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Title: Étendre une «pool» ZFS racine après une installation Ubuntu
Date: 2021-01-03 21:55
Modified: 2021-04-30
Summary: 1ère étape après une installation d'Ubuntu sur ZFS
Category: Bloc-notes
Tags: zfs, ubuntu, admin, shell, cli, performance, logiciel libre,
Status: Published
Lang: fr
Slug: extend-zfs-root-pool-after-ubuntu-installation
Depuis [Eoan Ermine (Ubuntu 19.10)](https://ubuntu.com/blog/enhancing-our-zfs-support-on-ubuntu-19-10-an-introduction), l'installeur Ubuntu (pour _desktop_) peut utiliser [ZFS](https://github.com/openzfs/zfs) comme système de fichier racine.
La version LTS du moment, [Focal Fossa (Ubuntu 20.04)](https://ubuntu.com/blog/zfs-focus-on-ubuntu-20-04-lts-whats-new) propose seulement une installation mono-disque, voici comment transformer une installation mono-disque en une installation à _disques miroirs_ pour utiliser la résilience des données fournie par ZFS.
🚧 _ZFS on root reste expérimental_ 🚧
🔧 Mode d'emploi
----------------
* `sda` est le disque utilisé par l'installeur
* `sdb` est le disque que l'on va ajouter pour créer un miroir
```
user@focal:~$ lsblk -a
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 931,5G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 513M 0 part
├─sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
├─sda5 8:5 0 2G 0 part [SWAP]
├─sda6 8:6 0 2G 0 part
└─sda7 8:7 0 927G 0 part
sdb 8:16 0 931,5G 0 disk
```
```bash
user@focal:~$ blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="BFE4-2413" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="f0771fca-01"
/dev/sda5: UUID="42456868-afc5-4dea-8b73-11257b84890e" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="f0771fca-05"
/dev/sda6: LABEL="bpool" UUID="11578277722432725130" UUID_SUB="9520999198366150859" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTUUID="f0771fca-06"
/dev/sda7: LABEL="rpool" UUID="13693210375688435814" UUID_SUB="8709443765040685487" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTUUID="f0771fca-07"
```
Ubuntu crée 2 [`pools`](https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/zfs-term.html#zfs-term-pool) :
1. `bpool` : coontient la _pool_ de `boot`
1. `rpool` : contient la _pool_ avec tout le système de fichier
```bash
user@focal:~$ zpool list
NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CKPOINT EXPANDSZ FRAG CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT
bpool 1,88G 91,2M 1,79G - - 0% 4% 1.00x ONLINE -
rpool 920G 3,19G 917G - - 0% 0% 1.00x ONLINE -
```
```bash
user@focal:~$ zpool status
pool: bpool
state: ONLINE
scan: none requested
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
bpool ONLINE 0 0 0
f0771fca-06 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
pool: rpool
state: ONLINE
scan: none requested
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
rpool ONLINE 0 0 0
f0771fca-07 ONLINE 0 0 0
```
Lancer `fdisk` pour copier la table de partition de `sda` vers `sdb` avec un fichier de script compatible `sfdisk` ([_voir la page de manuel_](https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/focal/en/man8/fdisk.8.html#script%20files)).
```bash
user@focal:~$ fdisk /dev/sda #copy to file with O
user@focal:~$ fdisk /dev/sdb #import from file with I
```
```bash
user@focal:~$ lsblk -a
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 931,5G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 513M 0 part
├─sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
├─sda5 8:5 0 2G 0 part [SWAP]
├─sda6 8:6 0 2G 0 part
└─sda7 8:7 0 927G 0 part
sdb 8:16 0 931,5G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 513M 0 part
├─sdb2 8:18 0 1K 0 part
├─sdb5 8:21 0 2G 0 part
├─sdb6 8:22 0 2G 0 part
└─sdb7 8:23 0 927G 0 part
```
[Attacher](https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/zfs-zpool.html#zfs-zpool-attach) les partitions jumelles a leur _pool_ :
```bash
user@focal:~$ sudo zpool attach bpool f0771fca-06 /dev/sdb6
user@focal:~$ sudo zpool attach rpool f0771fca-07 /dev/sdb7
```
🎉 Tada!
```bash
user@focal:~$ zpool status
pool: bpool
state: ONLINE
scan: resilvered 92,2M in 0 days 00:00:01 with 0 errors on Sun Jan 3 22:22:09 2021
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
bpool ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
f0771fca-06 ONLINE 0 0 0
sdb6 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
pool: rpool
state: ONLINE
scan: resilvered 4,05G in 0 days 00:01:06 with 0 errors on Sun Jan 3 22:24:05 2021
remove: Removal of vdev 1 copied 3,36M in 0h0m, completed on Sun Jan 3 21:14:16 2021
456 memory used for removed device mappings
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
rpool ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
f0771fca-07 ONLINE 0 0 0
sdb7 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
```
📝 MàJ du 30/4/2021
-------------------
1. Étapes compatible avec l'installeur de la [version `21.04` «_Hirsute Hippo_»](https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/hirsute-hippo-release-notes/19221).
* la numérotation des partitions semble être continue désormais
1. Étendre la `swap` avec la partition disponible sur le disque ajouté :
```bash
user@hirsute:~$ free -h
total utilisé libre partagé tamp/cache disponible
Mem: 11Gi 974Mi 10Gi 7,0Mi 259Mi 10Gi
Swap: 2,0Gi 0B 2,0Gi
user@hirsute:~$ sudo mkswap /dev/sdb5
Configure l'espace d'échange (swap) en version 1, taille = 2 GiB (2147479552 octets)
pas d'étiquette, UUID=bbbbbbbb-bbbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbbbbb
user@hirsute:~$ grep swap /etc/fstab
UUID=aaaaaaaa-aaaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaaaa none swap sw 0 0
UUID=bbbbbbbb-bbbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbbbbb none swap sw 0 0
user@hirsute:~$ sudo swapon -U bbbbbbbb-bbbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbbbbb
user@hirsute:~$ free -h
total utilisé libre partagé tamp/cache disponible
Mem: 11Gi 1,0Gi 10Gi 7,0Mi 261Mi 10Gi
Swap: 4,0Gi 0B 4,0Gi
```
---
🔖 Références
-------------
1. [_ZFS Features and Terminology_](https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/zfs-term.html) - `www.freebsd.org`
1. [_The Z File System (ZFS)_](https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/zfs-quickstart.html) - `www.freebsd.org`
1. [_OpenZFS_](https://github.com/openzfs/zfs) - `github.com`
1. [_Enhancing our ZFS support on Ubuntu 19.10 – an introduction_](https://ubuntu.com/blog/enhancing-our-zfs-support-on-ubuntu-19-10-an-introduction) - `ubuntu.com`
1. [_ZFS focus on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS: what’s new?_](https://ubuntu.com/blog/zfs-focus-on-ubuntu-20-04-lts-whats-new) - `ubuntu.com`
1. [_zpool manpage_](https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/focal/en/man8/zpool.8.html) - `manpages.ubuntu.com`
1. [_zfs manpage_](https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/focal/en/man8/zfs.8.html) - `manpages.ubuntu.com`
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