired, guard the call by checking :c:func:`_Py_IsFinalizing` or :c:"
|
||
"func:`sys.is_finalizing`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1521
|
||
msgid "Changes in the Python API"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1523
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :func:`os.getcwdb` function now uses the UTF-8 encoding on Windows, "
|
||
"rather than the ANSI code page: see :pep:`529` for the rationale. The "
|
||
"function is no longer deprecated on Windows. (Contributed by Victor Stinner "
|
||
"in :issue:`37412`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1528
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":class:`subprocess.Popen` can now use :func:`os.posix_spawn` in some cases "
|
||
"for better performance. On Windows Subsystem for Linux and QEMU User "
|
||
"Emulation, Popen constructor using :func:`os.posix_spawn` no longer raise an "
|
||
"exception on errors like missing program, but the child process fails with a "
|
||
"non-zero :attr:`~Popen.returncode`. (Contributed by Joannah Nanjekye and "
|
||
"Victor Stinner in :issue:`35537`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1535
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The *preexec_fn* argument of * :class:`subprocess.Popen` is no longer "
|
||
"compatible with subinterpreters. The use of the parameter in a "
|
||
"subinterpreter now raises :exc:`RuntimeError`. (Contributed by Eric Snow in :"
|
||
"issue:`34651`, modified by Christian Heimes in :issue:`37951`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1541
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :meth:`imap.IMAP4.logout` method no longer ignores silently arbitrary "
|
||
"exceptions."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1548
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :func:`statistics.mode` function no longer raises an exception when "
|
||
"given multimodal data. Instead, it returns the first mode encountered in "
|
||
"the input data. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`35892`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1553
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :meth:`~tkinter.ttk.Treeview.selection` method of the :class:`tkinter."
|
||
"ttk.Treeview` class no longer takes arguments. Using it with arguments for "
|
||
"changing the selection was deprecated in Python 3.6. Use specialized "
|
||
"methods like :meth:`~tkinter.ttk.Treeview.selection_set` for changing the "
|
||
"selection. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`31508`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1559
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :meth:`writexml`, :meth:`toxml` and :meth:`toprettyxml` methods of the :"
|
||
"mod:`xml.dom.minidom` module, and :mod:`xml.etree` now preserve the "
|
||
"attribute order specified by the user. (Contributed by Diego Rojas and "
|
||
"Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`34160`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1564
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A :mod:`dbm.dumb` database opened with flags ``'r'`` is now read-only. :func:"
|
||
"`dbm.dumb.open` with flags ``'r'`` and ``'w'`` no longer creates a database "
|
||
"if it does not exist. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`32749`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1569
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The ``doctype()`` method defined in a subclass of :class:`~xml.etree."
|
||
"ElementTree.XMLParser` will no longer be called and will cause emitting a :"
|
||
"exc:`RuntimeWarning` instead of a :exc:`DeprecationWarning`. Define the :"
|
||
"meth:`doctype() <xml.etree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.doctype>` method on a "
|
||
"target for handling an XML doctype declaration. (Contributed by Serhiy "
|
||
"Storchaka in :issue:`29209`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1576
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"A :exc:`RuntimeError` is now raised when the custom metaclass doesn't "
|
||
"provide the ``__classcell__`` entry in the namespace passed to ``type."
|
||
"__new__``. A :exc:`DeprecationWarning` was emitted in Python 3.6--3.7. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`23722`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1581
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :class:`cProfile.Profile` class can now be used as a context manager. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Scott Sanderson in :issue:`29235`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1584
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`shutil.copyfile`, :func:`shutil.copy`, :func:`shutil.copy2`, :func:"
|
||
"`shutil.copytree` and :func:`shutil.move` use platform-specific \"fast-copy"
|
||
"\" syscalls (see :ref:`shutil-platform-dependent-efficient-copy-operations` "
|
||
"section)."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1589
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":func:`shutil.copyfile` default buffer size on Windows was changed from 16 "
|
||
"KiB to 1 MiB."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1592
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The ``PyGC_Head`` struct has changed completely. All code that touched the "
|
||
"struct member should be rewritten. (See :issue:`33597`)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1595
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The ``PyInterpreterState`` struct has been moved into the \"internal\" "
|
||
"header files (specifically Include/internal/pycore_pystate.h). An opaque "
|
||
"``PyInterpreterState`` is still available as part of the public API (and "
|
||
"stable ABI). The docs indicate that none of the struct's fields are public, "
|
||
"so we hope no one has been using them. However, if you do rely on one or "
|
||
"more of those private fields and have no alternative then please open a BPO "
|
||
"issue. We'll work on helping you adjust (possibly including adding accessor "
|
||
"functions to the public API). (See :issue:`35886`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1605
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Asyncio tasks can now be named, either by passing the ``name`` keyword "
|
||
"argument to :func:`asyncio.create_task` or the :meth:`~asyncio.loop."
