python-docs-fr/library/multiprocessing.po

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#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2
msgid ":mod:`multiprocessing` --- Process-based \"threading\" interface"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:11
msgid "Introduction"
msgstr "Introduction"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:13
msgid ""
":mod:`multiprocessing` is a package that supports spawning processes using "
"an API similar to the :mod:`threading` module.  The :mod:`multiprocessing` "
"package offers both local and remote concurrency, effectively side-stepping "
"the :term:`Global Interpreter Lock` by using subprocesses instead of "
"threads.  Due to this, the :mod:`multiprocessing` module allows the "
"programmer to fully leverage multiple processors on a given machine.  It "
"runs on both Unix and Windows."
msgstr ""
":mod:`multiprocessing` est un paquet qui permet l'instanciation de processus "
"via la même API que le module :mod:`threading`. Le paquet :mod:"
"`multiprocessing` offre à la fois des possibilités de programmation "
"concurrente locale ou à distance, contournant les problèmes du :term:`Global "
"Interpreter Lock` en utilisant des processus plutôt que des fils "
"d'exécution. Ainsi, le module :mod:`multiprocessing` permet au développeur "
"de bénéficier entièrement des multiples processeurs sur une machine. Il "
"tourne à la fois sur les systèmes Unix et Windows."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:21
msgid ""
"The :mod:`multiprocessing` module also introduces APIs which do not have "
"analogs in the :mod:`threading` module.  A prime example of this is the :"
"class:`Pool` object which offers a convenient means of parallelizing the "
"execution of a function across multiple input values, distributing the input "
"data across processes (data parallelism).  The following example "
"demonstrates the common practice of defining such functions in a module so "
"that child processes can successfully import that module.  This basic "
"example of data parallelism using :class:`Pool`, ::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:39
msgid "will print to standard output ::"
msgstr "affiche sur la sortie standard : ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:45
msgid "The :class:`Process` class"
msgstr "La classe :class:`Process`"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:47
msgid ""
"In :mod:`multiprocessing`, processes are spawned by creating a :class:"
"`Process` object and then calling its :meth:`~Process.start` method.  :class:"
"`Process` follows the API of :class:`threading.Thread`.  A trivial example "
"of a multiprocess program is ::"
msgstr ""
"Dans le module :mod:`multiprocessing`, les processus sont instanciés en "
"créant un objet :class:`Process` et en appelant sa méthode :meth:`~Process."
"start`. La classe :class:`Process` suit la même API que :class:`threading."
"Thread`. Un exemple trivial d'un programme multi-processus est : ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:62
msgid ""
"To show the individual process IDs involved, here is an expanded example::"
msgstr ""
"Pour afficher les IDs des processus impliqués, voici un exemple plus "
"étoffé : ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:84
msgid ""
"For an explanation of why (on Windows) the ``if __name__ == '__main__'`` "
"part is necessary, see :ref:`multiprocessing-programming`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:89
msgid "Exchanging objects between processes"
msgstr "Échange d'objets entre les processus"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:91
msgid ""
":mod:`multiprocessing` supports two types of communication channel between "
"processes:"
msgstr ""
":mod:`multiprocessing` gère deux types de canaux de communication entre les "
"processus :"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:94
msgid "**Queues**"
msgstr "**Queues**"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:96
msgid ""
"The :class:`~multiprocessing.Queue` class is a near clone of :class:`Queue."
"Queue`.  For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:111
msgid "Queues are thread and process safe."
msgstr ""
"Les queues peuvent être utilisées par plusieurs fils d'exécution ou "
"processus."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:113
msgid "**Pipes**"
msgstr "**Pipes**"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:115
msgid ""
"The :func:`Pipe` function returns a pair of connection objects connected by "
"a pipe which by default is duplex (two-way).  For example::"
msgstr ""
"La fonction :func:`Pipe` renvoie une paire d'objets de connexion connectés à "
"un tube qui est par défaut à double-sens. Par exemple : ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:131
msgid ""
"The two connection objects returned by :func:`Pipe` represent the two ends "
"of the pipe.  Each connection object has :meth:`~Connection.send` and :meth:"
"`~Connection.recv` methods (among others).  Note that data in a pipe may "
"become corrupted if two processes (or threads) try to read from or write to "
"the *same* end of the pipe at the same time.  Of course there is no risk of "
"corruption from processes using different ends of the pipe at the same time."
msgstr ""
"Les deux objets de connexion renvoyés par :func:`Pipe` représentent les deux "
"bouts d'un tube. Chaque objet de connexion possède (entre autres) des "
"méthodes :meth:`~Connection.send` et :meth:`~Connection.recv`. Notez que les "
"données d'un tube peuvent être corrompues si deux processus (ou fils "
"d'exécution) essaient de lire ou d'écrire sur le même bout du tube en même "
"temps. Évidemment il n'y a pas de risque de corruption si les processus "
"utilisent deux bouts différents en même temps."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:141
msgid "Synchronization between processes"
msgstr "Synchronisation entre processus"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:143
msgid ""
":mod:`multiprocessing` contains equivalents of all the synchronization "
"primitives from :mod:`threading`.  For instance one can use a lock to ensure "
"that only one process prints to standard output at a time::"
msgstr ""
":mod:`multiprocessing` contient des équivalents à toutes les primitives de "
"synchronisation de :mod:`threading`. Par exemple il est possible d'utiliser "
"un verrou pour s'assurer qu'un seul processus à la fois écrit sur la sortie "
"standard : ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:160
msgid ""
"Without using the lock output from the different processes is liable to get "
"all mixed up."
msgstr ""
"Sans le verrou, les sorties des différents processus risquent d'être "
"mélangées."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:165
msgid "Sharing state between processes"
msgstr "Partager un état entre les processus"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:167
msgid ""
"As mentioned above, when doing concurrent programming it is usually best to "
"avoid using shared state as far as possible.  This is particularly true when "
"using multiple processes."
msgstr ""
"Comme mentionné plus haut, il est généralement préférable d'éviter autant "
"que possible d'utiliser des états partagés en programmation concurrente. "
"C'est particulièrement vrai quand plusieurs processus sont utilisés."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:171
msgid ""
"However, if you really do need to use some shared data then :mod:"
"`multiprocessing` provides a couple of ways of doing so."
msgstr ""
"Cependant, si vous devez réellement partager des données, :mod:"
"`multiprocessing` permet de le faire de deux manières."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:174
msgid "**Shared memory**"
msgstr "**Mémoire partagée**"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:176
msgid ""
"Data can be stored in a shared memory map using :class:`Value` or :class:"
"`Array`.  For example, the following code ::"
msgstr ""
"Les données peuvent être stockées dans une mémoire partagée en utilisant "
"des :class:`Value` ou des :class:`Array`. Par exemple, le code suivant : ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:197
#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:244
msgid "will print ::"
msgstr "affiche : ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:202
msgid ""
"The ``'d'`` and ``'i'`` arguments used when creating ``num`` and ``arr`` are "
"typecodes of the kind used by the :mod:`array` module: ``'d'`` indicates a "
"double precision float and ``'i'`` indicates a signed integer.  These shared "
"objects will be process and thread-safe."
msgstr ""
"Les arguments ``'d'`` et ``'i'`` utilisés à la création des ``num`` et "
"`arr`` sont des codes de types tels qu'utilisés par le module :mod:`array` : "
"``'d'`` indique un flottant double-précision et ``'i'`` indique un entier "
"signé. Ces objets partagés seront sûr d'utilisation entre processus et fils "
"d'exécution."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:207
msgid ""
"For more flexibility in using shared memory one can use the :mod:"
"`multiprocessing.sharedctypes` module which supports the creation of "
"arbitrary ctypes objects allocated from shared memory."
msgstr ""
"Pour plus de flexibilité dans l'utilisation de mémoire partagée, vous pouvez "
"utiliser le module :mod:`multiprocessing.sharedctypes` qui permet la "
"création d'objets arbitraires *ctypes* alloués depuis la mémoire partagée."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:211
msgid "**Server process**"
msgstr "**Processus serveur**"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:213
msgid ""
"A manager object returned by :func:`Manager` controls a server process which "
"holds Python objects and allows other processes to manipulate them using "
"proxies."
msgstr ""
"Un objet gestionnaire renvoyé par :func:`Manager` contrôle un processus "
"serveur qui détient les objets Python et autorise les autres processus à les "
"manipuler à l'aide de mandataires."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:217
msgid ""
"A manager returned by :func:`Manager` will support types :class:`list`, :"
"class:`dict`, :class:`~managers.Namespace`, :class:`Lock`, :class:`RLock`, :"
"class:`Semaphore`, :class:`BoundedSemaphore`, :class:`Condition`, :class:"
"`Event`, :class:`~multiprocessing.Queue`, :class:`Value` and :class:"
"`Array`.  For example, ::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:249
msgid ""
"Server process managers are more flexible than using shared memory objects "
"because they can be made to support arbitrary object types.  Also, a single "
"manager can be shared by processes on different computers over a network. "
"They are, however, slower than using shared memory."
msgstr ""
"Les processus serveurs de gestionnaires sont plus flexibles que les mémoires "
"partagées parce qu'ils peuvent gérer des types d'objets arbitraires. Aussi, "
"un gestionnaire unique peut être partagé par les processus sur différentes "
"machines à travers le réseau. Cependant, ils sont plus lents que les "
"mémoires partagées."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:256
msgid "Using a pool of workers"
msgstr "Utiliser un réservoir de *workers*"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:258
msgid ""
"The :class:`~multiprocessing.pool.Pool` class represents a pool of worker "
"processes.  It has methods which allows tasks to be offloaded to the worker "
"processes in a few different ways."
msgstr ""
"La classe :class:`~multiprocessing.pool.Pool` représente une *pool* de "
"processus de travail. Elle possède des méthodes qui permettent aux tâches "
"d'être déchargées vers les processus de travail de différentes manières."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:262
msgid "For example::"
msgstr "Par exemple ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:300
msgid ""
"Note that the methods of a pool should only ever be used by the process "
"which created it."
msgstr ""
"Notez que les méthodes d'une *pool* ne devraient être utilisées que par le "
"processus qui l'a créée."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:305
msgid ""
"Functionality within this package requires that the ``__main__`` module be "
"importable by the children. This is covered in :ref:`multiprocessing-"
"programming` however it is worth pointing out here. This means that some "
"examples, such as the :class:`Pool` examples will not work in the "
"interactive interpreter. For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:327
msgid ""
"(If you try this it will actually output three full tracebacks interleaved "
"in a semi-random fashion, and then you may have to stop the master process "
"somehow.)"
msgstr ""
"(Si vous essayez ce code, il affichera trois traces d'appels complètes "
"entrelacées de manière semi-aléatoire, et vous aurez alors à stopper le "
"processus maître.)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:333
msgid "Reference"
msgstr "Référence"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:335
msgid ""
"The :mod:`multiprocessing` package mostly replicates the API of the :mod:"
"`threading` module."
msgstr ""
"Le paquet :mod:`multiprocessing` reproduit en grande partie l'API du module :"
"mod:`threading`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:340
msgid ":class:`Process` and exceptions"
msgstr ":class:`Process` et exceptions"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:344
msgid ""
"Process objects represent activity that is run in a separate process. The :"
"class:`Process` class has equivalents of all the methods of :class:"
"`threading.Thread`."
msgstr ""
"Les objets *process* représentent une activité exécutée dans un processus "
"séparé. La classe :class:`Process` a des équivalents à toutes les méthodes "
"de :class:`threading.Thread`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:348
msgid ""
"The constructor should always be called with keyword arguments. *group* "
"should always be ``None``; it exists solely for compatibility with :class:"
"`threading.Thread`.  *target* is the callable object to be invoked by the :"
"meth:`run()` method.  It defaults to ``None``, meaning nothing is called. "
"*name* is the process name.  By default, a unique name is constructed of the "
"form 'Process-N\\ :sub:`1`:N\\ :sub:`2`:...:N\\ :sub:`k`' where N\\ :sub:`1`,"
"N\\ :sub:`2`,...,N\\ :sub:`k` is a sequence of integers whose length is "
"determined by the *generation* of the process.  *args* is the argument tuple "
"for the target invocation.  *kwargs* is a dictionary of keyword arguments "
"for the target invocation.  By default, no arguments are passed to *target*."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:360
msgid ""
"If a subclass overrides the constructor, it must make sure it invokes the "
"base class constructor (:meth:`Process.__init__`) before doing anything else "
"to the process."
msgstr ""
"Si une sous-classe redéfinit le constructeur, elle doit s'assurer d'invoquer "
"le constructeur de la classe de base (:meth:`Process.__init__`) avant de "
"faire autre chose du processus."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:366
msgid "Method representing the process's activity."
msgstr "Méthode représentant l'activité du processus."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:368
msgid ""
"You may override this method in a subclass.  The standard :meth:`run` method "
"invokes the callable object passed to the object's constructor as the target "
"argument, if any, with sequential and keyword arguments taken from the "
"*args* and *kwargs* arguments, respectively."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez redéfinir cette méthode dans une sous-classe. La méthode "
"standard :meth:`run` invoque l'objet appelable passé au constructeur comme "
"argument *target*, si fourni, avec les arguments séquentiels et nommés "
"respectivement pris depuis les paramètres *args* et *kwargs*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:375
msgid "Start the process's activity."
msgstr "Démarre l'activité du processus."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:377
msgid ""
"This must be called at most once per process object.  It arranges for the "
"object's :meth:`run` method to be invoked in a separate process."
msgstr ""
"Elle doit être appelée au plus une fois par objet processus. Elle s'arrange "
"pour que la méthode :meth:`run` de l'objet soit invoquée dans un processus "
"séparé."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:382
msgid ""
"Block the calling thread until the process whose :meth:`join` method is "
"called terminates or until the optional timeout occurs."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:385
msgid "If *timeout* is ``None`` then there is no timeout."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:387
msgid "A process can be joined many times."
msgstr "*join* peut être appelée plusieurs fois sur un même processus."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:389
msgid ""
"A process cannot join itself because this would cause a deadlock.  It is an "
"error to attempt to join a process before it has been started."
msgstr ""
"Un processus ne peut pas s'attendre lui-même car cela causerait un "
"interblocage. C'est une erreur d'essayer d'attendre un processus avant qu'il "
"ne soit démarré."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:394
msgid "The process's name."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:396
msgid ""
"The name is a string used for identification purposes only.  It has no "
"semantics.  Multiple processes may be given the same name.  The initial name "
"is set by the constructor."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:402
msgid "Return whether the process is alive."
msgstr "Renvoie vrai si le processus est en vie, faux sinon."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:404
msgid ""
"Roughly, a process object is alive from the moment the :meth:`start` method "
"returns until the child process terminates."
msgstr ""
"Grossièrement, un objet processus est en vie depuis le moment où la méthode :"
"meth:`start` finit de s'exécuter jusqu'à ce que le processus fils se termine."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:409
msgid ""
"The process's daemon flag, a Boolean value.  This must be set before :meth:"
"`start` is called."
msgstr ""
"L'option *daemon* du processus, une valeur booléenne. L'option doit être "
"réglée avant que la méthode :meth:`start` ne soit appelée."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:412
msgid "The initial value is inherited from the creating process."
msgstr "La valeur initiale est héritée par le processus créateur."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:414
msgid ""
"When a process exits, it attempts to terminate all of its daemonic child "
"processes."
msgstr ""
"Quand un processus se ferme, il tente de terminer tous ses processus enfants "
"*daemon*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:417
msgid ""
"Note that a daemonic process is not allowed to create child processes. "
"Otherwise a daemonic process would leave its children orphaned if it gets "
"terminated when its parent process exits. Additionally, these are **not** "
"Unix daemons or services, they are normal processes that will be terminated "
"(and not joined) if non-daemonic processes have exited."
