python-docs-fr/library/tarfile.po

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msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:2
msgid ":mod:`tarfile` --- Read and write tar archive files"
msgstr ":mod:`tarfile` — Lecture et écriture de fichiers d'archives **tar**"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:13
msgid "**Source code:** :source:`Lib/tarfile.py`"
msgstr "**Code source :** :source:`Lib/tarfile.py`"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:17
msgid ""
"The :mod:`tarfile` module makes it possible to read and write tar archives, "
"including those using gzip or bz2 compression. Use the :mod:`zipfile` module "
"to read or write :file:`.zip` files, or the higher-level functions in :ref:"
"`shutil <archiving-operations>`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:22
msgid "Some facts and figures:"
msgstr "Quelques faits et chiffres :"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:24
msgid ""
"reads and writes :mod:`gzip` and :mod:`bz2` compressed archives if the "
"respective modules are available."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:27
msgid "read/write support for the POSIX.1-1988 (ustar) format."
msgstr ""
"prise en charge de la lecture/écriture pour le format *POSIX.1-1988* "
"(*ustar*)."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:29
msgid ""
"read/write support for the GNU tar format including *longname* and "
"*longlink* extensions, read-only support for the *sparse* extension."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:32
msgid "read/write support for the POSIX.1-2001 (pax) format."
msgstr ""
"prise en charge de la lecture/écriture pour le format *POSIX.1-2001* (*pax*)."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:36
msgid ""
"handles directories, regular files, hardlinks, symbolic links, fifos, "
"character devices and block devices and is able to acquire and restore file "
"information like timestamp, access permissions and owner."
msgstr ""
"gère les répertoires, les fichiers normaux, les liens directs (*hard links* "
"en anglais), les liens symboliques, les tubes nommés (*FIFO* en anglais), "
"les périphériques de caractère et les périphériques de bloc et est en mesure "
"d'acquérir et de restaurer les informations du fichier comme l'horodatage, "
"les autorisations d'accès et le propriétaire."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:43
msgid ""
"Return a :class:`TarFile` object for the pathname *name*. For detailed "
"information on :class:`TarFile` objects and the keyword arguments that are "
"allowed, see :ref:`tarfile-objects`."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie un objet :class:`TarFile` pour le nom de chemin *name*. Pour plus "
"d'informations sur les objets :class:`TarFile` et les mot-clefs arguments "
"permis, voir :ref:`tarfile-objects`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:47
msgid ""
"*mode* has to be a string of the form ``'filemode[:compression]'``, it "
"defaults to ``'r'``. Here is a full list of mode combinations:"
msgstr ""
"Le *mode* doit être une chaîne de caractères de la forme ``'filemode[:"
"compression]'``, par défaut à ``'r'``. Voici une liste complète des "
"combinaisons de mode :"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:51
msgid "mode"
msgstr "mode"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:51
msgid "action"
msgstr "action"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:53
msgid "``'r' or 'r:*'``"
msgstr "``'r' ou 'r:*'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:53
msgid "Open for reading with transparent compression (recommended)."
msgstr "Ouvre en lecture avec compression transparente (recommandé)."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:56
msgid "``'r:'``"
msgstr "``'r:'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:56
msgid "Open for reading exclusively without compression."
msgstr "Ouvre en lecture, sans compression."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:59
msgid "``'r:gz'``"
msgstr "``'r:gz'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:59
msgid "Open for reading with gzip compression."
msgstr "Ouvre en lecture avec la compression *gzip*."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:61
msgid "``'r:bz2'``"
msgstr "``'r:bz2'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:61
msgid "Open for reading with bzip2 compression."
msgstr "Ouvre en lecture avec la compression *bzip2*."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:63
msgid "``'a' or 'a:'``"
msgstr "``'a' ou 'a:'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:63
msgid ""
"Open for appending with no compression. The file is created if it does not "
"exist."
msgstr ""
"Ouvre pour ajouter à la fin, sans compression. Le fichier est créé s'il "
"n'existe pas."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:66
msgid "``'w' or 'w:'``"
msgstr "``'w' ou 'w:'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:66
msgid "Open for uncompressed writing."
