python-docs-fr/library/urllib.po

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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 1990-2016, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 2.7\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:44+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:2
msgid ":mod:`urllib` --- Open arbitrary resources by URL"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:8
msgid ""
"The :mod:`urllib` module has been split into parts and renamed in Python 3 "
"to :mod:`urllib.request`, :mod:`urllib.parse`, and :mod:`urllib.error`. The :"
"term:`2to3` tool will automatically adapt imports when converting your "
"sources to Python 3. Also note that the :func:`urllib.request.urlopen` "
"function in Python 3 is equivalent to :func:`urllib2.urlopen` and that :func:"
"`urllib.urlopen` has been removed."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:21
msgid ""
"This module provides a high-level interface for fetching data across the "
"World Wide Web. In particular, the :func:`urlopen` function is similar to "
"the built-in function :func:`open`, but accepts Universal Resource Locators "
"(URLs) instead of filenames. Some restrictions apply --- it can only open "
"URLs for reading, and no seek operations are available."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:29
msgid ""
"The `Requests package <http://requests.readthedocs.org/>`_ is recommended "
"for a higher-level HTTP client interface."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:32
msgid ""
"When opening HTTPS URLs, it does not attempt to validate the server "
"certificate. Use at your own risk!"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:37
msgid "High-level interface"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:41
msgid ""
"Open a network object denoted by a URL for reading. If the URL does not "
"have a scheme identifier, or if it has :file:`file:` as its scheme "
"identifier, this opens a local file (without :term:`universal newlines`); "
"otherwise it opens a socket to a server somewhere on the network. If the "
"connection cannot be made the :exc:`IOError` exception is raised. If all "
"went well, a file-like object is returned. This supports the following "
"methods: :meth:`read`, :meth:`readline`, :meth:`readlines`, :meth:`fileno`, :"
"meth:`close`, :meth:`info`, :meth:`getcode` and :meth:`geturl`. It also has "
"proper support for the :term:`iterator` protocol. One caveat: the :meth:"
"`read` method, if the size argument is omitted or negative, may not read "
"until the end of the data stream; there is no good way to determine that the "
"entire stream from a socket has been read in the general case."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:54
msgid ""
"Except for the :meth:`info`, :meth:`getcode` and :meth:`geturl` methods, "
"these methods have the same interface as for file objects --- see section :"
"ref:`bltin-file-objects` in this manual. (It is not a built-in file object, "
"however, so it can't be used at those few places where a true built-in file "
"object is required.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:62
msgid ""
"The :meth:`info` method returns an instance of the class :class:`mimetools."
"Message` containing meta-information associated with the URL. When the "
"method is HTTP, these headers are those returned by the server at the head "
"of the retrieved HTML page (including Content-Length and Content-Type). "
"When the method is FTP, a Content-Length header will be present if (as is "
"now usual) the server passed back a file length in response to the FTP "
"retrieval request. A Content-Type header will be present if the MIME type "
"can be guessed. When the method is local-file, returned headers will "
"include a Date representing the file's last-modified time, a Content-Length "
"giving file size, and a Content-Type containing a guess at the file's type. "
"See also the description of the :mod:`mimetools` module."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:74
msgid ""
"The :meth:`geturl` method returns the real URL of the page. In some cases, "
"the HTTP server redirects a client to another URL. The :func:`urlopen` "
"function handles this transparently, but in some cases the caller needs to "
"know which URL the client was redirected to. The :meth:`geturl` method can "
"be used to get at this redirected URL."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:80
msgid ""
"The :meth:`getcode` method returns the HTTP status code that was sent with "
"the response, or ``None`` if the URL is no HTTP URL."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:83
msgid ""
"If the *url* uses the :file:`http:` scheme identifier, the optional *data* "
"argument may be given to specify a ``POST`` request (normally the request "
"type is ``GET``). The *data* argument must be in standard :mimetype:"
"`application/x-www-form-urlencoded` format; see the :func:`urlencode` "
"function below."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:89
msgid ""
"The :func:`urlopen` function works transparently with proxies which do not "
"require authentication. In a Unix or Windows environment, set the :envvar:"