msgstr ""
"Notez qu'un processus *daemon* n'est pas autorisé à créer des processus "
"fils. Sinon un processus *daemon* laisserait ses enfants orphelins lorsqu'il "
"se termine par la fermeture de son parent. De plus, ce **ne sont pas** des "
"*daemons* ou services Unix, ce sont des processus normaux qui seront "
"terminés (et non attendus) si un processus non *daemon* se ferme."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:423
msgid ""
"In addition to the  :class:`threading.Thread` API, :class:`Process` objects "
"also support the following attributes and methods:"
msgstr ""
"En plus de l'API :class:`threading.Thread`, les objets :class:`Process` "
"supportent aussi les attributs et méthodes suivants :"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:428
msgid ""
"Return the process ID.  Before the process is spawned, this will be ``None``."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie l'ID du processus. Avant que le processus ne soit lancé, la valeur "
"est ``None``."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:433
msgid ""
"The child's exit code.  This will be ``None`` if the process has not yet "
"terminated.  A negative value *-N* indicates that the child was terminated "
"by signal *N*."
msgstr ""
"Le code de fermeture de l'enfant. La valeur est ``None`` si le processus ne "
"s'est pas encore terminé. Une valeur négative *-N* indique que le fils a été "
"terminé par un signal *N*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:439
msgid "The process's authentication key (a byte string)."
msgstr "La clé d'authentification du processus (une chaîne d'octets)."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:441
msgid ""
"When :mod:`multiprocessing` is initialized the main process is assigned a "
"random string using :func:`os.urandom`."
msgstr ""
"Quand :mod:`multiprocessing` est initialisé, une chaîne aléatoire est "
"assignée au processus principal, en utilisant :func:`os.urandom`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:444
msgid ""
"When a :class:`Process` object is created, it will inherit the "
"authentication key of its parent process, although this may be changed by "
"setting :attr:`authkey` to another byte string."
msgstr ""
"Quand un objet :class:`Process` est créé, il hérité de la clé "
"d'authentification de son parent, bien que cela puisse être changé à l'aide "
"du paramètre :attr:`authkey` pour une autre chaîne d'octets."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:448
msgid "See :ref:`multiprocessing-auth-keys`."
msgstr "Voir :ref:`multiprocessing-auth-keys`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:452
msgid ""
"Terminate the process.  On Unix this is done using the ``SIGTERM`` signal; "
"on Windows :c:func:`TerminateProcess` is used.  Note that exit handlers and "
"finally clauses, etc., will not be executed."
msgstr ""
"Termine le processus. Sous Unix cela est réalisé à l'aide d'un signal "
"``SIGTERM``, sous Windows :c:func:`TerminateProcess` est utilisé. Notez que "
"les gestionnaires de sortie, les clauses `finally` etc. ne sont pas "
"exécutées."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:456
msgid ""
"Note that descendant processes of the process will *not* be terminated -- "
"they will simply become orphaned."
msgstr ""
"Notez que les descendants du processus ne *seront pas* terminés -- ils "
"deviendront simplement orphelins."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:461
msgid ""
"If this method is used when the associated process is using a pipe or queue "
"then the pipe or queue is liable to become corrupted and may become unusable "
"by other process.  Similarly, if the process has acquired a lock or "
"semaphore etc. then terminating it is liable to cause other processes to "
"deadlock."
msgstr ""
"Si cette méthode est utilisée quand le processus associé utilise un tube ou "
"une queue, alors le tube ou la queue sont susceptibles d'être corrompus et "
"peuvent devenir inutilisables par les autres processus. De façon similaire, "
"si le processus a acquis un verrou, un sémaphore ou autre, alors le terminer "
"est susceptible de provoquer des blocages dans les autres processus."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:467
msgid ""
"Note that the :meth:`start`, :meth:`join`, :meth:`is_alive`, :meth:"
"`terminate` and :attr:`exitcode` methods should only be called by the "
"process that created the process object."
msgstr ""
"Notez que les méthodes :meth:`start`, :meth:`join`, :meth:`is_alive`, :meth:"
"`terminate` et :attr:`exitcode` ne devraient être appelées que par le "
"processus ayant créé l'objet *process*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:471
msgid "Example usage of some of the methods of :class:`Process`:"
msgstr "Exemple d'utilisation de quelques méthodes de :class:`Process` :"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:492
msgid ""
"Exception raised by :meth:`Connection.recv_bytes_into()` when the supplied "
"buffer object is too small for the message read."
msgstr ""
"Exception levée par :meth:`Connection.recv_bytes_into()` quand l'objet "
"tampon fourni est trop petit pour le message à lire."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:495
msgid ""
"If ``e`` is an instance of :exc:`BufferTooShort` then ``e.args[0]`` will "
"give the message as a byte string."
msgstr ""
"Si ``e`` est une instance de :exc:`BufferTooShort` alors ``e.args[0]`` "
"donnera un message sous forme d'une chaîne d'octets."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:500
msgid "Pipes and Queues"
msgstr "Tubes (*pipes*) et Queues"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:502
msgid ""
"When using multiple processes, one generally uses message passing for "
"communication between processes and avoids having to use any synchronization "
"primitives like locks."
msgstr ""
"Quand de multiples processus sont utilisés, de l'échange de messages est "
"souvent mis en place pour la communication entre processus et éviter d'avoir "
"à utiliser des primitives de synchronisation telles que des verrous."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:506
msgid ""
"For passing messages one can use :func:`Pipe` (for a connection between two "
"processes) or a queue (which allows multiple producers and consumers)."
msgstr ""
"Pour échanger des messages vous pouvez utiliser un :func:`Pipe` (pour une "
"connexion entre deux processus) ou une queue (qui autorise de multiples "
"producteurs et consommateurs)."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:509
msgid ""
"The :class:`~multiprocessing.Queue`, :class:`multiprocessing.queues."
"SimpleQueue` and :class:`JoinableQueue` types are multi-producer, multi-"
"consumer FIFO queues modelled on the :class:`Queue.Queue` class in the "
"standard library.  They differ in that :class:`~multiprocessing.Queue` lacks "
"the :meth:`~Queue.Queue.task_done` and :meth:`~Queue.Queue.join` methods "
"introduced into Python 2.5's :class:`Queue.Queue` class."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:515
msgid ""
"If you use :class:`JoinableQueue` then you **must** call :meth:"
"`JoinableQueue.task_done` for each task removed from the queue or else the "
"semaphore used to count the number of unfinished tasks may eventually "
"overflow, raising an exception."
msgstr ""
"Si vous utilisez :class:`JoinableQueue` alors vous **devez** appeler :meth:"
"`JoinableQueue.task_done` pour chaque tâche retirée de la queue, sans quoi "
"le sémaphore utilisé pour compter le nombre de tâches non accomplies pourra "
"éventuellement déborder, levant une exception."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:520
msgid ""
"Note that one can also create a shared queue by using a manager object -- "
"see :ref:`multiprocessing-managers`."
msgstr ""
"Notez que vous pouvez aussi créer une queue partagée en utilisant un objet "
"gestionnaire -- voir :ref:`multiprocessing-managers`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:525
msgid ""
":mod:`multiprocessing` uses the usual :exc:`Queue.Empty` and :exc:`Queue."
"Full` exceptions to signal a timeout.  They are not available in the :mod:"
"`multiprocessing` namespace so you need to import them from :mod:`Queue`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:532
msgid ""
"When an object is put on a queue, the object is pickled and a background "
"thread later flushes the pickled data to an underlying pipe.  This has some "
"consequences which are a little surprising, but should not cause any "
"practical difficulties -- if they really bother you then you can instead use "
"a queue created with a :ref:`manager <multiprocessing-managers>`."
msgstr ""
"Quand un objet est placé dans une queue, l'objet est sérialisé par *pickle* "
"et un fil d'exécution en arrière-plan transmettra ensuite les données "
"sérialisées sur un tube sous-jacent. Cela a certaines conséquences qui "
"peuvent être un peu surprenantes, mais ne devrait causer aucune difficultés "
"pratiques -- si elles vous embêtent vraiment, alors vous pouvez à la place "
"utiliser une queue créée avec un :ref:`manager <multiprocessing-managers>`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:539
msgid ""
"After putting an object on an empty queue there may be an infinitesimal "
"delay before the queue's :meth:`~Queue.empty` method returns :const:`False` "
"and :meth:`~Queue.get_nowait` can return without raising :exc:`Queue.Empty`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:544
msgid ""
"If multiple processes are enqueuing objects, it is possible for the objects "
"to be received at the other end out-of-order. However, objects enqueued by "
"the same process will always be in the expected order with respect to each "
"other."
msgstr ""
"Si plusieurs processus placent des objets dans la queue, il est possible "
"pour les objets d'être reçus de l'autre côté dans le désordre. Cependant, "
"les objets placés par un même processus seront toujours récupérés dans "
"l'ordre attendu."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:551
msgid ""
"If a process is killed using :meth:`Process.terminate` or :func:`os.kill` "
"while it is trying to use a :class:`~multiprocessing.Queue`, then the data "
"in the queue is likely to become corrupted.  This may cause any other "
"process to get an exception when it tries to use the queue later on."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:558
msgid ""
"As mentioned above, if a child process has put items on a queue (and it has "
"not used :meth:`JoinableQueue.cancel_join_thread <multiprocessing.Queue."
"cancel_join_thread>`), then that process will not terminate until all "
"buffered items have been flushed to the pipe."
msgstr ""
"Comme mentionné plus haut, si un processus fils a placé des éléments dans la "
"queue (et qu'il n'a pas utilisé :meth:`JoinableQueue.cancel_join_thread "
"<multiprocessing.Queue.cancel_join_thread>`), alors le processus ne se "
"terminera pas tant que les éléments placés dans le tampon n'auront pas été "
"transmis au tube."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:563
msgid ""
"This means that if you try joining that process you may get a deadlock "
"unless you are sure that all items which have been put on the queue have "
"been consumed.  Similarly, if the child process is non-daemonic then the "
"parent process may hang on exit when it tries to join all its non-daemonic "
"children."
msgstr ""
"Cela signifie que si vous essayez d'attendre ce processus vous pouvez "
"obtenir un interblocage, à moins que vous ne soyez sûr que tous les éléments "
"placés dans la queue ont été consommés. De même, si le processus fils n'est "
"pas un *daemon* alors le processus parent pourrait bloquer à la fermeture "
"quand il tentera d'attendre tous ses enfants non *daemons*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:568
msgid ""
"Note that a queue created using a manager does not have this issue.  See :"
"ref:`multiprocessing-programming`."
msgstr ""
"Notez que la queue créée à l'aide d'un gestionnaire n'a pas ce problème. "
"Voir :ref:`multiprocessing-programming`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:571
msgid ""
"For an example of the usage of queues for interprocess communication see :"
"ref:`multiprocessing-examples`."
msgstr ""
"Pour un exemple d'utilisation de queues pour de la communication entre les "
"processus, voir :ref:`multiprocessing-examples`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:577
msgid ""
"Returns a pair ``(conn1, conn2)`` of :class:`Connection` objects "
"representing the ends of a pipe."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:580
msgid ""
"If *duplex* is ``True`` (the default) then the pipe is bidirectional.  If "
"*duplex* is ``False`` then the pipe is unidirectional: ``conn1`` can only be "
"used for receiving messages and ``conn2`` can only be used for sending "
"messages."
msgstr ""
"Si *duplex* vaut ``True`` (par défaut), alors le tube est bidirectionnel. Si "
"*duplex* vaut ``False`` il est unidirectionnel : ``conn1`` ne peut être "
"utilisé que pour recevoir des messages et ``conn2`` que pour en envoyer."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:588
msgid ""
"Returns a process shared queue implemented using a pipe and a few locks/"
"semaphores.  When a process first puts an item on the queue a feeder thread "
"is started which transfers objects from a buffer into the pipe."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie une queue partagée entre les processus utilisant un tube et quelques "
"verrous/sémaphores. Quand un processus place initialement un élément sur la "
"queue, un fil d'exécution *feeder* est démarré pour transférer les objets du "
"tampon vers le tube."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:592
msgid ""
"The usual :exc:`Queue.Empty` and :exc:`Queue.Full` exceptions from the "
"standard library's :mod:`Queue` module are raised to signal timeouts."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:595
msgid ""
":class:`~multiprocessing.Queue` implements all the methods of :class:`Queue."
"Queue` except for :meth:`~Queue.Queue.task_done` and :meth:`~Queue.Queue."
"join`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:600
msgid ""
"Return the approximate size of the queue.  Because of multithreading/"
"multiprocessing semantics, this number is not reliable."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie la taille approximative de la queue. Ce nombre n'est pas fiable en "
"raison des problématiques de *multithreading* et *multiprocessing*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:603
msgid ""
"Note that this may raise :exc:`NotImplementedError` on Unix platforms like "
"Mac OS X where ``sem_getvalue()`` is not implemented."
msgstr ""
"Notez que cela peut lever une :exc:`NotImplementedError` sous les "
"plateformes Unix telles que Mac OS X où ``sem_getvalue()`` n'est pas "
"implémentée."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:608
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the queue is empty, ``False`` otherwise.  Because of "
"multithreading/multiprocessing semantics, this is not reliable."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie ``True`` si la queue est vide, ``False`` sinon. Cette valeur n'est "
"pas fiable en raison des problématiques de *multithreading* et "
"*multiprocessing*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:613
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the queue is full, ``False`` otherwise.  Because of "
"multithreading/multiprocessing semantics, this is not reliable."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie ``True`` si la queue est pleine, ``False`` sinon. Cette valeur n'est "
"pas fiable en raison des problématiques de *multithreading* et "
"*multiprocessing*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:618
msgid ""
"Put obj into the queue.  If the optional argument *block* is ``True`` (the "
"default) and *timeout* is ``None`` (the default), block if necessary until a "
"free slot is available.  If *timeout* is a positive number, it blocks at "
"most *timeout* seconds and raises the :exc:`Queue.Full` exception if no free "
"slot was available within that time.  Otherwise (*block* is ``False``), put "
"an item on the queue if a free slot is immediately available, else raise "
"the :exc:`Queue.Full` exception (*timeout* is ignored in that case)."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:629
msgid "Equivalent to ``put(obj, False)``."
msgstr "Équivalent à ``put(obj, False)``."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:633
msgid ""
"Remove and return an item from the queue.  If optional args *block* is "
"``True`` (the default) and *timeout* is ``None`` (the default), block if "
"necessary until an item is available.  If *timeout* is a positive number, it "
"blocks at most *timeout* seconds and raises the :exc:`Queue.Empty` exception "
"if no item was available within that time.  Otherwise (block is ``False``), "
"return an item if one is immediately available, else raise the :exc:`Queue."
