python-docs-fr/reference/executionmodel.po

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#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:6
msgid "Execution model"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:15
msgid "Structure of a program"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:19
msgid ""
"A Python program is constructed from code blocks. A :dfn:`block` is a piece "
"of Python program text that is executed as a unit. The following are blocks: "
"a module, a function body, and a class definition. Each command typed "
"interactively is a block.  A script file (a file given as standard input to "
"the interpreter or specified as a command line argument to the interpreter) "
"is a code block.  A script command (a command specified on the interpreter "
"command line with the '**-c**' option) is a code block.  The string argument "
"passed to the built-in functions :func:`eval` and :func:`exec` is a code "
"block."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:31
msgid ""
"A code block is executed in an :dfn:`execution frame`.  A frame contains "
"some administrative information (used for debugging) and determines where "
"and how execution continues after the code block's execution has completed."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:38
msgid "Naming and binding"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:47
msgid "Binding of names"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:53
msgid ""
":dfn:`Names` refer to objects.  Names are introduced by name binding "
"operations."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:57
msgid ""
"The following constructs bind names: formal parameters to functions, :"
"keyword:`import` statements, class and function definitions (these bind the "
"class or function name in the defining block), and targets that are "
"identifiers if occurring in an assignment, :keyword:`for` loop header, or "
"after :keyword:`as` in a :keyword:`with` statement or :keyword:`except` "
"clause. The :keyword:`import` statement of the form ``from ... import *`` "
"binds all names defined in the imported module, except those beginning with "
"an underscore.  This form may only be used at the module level."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:67
msgid ""
"A target occurring in a :keyword:`del` statement is also considered bound "
"for this purpose (though the actual semantics are to unbind the name)."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:70
msgid ""
"Each assignment or import statement occurs within a block defined by a class "
"or function definition or at the module level (the top-level code block)."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:75
msgid ""
"If a name is bound in a block, it is a local variable of that block, unless "
"declared as :keyword:`nonlocal` or :keyword:`global`.  If a name is bound at "
"the module level, it is a global variable.  (The variables of the module "
"code block are local and global.)  If a variable is used in a code block but "
"not defined there, it is a :dfn:`free variable`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:81
msgid ""
"Each occurrence of a name in the program text refers to the :dfn:`binding` "
"of that name established by the following name resolution rules."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:87
msgid "Resolution of names"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:91
msgid ""
"A :dfn:`scope` defines the visibility of a name within a block.  If a local "
"variable is defined in a block, its scope includes that block.  If the "
"definition occurs in a function block, the scope extends to any blocks "
"contained within the defining one, unless a contained block introduces a "
"different binding for the name."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:99
msgid ""
"When a name is used in a code block, it is resolved using the nearest "
"enclosing scope.  The set of all such scopes visible to a code block is "
"called the block's :dfn:`environment`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:107
msgid ""
"When a name is not found at all, a :exc:`NameError` exception is raised. If "
"the current scope is a function scope, and the name refers to a local "
"variable that has not yet been bound to a value at the point where the name "
"is used, an :exc:`UnboundLocalError` exception is raised. :exc:"
"`UnboundLocalError` is a subclass of :exc:`NameError`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:113
msgid ""
"If a name binding operation occurs anywhere within a code block, all uses of "
"the name within the block are treated as references to the current block.  "
"This can lead to errors when a name is used within a block before it is "
"bound.  This rule is subtle.  Python lacks declarations and allows name "
"binding operations to occur anywhere within a code block.  The local "
"variables of a code block can be determined by scanning the entire text of "
"the block for name binding operations."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:120
msgid ""
"If the :keyword:`global` statement occurs within a block, all uses of the "
"name specified in the statement refer to the binding of that name in the top-"
"level namespace.  Names are resolved in the top-level namespace by searching "
"the global namespace, i.e. the namespace of the module containing the code "
"block, and the builtins namespace, the namespace of the module :mod:"
"`builtins`.  The global namespace is searched first.  If the name is not "
"found there, the builtins namespace is searched.  The :keyword:`global` "
"statement must precede all uses of the name."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:129
msgid ""
"The :keyword:`global` statement has the same scope as a name binding "
"operation in the same block.  If the nearest enclosing scope for a free "
"variable contains a global statement, the free variable is treated as a "
"global."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:135
msgid ""
"The :keyword:`nonlocal` statement causes corresponding names to refer to "
"previously bound variables in the nearest enclosing function scope. :exc:"
"`SyntaxError` is raised at compile time if the given name does not exist in "
"any enclosing function scope."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:142
msgid ""
"The namespace for a module is automatically created the first time a module "
"is imported.  The main module for a script is always called :mod:`__main__`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:145
msgid ""
"Class definition blocks and arguments to :func:`exec` and :func:`eval` are "
"special in the context of name resolution. A class definition is an "
"executable statement that may use and define names. These references follow "
"the normal rules for name resolution with an exception that unbound local "
"variables are looked up in the global namespace. The namespace of the class "
"definition becomes the attribute dictionary of the class. The scope of names "
"defined in a class block is limited to the class block; it does not extend "
"to the code blocks of methods -- this includes comprehensions and generator "
"expressions since they are implemented using a function scope.  This means "
"that the following will fail::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:163
msgid "Builtins and restricted execution"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:169
msgid ""
"Users should not touch ``__builtins__``; it is strictly an implementation "
"detail.  Users wanting to override values in the builtins namespace should :"
"keyword:`import` the :mod:`builtins` module and modify its attributes "
"appropriately."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:174
msgid ""
"The builtins namespace associated with the execution of a code block is "
"actually found by looking up the name ``__builtins__`` in its global "
"namespace; this should be a dictionary or a module (in the latter case the "
"module's dictionary is used).  By default, when in the :mod:`__main__` "
"module, ``__builtins__`` is the built-in module :mod:`builtins`; when in any "
"other module, ``__builtins__`` is an alias for the dictionary of the :mod:"
"`builtins` module itself."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:186
msgid "Interaction with dynamic features"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:188
msgid ""
"Name resolution of free variables occurs at runtime, not at compile time. "
"This means that the following code will print 42::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:199
msgid ""
"The :func:`eval` and :func:`exec` functions do not have access to the full "
"environment for resolving names.  Names may be resolved in the local and "
"global namespaces of the caller.  Free variables are not resolved in the "
"nearest enclosing namespace, but in the global namespace.  [#]_ The :func:"
"`exec` and :func:`eval` functions have optional arguments to override the "
"global and local namespace.  If only one namespace is specified, it is used "
"for both."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:210
msgid "Exceptions"
msgstr "Les exceptions"