"`http_proxy`, or :envvar:`ftp_proxy` environment variables to a URL that "
"identifies the proxy server before starting the Python interpreter. For "
"example (the ``'%'`` is the command prompt)::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:100
msgid ""
"The :envvar:`no_proxy` environment variable can be used to specify hosts "
"which shouldn't be reached via proxy; if set, it should be a comma-separated "
"list of hostname suffixes, optionally with ``:port`` appended, for example "
"``cern.ch,ncsa.uiuc.edu,some.host:8080``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:105
msgid ""
"In a Windows environment, if no proxy environment variables are set, proxy "
"settings are obtained from the registry's Internet Settings section."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:110
msgid ""
"In a Mac OS X environment, :func:`urlopen` will retrieve proxy information "
"from the OS X System Configuration Framework, which can be managed with "
"Network System Preferences panel."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:115
msgid ""
"Alternatively, the optional *proxies* argument may be used to explicitly "
"specify proxies. It must be a dictionary mapping scheme names to proxy "
"URLs, where an empty dictionary causes no proxies to be used, and ``None`` "
"(the default value) causes environmental proxy settings to be used as "
"discussed above. For example::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:130
msgid ""
"Proxies which require authentication for use are not currently supported; "
"this is considered an implementation limitation."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:133
msgid ""
"The *context* parameter may be set to a :class:`ssl.SSLContext` instance to "
"configure the SSL settings that are used if :func:`urlopen` makes a HTTPS "
"connection."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:137
msgid "Added the *proxies* support."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:140
msgid ""
"Added :meth:`getcode` to returned object and support for the :envvar:"
"`no_proxy` environment variable."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:144
msgid "The *context* parameter was added."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:147
msgid ""
"The :func:`urlopen` function has been removed in Python 3 in favor of :func:"
"`urllib2.urlopen`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:154
msgid ""
"Copy a network object denoted by a URL to a local file, if necessary. If the "
"URL points to a local file, or a valid cached copy of the object exists, the "
"object is not copied. Return a tuple ``(filename, headers)`` where "
"*filename* is the local file name under which the object can be found, and "
"*headers* is whatever the :meth:`info` method of the object returned by :"
"func:`urlopen` returned (for a remote object, possibly cached). Exceptions "
"are the same as for :func:`urlopen`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:162
msgid ""
"The second argument, if present, specifies the file location to copy to (if "
"absent, the location will be a tempfile with a generated name). The third "
"argument, if present, is a hook function that will be called once on "
"establishment of the network connection and once after each block read "
"thereafter. The hook will be passed three arguments; a count of blocks "
"transferred so far, a block size in bytes, and the total size of the file. "
"The third argument may be ``-1`` on older FTP servers which do not return a "
"file size in response to a retrieval request."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:171 ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:375
msgid ""
"If the *url* uses the :file:`http:` scheme identifier, the optional *data* "
"argument may be given to specify a ``POST`` request (normally the request "
"type is ``GET``). The *data* argument must in standard :mimetype:"
"`application/x-www-form-urlencoded` format; see the :func:`urlencode` "
"function below."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:177
msgid ""
":func:`urlretrieve` will raise :exc:`ContentTooShortError` when it detects "
"that the amount of data available was less than the expected amount (which "
"is the size reported by a *Content-Length* header). This can occur, for "
"example, when the download is interrupted."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:183
msgid ""
"The *Content-Length* is treated as a lower bound: if there's more data to "
"read, :func:`urlretrieve` reads more data, but if less data is available, "
"it raises the exception."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:187
msgid ""
"You can still retrieve the downloaded data in this case, it is stored in "
"the :attr:`content` attribute of the exception instance."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:190
msgid ""
"If no *Content-Length* header was supplied, :func:`urlretrieve` can not "
"check the size of the data it has downloaded, and just returns it. In this "
"case you just have to assume that the download was successful."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:197
msgid ""
"The public functions :func:`urlopen` and :func:`urlretrieve` create an "