|
||
"create_task` event loop method, or by calling the :meth:`~asyncio.Task."
|
||
"set_name` method on the task object. The task name is visible in the "
|
||
"``repr()`` output of :class:`asyncio.Task` and can also be retrieved using "
|
||
"the :meth:`~asyncio.Task.get_name` method."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1612
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :meth:`mmap.flush() <mmap.mmap.flush>` method now returns ``None`` on "
|
||
"success and raises an exception on error under all platforms. Previously, "
|
||
"its behavior was platform-depended: a nonzero value was returned on success; "
|
||
"zero was returned on error under Windows. A zero value was returned on "
|
||
"success; an exception was raised on error under Unix. (Contributed by Berker "
|
||
"Peksag in :issue:`2122`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1619
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":mod:`xml.dom.minidom` and :mod:`xml.sax` modules no longer process external "
|
||
"entities by default. (Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`17239`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1623
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Deleting a key from a read-only :mod:`dbm` database (:mod:`dbm.dumb`, :mod:"
|
||
"`dbm.gnu` or :mod:`dbm.ndbm`) raises :attr:`error` (:exc:`dbm.dumb.error`, :"
|
||
"exc:`dbm.gnu.error` or :exc:`dbm.ndbm.error`) instead of :exc:`KeyError`. "
|
||
"(Contributed by Xiang Zhang in :issue:`33106`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1634
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"DLL dependencies for extension modules and DLLs loaded with :mod:`ctypes` on "
|
||
"Windows are now resolved more securely. Only the system paths, the directory "
|
||
"containing the DLL or PYD file, and directories added with :func:`~os."
|
||
"add_dll_directory` are searched for load-time dependencies. Specifically, :"
|
||
"envvar:`PATH` and the current working directory are no longer used, and "
|
||
"modifications to these will no longer have any effect on normal DLL "
|
||
"resolution. If your application relies on these mechanisms, you should check "
|
||
"for :func:`~os.add_dll_directory` and if it exists, use it to add your DLLs "
|
||
"directory while loading your library. Note that Windows 7 users will need to "
|
||
"ensure that Windows Update KB2533625 has been installed (this is also "
|
||
"verified by the installer). (See :issue:`36085`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1647
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The header files and functions related to pgen have been removed after its "
|
||
"replacement by a pure Python implementation. (Contributed by Pablo Galindo "
|
||
"in :issue:`36623`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1651
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
":class:`types.CodeType` has a new parameter in the second position of the "
|
||
"constructor (*posonlyargcount*) to support positional-only arguments defined "
|
||
"in :pep:`570`. The first argument (*argcount*) now represents the total "
|
||
"number of positional arguments (including positional-only arguments). A new "
|
||
"``replace()`` method of :class:`types.CodeType` can be used to make the code "
|
||
"future-proof."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1660
|
||
msgid "Changes in the C API"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1662
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :c:type:`PyCompilerFlags` structure gets a new *cf_feature_version* "
|
||
"field. It should be initialized to ``PY_MINOR_VERSION``. The field is "
|
||
"ignored by default, it is used if and only if ``PyCF_ONLY_AST`` flag is set "
|
||
"in *cf_flags*."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1667
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :c:func:`PyEval_ReInitThreads` function has been removed from the C API. "
|
||
"It should not be called explicitly: use :c:func:`PyOS_AfterFork_Child` "
|
||
"instead. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36728`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1672
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"On Unix, C extensions are no longer linked to libpython except on Android "
|
||
"and Cygwin. When Python is embedded, ``libpython`` must not be loaded with "
|
||
"``RTLD_LOCAL``, but ``RTLD_GLOBAL`` instead. Previously, using "
|
||
"``RTLD_LOCAL``, it was already not possible to load C extensions which were "
|
||
"not linked to ``libpython``, like C extensions of the standard library built "
|
||
"by the ``*shared*`` section of ``Modules/Setup``. (Contributed by Victor "
|
||
"Stinner in :issue:`21536`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1680
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Use of ``#`` variants of formats in parsing or building value (e.g. :c:func:"
|
||
"`PyArg_ParseTuple`, :c:func:`Py_BuildValue`, :c:func:"
|
||
"`PyObject_CallFunction`, etc.) without ``PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN`` defined raises "
|
||
"``DeprecationWarning`` now. It will be removed in 3.10 or 4.0. Read :ref:"
|
||
"`arg-parsing` for detail. (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :issue:`36381`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1686
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Instances of heap-allocated types (such as those created with :c:func:"
|
||
"`PyType_FromSpec`) hold a reference to their type object. Increasing the "
|
||
"reference count of these type objects has been moved from :c:func:"
|
||
"`PyType_GenericAlloc` to the more low-level functions, :c:func:"
|
||
"`PyObject_Init` and :c:func:`PyObject_INIT`. This makes types created "
|
||
"through :c:func:`PyType_FromSpec` behave like other classes in managed code."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1694
|
||
msgid "Statically allocated types are not affected."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1696
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"For the vast majority of cases, there should be no side effect. However, "
|
||
"types that manually increase the reference count after allocating an "
|
||
"instance (perhaps to work around the bug) may now become immortal. To avoid "