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:221
msgid ""
"Exceptions are a means of breaking out of the normal flow of control of a "
"code block in order to handle errors or other exceptional conditions.  An "
"exception is *raised* at the point where the error is detected; it may be "
"*handled* by the surrounding code block or by any code block that directly "
"or indirectly invoked the code block where the error occurred."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:227
msgid ""
"The Python interpreter raises an exception when it detects a run-time error "
"(such as division by zero).  A Python program can also explicitly raise an "
"exception with the :keyword:`raise` statement. Exception handlers are "
"specified with the :keyword:`try` ... :keyword:`except` statement.  The :"
"keyword:`finally` clause of such a statement can be used to specify cleanup "
"code which does not handle the exception, but is executed whether an "
"exception occurred or not in the preceding code."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:237
msgid ""
"Python uses the \"termination\" model of error handling: an exception "
"handler can find out what happened and continue execution at an outer level, "
"but it cannot repair the cause of the error and retry the failing operation "
"(except by re-entering the offending piece of code from the top)."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:244
msgid ""
"When an exception is not handled at all, the interpreter terminates "
"execution of the program, or returns to its interactive main loop.  In "
"either case, it prints a stack backtrace, except when the exception is :exc:"
"`SystemExit`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:248
msgid ""
"Exceptions are identified by class instances.  The :keyword:`except` clause "
"is selected depending on the class of the instance: it must reference the "
"class of the instance or a base class thereof.  The instance can be received "
"by the handler and can carry additional information about the exceptional "
"condition."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:255
msgid ""
"Exception messages are not part of the Python API.  Their contents may "
"change from one version of Python to the next without warning and should not "
"be relied on by code which will run under multiple versions of the "
"interpreter."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:259
msgid ""
"See also the description of the :keyword:`try` statement in section :ref:"
"`try` and :keyword:`raise` statement in section :ref:`raise`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:264
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Notes"

#: ../Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:265
msgid ""
"This limitation occurs because the code that is executed by these operations "
"is not available at the time the module is compiled."
msgstr ""