"instance of the :class:`FancyURLopener` class and use it to perform their "
"requested actions. To override this functionality, programmers can create a "
"subclass of :class:`URLopener` or :class:`FancyURLopener`, then assign an "
"instance of that class to the ``urllib._urlopener`` variable before calling "
"the desired function. For example, applications may want to specify a "
"different :mailheader:`User-Agent` header than :class:`URLopener` defines. "
"This can be accomplished with the following code::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:216
msgid ""
"Clear the cache that may have been built up by previous calls to :func:"
"`urlretrieve`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:221
msgid "Utility functions"
msgstr "Fonctions utilitaires"
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:225
msgid ""
"Replace special characters in *string* using the ``%xx`` escape. Letters, "
"digits, and the characters ``'_.-'`` are never quoted. By default, this "
"function is intended for quoting the path section of the URL. The optional "
"*safe* parameter specifies additional characters that should not be quoted "
"--- its default value is ``'/'``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:231
msgid "Example: ``quote('/~connolly/')`` yields ``'/%7econnolly/'``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:236
msgid ""
"Like :func:`quote`, but also replaces spaces by plus signs, as required for "
"quoting HTML form values when building up a query string to go into a URL. "
"Plus signs in the original string are escaped unless they are included in "
"*safe*. It also does not have *safe* default to ``'/'``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:244
msgid "Replace ``%xx`` escapes by their single-character equivalent."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:246
msgid "Example: ``unquote('/%7Econnolly/')`` yields ``'/~connolly/'``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:251
msgid ""
"Like :func:`unquote`, but also replaces plus signs by spaces, as required "
"for unquoting HTML form values."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:257
msgid ""
"Convert a mapping object or a sequence of two-element tuples to a \"percent-"
"encoded\" string, suitable to pass to :func:`urlopen` above as the optional "
"*data* argument. This is useful to pass a dictionary of form fields to a "
"``POST`` request. The resulting string is a series of ``key=value`` pairs "
"separated by ``'&'`` characters, where both *key* and *value* are quoted "
"using :func:`quote_plus` above. When a sequence of two-element tuples is "
"used as the *query* argument, the first element of each tuple is a key and "
"the second is a value. The value element in itself can be a sequence and in "
"that case, if the optional parameter *doseq* is evaluates to ``True``, "
"individual ``key=value`` pairs separated by ``'&'`` are generated for each "
"element of the value sequence for the key. The order of parameters in the "
"encoded string will match the order of parameter tuples in the sequence. "
"The :mod:`urlparse` module provides the functions :func:`parse_qs` and :func:"
"`parse_qsl` which are used to parse query strings into Python data "
"structures."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:276
msgid ""
"Convert the pathname *path* from the local syntax for a path to the form "
"used in the path component of a URL. This does not produce a complete URL. "
"The return value will already be quoted using the :func:`quote` function."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:283
msgid ""
"Convert the path component *path* from a percent-encoded URL to the local "
"syntax for a path. This does not accept a complete URL. This function "
"uses :func:`unquote` to decode *path*."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:290
msgid ""
"This helper function returns a dictionary of scheme to proxy server URL "
"mappings. It scans the environment for variables named ``<scheme>_proxy``, "
"in case insensitive way, for all operating systems first, and when it cannot "
"find it, looks for proxy information from Mac OSX System Configuration for "
"Mac OS X and Windows Systems Registry for Windows. If both lowercase and "
"uppercase environment variables exist (and disagree), lowercase is preferred."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:300
msgid ""
"If the environment variable ``REQUEST_METHOD`` is set, which usually "
"indicates your script is running in a CGI environment, the environment "
"variable ``HTTP_PROXY`` (uppercase ``_PROXY``) will be ignored. This is "
"because that variable can be injected by a client using the \"Proxy:\" HTTP "
"header. If you need to use an HTTP proxy in a CGI environment, either use "
"``ProxyHandler`` explicitly, or make sure the variable name is in lowercase "
"(or at least the ``_proxy`` suffix)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:309
msgid ""
"urllib also exposes certain utility functions like splittype, splithost and "
"others parsing URL into various components. But it is recommended to use :"
"mod:`urlparse` for parsing URLs rather than using these functions directly. "