"Empty` exception (*timeout* is ignored in that case)."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:643
msgid "Equivalent to ``get(False)``."
msgstr "Équivalent à ``get(False)``."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:645
msgid ""
":class:`~multiprocessing.Queue` has a few additional methods not found in :"
"class:`Queue.Queue`.  These methods are usually unnecessary for most code:"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:651
msgid ""
"Indicate that no more data will be put on this queue by the current "
"process.  The background thread will quit once it has flushed all buffered "
"data to the pipe.  This is called automatically when the queue is garbage "
"collected."
msgstr ""
"Indique que plus aucune donnée ne peut être placée sur la queue par le "
"processus courant. Le fil d'exécution en arrière-plan se terminera quand il "
"aura transféré toutes les données du tampon vers le tube. Elle est appelée "
"automatiquement quand la queue est collectée par le ramasse-miettes."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:658
msgid ""
"Join the background thread.  This can only be used after :meth:`close` has "
"been called.  It blocks until the background thread exits, ensuring that all "
"data in the buffer has been flushed to the pipe."
msgstr ""
"Attend le fil d'exécution d'arrière-plan. Elle peut seulement être utilisée "
"une fois que :meth:`close` a été appelée. Elle bloque jusqu'à ce que le fil "
"d'arrière-plan se termine, assurant que toutes les données du tampon ont été "
"transmises au tube."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:662
msgid ""
"By default if a process is not the creator of the queue then on exit it will "
"attempt to join the queue's background thread.  The process can call :meth:"
"`cancel_join_thread` to make :meth:`join_thread` do nothing."
msgstr ""
"Par défaut si un processus n'est pas le créateur de la queue alors à la "
"fermeture elle essaiera d'attendre le fil d'exécution d'arrière-plan de la "
"queue. Le processus peut appeler :meth:`cancel_join_thread` pour que :meth:"
"`join_thread` ne fasse rien."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:668
msgid ""
"Prevent :meth:`join_thread` from blocking.  In particular, this prevents the "
"background thread from being joined automatically when the process exits -- "
"see :meth:`join_thread`."
msgstr ""
"Empêche :meth:`join_thread` de bloquer. En particulier, cela empêche le fil "
"d'arrière-plan d'être attendu automatiquement quand le processus se ferme -- "
"voir :meth:`join_thread`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:672
msgid ""
"A better name for this method might be ``allow_exit_without_flush()``.  It "
"is likely to cause enqueued data to lost, and you almost certainly will not "
"need to use it. It is really only there if you need the current process to "
"exit immediately without waiting to flush enqueued data to the underlying "
"pipe, and you don't care about lost data."
msgstr ""
"Un meilleur nom pour cette méthode pourrait être "
"``allow_exit_without_flush()``. Cela peut provoquer des pertes de données "
"placées dans la queue, et vous ne devriez certainement pas avoir besoin de "
"l'utiliser. Elle n'est là que si vous souhaitez terminer immédiatement le "
"processus sans transférer les données du tampon, et que vous ne vous "
"inquiétez pas de perdre des données."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:681
msgid ""
"This class's functionality requires a functioning shared semaphore "
"implementation on the host operating system. Without one, the functionality "
"in this class will be disabled, and attempts to instantiate a :class:`Queue` "
"will result in an :exc:`ImportError`. See :issue:`3770` for additional "
"information.  The same holds true for any of the specialized queue types "
"listed below."
msgstr ""
"Le fonctionnement de cette classe requiert une implémentation de sémaphore "
"partagé sur le système d'exploitation hôte. Sans cela, la fonctionnalité "
"sera désactivée et la tentative d'instancier une :class:`Queue` lèvera une :"
"exc:`ImportError`. Voir :issue:`3770` pour plus d'informations. Cette "
"remarque reste valable pour les autres types de queues spécialisées définies "
"par la suite."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:691
msgid ""
"It is a simplified :class:`~multiprocessing.Queue` type, very close to a "
"locked :class:`Pipe`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:695
msgid "Return ``True`` if the queue is empty, ``False`` otherwise."
msgstr "Renvoie ``True`` si la queue est vide, ``False`` sinon."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:699
msgid "Remove and return an item from the queue."
msgstr "Supprime et donne un élément de la queue."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:703
msgid "Put *item* into the queue."
msgstr "Place *item* dans la queue."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:708
msgid ""
":class:`JoinableQueue`, a :class:`~multiprocessing.Queue` subclass, is a "
"queue which additionally has :meth:`task_done` and :meth:`join` methods."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:713
msgid ""
"Indicate that a formerly enqueued task is complete. Used by queue consumer "
"threads.  For each :meth:`~Queue.get` used to fetch a task, a subsequent "
"call to :meth:`task_done` tells the queue that the processing on the task is "
"complete."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:718
msgid ""
"If a :meth:`~Queue.Queue.join` is currently blocking, it will resume when "
"all items have been processed (meaning that a :meth:`task_done` call was "
"received for every item that had been :meth:`~Queue.put` into the queue)."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:722
msgid ""
"Raises a :exc:`ValueError` if called more times than there were items placed "
"in the queue."
msgstr ""
"Lève une exception :exc:`ValueError` si appelée plus de fois qu'il y avait "
"d'éléments dans la file."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:728
msgid "Block until all items in the queue have been gotten and processed."
msgstr ""
"Bloque jusqu'à ce que tous les éléments de la queue aient été récupérés et "
"traités."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:730
msgid ""
"The count of unfinished tasks goes up whenever an item is added to the "
"queue.  The count goes down whenever a consumer thread calls :meth:"
"`task_done` to indicate that the item was retrieved and all work on it is "
"complete.  When the count of unfinished tasks drops to zero, :meth:`~Queue."
"Queue.join` unblocks."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:738
msgid "Miscellaneous"
msgstr "Divers"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:742
msgid "Return list of all live children of the current process."
msgstr "Renvoie la liste de tous les enfants vivants du processus courant."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:744
msgid ""
"Calling this has the side effect of \"joining\" any processes which have "
"already finished."
msgstr ""
"Appeler cette méthode provoque l'effet de bord d'attendre tout processus qui "
"n'a pas encore terminé."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:749
msgid ""
"Return the number of CPUs in the system.  May raise :exc:"
"`NotImplementedError`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:754
msgid ""
"Return the :class:`Process` object corresponding to the current process."
msgstr "Renvoie l'objet :class:`Process` correspondant au processus courant."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:756
msgid "An analogue of :func:`threading.current_thread`."
msgstr "Un analogue à :func:`threading.current_thread`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:760
msgid ""
"Add support for when a program which uses :mod:`multiprocessing` has been "
"frozen to produce a Windows executable.  (Has been tested with **py2exe**, "
"**PyInstaller** and **cx_Freeze**.)"
msgstr ""
"Ajoute le support des programmes utilisant :mod:`multiprocessing` qui ont "
"été gelés pour produire un exécutable Windows. (Testé avec **py2exe**, "
"**PyInstaller** et **cx_Freeze**.)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:764
msgid ""
"One needs to call this function straight after the ``if __name__ == "
"'__main__'`` line of the main module.  For example::"
msgstr ""
"Cette fonction doit être appelée juste après la ligne ``if __name__ == "
"'__main__'`` du module principal. Par exemple : ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:776
msgid ""
"If the ``freeze_support()`` line is omitted then trying to run the frozen "
"executable will raise :exc:`RuntimeError`."
msgstr ""
"Si la ligne ``freeze_support()`` est omise, alors tenter de lancer "
"l'exécutable gelé lèvera une :exc:`RuntimeError`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:779
msgid ""
"Calling ``freeze_support()`` has no effect when invoked on any operating "
"system other than Windows.  In addition, if the module is being run normally "
"by the Python interpreter on Windows (the program has not been frozen), then "
"``freeze_support()`` has no effect."
msgstr ""
"Appeler ``freeze_support()`` n'a pas d'effet quand elle est invoquée sur un "
"système d'exploitation autre que Windows. De plus, si le module est lancé "
"normalement par l'interpréteur Python sous Windows (le programme n'a pas été "
"gelé), alors ``freeze_support()`` n'a pas d'effet."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:786
msgid ""
"Sets the path of the Python interpreter to use when starting a child "
"process. (By default :data:`sys.executable` is used).  Embedders will "
"probably need to do some thing like ::"
msgstr ""
"Définit le chemin de l'interpréteur Python à utiliser pour démarrer un "
"processus fils. (Par défaut :data:`sys.executable` est utilisé). Les "
"intégrateurs devront probablement faire quelque chose comme : ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:792
msgid "before they can create child processes.  (Windows only)"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:797
msgid ""
":mod:`multiprocessing` contains no analogues of :func:`threading."
"active_count`, :func:`threading.enumerate`, :func:`threading.settrace`, :"
"func:`threading.setprofile`, :class:`threading.Timer`, or :class:`threading."
"local`."
msgstr ""
":mod:`multiprocessing` ne contient pas d'analogues à :func:`threading."
"active_count`, :func:`threading.enumerate`, :func:`threading.settrace`, :"
"func:`threading.setprofile`, :class:`threading.Timer`, ou :class:`threading."
"local`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:804
msgid "Connection Objects"
msgstr "Objets de connexions"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:806
msgid ""
"Connection objects allow the sending and receiving of picklable objects or "
"strings.  They can be thought of as message oriented connected sockets."
msgstr ""
"Les objets de connexion autorisent l'envoi et la réception d'objets "
"sérialisables ou de chaînes de caractères. Ils peuvent être vus comme des "
"interfaces de connexion (*sockets*) connectées orientées messages."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:809
msgid ""
"Connection objects are usually created using :func:`Pipe` -- see also :ref:"
"`multiprocessing-listeners-clients`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:816
msgid ""
"Send an object to the other end of the connection which should be read "
"using :meth:`recv`."
msgstr ""
"Envoie un objet sur l'autre bout de la connexion, qui devra être lu avec :"
"meth:`recv`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:819
msgid ""
"The object must be picklable.  Very large pickles (approximately 32 MB+, "
"though it depends on the OS) may raise a :exc:`ValueError` exception."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:824
msgid ""
"Return an object sent from the other end of the connection using :meth:"
"`send`.  Blocks until there its something to receive.  Raises :exc:"
"`EOFError` if there is nothing left to receive and the other end was closed."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:831
msgid "Return the file descriptor or handle used by the connection."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie le descripteur de fichier ou identifiant utilisé par la connexion."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:835
msgid "Close the connection."
msgstr "Ferme la connexion."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:837
msgid "This is called automatically when the connection is garbage collected."
msgstr ""
"Elle est appelée automatiquement quand la connexion est collectée par le "
"ramasse-miettes."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:841
msgid "Return whether there is any data available to be read."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie vrai ou faux selon si des données sont disponibles à la lecture."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:843
msgid ""
"If *timeout* is not specified then it will return immediately.  If *timeout* "
"is a number then this specifies the maximum time in seconds to block.  If "
"*timeout* is ``None`` then an infinite timeout is used."
msgstr ""
"Si *timeout* n'est pas spécifié la méthode renverra immédiatement. Si "
"*timeout* est un nombre alors il spécifie le temps maximum de blocage en "
"secondes. Si *timeout* est ``None``, un temps d'attente infini est utilisé."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:849
msgid ""
"Send byte data from an object supporting the buffer interface as a complete "
"message."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:852
msgid ""
"If *offset* is given then data is read from that position in *buffer*.  If "
"*size* is given then that many bytes will be read from buffer.  Very large "
"buffers (approximately 32 MB+, though it depends on the OS) may raise a :exc:"
"`ValueError` exception"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:859
msgid ""
"Return a complete message of byte data sent from the other end of the "
"connection as a string.  Blocks until there is something to receive. Raises :"
"exc:`EOFError` if there is nothing left to receive and the other end has "
"closed."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie un message complet de données binaires envoyées depuis l'autre bout "
"de la connexion comme une chaîne de caractères. Bloque jusqu'à ce qu'il y "
"ait quelque chose à recevoir. Lève une :exc:`EOFError` s'il ne reste rien à "
"recevoir et que l'autre côté de la connexion a été fermé."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:864
msgid ""
"If *maxlength* is specified and the message is longer than *maxlength* then :"
"exc:`IOError` is raised and the connection will no longer be readable."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:870
msgid ""
"Read into *buffer* a complete message of byte data sent from the other end "
"of the connection and return the number of bytes in the message.  Blocks "
"until there is something to receive.  Raises :exc:`EOFError` if there is "
"nothing left to receive and the other end was closed."
msgstr ""
"Lit et stocke dans *buffer* un message complet de données binaires envoyées "
"depuis l'autre bout de la connexion et renvoie le nombre d'octets du "
"message. Bloque jusqu'à ce qu'il y ait quelque chose à recevoir. Lève une :"
"exc:`EOFError` s'il ne reste rien à recevoir et que l'autre côté de la "
"connexion a été fermé."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:876
msgid ""
"*buffer* must be an object satisfying the writable buffer interface.  If "
"*offset* is given then the message will be written into the buffer from that "
"position.  Offset must be a non-negative integer less than the length of "
"*buffer* (in bytes)."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:881
msgid ""
"If the buffer is too short then a :exc:`BufferTooShort` exception is raised "
"and the complete message is available as ``e.args[0]`` where ``e`` is the "
"exception instance."
msgstr ""
"Si le tampon est trop petit une exception :exc:`BufferTooShort` est levée et "
"le message complet est accessible via ``e.args[0]`` où ``e`` est l'instance "
"de l'exception."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:886
msgid "For example:"
msgstr "Par exemple ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:910
msgid ""
"The :meth:`Connection.recv` method automatically unpickles the data it "
"receives, which can be a security risk unless you can trust the process "
"which sent the message."
msgstr ""
"La méthode :meth:`Connection.recv` désérialise automatiquement les données "
"qu'elle reçoit, ce qui peut être un risque de sécurité à moins que vous ne "
"fassiez réellement confiance au processus émetteur du message."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:914
msgid ""
"Therefore, unless the connection object was produced using :func:`Pipe` you "
"should only use the :meth:`~Connection.recv` and :meth:`~Connection.send` "
"methods after performing some sort of authentication.  See :ref:"
"`multiprocessing-auth-keys`."
msgstr ""
"Par conséquent, à moins que l'objet de connexion soit instancié par :func:"
"`Pipe`, vous ne devriez uniquement utiliser les méthodes :meth:`~Connection."
"recv` et :meth:`~Connection.send` après avoir effectué une quelconque forme "
"d'authentification. Voir :ref:`multiprocessing-auth-keys`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:921
msgid ""
"If a process is killed while it is trying to read or write to a pipe then "
"the data in the pipe is likely to become corrupted, because it may become "
"impossible to be sure where the message boundaries lie."
msgstr ""
"Si un processus est tué pendant qu'il essaye de lire ou écrire sur le tube, "
"alors les données du tube ont des chances d'être corrompues, parce qu'il "
"devient impossible d'être sûr d'où se trouvent les bornes du message."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:927
msgid "Synchronization primitives"
msgstr "Primitives de synchronisation"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:929
msgid ""
"Generally synchronization primitives are not as necessary in a multiprocess "
"program as they are in a multithreaded program.  See the documentation for :"
"mod:`threading` module."
msgstr ""
"Généralement les primitives de synchronisation ne sont pas nécessaire dans "
"un programme multi-processus comme elles le sont dans un programme multi-"
"fils d'exécution. Voir la documentation du module :mod:`threading`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:933
msgid ""
"Note that one can also create synchronization primitives by using a manager "
"object -- see :ref:`multiprocessing-managers`."
msgstr ""
"Notez que vous pouvez aussi créer des primitives de synchronisation en "
"utilisant un objet gestionnaire -- voir :ref:`multiprocessing-managers`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:938
msgid ""
"A bounded semaphore object: a close analog of :class:`threading."
"BoundedSemaphore`."
msgstr ""
"Un objet sémaphore lié : un analogue proche de :class:`threading."
"BoundedSemaphore`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:941
#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1081
msgid ""
"A solitary difference from its close analog exists: its ``acquire`` method's "
"first argument is named *block* and it supports an optional second argument "
"*timeout*, as is consistent with :meth:`Lock.acquire`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:946
msgid ""
"On Mac OS X, this is indistinguishable from :class:`Semaphore` because "
"``sem_getvalue()`` is not implemented on that platform."
msgstr ""
"Sur Mac OS X, elle n'est pas distinguable de la classe :class:`Semaphore` "
"parce que ``sem_getvalue()`` n'est pas implémentée sur cette plateforme."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:951
msgid "A condition variable: a clone of :class:`threading.Condition`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:953
msgid ""
"If *lock* is specified then it should be a :class:`Lock` or :class:`RLock` "
"object from :mod:`multiprocessing`."
msgstr ""
"Si *lock* est spécifié il doit être un objet :class:`Lock` ou :class:`RLock` "
"du module :mod:`multiprocessing`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:958
msgid ""
"A clone of :class:`threading.Event`. This method returns the state of the "
"internal semaphore on exit, so it will always return ``True`` except if a "
"timeout is given and the operation times out."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:963
msgid "Previously, the method always returned ``None``."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:969
msgid ""
"A non-recursive lock object: a close analog of :class:`threading.Lock`. Once "
"a process or thread has acquired a lock, subsequent attempts to acquire it "
"from any process or thread will block until it is released; any process or "
"thread may release it.  The concepts and behaviors of :class:`threading."