|
||
"this, these classes need to call Py_DECREF on the type object during "
|
||
"instance deallocation."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1702
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"To correctly port these types into 3.8, please apply the following changes:"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1705
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Remove :c:macro:`Py_INCREF` on the type object after allocating an instance "
|
||
"- if any. This may happen after calling :c:func:`PyObject_New`, :c:func:"
|
||
"`PyObject_NewVar`, :c:func:`PyObject_GC_New`, :c:func:`PyObject_GC_NewVar`, "
|
||
"or any other custom allocator that uses :c:func:`PyObject_Init` or :c:func:"
|
||
"`PyObject_INIT`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1712 ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1729
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1746
|
||
msgid "Example::"
|
||
msgstr "Exemple ::"
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1726
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Ensure that all custom ``tp_dealloc`` functions of heap-allocated types "
|
||
"decrease the type's reference count."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1741
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Eddie Elizondo in :issue:`35810`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1743
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :c:macro:`Py_DEPRECATED()` macro has been implemented for MSVC. The "
|
||
"macro now must be placed before the symbol name."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1750
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :issue:`33407`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1752
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The interpreter does not pretend to support binary compatibility of "
|
||
"extension types across feature releases, anymore. A :c:type:`PyTypeObject` "
|
||
"exported by a third-party extension module is supposed to have all the slots "
|
||
"expected in the current Python version, including :c:member:`~PyTypeObject."
|
||
"tp_finalize` (:const:`Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_FINALIZE` is not checked anymore "
|
||
"before reading :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_finalize`)."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1759
|
||
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`32388`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1761
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :c:func:`PyCode_New` has a new parameter in the second position "
|
||
"(*posonlyargcount*) to support :pep:`570`, indicating the number of "
|
||
"positional-only arguments."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1764
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The functions :c:func:`PyNode_AddChild` and :c:func:`PyParser_AddToken` now "
|
||
"accept two additional ``int`` arguments *end_lineno* and *end_col_offset*."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1769
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :file:`libpython38.a` file to allow MinGW tools to link directly "
|
||
"against :file:`python38.dll` is no longer included in the regular Windows "
|
||
"distribution. If you require this file, it may be generated with the "
|
||
"``gendef`` and ``dlltool`` tools, which are part of the MinGW binutils "
|
||
"package::"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1777
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The location of an installed :file:`pythonXY.dll` will depend on the "
|
||
"installation options and the version and language of Windows. See :ref:"
|
||
"`using-on-windows` for more information. The resulting library should be "
|
||
"placed in the same directory as :file:`pythonXY.lib`, which is generally "
|
||
"the :file:`libs` directory under your Python installation."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1787
|
||
msgid "CPython bytecode changes"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1789
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The interpreter loop has been simplified by moving the logic of unrolling "
|
||
"the stack of blocks into the compiler. The compiler emits now explicit "
|
||
"instructions for adjusting the stack of values and calling the cleaning-up "
|
||
"code for :keyword:`break`, :keyword:`continue` and :keyword:`return`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1795
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Removed opcodes :opcode:`BREAK_LOOP`, :opcode:`CONTINUE_LOOP`, :opcode:"
|
||
"`SETUP_LOOP` and :opcode:`SETUP_EXCEPT`. Added new opcodes :opcode:"
|
||
"`ROT_FOUR`, :opcode:`BEGIN_FINALLY`, :opcode:`CALL_FINALLY` and :opcode:"
|
||
"`POP_FINALLY`. Changed the behavior of :opcode:`END_FINALLY` and :opcode:"
|
||
"`WITH_CLEANUP_START`."
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1801
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"(Contributed by Mark Shannon, Antoine Pitrou and Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:"
|
||
"`17611`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1804
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added new opcode :opcode:`END_ASYNC_FOR` for handling exceptions raised when "
|
||
"awaiting a next item in an :keyword:`async for` loop. (Contributed by Serhiy "
|
||
"Storchaka in :issue:`33041`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1808
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"The :opcode:`MAP_ADD` now expects the value as the first element in the "
|
||
"stack and the key as the second element. This change was made so the key is "
|
||
"always evaluated before the value in dictionary comprehensions, as proposed "
|
||
"by :pep:`572`. (Contributed by Jörn Heissler in :issue:`35224`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1815
|
||
msgid "Demos and Tools"
|
||
msgstr ""
|
||
|
||
#: ../Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst:1817
|
||
msgid ""
|
||
"Added a benchmark script for timing various ways to access variables: "
|
||
"``Tools/scripts/var_access_benchmark.py``. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger "
|
||
"in :issue:`35884`.)"
|
||
msgstr ""
|