"Python 3 does not expose these helper functions from :mod:`urllib.parse` "
"module."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:317
msgid "URL Opener objects"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:321
msgid ""
"Base class for opening and reading URLs. Unless you need to support opening "
"objects using schemes other than :file:`http:`, :file:`ftp:`, or :file:`file:"
"`, you probably want to use :class:`FancyURLopener`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:325
msgid ""
"By default, the :class:`URLopener` class sends a :mailheader:`User-Agent` "
"header of ``urllib/VVV``, where *VVV* is the :mod:`urllib` version number. "
"Applications can define their own :mailheader:`User-Agent` header by "
"subclassing :class:`URLopener` or :class:`FancyURLopener` and setting the "
"class attribute :attr:`version` to an appropriate string value in the "
"subclass definition."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:331
msgid ""
"The optional *proxies* parameter should be a dictionary mapping scheme names "
"to proxy URLs, where an empty dictionary turns proxies off completely. Its "
"default value is ``None``, in which case environmental proxy settings will "
"be used if present, as discussed in the definition of :func:`urlopen`, above."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:336
msgid ""
"The *context* parameter may be a :class:`ssl.SSLContext` instance. If "
"given, it defines the SSL settings the opener uses to make HTTPS connections."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:339
msgid ""
"Additional keyword parameters, collected in *x509*, may be used for "
"authentication of the client when using the :file:`https:` scheme. The "
"keywords *key_file* and *cert_file* are supported to provide an SSL key and "
"certificate; both are needed to support client authentication."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:344
msgid ""
":class:`URLopener` objects will raise an :exc:`IOError` exception if the "
"server returns an error code."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:349
msgid ""
"Open *fullurl* using the appropriate protocol. This method sets up cache "
"and proxy information, then calls the appropriate open method with its input "
"arguments. If the scheme is not recognized, :meth:`open_unknown` is called. "
"The *data* argument has the same meaning as the *data* argument of :func:"
"`urlopen`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:358
msgid "Overridable interface to open unknown URL types."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:363
msgid ""
"Retrieves the contents of *url* and places it in *filename*. The return "
"value is a tuple consisting of a local filename and either a :class:"
"`mimetools.Message` object containing the response headers (for remote URLs) "
"or ``None`` (for local URLs). The caller must then open and read the "
"contents of *filename*. If *filename* is not given and the URL refers to a "
"local file, the input filename is returned. If the URL is non-local and "
"*filename* is not given, the filename is the output of :func:`tempfile."
"mktemp` with a suffix that matches the suffix of the last path component of "
"the input URL. If *reporthook* is given, it must be a function accepting "
"three numeric parameters. It will be called after each chunk of data is "
"read from the network. *reporthook* is ignored for local URLs."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:384
msgid ""
"Variable that specifies the user agent of the opener object. To get :mod:"
"`urllib` to tell servers that it is a particular user agent, set this in a "
"subclass as a class variable or in the constructor before calling the base "
"constructor."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:392
msgid ""
":class:`FancyURLopener` subclasses :class:`URLopener` providing default "
"handling for the following HTTP response codes: 301, 302, 303, 307 and 401. "
"For the 30x response codes listed above, the :mailheader:`Location` header "
"is used to fetch the actual URL. For 401 response codes (authentication "
"required), basic HTTP authentication is performed. For the 30x response "
"codes, recursion is bounded by the value of the *maxtries* attribute, which "
"defaults to 10."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:399
msgid ""
"For all other response codes, the method :meth:`http_error_default` is "
"called which you can override in subclasses to handle the error "
"appropriately."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:404
msgid ""
"According to the letter of :rfc:`2616`, 301 and 302 responses to POST "
"requests must not be automatically redirected without confirmation by the "
"user. In reality, browsers do allow automatic redirection of these "
"responses, changing the POST to a GET, and :mod:`urllib` reproduces this "
"behaviour."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:409
msgid ""
"The parameters to the constructor are the same as those for :class:"
"`URLopener`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:413
msgid ""
"When performing basic authentication, a :class:`FancyURLopener` instance "
"calls its :meth:`prompt_user_passwd` method. The default implementation "