"Lock` as it applies to threads are replicated here in :class:"
"`multiprocessing.Lock` as it applies to either processes or threads, except "
"as noted."
msgstr ""
"Un verrou non récursif : un analogue proche de :class:`threading.Lock`. Une "
"fois que le processus ou le fil d'exécution a acquis un verrou, les "
"tentatives suivantes d'acquisition depuis n'importe quel processus ou fil "
"d'exécution bloqueront jusqu'à ce qu'il soit libéré ; n'importe quel "
"processus ou fil peut le libérer. Les concepts et comportements de :class:"
"`threading.Lock` qui s'appliquent aux fils d'exécution sont répliqués ici "
"dans :class:`multiprocessing.Lock` et s'appliquent aux processus et aux fils "
"d'exécution, à l'exception de ce qui est indiqué."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:977
msgid ""
"Note that :class:`Lock` is actually a factory function which returns an "
"instance of ``multiprocessing.synchronize.Lock`` initialized with a default "
"context."
msgstr ""
"Notez que :class:`Lock` est en fait une fonction *factory* qui renvoie une "
"instance de ``multiprocessing.synchronize.Lock`` initialisée avec un "
"contexte par défaut."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:981
msgid ""
":class:`Lock` supports the :term:`context manager` protocol and thus may be "
"used in :keyword:`with` statements."
msgstr ""
":class:`Lock` supporte le protocole :term:`context manager` et peut ainsi "
"être utilisé avec une instruction :keyword:`with`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:986
#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1035
msgid "Acquire a lock, blocking or non-blocking."
msgstr "Acquiert un verrou, bloquant ou non bloquant."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:988
msgid ""
"With the *block* argument set to ``True`` (the default), the method call "
"will block until the lock is in an unlocked state, then set it to locked and "
"return ``True``.  Note that the name of this first argument differs from "
"that in :meth:`threading.Lock.acquire`."
msgstr ""
"Avec l'argument *block* à ``True`` (par défaut), l'appel de méthode bloquera "
"jusqu'à ce que le verrou soit dans déverrouillé, puis le verrouillera avant "
"de renvoyer ``True``. Notez que le nom de ce premier argument diffère de "
"celui de :meth:`threading.Lock.acquire`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:993
msgid ""
"With the *block* argument set to ``False``, the method call does not block.  "
"If the lock is currently in a locked state, return ``False``; otherwise set "
"the lock to a locked state and return ``True``."
msgstr ""
"Avec l'argument *block* à ``False``, l'appel de méthode ne bloque pas. Si le "
"verrou est actuellement verrouillé, renvoie ``False`` ; autrement verrouille "
"le verrou et renvoie ``True``."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:997
msgid ""
"When invoked with a positive, floating-point value for *timeout*, block for "
"at most the number of seconds specified by *timeout* as long as the lock can "
"not be acquired.  Invocations with a negative value for *timeout* are "
"equivalent to a *timeout* of zero.  Invocations with a *timeout* value of "
"``None`` (the default) set the timeout period to infinite.  The *timeout* "
"argument has no practical implications if the *block* argument is set to "
"``False`` and is thus ignored.  Returns ``True`` if the lock has been "
"acquired or ``False`` if the timeout period has elapsed.  Note that the "
"*timeout* argument does not exist in this method's analog, :meth:`threading."
"Lock.acquire`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1010
msgid ""
"Release a lock.  This can be called from any process or thread, not only the "
"process or thread which originally acquired the lock."
msgstr ""
"Libère un verrou. Elle peut être appelée depuis n'importe quel processus ou "
"fil d'exécution, pas uniquement le processus ou le fil qui a acquis le "
"verrou à l'origine."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1013
msgid ""
"Behavior is the same as in :meth:`threading.Lock.release` except that when "
"invoked on an unlocked lock, a :exc:`ValueError` is raised."
msgstr ""
"Le comportement est le même que :meth:`threading.Lock.release` excepté que "
"lorsque la méthode est appelée sur un verrou déverrouillé, une :exc:"
"`ValueError` est levée."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1019
msgid ""
"A recursive lock object: a close analog of :class:`threading.RLock`.  A "
"recursive lock must be released by the process or thread that acquired it. "
"Once a process or thread has acquired a recursive lock, the same process or "
"thread may acquire it again without blocking; that process or thread must "
"release it once for each time it has been acquired."
msgstr ""
"Un objet verrou récursif : un analogue proche de :class:`threading.RLock`. "
"Un verrou récursif doit être libéré par le processus ou le fil d'exécution "
"qui l'a acquis. Quand un processus ou un fil acquiert un verrou récursif, le "
"même processus/fil peut l'acquérir à nouveau sans bloquer ; le processus/fil "
"doit le libérer autant de fois qu'il l'acquiert."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1025
msgid ""
"Note that :class:`RLock` is actually a factory function which returns an "
"instance of ``multiprocessing.synchronize.RLock`` initialized with a default "
"context."
msgstr ""
"Notez que :class:`RLock` est en fait une fonction *factory* qui renvoie une "
"instance de ``multiprocessing.synchronize.RLock`` initialisée avec un "
"contexte par défaut."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1029
msgid ""
":class:`RLock` supports the :term:`context manager` protocol and thus may be "
"used in :keyword:`with` statements."
msgstr ""
":class:`RLock` supporte le protocole :term:`context manager` et peut ainsi "
"être utilisée avec une instruction :keyword:`with`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1037
msgid ""
"When invoked with the *block* argument set to ``True``, block until the lock "
"is in an unlocked state (not owned by any process or thread) unless the lock "
"is already owned by the current process or thread.  The current process or "
"thread then takes ownership of the lock (if it does not already have "
"ownership) and the recursion level inside the lock increments by one, "
"resulting in a return value of ``True``.  Note that there are several "
"differences in this first argument's behavior compared to the implementation "
"of :meth:`threading.RLock.acquire`, starting with the name of the argument "
"itself."
msgstr ""
"Quand invoqué avec l'argument *block* à ``True``, bloque jusqu'à ce que le "
"verrou soit déverrouillé (n'appartenant à aucun processus ou fil "
"d'exécution) sauf s'il appartient déjà au processus ou fil d'exécution "
"courant. Le processus ou fil d'exécution courant prend la possession du "
"verrou (s'il ne l'a pas déjà) et incrémente d'un le niveau de récursion du "
"verrou, renvoyant ainsi ``True``. Notez qu'il y a plusieurs différences dans "
"le comportement de ce premier argument comparé à l'implémentation de :meth:"
"`threading.RLock.acquire`, à commencer par le nom de l'argument lui-même."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1047
msgid ""
"When invoked with the *block* argument set to ``False``, do not block. If "
"the lock has already been acquired (and thus is owned) by another process or "
"thread, the current process or thread does not take ownership and the "
"recursion level within the lock is not changed, resulting in a return value "
"of ``False``.  If the lock is in an unlocked state, the current process or "
"thread takes ownership and the recursion level is incremented, resulting in "
"a return value of ``True``."
msgstr ""
"Quand invoqué avec l'argument *block* à ``False``, ne bloque pas. Si le "
"verrou est déjà acquis (et possédé) par un autre processus ou fil "
"d'exécution, le processus/fil courant n'en prend pas la possession et le "
"niveau de récursion n'est pas incrémenté, résultant en une valeur de retour "
"à ``False``. Si le verrou est déverrouillé, le processus/fil courant en "
"prend possession et incrémente son niveau de récursion, renvoyant ``True``."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1055
msgid ""
"Use and behaviors of the *timeout* argument are the same as in :meth:`Lock."
"acquire`.  Note that the *timeout* argument does not exist in this method's "
"analog, :meth:`threading.RLock.acquire`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1062
msgid ""
"Release a lock, decrementing the recursion level.  If after the decrement "
"the recursion level is zero, reset the lock to unlocked (not owned by any "
"process or thread) and if any other processes or threads are blocked waiting "
"for the lock to become unlocked, allow exactly one of them to proceed.  If "
"after the decrement the recursion level is still nonzero, the lock remains "
"locked and owned by the calling process or thread."
msgstr ""
"Libère un verrou, décrémentant son niveau de récursion. Si après la "
"décrémentation le niveau de récursion est zéro, réinitialise le verrou à un "
"état déverrouillé (n'appartenant à aucun processus ou fil d'exécution) et si "
"des processus/fils attendent que le verrou se déverrouillé, autorise un seul "
"d'entre-eux à continuer. Si après cette décrémentation le niveau de "
"récursion est toujours strictement positif, le verrou reste verrouillé et "
"propriété du processus/fil appelant."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1070
msgid ""
"Only call this method when the calling process or thread owns the lock. An :"
"exc:`AssertionError` is raised if this method is called by a process or "
"thread other than the owner or if the lock is in an unlocked (unowned) "
"state.  Note that the type of exception raised in this situation differs "
"from the implemented behavior in :meth:`threading.RLock.release`."
msgstr ""
"N'appelez cette méthode que si le processus ou fil d'exécution appelant est "
"propriétaire du verrou. Une :exc:`AssertionError` est levée si cette méthode "
"est appelée par un processus/fil autre que le propriétaire ou si le verrou "
"n'est pas verrouillé (possédé). Notez que le type d'exception levé dans "
"cette situation diffère du comportement de :meth:`threading.RLock.release`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1079
msgid "A semaphore object: a close analog of :class:`threading.Semaphore`."
msgstr "Un objet sémaphore, proche analogue de :class:`threading.Semaphore`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1087
msgid ""
"The :meth:`acquire` method of :class:`BoundedSemaphore`, :class:`Lock`, :"
"class:`RLock` and :class:`Semaphore` has a timeout parameter not supported "
"by the equivalents in :mod:`threading`.  The signature is "
"``acquire(block=True, timeout=None)`` with keyword parameters being "
"acceptable.  If *block* is ``True`` and *timeout* is not ``None`` then it "
"specifies a timeout in seconds.  If *block* is ``False`` then *timeout* is "
"ignored."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1095
msgid ""
"On Mac OS X, ``sem_timedwait`` is unsupported, so calling ``acquire()`` with "
"a timeout will emulate that function's behavior using a sleeping loop."
msgstr ""
"Sous Mac OS X, ``sem_timedwait`` n'est pas supporté, donc appeler "
"``acquire()`` avec un temps d'exécution limité émulera le comportement de "
"cette fonction en utilisant une boucle d'attente."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1100
msgid ""
"If the SIGINT signal generated by :kbd:`Ctrl-C` arrives while the main "
"thread is blocked by a call to :meth:`BoundedSemaphore.acquire`, :meth:`Lock."
"acquire`, :meth:`RLock.acquire`, :meth:`Semaphore.acquire`, :meth:`Condition."
"acquire` or :meth:`Condition.wait` then the call will be immediately "
"interrupted and :exc:`KeyboardInterrupt` will be raised."
msgstr ""
"Si le signal *SIGINT* généré par un :kbd:`Ctrl-C` survient pendant que le "
"fil d'exécution principal est bloqué par un appel à :meth:`BoundedSemaphore."
"acquire`, :meth:`Lock.acquire`, :meth:`RLock.acquire`, :meth:`Semaphore."
"acquire`, :meth:`Condition.acquire` ou :meth:`Condition.wait`, l'appel sera "
"immédiatement interrompu et une :exc:`KeyboardInterrupt` sera levée."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1106
msgid ""
"This differs from the behaviour of :mod:`threading` where SIGINT will be "
"ignored while the equivalent blocking calls are in progress."
msgstr ""
"Cela diffère du comportement de :mod:`threading` où le *SIGINT* est ignoré "
"tant que les appels bloquants sont en cours."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1111
msgid ""
"Some of this package's functionality requires a functioning shared semaphore "
"implementation on the host operating system. Without one, the :mod:"
"`multiprocessing.synchronize` module will be disabled, and attempts to "
"import it will result in an :exc:`ImportError`. See :issue:`3770` for "
"additional information."
msgstr ""
"Certaines des fonctionnalités de ce paquet requièrent une implémentation "
"fonctionnelle de sémaphores partagés sur le système hôte. Sans cela, le "
"module :mod:`multiprocessing.synchronize` sera désactivé, et les tentatives "
"de l'importer lèveront une :exc:`ImportError`. Voir :issue:`3770` pour plus "
"d'informations."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1119
msgid "Shared :mod:`ctypes` Objects"
msgstr "Objets :mod:`ctypes` partagés"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1121
msgid ""
"It is possible to create shared objects using shared memory which can be "
"inherited by child processes."
msgstr ""
"Il est possible de créer des objets partagés utilisant une mémoire partagée "
"pouvant être héritée par les processus enfants."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1126
msgid ""
"Return a :mod:`ctypes` object allocated from shared memory.  By default the "
"return value is actually a synchronized wrapper for the object."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1129
#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1216
msgid ""
"*typecode_or_type* determines the type of the returned object: it is either "
"a ctypes type or a one character typecode of the kind used by the :mod:"
"`array` module.  *\\*args* is passed on to the constructor for the type."
msgstr ""
"*typecode_or_type* détermine le type de l'objet renvoyé : il s'agit soit "
"d'un type *ctype* soit d'un caractère *typecode* tel qu'utilisé par le "
"module :mod:`array`. *\\*args* est passé au constructeur de ce type."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1133
msgid ""
"If *lock* is ``True`` (the default) then a new recursive lock object is "
"created to synchronize access to the value.  If *lock* is a :class:`Lock` "
"or :class:`RLock` object then that will be used to synchronize access to the "
"value.  If *lock* is ``False`` then access to the returned object will not "
"be automatically protected by a lock, so it will not necessarily be "
"\"process-safe\"."
msgstr ""
"Si *lock* vaut ``True`` (par défaut), alors un nouveau verrou récursif est "
"créé pour synchroniser l'accès à la valeur. Si *lock* est un objet :class:"
"`Lock` ou :class:`RLock` alors il sera utilisé pour synchroniser l'accès à "
"la valeur. Si *lock* vaut ``False``, l'accès à l'objet renvoyé ne sera pas "
"automatiquement protégé par un verrou, donc il ne sera pas forcément "
"« *process-safe* »"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1140
msgid ""
"Operations like ``+=`` which involve a read and write are not atomic.  So "
"if, for instance, you want to atomically increment a shared value it is "
"insufficient to just do ::"
msgstr ""
"Les opérations telles que ``+=`` qui impliquent une lecture et une écriture "
"ne sont pas atomique. Ainsi si vous souhaitez par exemple réaliser une "
"incrémentation atomique sur une valeur partagée, vous ne pouvez pas "
"simplement faire : ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1146
msgid ""
"Assuming the associated lock is recursive (which it is by default) you can "
"instead do ::"
msgstr ""
"En supposant que le verrou associé est récursif (ce qui est le cas par "
"défaut), vous pouvez à la place faire : ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1152
#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1242
#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1257
msgid "Note that *lock* is a keyword-only argument."
msgstr "Notez que *lock* est un argument *keyword-only*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1156
msgid ""
"Return a ctypes array allocated from shared memory.  By default the return "
"value is actually a synchronized wrapper for the array."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie un tableau *ctypes* alloué depuis la mémoire partagée. Par défaut la "
"valeur de retour est en fait un *wrapper* synchronisé autour du tableau."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1159
msgid ""
"*typecode_or_type* determines the type of the elements of the returned "
"array: it is either a ctypes type or a one character typecode of the kind "
"used by the :mod:`array` module.  If *size_or_initializer* is an integer, "
"then it determines the length of the array, and the array will be initially "
"zeroed. Otherwise, *size_or_initializer* is a sequence which is used to "
"initialize the array and whose length determines the length of the array."
msgstr ""
"*typecode_or_type* détermine le type des éléments du tableau renvoyé : il "
"s'agit soit d'un type *ctype* soit d'un caractère *typecode* tel qu'utilisé "
"par le module :mod:`array`. Si *size_or_initialize* est un entier, alors il "
"détermine la taille du tableau, et le tableau sera initialisé avec des "
"zéros. Autrement, *size*or_initializer* est une séquence qui sera utilisée "
"pour initialiser le tableau et dont la taille détermine celle du tableau."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1166
msgid ""
"If *lock* is ``True`` (the default) then a new lock object is created to "
"synchronize access to the value.  If *lock* is a :class:`Lock` or :class:"
"`RLock` object then that will be used to synchronize access to the value.  "
"If *lock* is ``False`` then access to the returned object will not be "
"automatically protected by a lock, so it will not necessarily be \"process-"
"safe\"."
msgstr ""
"Si *lock* vaut ``True`` (par défaut), alors un nouveau verrou est créé pour "
"synchroniser l'accès à la valeur. Si *lock* est un objet :class:`Lock` ou :"
"class:`RLock` alors il sera utilisé pour synchroniser l'accès à la valeur. "
"Si *lock* vaut ``False``, l'accès à l'objet renvoyé ne sera pas "
"automatiquement protégé par un verrou, donc il ne sera pas forcément "
"« *process-safe* »"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1173
msgid "Note that *lock* is a keyword only argument."
msgstr "Notez que *lock* est un argument *keyword-only*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1175
msgid ""
"Note that an array of :data:`ctypes.c_char` has *value* and *raw* attributes "
"which allow one to use it to store and retrieve strings."
msgstr ""
"Notez qu'un tableau de :data:`ctypes.c_char` a ses attributs *value* et "
"*raw* qui permettent de l'utiliser pour stocker et récupérer des chaînes de "
"caractères."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1180
msgid "The :mod:`multiprocessing.sharedctypes` module"
msgstr "Le module :mod:`multiprocessing.sharedctypes`"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1185
msgid ""
"The :mod:`multiprocessing.sharedctypes` module provides functions for "
"allocating :mod:`ctypes` objects from shared memory which can be inherited "
"by child processes."
msgstr ""
"Le module :mod:`multiprocessing.sharedctypes` fournit des fonctions pour "
"allouer des objets :mod:`ctypes` depuis la mémoire partagée, qui peuvent "
"être hérités par les processus fils."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1191
msgid ""
"Although it is possible to store a pointer in shared memory remember that "
"this will refer to a location in the address space of a specific process. "
"However, the pointer is quite likely to be invalid in the context of a "
"second process and trying to dereference the pointer from the second process "
"may cause a crash."
msgstr ""
"Bien qu'il soit possible de stocker un pointeur dans une mémoire partagée, "
"souvenez-vous qu'il référencera un emplacement dans l'espace d'adressage "
"d'un processus particulier. Ainsi, le pointeur risque d'être invalide dans "
"le contexte d'un second processus et déréférencer le pointeur depuis ce "
"second processus pourrait causer un crash."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1199
msgid "Return a ctypes array allocated from shared memory."
msgstr "Renvoie un tableau *ctypes* alloué depuis la mémoire partagée."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1201
msgid ""
"*typecode_or_type* determines the type of the elements of the returned "
"array: it is either a ctypes type or a one character typecode of the kind "
"used by the :mod:`array` module.  If *size_or_initializer* is an integer "
"then it determines the length of the array, and the array will be initially "
"zeroed. Otherwise *size_or_initializer* is a sequence which is used to "
"initialize the array and whose length determines the length of the array."
msgstr ""
"*typecode_or_type* détermine le type des éléments du tableau renvoyé : il "
"s'agit soit d'un type *ctype* soit d'un caractère codant le type des "
"éléments du tableau (*typecode*) tel qu'utilisé par le module :mod:`array`. "
"Si *size_or_initialize* est un entier, alors il détermine la taille du "
"tableau, et le tableau sera initialisé avec des zéros. Autrement, "
"*size*or_initializer* est une séquence qui sera utilisée pour initialiser le "
"tableau et dont la taille détermine celle du tableau."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1208
msgid ""
"Note that setting and getting an element is potentially non-atomic -- use :"
"func:`Array` instead to make sure that access is automatically synchronized "
"using a lock."
msgstr ""
"Notez que définir ou récupérer un élément est potentiellement non atomique "
"-- utilisez plutôt :func:`Array` pour vous assurer de synchroniser "
"automatiquement avec un verrou."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1214
msgid "Return a ctypes object allocated from shared memory."
msgstr "Renvoie un objet *ctypes* alloué depuis la mémoire partagée."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1220
msgid ""
"Note that setting and getting the value is potentially non-atomic -- use :"
"func:`Value` instead to make sure that access is automatically synchronized "
"using a lock."
msgstr ""
"Notez que définir ou récupérer un élément est potentiellement non atomique "
"-- utilisez plutôt :func:`Value` pour vous assurer de synchroniser "
"automatiquement avec un verrou."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1224
msgid ""
"Note that an array of :data:`ctypes.c_char` has ``value`` and ``raw`` "
"attributes which allow one to use it to store and retrieve strings -- see "
"documentation for :mod:`ctypes`."
msgstr ""
"Notez qu'un tableau de :data:`ctypes.c_char` a ses attributs *value* et "
"*raw* qui permettent de l'utiliser pour stocker et récupérer des chaînes de "
"caractères -- voir la documentation de :mod:`ctypes`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1230
msgid ""
"The same as :func:`RawArray` except that depending on the value of *lock* a "
"process-safe synchronization wrapper may be returned instead of a raw ctypes "
"array."
msgstr ""
"Identique à :func:`RawArray` à l'exception que suivant la valeur de *lock* "
"un *wrapper* de synchronisation *process-safe* pourra être renvoyé à la "
"place d'un tableau *ctypes* brut."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1234
#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1250
msgid ""
"If *lock* is ``True`` (the default) then a new lock object is created to "
"synchronize access to the value.  If *lock* is a :class:`~multiprocessing."
"Lock` or :class:`~multiprocessing.RLock` object then that will be used to "
"synchronize access to the value.  If *lock* is ``False`` then access to the "
"returned object will not be automatically protected by a lock, so it will "
"not necessarily be \"process-safe\"."
msgstr ""
"Si *lock* vaut ``True`` (par défaut), alors un nouveau verrou est créé pour "
"synchroniser l'accès à la valeur. Si *lock* est un objet :class:"
"`~multiprocessing.Lock` ou :class:`~multiprocessing.RLock` alors il sera "
"utilisé pour synchroniser l'accès à la valeur. Si *lock* vaut ``False``, "
"l'accès à l'objet renvoyé ne sera pas automatiquement protégé par un verrou, "
"donc il ne sera pas forcément « *process-safe* »"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1246
msgid ""
"The same as :func:`RawValue` except that depending on the value of *lock* a "
"process-safe synchronization wrapper may be returned instead of a raw ctypes "
"object."
msgstr ""
"Identique à :func:`RawValue` à l'exception que suivant la valeur de *lock* "
"un *wrapper* de synchronisation *process-safe* pourra être renvoyé à la "
"place d'un objet *ctypes* brut."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1261
msgid ""
"Return a ctypes object allocated from shared memory which is a copy of the "
"ctypes object *obj*."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie un objet *ctypes* alloué depuis la mémoire partagée, qui est une "
"copie de l'objet *ctypes* *obj*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1266
msgid ""
"Return a process-safe wrapper object for a ctypes object which uses *lock* "
"to synchronize access.  If *lock* is ``None`` (the default) then a :class:"
"`multiprocessing.RLock` object is created automatically."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie un *wrapper* *process-safe* autour de l'objet *ctypes* qui utilise "
"*lock* pour synchroniser l'accès. Si *lock* est ``None`` (par défaut), un "
"objet :class:`multiprocessing.RLock` est créé automatiquement."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1270
msgid ""
"A synchronized wrapper will have two methods in addition to those of the "
"object it wraps: :meth:`get_obj` returns the wrapped object and :meth:"
"`get_lock` returns the lock object used for synchronization."
msgstr ""
"Un *wrapper* synchronisé aura deux méthodes en plus de celles de l'objet "
"qu'il enveloppe : :meth:`get_obj` renvoie l'objet *wrappé* et :meth:"
"`get_lock` renvoie le verrou utilisé pour la synchronisation."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1274
msgid ""
"Note that accessing the ctypes object through the wrapper can be a lot "
"slower than accessing the raw ctypes object."
msgstr ""
"Notez qu'accéder à l'objet *ctypes* à travers le *wrapper* peut s'avérer "
"beaucoup plus lent qu'accéder directement à l'objet *ctypes* brut."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1278
msgid ""
"The table below compares the syntax for creating shared ctypes objects from "
"shared memory with the normal ctypes syntax.  (In the table ``MyStruct`` is "
"some subclass of :class:`ctypes.Structure`.)"
msgstr ""
"Le tableau ci-dessous compare la syntaxe de création des objets *ctypes* "
"partagés depuis une mémoire partagée avec la syntaxe normale *ctypes*. (Dans "
"le tableau, ``MyStruct`` est une sous-classe quelconque de :class:`ctypes."
"Structure`.)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1283
msgid "ctypes"
msgstr "ctypes"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1283
msgid "sharedctypes using type"
msgstr "*sharedctypes* utilisant un type"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1283
msgid "sharedctypes using typecode"
msgstr "*sharedctypes* utilisant un *typecode*"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1285
msgid "c_double(2.4)"
msgstr "c_double(2.4)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1285
msgid "RawValue(c_double, 2.4)"
msgstr "RawValue(c_double, 2.4)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1285
msgid "RawValue('d', 2.4)"
msgstr "RawValue('d', 2.4)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1286
msgid "MyStruct(4, 6)"
msgstr "MyStruct(4, 6)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1286
msgid "RawValue(MyStruct, 4, 6)"
msgstr "RawValue(MyStruct, 4, 6)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1287
msgid "(c_short * 7)()"
msgstr "(c_short * 7)()"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1287
msgid "RawArray(c_short, 7)"
msgstr "RawArray(c_short, 7)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1287
msgid "RawArray('h', 7)"
msgstr "RawArray('h', 7)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1288
msgid "(c_int * 3)(9, 2, 8)"
msgstr "(c_int * 3)(9, 2, 8)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1288
msgid "RawArray(c_int, (9, 2, 8))"
msgstr "RawArray(c_int, (9, 2, 8))"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1288
msgid "RawArray('i', (9, 2, 8))"
msgstr "RawArray('i', (9, 2, 8))"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1292
msgid ""
"Below is an example where a number of ctypes objects are modified by a child "
"process::"
msgstr ""
"Ci-dessous un exemple où des objets *ctypes* sont modifiés par un processus "
"fils ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1330
msgid "The results printed are ::"
msgstr "Les résultats affichés sont ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1343
msgid "Managers"
msgstr "Gestionnaires"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1345
msgid ""
"Managers provide a way to create data which can be shared between different "
"processes. A manager object controls a server process which manages *shared "
"objects*.  Other processes can access the shared objects by using proxies."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1351
msgid ""
"Returns a started :class:`~multiprocessing.managers.SyncManager` object "
"which can be used for sharing objects between processes.  The returned "
"manager object corresponds to a spawned child process and has methods which "
"will create shared objects and return corresponding proxies."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie un objet :class:`~multiprocessing.managers.SyncManager` démarré qui "
"peut être utilisé pour partager des objets entre les processus. L'objet "
"gestionnaire renvoyé correspond à un processus enfant instancié et possède "
"des méthodes pour créer des objets partagés et renvoyer les mandataires "
"correspondants."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1359
msgid ""
"Manager processes will be shutdown as soon as they are garbage collected or "
"their parent process exits.  The manager classes are defined in the :mod:"
"`multiprocessing.managers` module:"
msgstr ""
"Les processus gestionnaires seront arrêtés dès qu'ils seront collectés par "
"le ramasse-miettes ou que leur processus parent se terminera. Les classes "
"gestionnaires sont définies dans le module :mod:`multiprocessing.managers` :"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1365
msgid "Create a BaseManager object."
msgstr "Crée un objet *BaseManager*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1367
msgid ""
"Once created one should call :meth:`start` or ``get_server()."
"serve_forever()`` to ensure that the manager object refers to a started "
"manager process."
msgstr ""
"Une fois créé il faut appeler :meth:`start` ou  ``get_server()."
"serve_forever()`` pour assurer que l'objet gestionnaire référence un "
"processus gestionnaire démarré."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1370
msgid ""
"*address* is the address on which the manager process listens for new "
"connections.  If *address* is ``None`` then an arbitrary one is chosen."
msgstr ""
"*address* est l'adresse sur laquelle le processus gestionnaire écoute pour "
"de nouvelles connexions. Si *address* est ``None``, une adresse arbitraire "
"est choisie."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1373
msgid ""
"*authkey* is the authentication key which will be used to check the validity "
"of incoming connections to the server process.  If *authkey* is ``None`` "
"then ``current_process().authkey``.  Otherwise *authkey* is used and it must "
"be a string."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1380
msgid ""
"Start a subprocess to start the manager.  If *initializer* is not ``None`` "
"then the subprocess will call ``initializer(*initargs)`` when it starts."
msgstr ""
"Démarre un sous-processus pour démarrer le gestionnaire. Si *initializer* "
"n'est pas ``None`` alors le sous-processus appellera "
"``initializer(*initargs)`` quand il démarrera."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1385
msgid ""
"Returns a :class:`Server` object which represents the actual server under "
"the control of the Manager. The :class:`Server` object supports the :meth:"
"`serve_forever` method::"
msgstr ""
"Renvoie un objet :class:`Server` qui représente le serveur sous le contrôle "
"du gestionnaire. L'objet :class:`Server` supporte la méthode :meth:"
"`serve_forever` ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1394
msgid ":class:`Server` additionally has an :attr:`address` attribute."
msgstr ":class:`Server` possède en plus un attribut :attr:`address`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1398
msgid "Connect a local manager object to a remote manager process::"
msgstr ""
"Connecte un objet gestionnaire local au processus gestionnaire distant ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1406
msgid ""
"Stop the process used by the manager.  This is only available if :meth:"
"`start` has been used to start the server process."
msgstr ""
"Stoppe le processus utilisé par le gestionnaire. Cela est disponible "
"uniquement si :meth:`start` a été utilisée pour démarrer le processus "
"serveur."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1409
msgid "This can be called multiple times."
msgstr "Cette méthode peut être appelée plusieurs fois."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1413
msgid ""
"A classmethod which can be used for registering a type or callable with the "
"manager class."
msgstr ""
"Une méthode de classe qui peut être utilisée pour enregistrer un type ou un "
"appelable avec la classe gestionnaire."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1416
msgid ""
"*typeid* is a \"type identifier\" which is used to identify a particular "
"type of shared object.  This must be a string."
msgstr ""
"*typeif* est un « *type identifier* » qui est utilisé pour identifier un "
"type particulier d'objet partagé. Cela doit être une chaîne de caractères."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1419
msgid ""
"*callable* is a callable used for creating objects for this type "
"identifier.  If a manager instance will be created using the :meth:"
"`from_address` classmethod or if the *create_method* argument is ``False`` "
"then this can be left as ``None``."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1424
msgid ""
"*proxytype* is a subclass of :class:`BaseProxy` which is used to create "
"proxies for shared objects with this *typeid*.  If ``None`` then a proxy "
"class is created automatically."
msgstr ""
"*proxytype* est une sous-classe de :class:`BaseProxy` utilisée pour créer "
"des mandataires autour des objets partagés avec ce *typeid*. S'il est "
"``None``, une classe mandataire sera créée automatiquement."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1428
msgid ""
"*exposed* is used to specify a sequence of method names which proxies for "
"this typeid should be allowed to access using :meth:`BaseProxy."
"_callmethod`.  (If *exposed* is ``None`` then :attr:`proxytype._exposed_` is "
"used instead if it exists.)  In the case where no exposed list is specified, "
"all \"public methods\" of the shared object will be accessible.  (Here a "
"\"public method\" means any attribute which has a :meth:`~object.__call__` "
"method and whose name does not begin with ``'_'``.)"
msgstr ""
"*exposed* est utilisé pour préciser une séquence de noms de méthodes dont "
"les mandataires pour ce *typeid* doivent être autorisés à accéder via :meth:"
"`BaseProxy._callmethod`. (Si *exposed* est ``None`` alors :attr:`proxytype."
"_exposed_` est utilisé à la place s'il existe.) Dans le cas où aucune liste "
"*exposed* n'est précisée, toutes les « méthodes publiques » de l'objet "
"partagé seront accessibles. (Ici une « méthode publique » signifie n'importe "
"quel attribut qui possède une méthode :meth:`~object.__call__` et dont le "
"nom ne commence pas par un ``'_'``.)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1437
msgid ""
"*method_to_typeid* is a mapping used to specify the return type of those "
"exposed methods which should return a proxy.  It maps method names to typeid "
"strings.  (If *method_to_typeid* is ``None`` then :attr:`proxytype."