"asks the users for the required information on the controlling terminal. A "
"subclass may override this method to support more appropriate behavior if "
"needed."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:418
msgid ""
"The :class:`FancyURLopener` class offers one additional method that should "
"be overloaded to provide the appropriate behavior:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:423
msgid ""
"Return information needed to authenticate the user at the given host in the "
"specified security realm. The return value should be a tuple, ``(user, "
"password)``, which can be used for basic authentication."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:427
msgid ""
"The implementation prompts for this information on the terminal; an "
"application should override this method to use an appropriate interaction "
"model in the local environment."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:433
msgid ""
"This exception is raised when the :func:`urlretrieve` function detects that "
"the amount of the downloaded data is less than the expected amount (given "
"by the *Content-Length* header). The :attr:`content` attribute stores the "
"downloaded (and supposedly truncated) data."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:442
msgid ":mod:`urllib` Restrictions"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:448
msgid ""
"Currently, only the following protocols are supported: HTTP, (versions 0.9 "
"and 1.0), FTP, and local files."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:451
msgid ""
"The caching feature of :func:`urlretrieve` has been disabled until I find "
"the time to hack proper processing of Expiration time headers."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:454
msgid ""
"There should be a function to query whether a particular URL is in the cache."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:456
msgid ""
"For backward compatibility, if a URL appears to point to a local file but "
"the file can't be opened, the URL is re-interpreted using the FTP protocol. "
"This can sometimes cause confusing error messages."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:460
msgid ""
"The :func:`urlopen` and :func:`urlretrieve` functions can cause arbitrarily "
"long delays while waiting for a network connection to be set up. This means "
"that it is difficult to build an interactive Web client using these "
"functions without using threads."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:470
msgid ""
"The data returned by :func:`urlopen` or :func:`urlretrieve` is the raw data "
"returned by the server. This may be binary data (such as an image), plain "
"text or (for example) HTML. The HTTP protocol provides type information in "
"the reply header, which can be inspected by looking at the :mailheader:"
"`Content-Type` header. If the returned data is HTML, you can use the "
"module :mod:`htmllib` to parse it."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:479
msgid ""
"The code handling the FTP protocol cannot differentiate between a file and a "
"directory. This can lead to unexpected behavior when attempting to read a "
"URL that points to a file that is not accessible. If the URL ends in a ``/"
"``, it is assumed to refer to a directory and will be handled accordingly. "
"But if an attempt to read a file leads to a 550 error (meaning the URL "
"cannot be found or is not accessible, often for permission reasons), then "
"the path is treated as a directory in order to handle the case when a "
"directory is specified by a URL but the trailing ``/`` has been left off. "
"This can cause misleading results when you try to fetch a file whose read "
"permissions make it inaccessible; the FTP code will try to read it, fail "
"with a 550 error, and then perform a directory listing for the unreadable "
"file. If fine-grained control is needed, consider using the :mod:`ftplib` "
"module, subclassing :class:`FancyURLopener`, or changing *_urlopener* to "
"meet your needs."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:493
msgid ""
"This module does not support the use of proxies which require "
"authentication. This may be implemented in the future."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:498
msgid ""
"Although the :mod:`urllib` module contains (undocumented) routines to parse "
"and unparse URL strings, the recommended interface for URL manipulation is "
"in module :mod:`urlparse`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:506
msgid "Examples"
msgstr "Exemples"
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:508
msgid ""
"Here is an example session that uses the ``GET`` method to retrieve a URL "
"containing parameters::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:516
msgid "The following example uses the ``POST`` method instead::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:523
msgid ""
"The following example uses an explicitly specified HTTP proxy, overriding "
"environment settings::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/urllib.rst:532
msgid ""
"The following example uses no proxies at all, overriding environment "
"settings::"
msgstr ""