"_method_to_typeid_` is used instead if it exists.)  If a method's name is "
"not a key of this mapping or if the mapping is ``None`` then the object "
"returned by the method will be copied by value."
msgstr ""
"*method_to_typeid* est un tableau associatif utilisé pour préciser le type "
"de retour de ces méthodes exposées qui doivent renvoyer un mandataire. Il "
"associé un nom de méthode à une chaîne de caractères *typeid*. (Si "
"*method_to_typeid* est ``None``, :attr:`proxytype._method_to_typeid_` est "
"utilisé à la place s'il existe). Si le nom d'une méthode n'est pas une clé "
"de ce tableau associatif ou si la valeur associée est ``None``, l'objet "
"renvoyé par la méthode sera une copie de la valeur."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1444
msgid ""
"*create_method* determines whether a method should be created with name "
"*typeid* which can be used to tell the server process to create a new shared "
"object and return a proxy for it.  By default it is ``True``."
msgstr ""
"*create_method* détermine si une méthode devrait être créée avec le nom "
"*typeid*, qui peut être utilisée pour indiquer au processus serveur de créer "
"un nouvel objet partagé et d'en renvoyer un mandataire. a valeur par défaut "
"est ``True``."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1448
msgid ":class:`BaseManager` instances also have one read-only property:"
msgstr ""
"Les instances de :class:`BaseManager` ont aussi une propriété en lecture "
"seule :"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1452
msgid "The address used by the manager."
msgstr "L'adresse utilisée par le gestionnaire."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1457
msgid ""
"A subclass of :class:`BaseManager` which can be used for the synchronization "
"of processes.  Objects of this type are returned by :func:`multiprocessing."
"Manager`."
msgstr ""
"Une sous-classe de :class:`BaseManager` qui peut être utilisée pour la "
"synchronisation entre processus. Des objets de ce type sont renvoyés par :"
"func:`multiprocessing.Manager`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1461
msgid "It also supports creation of shared lists and dictionaries."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1465
msgid ""
"Create a shared :class:`threading.BoundedSemaphore` object and return a "
"proxy for it."
msgstr ""
"Crée un objet :class:`threading.BoundedSemaphore` partagé et renvoie un "
"mandataire pour cet objet."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1470
msgid ""
"Create a shared :class:`threading.Condition` object and return a proxy for "
"it."
msgstr ""
"Crée un objet :class:`threading.Condition` partagé et renvoie un mandataire "
"pour cet objet."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1473
msgid ""
"If *lock* is supplied then it should be a proxy for a :class:`threading."
"Lock` or :class:`threading.RLock` object."
msgstr ""
"Si *lock* est fourni alors il doit être un mandataire pour un objet :class:"
"`threading.Lock` ou :class:`threading.RLock`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1478
msgid ""
"Create a shared :class:`threading.Event` object and return a proxy for it."
msgstr ""
"Crée un objet :class:`threading.Event` partagé et renvoie un mandataire pour "
"cet objet."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1482
msgid ""
"Create a shared :class:`threading.Lock` object and return a proxy for it."
msgstr ""
"Crée un objet :class:`threading.Lock` partagé et renvoie un mandataire pour "
"cet objet."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1486
msgid "Create a shared :class:`Namespace` object and return a proxy for it."
msgstr ""
"Crée un objet :class:`Namespace` partagé et renvoie un mandataire pour cet "
"objet."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1490
msgid "Create a shared :class:`Queue.Queue` object and return a proxy for it."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1494
msgid ""
"Create a shared :class:`threading.RLock` object and return a proxy for it."
msgstr ""
"Crée un objet :class:`threading.RLock` partagé et renvoie un mandataire pour "
"cet objet."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1498
msgid ""
"Create a shared :class:`threading.Semaphore` object and return a proxy for "
"it."
msgstr ""
"Crée un objet :class:`threading.Semaphore` partagé et renvoie un mandataire "
"pour cet objet."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1503
msgid "Create an array and return a proxy for it."
msgstr "Crée un tableau et renvoie un mandataire pour cet objet."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1507
msgid ""
"Create an object with a writable ``value`` attribute and return a proxy for "
"it."
msgstr ""
"Crée un objet avec un attribut ``value`` accessible en écriture et renvoie "
"un mandataire pour cet objet."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1514
msgid "Create a shared ``dict`` object and return a proxy for it."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1519
msgid "Create a shared ``list`` object and return a proxy for it."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1523
msgid ""
"Modifications to mutable values or items in dict and list proxies will not "
"be propagated through the manager, because the proxy has no way of knowing "
"when its values or items are modified.  To modify such an item, you can re-"
"assign the modified object to the container proxy::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1542
msgid "A type that can register with :class:`SyncManager`."
msgstr "Un type qui peut être enregistré avec :class:`SyncManager`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1544
msgid ""
"A namespace object has no public methods, but does have writable attributes. "
"Its representation shows the values of its attributes."
msgstr ""
"Un espace de nommage n'a pas de méthodes publiques, mais possède des "
"attributs accessibles en écriture. Sa représentation montre les valeurs de "
"ses attributs."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1547
msgid ""
"However, when using a proxy for a namespace object, an attribute beginning "
"with ``'_'`` will be an attribute of the proxy and not an attribute of the "
"referent:"
msgstr ""
"Cependant, en utilisant un mandataire pour un espace de nommage, un attribut "
"débutant par ``'_'`` est un attribut du mandataire et non de l'objet cible :"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1562
msgid "Customized managers"
msgstr "Gestionnaires personnalisés"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1564
msgid ""
"To create one's own manager, one creates a subclass of :class:`BaseManager` "
"and uses the :meth:`~BaseManager.register` classmethod to register new types "
"or callables with the manager class.  For example::"
msgstr ""
"Pour créer son propre gestionnaire, il faut créer une sous-classe de :class:"
"`BaseManager` et utiliser la méthode de classe :meth:`~BaseManager.register` "
"pour enregistrer de nouveaux types ou *callables* au gestionnaire. Par "
"exemple ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1590
msgid "Using a remote manager"
msgstr "Utiliser un gestionnaire distant"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1592
msgid ""
"It is possible to run a manager server on one machine and have clients use "
"it from other machines (assuming that the firewalls involved allow it)."
msgstr ""
"Il est possible de lancer un serveur gestionnaire sur une machine et d'avoir "
"des clients l'utilisant sur d'autres machines (en supposant que les pare-"
"feus impliqués l'autorisent)."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1595
msgid ""
"Running the following commands creates a server for a single shared queue "
"which remote clients can access::"
msgstr ""
"Exécuter les commandes suivantes crée un serveur pour une simple queue "
"partagée à laquelle des clients distants peuvent accéder ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1607
msgid "One client can access the server as follows::"
msgstr "Un client peut accéder au serveur comme suit ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1617
msgid "Another client can also use it::"
msgstr "Un autre client peut aussi l'utiliser ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1628
msgid ""
"Local processes can also access that queue, using the code from above on the "
"client to access it remotely::"
msgstr ""
"Les processus locaux peuvent aussi accéder à cette queue, utilisant le code "
"précédent sur le client pour y accéder à distance ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1651
msgid "Proxy Objects"
msgstr "Objets mandataires"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1653
msgid ""
"A proxy is an object which *refers* to a shared object which lives "
"(presumably) in a different process.  The shared object is said to be the "
"*referent* of the proxy.  Multiple proxy objects may have the same referent."
msgstr ""
"Un mandataire est un objet qui *référence* un objet partagé appartenant "
"(supposément) à un processus différent. L'objet partagé est appelé le "
"*référent* du mandataire. Plusieurs mandataires peuvent avoir un même "
"référent."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1657
msgid ""
"A proxy object has methods which invoke corresponding methods of its "
"referent (although not every method of the referent will necessarily be "
"available through the proxy).  A proxy can usually be used in most of the "
"same ways that its referent can:"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1676
msgid ""
"Notice that applying :func:`str` to a proxy will return the representation "
"of the referent, whereas applying :func:`repr` will return the "
"representation of the proxy."
msgstr ""
"Notez qu'appliquer :func:`str` à un mandataire renvoie la représentation du "
"référent, alors que :func:`repr` renvoie celle du mandataire."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1680
msgid ""
"An important feature of proxy objects is that they are picklable so they can "
"be passed between processes.  Note, however, that if a proxy is sent to the "
"corresponding manager's process then unpickling it will produce the referent "
"itself.  This means, for example, that one shared object can contain a "
"second:"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1698
msgid ""
"The proxy types in :mod:`multiprocessing` do nothing to support comparisons "
"by value.  So, for instance, we have:"
msgstr ""
"Les types de mandataires de :mod:`multiprocessing` n'implémentent rien pour "
"la comparaison par valeurs. Par exemple, on a :"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1706
msgid ""
"One should just use a copy of the referent instead when making comparisons."
msgstr ""
"Il faut à la place simplement utiliser une copie du référent pour faire les "
"comparaisons."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1710
msgid "Proxy objects are instances of subclasses of :class:`BaseProxy`."
msgstr ""
"Les objets mandataires sont des instances de sous-classes de :class:"
"`BaseProxy`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1714
msgid "Call and return the result of a method of the proxy's referent."
msgstr ""
"Appelle et renvoie le résultat d'une méthode du référent du mandataire."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1716
msgid ""
"If ``proxy`` is a proxy whose referent is ``obj`` then the expression ::"
msgstr ""
"Si ``proxy`` est un mandataire sont le référent est ``obj``, alors "
"l'expression ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1720
msgid "will evaluate the expression ::"
msgstr "s'évalue comme ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1724
msgid "in the manager's process."
msgstr "dans le processus du gestionnaire."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1726
msgid ""
"The returned value will be a copy of the result of the call or a proxy to a "
"new shared object -- see documentation for the *method_to_typeid* argument "
"of :meth:`BaseManager.register`."
msgstr ""
"La valeur renvoyée sera une copie du résultat de l'appel ou un mandataire "
"sur un nouvel objet partagé -- voir l'a documentation de l'argument "
"*method_to_typeid* de :meth:`BaseManager.register`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1730
msgid ""
"If an exception is raised by the call, then is re-raised by :meth:"
"`_callmethod`.  If some other exception is raised in the manager's process "
"then this is converted into a :exc:`RemoteError` exception and is raised by :"
"meth:`_callmethod`."
msgstr ""
"Si une exception est levée par l'appel, elle est relayée par :meth:"
"`_callmethod`. Si une autre exception est levée par le processus du "
"gestionnaire, elle est convertie en une :exc:`RemoteError` et est levée par :"
"meth:`_callmethod`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1735
msgid ""
"Note in particular that an exception will be raised if *methodname* has not "
"been *exposed*."
msgstr ""
"Notez en particulier qu'une exception est levée si *methodname* n'est pas "
"*exposée*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1738
msgid "An example of the usage of :meth:`_callmethod`:"
msgstr "Un exemple d'utilisation de :meth:`_callmethod` :"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1754
msgid "Return a copy of the referent."
msgstr "Renvoie une copie du référent."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1756
msgid "If the referent is unpicklable then this will raise an exception."
msgstr "Si le référent n'est pas sérialisable, une exception est levée."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1760
msgid "Return a representation of the proxy object."
msgstr "Renvoie la représentation de l'objet mandataire."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1764
msgid "Return the representation of the referent."
msgstr "Renvoie la représentation du référent."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1768
msgid "Cleanup"
msgstr "Nettoyage"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1770
msgid ""
"A proxy object uses a weakref callback so that when it gets garbage "
"collected it deregisters itself from the manager which owns its referent."
msgstr ""
"Un mandataire utilise un *callback* sous une référence faible de façon à ce "
"que quand il est collecté par le ramasse-miettes, il se désenregistre auprès "
"du gestionnaire qui possède le référent."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1773
msgid ""
"A shared object gets deleted from the manager process when there are no "
"longer any proxies referring to it."
msgstr ""
"Un objet partagé est supprimé par le processus gestionnaire quand plus aucun "
"mandataire ne le référence."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1778
msgid "Process Pools"
msgstr "Bassins de processus"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1783
msgid ""
"One can create a pool of processes which will carry out tasks submitted to "
"it with the :class:`Pool` class."
msgstr ""
"On peut créer un bassin de processus qui exécuteront les tâches qui lui "
"seront soumises avec la classe :class:`Pool`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1788
msgid ""
"A process pool object which controls a pool of worker processes to which "
"jobs can be submitted.  It supports asynchronous results with timeouts and "
"callbacks and has a parallel map implementation."
msgstr ""
"Un objet *process pool* qui contrôle un bassin de processus *workers* auquel "
"sont soumises des tâches. Il supporte les résultats asynchrones avec des "
"*timeouts* et des *callabacks*  et possède une implémentation parallèle de "
"*map*."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1792
msgid ""
"*processes* is the number of worker processes to use.  If *processes* is "
"``None`` then the number returned by :func:`cpu_count` is used.  If "
"*initializer* is not ``None`` then each worker process will call "
"``initializer(*initargs)`` when it starts."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1797
msgid ""
"Note that the methods of the pool object should only be called by the "
"process which created the pool."
msgstr ""
"Notez que les méthodes de l'objet *pool* ne doivent être appelées que par le "
"processus qui l'a créé."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1800
msgid ""
"*maxtasksperchild* is the number of tasks a worker process can complete "
"before it will exit and be replaced with a fresh worker process, to enable "
"unused resources to be freed. The default *maxtasksperchild* is ``None``, "
"which means worker processes will live as long as the pool."
msgstr ""
"*maxtasksperchild* est le nombre de tâches qu'un processus *worker* peut "
"accomplir avant de se fermer et d'être remplacé par un *worker* frais, pour "
"permettre aux ressources inutilisées d'être libérées. Par défaut "
"*maxtasksperchild* est ``None``, ce qui signifie que le *worker* vit aussi "
"longtemps que le bassin."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1808
msgid ""
"Worker processes within a :class:`Pool` typically live for the complete "
"duration of the Pool's work queue. A frequent pattern found in other systems "
"(such as Apache, mod_wsgi, etc) to free resources held by workers is to "
"allow a worker within a pool to complete only a set amount of work before "
"being exiting, being cleaned up and a new process spawned to replace the old "
"one. The *maxtasksperchild* argument to the :class:`Pool` exposes this "
"ability to the end user."
msgstr ""
"Les processus *workers* à l'intérieur d'une :class:`Pool` vivent par défaut "
"aussi longtemps que la queue de travail du bassin. Un modèle fréquent chez "
"d'autres systèmes (tels qu'Apache, *mod_wsgi*, etc.) pour libérer les "
"ressources détenues par les *workers* est d'autoriser un *worker* dans le "
"bassin à accomplir seulement une certaine charge de travail avant de se "
"fermer, se retrouvant nettoyé et remplacé par un nouvelle processus "
"fraîchement lancé. L'argument *maxtasksperchild* de :class:`Pool` expose "
"cette fonctionnalité à l'utilisateur final."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1818
msgid ""
"Equivalent of the :func:`apply` built-in function.  It blocks until the "
"result is ready, so :meth:`apply_async` is better suited for performing work "
"in parallel. Additionally, *func* is only executed in one of the workers of "
"the pool."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1825
msgid "A variant of the :meth:`apply` method which returns a result object."
msgstr ""
"Une variante de la méthode :meth:`apply` qui renvoie un objet résultat."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1827
#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1845
msgid ""
"If *callback* is specified then it should be a callable which accepts a "
"single argument.  When the result becomes ready *callback* is applied to it "
"(unless the call failed).  *callback* should complete immediately since "
"otherwise the thread which handles the results will get blocked."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1834
msgid ""
"A parallel equivalent of the :func:`map` built-in function (it supports only "
"one *iterable* argument though).  It blocks until the result is ready."
msgstr ""
"Un équivalent parallèle à la fonction *built-in* :func:`map` (qui ne "
"supporte cependant qu'un *itérable* en argument). Elle bloque jusqu'à ce que "
"le résultat soit prêt."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1837
msgid ""
"This method chops the iterable into a number of chunks which it submits to "
"the process pool as separate tasks.  The (approximate) size of these chunks "
"can be specified by setting *chunksize* to a positive integer."
msgstr ""
"La méthode découpe l'itérable en un nombre de morceaux qu'elle envoie au "
"bassin de processus comme des tâches séparées. La taille (approximative) de "
"ces morceaux peut être précisée en passant à *chunksize* un entier positif."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1843
msgid "A variant of the :meth:`.map` method which returns a result object."
msgstr "Une variante de la méthode :meth:`.map` qui renvoie un objet résultat."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1852
msgid "An equivalent of :func:`itertools.imap`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1854
msgid ""
"The *chunksize* argument is the same as the one used by the :meth:`.map` "
"method.  For very long iterables using a large value for *chunksize* can "
"make the job complete **much** faster than using the default value of ``1``."
msgstr ""
"L'argument *chunksize* est le même que celui utilisé par la méthode :meth:`."
"map`. Pour de très longs itérables, utiliser une grande valeur pour "
"*chunksize* peut faire s'exécuter la tâche **beaucoup** plus rapidement "
"qu'en utilisant la valeur par défaut de ``1``."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1859
msgid ""
"Also if *chunksize* is ``1`` then the :meth:`!next` method of the iterator "
"returned by the :meth:`imap` method has an optional *timeout* parameter: "
"``next(timeout)`` will raise :exc:`multiprocessing.TimeoutError` if the "
"result cannot be returned within *timeout* seconds."
msgstr ""
"Aussi, si *chucksize* vaut ``1`` alors la méthode :meth:`!next` de "
"l'itérateur renvoyé par :meth:`imap` prend un paramètre optionnel "
"*timeout* : ``next(timeout)`` lève une :exc:`multiprocessing.TimeoutError` "
"si le résultat ne peut pas être renvoyé avant *timeout* secondes."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1866
msgid ""
"The same as :meth:`imap` except that the ordering of the results from the "
"returned iterator should be considered arbitrary.  (Only when there is only "
"one worker process is the order guaranteed to be \"correct\".)"
msgstr ""
"Identique à :meth:`imap` si ce n'est que l'ordre des résultats de "
"l'itérateur renvoyé doit être considéré comme arbitraire. (L'ordre n'est "
"garanti que quand il n'y a qu'un *worker*.)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1872
msgid ""
"Prevents any more tasks from being submitted to the pool.  Once all the "
"tasks have been completed the worker processes will exit."
msgstr ""
"Empêche de nouvelles tâches d'être envoyées à la *pool*. Les processus "
"*workers* se terminent une fois que toutes les tâches ont été complétées."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1877
msgid ""
"Stops the worker processes immediately without completing outstanding work.  "
"When the pool object is garbage collected :meth:`terminate` will be called "
"immediately."
msgstr ""
"Stoppe immédiatement les processus *workers* sans finaliser les travaux "
"courants. Quand l'objet *pool* est collecté par le ramasse-miettes, sa "
"méthode :meth:`terminate` est appelée immédiatement."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1883
msgid ""
"Wait for the worker processes to exit.  One must call :meth:`close` or :meth:"
"`terminate` before using :meth:`join`."
msgstr ""
"Attend que les processus *workers* se terminent. Il est nécessaire "
"d'appeler :meth:`close` ou :meth:`terminate` avant d'utiliser :meth:`join`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1889
msgid ""
"The class of the result returned by :meth:`Pool.apply_async` and :meth:`Pool."
"map_async`."
msgstr ""
"La classe des résultats renvoyés par :meth:`Pool.apply_async` et :meth:`Pool."
"map_async`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1894
msgid ""
"Return the result when it arrives.  If *timeout* is not ``None`` and the "
"result does not arrive within *timeout* seconds then :exc:`multiprocessing."
"TimeoutError` is raised.  If the remote call raised an exception then that "
"exception will be reraised by :meth:`get`."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie le résultat quand il arrive. Si *timeout* n'est pas ``None`` et que "
"le résultat n'arrive pas avant *timeout* secondes, une :exc:`multiprocessing."
"TimeoutError` est levée. Si l'appel distance lève une exception, alors elle "
"est relayée par :meth:`get`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1901
msgid "Wait until the result is available or until *timeout* seconds pass."
msgstr ""
"Attend que le résultat soit disponible ou que *timeout* secondes s'écoulent."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1905
msgid "Return whether the call has completed."
msgstr "Renvoie ``True`` ou ``False`` suivant si la tâche est accomplie."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1909
msgid ""
"Return whether the call completed without raising an exception.  Will raise :"
"exc:`AssertionError` if the result is not ready."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie ``True`` ou ``False`` suivant si la tâche est accomplie sans lever "
"d'exception. Lève une :exc:`AssertionError` si le résultat n'est pas prêt."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1912
msgid "The following example demonstrates the use of a pool::"
msgstr ""
"Les exemples suivants présentent l'utilisation d'un bassin de *workers* ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1940
msgid "Listeners and Clients"
msgstr "Auditeurs et Clients"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1945
msgid ""
"Usually message passing between processes is done using queues or by using :"
"class:`~multiprocessing.Connection` objects returned by :func:"
"`~multiprocessing.Pipe`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1949
msgid ""
"However, the :mod:`multiprocessing.connection` module allows some extra "
"flexibility.  It basically gives a high level message oriented API for "
"dealing with sockets or Windows named pipes, and also has support for "
"*digest authentication* using the :mod:`hmac` module."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1957
msgid ""
"Send a randomly generated message to the other end of the connection and "
"wait for a reply."
msgstr ""
"Envoie un message généré aléatoirement à l'autre bout de la connexion et "
"attend une réponse."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1960
msgid ""
"If the reply matches the digest of the message using *authkey* as the key "
"then a welcome message is sent to the other end of the connection.  "
"Otherwise :exc:`AuthenticationError` is raised."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1966
msgid ""
"Receive a message, calculate the digest of the message using *authkey* as "
"the key, and then send the digest back."
msgstr ""
"Reçoit un message, calcule le condensat du message en utilisant la clé "
"*authkey*, et envoie le condensat en réponse."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1969
msgid ""
"If a welcome message is not received, then :exc:`AuthenticationError` is "
"raised."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1974
msgid ""
"Attempt to set up a connection to the listener which is using address "
"*address*, returning a :class:`~multiprocessing.Connection`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1977
msgid ""
"The type of the connection is determined by *family* argument, but this can "
"generally be omitted since it can usually be inferred from the format of "
"*address*. (See :ref:`multiprocessing-address-formats`)"
msgstr ""
"Le type de la connexion est déterminé par l'argument *family*, mais il peut "
"généralement être omis puisqu'il peut être inféré depuis le format "
"d'*address*. (Voir :ref:`multiprocessing-address-formats`)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1981
msgid ""
"If *authenticate* is ``True`` or *authkey* is a string then digest "
"authentication is used.  The key used for authentication will be either "
"*authkey* or ``current_process().authkey)`` if *authkey* is ``None``. If "
"authentication fails then :exc:`AuthenticationError` is raised.  See :ref:"
"`multiprocessing-auth-keys`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1989
msgid ""
"A wrapper for a bound socket or Windows named pipe which is 'listening' for "
"connections."
msgstr ""
"Un *wrapper* sur une *socket* liée ou un tube nommé sous Windows qui écoute "
"pour des connexions."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1992
msgid ""
"*address* is the address to be used by the bound socket or named pipe of the "
"listener object."
msgstr ""
"*address* est l'adresse à utiliser par la *socket* liée ou le tube nommé de "
"l'objet auditeur."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:1997
msgid ""
"If an address of '0.0.0.0' is used, the address will not be a connectable "
"end point on Windows. If you require a connectable end-point, you should use "
"'127.0.0.1'."
msgstr ""
"Si une adresse '0.0.0.0' est utilisée, l'adresse ne sera pas un point "
"d'accès connectable sous Windows. Si vous avez besoin d'un point d'accès "
"connectable, utilisez '127.0.0.1'."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2001
msgid ""
"*family* is the type of socket (or named pipe) to use.  This can be one of "
"the strings ``'AF_INET'`` (for a TCP socket), ``'AF_UNIX'`` (for a Unix "
"domain socket) or ``'AF_PIPE'`` (for a Windows named pipe).  Of these only "
"the first is guaranteed to be available.  If *family* is ``None`` then the "
"family is inferred from the format of *address*.  If *address* is also "
"``None`` then a default is chosen.  This default is the family which is "
"assumed to be the fastest available.  See :ref:`multiprocessing-address-"
"formats`.  Note that if *family* is ``'AF_UNIX'`` and address is ``None`` "
"then the socket will be created in a private temporary directory created "
"using :func:`tempfile.mkstemp`."
msgstr ""
"*family* est le type de *socket* (ou tube nommé) à utiliser. Cela peut être "
"l'une des chaînes ``'AF_INET'`` (pour une *socket* TCP), ``'AF_UNIX'`` (pour "
"une *socket* Unix) ou ``'AF_PIPE'`` (pour un tube nommé sous Windows). "
"Seulement la première d'entre elles est garantie d'être disponible. Si "
"*family* est ``None``, la famille est inférée depuis le format d'*address*. "
"Si *address* est aussi ``None``, la famille par défaut est utilisée. La "
"famille par défaut est supposée être la plus rapide disponible. Voir :ref:"
"`multiprocessing-address-formats`. Notez que si la *family* est "
"``'AF_UNIX'`` et qu'*address* est ``None``, la *socket* est créée dans un "
"répertoire temporaire privé créé avec :func:`tempfile.mkstemp`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2012
msgid ""
"If the listener object uses a socket then *backlog* (1 by default) is passed "
"to the :meth:`~socket.socket.listen` method of the socket once it has been "
"bound."
msgstr ""
"Si l'objet auditeur utilise une *socket* alors *backlog* (1 par défaut) es "
"passé à la méthode :meth:`~socket.socket.listen` de la *socket* une fois "
"qu'elle a été liée."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2016
msgid ""
"If *authenticate* is ``True`` (``False`` by default) or *authkey* is not "
"``None`` then digest authentication is used."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2019
msgid ""
"If *authkey* is a string then it will be used as the authentication key; "
"otherwise it must be ``None``."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2022
msgid ""
"If *authkey* is ``None`` and *authenticate* is ``True`` then "
"``current_process().authkey`` is used as the authentication key.  If "
"*authkey* is ``None`` and *authenticate* is ``False`` then no authentication "
"is done.  If authentication fails then :exc:`AuthenticationError` is "
"raised.  See :ref:`multiprocessing-auth-keys`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2030
msgid ""
"Accept a connection on the bound socket or named pipe of the listener object "
"and return a :class:`~multiprocessing.Connection` object.  If authentication "
"is attempted and fails, then :exc:`~multiprocessing.AuthenticationError` is "
"raised."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2037
msgid ""
"Close the bound socket or named pipe of the listener object.  This is called "
"automatically when the listener is garbage collected.  However it is "
"advisable to call it explicitly."
msgstr ""
"Ferme la *socket* liée ou le tube nommé de l'objet auditeur. La méthode est "
"appelée automatiquement quand l'auditeur est collecté par le ramasse-"
"miettes. Il est cependant conseillé de l'appeler explicitement."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2041
msgid "Listener objects have the following read-only properties:"
msgstr ""
"Les objets auditeurs ont aussi les propriétés en lecture seule suivantes :"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2045
msgid "The address which is being used by the Listener object."
msgstr "L'adresse utilisée par l'objet auditeur."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2049
msgid ""
"The address from which the last accepted connection came.  If this is "
"unavailable then it is ``None``."
msgstr ""
"L'adresse depuis laquelle a été établie la dernière connexion. ``None`` si "
"aucune n'est disponible."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2053
msgid "The module defines two exceptions:"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2057
msgid "Exception raised when there is an authentication error."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2060
msgid "**Examples**"
msgstr "**Exemples**"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2062
msgid ""
"The following server code creates a listener which uses ``'secret "
"password'`` as an authentication key.  It then waits for a connection and "
"sends some data to the client::"
msgstr ""
"Le code serveur suivant crée un auditeur qui utilise ``'secret password'`` "
"comme clé d'authentification. Il attend ensuite une connexion et envoie les "
"données au client ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2084
msgid ""
"The following code connects to the server and receives some data from the "
"server::"
msgstr "Le code suivant se connecte au serveur et en reçoit des données ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2107
msgid "Address Formats"
msgstr "Formats d'adresses"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2109
msgid ""
"An ``'AF_INET'`` address is a tuple of the form ``(hostname, port)`` where "
"*hostname* is a string and *port* is an integer."
msgstr ""
"Une adresse ``'AF_INET'`` est un *tuple* de la forme ``(hostname, port)`` où "
"*hostname* est une chaîne et *port* un entier."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2112
msgid ""
"An ``'AF_UNIX'`` address is a string representing a filename on the "
"filesystem."
msgstr ""
"Une adresse ``'AF_UNIX'`` est une chaîne représentant un nom de fichier sur "
"le système de fichiers."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2118
msgid "An ``'AF_PIPE'`` address is a string of the form"
msgstr "Une adresse ``'AF_PIPE'`` est une chaîne de la forme"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2116
msgid ""
":samp:`r'\\\\\\\\.\\\\pipe\\\\{PipeName}'`.  To use :func:`Client` to "
"connect to a named pipe on a remote computer called *ServerName* one should "
"use an address of the form :samp:`r'\\\\\\\\{ServerName}\\\\pipe\\"
"\\{PipeName}'` instead."
msgstr ""
":samp:`r'\\\\\\\\.\\\\pipe\\\\{PipeName}'`. Pour utiliser un :func:`Client` "
"pour se connecter à un tube nommé sur une machine distante appelée "
"*ServerName*, il faut plutôt utiliser une adresse de la forme :samp:`r'\\\\\\"
"\\{ServerName}\\\\pipe\\\\{PipeName}'`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2120
msgid ""
"Note that any string beginning with two backslashes is assumed by default to "
"be an ``'AF_PIPE'`` address rather than an ``'AF_UNIX'`` address."
msgstr ""
"Notez que toute chaîne commençant par deux antislashs est considérée par "
"défaut comme l'adresse d'un ``'AF_PIPE'`` plutôt qu'une adresse "
"``'AF_UNIX'``."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2127
msgid "Authentication keys"
msgstr "Clés d'authentification"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2129
msgid ""
"When one uses :meth:`Connection.recv <multiprocessing.Connection.recv>`, the "
"data received is automatically unpickled.  Unfortunately unpickling data "
"from an untrusted source is a security risk.  Therefore :class:`Listener` "
"and :func:`Client` use the :mod:`hmac` module to provide digest "
"authentication."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2135
msgid ""
"An authentication key is a string which can be thought of as a password: "
"once a connection is established both ends will demand proof that the other "
"knows the authentication key.  (Demonstrating that both ends are using the "
"same key does **not** involve sending the key over the connection.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2140
msgid ""
"If authentication is requested but no authentication key is specified then "
"the return value of ``current_process().authkey`` is used (see :class:"
"`~multiprocessing.Process`).  This value will be automatically inherited by "
"any :class:`~multiprocessing.Process` object that the current process "
"creates. This means that (by default) all processes of a multi-process "
"program will share a single authentication key which can be used when "
"setting up connections between themselves."
msgstr ""
"Si l'authentification est requise et qu'aucune clé n'est spécifiée alors la "
"valeur de retour de ``current_process().authkey`` est utilisée (voir :class:"
"`~multiprocessing.Process`). Celle valeur est automatiquement héritée par "
"tout objet :class:`~multiprocessing.Process` créé par le processus courant. "
"Cela signifie que (par défaut) tous les processus d'un programme multi-"
"processus partageront une clé d'authentification unique qui peut être "
"utilisée pour mettre en place des connexions entre-eux."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2148
msgid ""
"Suitable authentication keys can also be generated by using :func:`os."
"urandom`."
msgstr ""
"Des clés d'authentification adaptées peuvent aussi être générées par :func:"
"`os.urandom`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2152
msgid "Logging"
msgstr "Journalisation"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2154
msgid ""
"Some support for logging is available.  Note, however, that the :mod:"
"`logging` package does not use process shared locks so it is possible "
"(depending on the handler type) for messages from different processes to get "
"mixed up."
msgstr ""
"Un certain support de la journalisation est disponible. Notez cependant que "
"le le paquet :mod:`logging` n'utilise pas de verrous partagés entre les "
"processus et il est donc possible (dépendant du type de gestionnaire) que "
"les messages de différents processus soient mélangés."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2161
msgid ""
"Returns the logger used by :mod:`multiprocessing`.  If necessary, a new one "
"will be created."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie le journaliseur utilisé par :mod:`multiprocessing`. Si nécessaire, "
"un nouveau sera créé."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2164
msgid ""
"When first created the logger has level :data:`logging.NOTSET` and no "
"default handler. Messages sent to this logger will not by default propagate "
"to the root logger."
msgstr ""
"À sa première création le journaliseur a pour niveau :data:`logging.NOTSET` "
"et pas de gestionnaire par défaut. Les messages envoyés à ce journaliseur ne "
"seront pas propagés par défaut au journaliseur principal."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2168
msgid ""
"Note that on Windows child processes will only inherit the level of the "
"parent process's logger -- any other customization of the logger will not be "
"inherited."
msgstr ""
"Notez que sous Windows les processus fils n'hériteront que du niveau du "
"journaliseur du processus parent -- toute autre personnalisation du "
"journaliseur ne sera pas héritée."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2175
msgid ""
"This function performs a call to :func:`get_logger` but in addition to "
"returning the logger created by get_logger, it adds a handler which sends "
"output to :data:`sys.stderr` using format ``'[%(levelname)s/%(processName)s] "
"%(message)s'``."
msgstr ""
"Cette fonction effectue un appel à :func:`get_logger` mais en plus de "
"renvoyer le journaliseur créé par *get_logger*, elle ajoute un gestionnaire "
"qui envoie la sortie sur :data:`sys.stderr` en utilisant le format "
"``'[%(levelname)s/%(processName)s] %(message)s'``."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2180
msgid "Below is an example session with logging turned on::"
msgstr ""
"L'exemple ci-dessous présente une session avec la journalisation activée ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2195
msgid ""
"In addition to having these two logging functions, the multiprocessing also "
"exposes two additional logging level attributes. These are  :const:"
"`SUBWARNING` and :const:`SUBDEBUG`. The table below illustrates where theses "
"fit in the normal level hierarchy."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2201
msgid "Level"
msgstr "Niveau"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2201
msgid "Numeric value"
msgstr "Valeur numérique"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2203
msgid "``SUBWARNING``"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2203
msgid "25"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2205
msgid "``SUBDEBUG``"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2205
msgid "5"
msgstr "5"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2208
msgid "For a full table of logging levels, see the :mod:`logging` module."
msgstr ""
"Pour un tableau complet des niveaux de journalisation, voir le module :mod:"
"`logging`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2210
msgid ""
"These additional logging levels are used primarily for certain debug "
"messages within the multiprocessing module. Below is the same example as "
"above, except with :const:`SUBDEBUG` enabled::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2234
msgid "The :mod:`multiprocessing.dummy` module"
msgstr "Le module :mod:`multiprocessing.dummy`"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2239
msgid ""
":mod:`multiprocessing.dummy` replicates the API of :mod:`multiprocessing` "
"but is no more than a wrapper around the :mod:`threading` module."
msgstr ""
":mod:`multiprocessing.dummy` réplique toute l'API de :mod:`multiprocessing` "
"mais n'est rien de plus qu'un *wrapper* autour du module :mod:`threading`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2246
msgid "Programming guidelines"
msgstr "Lignes directrices de programmation"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2248
msgid ""
"There are certain guidelines and idioms which should be adhered to when "
"using :mod:`multiprocessing`."
msgstr ""
"Il y a certaines lignes directrices et idiomes auxquels il faut adhérer en "
"utilisant :mod:`multiprocessing`."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2253
msgid "All platforms"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2255
msgid "Avoid shared state"
msgstr "Éviter les états partagés"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2257
msgid ""
"As far as possible one should try to avoid shifting large amounts of data "
"between processes."
msgstr ""
"Autant que possible, vous devriez éviter de déplacer de larges données entre "
"les processus."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2260
msgid ""
"It is probably best to stick to using queues or pipes for communication "
"between processes rather than using the lower level synchronization "
"primitives from the :mod:`threading` module."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2264
msgid "Picklability"
msgstr "Sérialisation"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2266
msgid "Ensure that the arguments to the methods of proxies are picklable."
msgstr ""
"Assurez-vous que les arguments passés aux méthodes des mandataires soient "
"sérialisables (*pickables*)."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2268
msgid "Thread safety of proxies"
msgstr "Sûreté des mandataires à travers les fils d'exécution"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2270
msgid ""
"Do not use a proxy object from more than one thread unless you protect it "
"with a lock."
msgstr ""
"N'utilisez pas d'objet mandataire depuis plus d'un fil d'exécution à moins "
"que vous ne le protégiez avec un verrou."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2273
msgid ""
"(There is never a problem with different processes using the *same* proxy.)"
msgstr ""
"(Il n'y a jamais de problème avec plusieurs processus utilisant un *même* "
"mandataire.)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2275
msgid "Joining zombie processes"
msgstr "Attendre les processus zombies"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2277
msgid ""
"On Unix when a process finishes but has not been joined it becomes a zombie. "
"There should never be very many because each time a new process starts (or :"
"func:`~multiprocessing.active_children` is called) all completed processes "
"which have not yet been joined will be joined.  Also calling a finished "
"process's :meth:`Process.is_alive <multiprocessing.Process.is_alive>` will "
"join the process.  Even so it is probably good practice to explicitly join "
"all the processes that you start."
msgstr ""
"Sous Unix quand un processus se termine mais n'est pas attendu, il devient "
"un zombie. Il ne devrait jamais y en avoir beaucoup parce que chaque fois "
"qu'un nouveau processus démarre (ou que :func:`~multiprocessing."
"active_children` est appelée) tous les processus complétés qui n'ont pas été "
"attendus le seront. Aussi appeler la méthode :meth:`Process.is_alive "
"<multiprocessing.Process.is_alive>` d'un processus terminé attendra le "
"processus. Toutefois il est probablement une bonne pratique d'attendre "
"explicitement tous les processus que vous démarrez."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2285
msgid "Better to inherit than pickle/unpickle"
msgstr "Préférez hériter que sérialiser/désérialiser"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2287
msgid ""
"On Windows many types from :mod:`multiprocessing` need to be picklable so "
"that child processes can use them.  However, one should generally avoid "
"sending shared objects to other processes using pipes or queues.  Instead "
"you should arrange the program so that a process which needs access to a "
"shared resource created elsewhere can inherit it from an ancestor process."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2293
msgid "Avoid terminating processes"
msgstr "Éviter de terminer les processus"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2295
msgid ""
"Using the :meth:`Process.terminate <multiprocessing.Process.terminate>` "
"method to stop a process is liable to cause any shared resources (such as "
"locks, semaphores, pipes and queues) currently being used by the process to "
"become broken or unavailable to other processes."
msgstr ""
"Utiliser la méthode :meth:`Process.terminate <multiprocessing.Process."
"terminate>` pour stopper un processus risque de casser ou de rendre "
"indisponible aux autres processus des ressources partagées (comme des "
"verrous, sémaphores, tubes et queues) actuellement utilisée par le processus."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2301
msgid ""
"Therefore it is probably best to only consider using :meth:`Process."
"terminate <multiprocessing.Process.terminate>` on processes which never use "
"any shared resources."
msgstr ""
"Il est donc probablement préférable de n'utiliser :meth:`Process.terminate "
"<multiprocessing.Process.terminate>` que sur les processus qui n'utilisent "
"jamais de ressources partagées."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2305
msgid "Joining processes that use queues"
msgstr "Attendre les processus qui utilisent des queues"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2307
msgid ""
"Bear in mind that a process that has put items in a queue will wait before "
"terminating until all the buffered items are fed by the \"feeder\" thread to "
"the underlying pipe.  (The child process can call the :meth:"
"`~multiprocessing.Queue.cancel_join_thread` method of the queue to avoid "
"this behaviour.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2312
msgid ""
"This means that whenever you use a queue you need to make sure that all "
"items which have been put on the queue will eventually be removed before the "
"process is joined.  Otherwise you cannot be sure that processes which have "
"put items on the queue will terminate.  Remember also that non-daemonic "
"processes will be joined automatically."
msgstr ""
"Cela signifie que chaque fois que vous utilisez une queue vous devez vous "
"assurer que tous les éléments qui y ont été placés seront effectivement "
"supprimés avant que le processus ne soit attendu. Autrement vous ne pouvez "
"pas être sûr que les processus qui ont placé des éléments dans la queue se "
"termineront. Souvenez-vous aussi que tous les processus non *daemons* seront "
"attendus automatiquement."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2318
msgid "An example which will deadlock is the following::"
msgstr "L'exemple suivant provoquera un interblocage ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2332
msgid ""
"A fix here would be to swap the last two lines (or simply remove the ``p."
"join()`` line)."
msgstr ""
"Une solution ici serait d'intervertir les deux dernières lignes (ou "
"simplement supprimer la ligne ``p.join()``)."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2335
msgid "Explicitly pass resources to child processes"
msgstr "Passer explicitement les ressources aux processus fils"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2337
msgid ""
"On Unix a child process can make use of a shared resource created in a "
"parent process using a global resource.  However, it is better to pass the "
"object as an argument to the constructor for the child process."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2341
msgid ""
"Apart from making the code (potentially) compatible with Windows this also "
"ensures that as long as the child process is still alive the object will not "
"be garbage collected in the parent process.  This might be important if some "
"resource is freed when the object is garbage collected in the parent process."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2347
msgid "So for instance ::"
msgstr "Donc par exemple ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2359
msgid "should be rewritten as ::"
msgstr "devrait être réécrit comme ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2371
msgid "Beware of replacing :data:`sys.stdin` with a \"file like object\""
msgstr ""
"Faire attention à remplacer :data:`sys.stdin` par un objet « *file-like* »"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2373
msgid ":mod:`multiprocessing` originally unconditionally called::"
msgstr "À l'origine, :mod:`multiprocessing` appelait inconditionnellement ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2377
msgid ""
"in the :meth:`multiprocessing.Process._bootstrap` method --- this resulted "
"in issues with processes-in-processes. This has been changed to::"
msgstr ""
"dans la méthode :meth:`multiprocessing.Process._bootstrap` --- cela "
"provoquait des problèmes avec les processus imbriqués. Cela peut être changé "
"en ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2383
msgid ""
"Which solves the fundamental issue of processes colliding with each other "
"resulting in a bad file descriptor error, but introduces a potential danger "
"to applications which replace :func:`sys.stdin` with a \"file-like object\" "
"with output buffering.  This danger is that if multiple processes call :meth:"
"`~io.IOBase.close()` on this file-like object, it could result in the same "
"data being flushed to the object multiple times, resulting in corruption."
msgstr ""
"Qui résout le problème fondamental des collisions entre processus provoquant "
"des erreurs de mauvais descripteurs de fichiers, mais introduit un potentiel "
"danger pour les applications qui remplacent :func:`sys.stdin` avec un "
"« *file-like object* » ayant une sortie *bufferisée*. Ce danger est que si "
"plusieurs processus appellent :meth:`~io.IOBase.close()` sur cet objet *file-"
"like*, cela peut amener les données à être transmises à l'objet à plusieurs "
"reprises, résultant en une corruption."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2390
msgid ""
"If you write a file-like object and implement your own caching, you can make "
"it fork-safe by storing the pid whenever you append to the cache, and "
"discarding the cache when the pid changes. For example::"
msgstr ""
"Si vous écrivez un objet *file-like* et implémentez votre propre cache, vous "
"pouvez le rendre sûr pour les *forks* en stockant le *pid* chaque fois que "
"vous ajoutez des données au cache, et annulez le cache quand le *pip* "
"change. Par exemple ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2402
msgid ""
"For more information, see :issue:`5155`, :issue:`5313` and :issue:`5331`"
msgstr ""
"Pour plus d'informations, voir :issue:`5155`, :issue:`5313` et :issue:`5331`"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2405
msgid "Windows"
msgstr "Windows"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2407
msgid "Since Windows lacks :func:`os.fork` it has a few extra restrictions:"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2409
msgid "More picklability"
msgstr "Plus de sérialisation"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2411
msgid ""
"Ensure that all arguments to :meth:`Process.__init__` are picklable.  This "
"means, in particular, that bound or unbound methods cannot be used directly "
"as the ``target`` argument on Windows --- just define a function and use "
"that instead."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2416
msgid ""
"Also, if you subclass :class:`~multiprocessing.Process` then make sure that "
"instances will be picklable when the :meth:`Process.start <multiprocessing."
"Process.start>` method is called."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2420
msgid "Global variables"
msgstr "Variables globales"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2422
msgid ""
"Bear in mind that if code run in a child process tries to access a global "
"variable, then the value it sees (if any) may not be the same as the value "
"in the parent process at the time that :meth:`Process.start <multiprocessing."
"Process.start>` was called."
msgstr ""
"Gardez en tête que si le code exécuté dans un processus fils essaie "
"d'accéder à une variable globale, alors la valeur qu'il voit (s'il y en a "
"une) pourrait ne pas être la même que la valeur du processus parent au "
"moment même où :meth:`Process.start <multiprocessing.Process.start>` est "
"appelée."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2427
msgid ""
"However, global variables which are just module level constants cause no "
"problems."
msgstr ""
"Cependant, les variables globales qui sont juste des constantes de modules "
"ne posent pas de problèmes."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2430
msgid "Safe importing of main module"
msgstr "Importation sûre du module principal"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2432
msgid ""
"Make sure that the main module can be safely imported by a new Python "
"interpreter without causing unintended side effects (such a starting a new "
"process)."
msgstr ""
"Assurez-vous que le module principal peut être importé en toute sécurité par "
"un nouvel interpréteur Python sans causer d'effets de bord inattendus (comme "
"le démarrage d'un nouveau processus)."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2436
msgid ""
"For example, under Windows running the following module would fail with a :"
"exc:`RuntimeError`::"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2447
msgid ""
"Instead one should protect the \"entry point\" of the program by using ``if "
"__name__ == '__main__':`` as follows::"
msgstr ""
"Vous devriez plutôt protéger le « point d'entrée » du programme en utilisant "
"``if __name__ == '__main__':`` comme suit ::"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2460
msgid ""
"(The ``freeze_support()`` line can be omitted if the program will be run "
"normally instead of frozen.)"
msgstr ""
"(La ligne ``freeze_support()`` peut être omise si le programme est "
"uniquement lancé normalement et pas gelé.)"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2463
msgid ""
"This allows the newly spawned Python interpreter to safely import the module "
"and then run the module's ``foo()`` function."
msgstr ""
"Cela permet aux interpréteurs Python fraîchement instanciés d'importer en "
"toute sécurité le module et d'exécution ensuite la fonction ``foo()``."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2466
msgid ""
"Similar restrictions apply if a pool or manager is created in the main "
"module."
msgstr ""
"Des restrictions similaires s'appliquent si une *pool* ou un gestionnaire "
"est créé dans le module principal."

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2473
msgid "Examples"
msgstr "Exemples"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2475
msgid "Demonstration of how to create and use customized managers and proxies:"
msgstr ""
"Démonstration de comment créer et utiliser des gestionnaires et mandataires "
"personnalisés :"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2480
msgid "Using :class:`~multiprocessing.pool.Pool`:"
msgstr "En utilisant :class:`~multiprocessing.pool.Pool` :"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2485
msgid "Synchronization types like locks, conditions and queues:"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2490
msgid ""
"An example showing how to use queues to feed tasks to a collection of worker "
"processes and collect the results:"
msgstr ""
"Un exemple montrant comment utiliser des queues pour alimenter en tâches une "
"collection de processus *workers* et collecter les résultats :"

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2496
msgid ""
"An example of how a pool of worker processes can each run a :class:"
"`SimpleHTTPServer.HttpServer` instance while sharing a single listening "
"socket."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/multiprocessing.rst:2503
msgid ""
"Some simple benchmarks comparing :mod:`multiprocessing` with :mod:"
"`threading`:"
msgstr ""