msgstr "Ouvre en écriture, sans compression."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:68
msgid "``'w:gz'``"
msgstr "``'w:gz'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:68
msgid "Open for gzip compressed writing."
msgstr "Ouvre en écriture avec compression *gzip*."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:70
msgid "``'w:bz2'``"
msgstr "``'w:bz2'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:70
msgid "Open for bzip2 compressed writing."
msgstr "Ouvre en écriture avec compression *bzip2*."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:73
msgid ""
"Note that ``'a:gz'`` or ``'a:bz2'`` is not possible. If *mode* is not "
"suitable to open a certain (compressed) file for reading, :exc:`ReadError` "
"is raised. Use *mode* ``'r'`` to avoid this.  If a compression method is not "
"supported, :exc:`CompressionError` is raised."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:78
msgid ""
"If *fileobj* is specified, it is used as an alternative to a file object "
"opened for *name*. It is supposed to be at position 0."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:81
msgid ""
"For modes ``'w:gz'``, ``'r:gz'``, ``'w:bz2'``, ``'r:bz2'``, :func:`tarfile."
"open` accepts the keyword argument *compresslevel* (default ``9``) to "
"specify the compression level of the file."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:85
msgid ""
"For special purposes, there is a second format for *mode*: ``'filemode|"
"[compression]'``.  :func:`tarfile.open` will return a :class:`TarFile` "
"object that processes its data as a stream of blocks.  No random seeking "
"will be done on the file. If given, *fileobj* may be any object that has a :"
"meth:`read` or :meth:`write` method (depending on the *mode*). *bufsize* "
"specifies the blocksize and defaults to ``20 * 512`` bytes. Use this variant "
"in combination with e.g. ``sys.stdin``, a socket file object or a tape "
"device. However, such a :class:`TarFile` object is limited in that it does "
"not allow random access, see :ref:`tar-examples`.  The currently possible "
"modes:"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:97
msgid "Mode"
msgstr "Mode"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:97
msgid "Action"
msgstr "Action"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:99
msgid "``'r|*'``"
msgstr "``'r|*'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:99
msgid "Open a *stream* of tar blocks for reading with transparent compression."
msgstr ""
"Ouvre un *flux* des blocs de *tar* en lecture avec une compression "
"transparente."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:102
msgid "``'r|'``"
msgstr "``'r|'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:102
msgid "Open a *stream* of uncompressed tar blocks for reading."
msgstr "Ouvre un *flux* de blocs *tar* non compressés en lecture."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:105
msgid "``'r|gz'``"
msgstr "``'r|gz'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:105
msgid "Open a gzip compressed *stream* for reading."
msgstr "Ouvre un flux compressé avec *gzip* en lecture."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:108
msgid "``'r|bz2'``"
msgstr "``'r|bz2'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:108
msgid "Open a bzip2 compressed *stream* for reading."
msgstr "Ouvre un *flux* compressé avec *bzip2* en lecture."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:111
msgid "``'w|'``"
msgstr "``'w|'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:111
msgid "Open an uncompressed *stream* for writing."
msgstr "Ouvre un *flux* non compressé en écriture."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:113
msgid "``'w|gz'``"
msgstr "``'w|gz'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:113
msgid "Open a gzip compressed *stream* for writing."
msgstr "Ouvre un *flux* compressé avec *gzip* en écriture."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:116
msgid "``'w|bz2'``"
msgstr "``'w|bz2'``"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:116
msgid "Open a bzip2 compressed *stream* for writing."
msgstr "Ouvre un *flux* compressé avec *bzip2* en écriture."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:123
msgid ""
"Class for reading and writing tar archives. Do not use this class directly, "
"better use :func:`tarfile.open` instead. See :ref:`tarfile-objects`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:129
msgid ""
"Return :const:`True` if *name* is a tar archive file, that the :mod:"
"`tarfile` module can read."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:135
msgid ""
"Class for limited access to tar archives with a :mod:`zipfile`\\ -like "
"interface. Please consult the documentation of the :mod:`zipfile` module for "
"more details. *compression* must be one of the following constants:"
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:142
msgid "Constant for an uncompressed tar archive."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:147
msgid "Constant for a :mod:`gzip` compressed tar archive."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:150
msgid "The :class:`TarFileCompat` class has been removed in Python 3."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:156
msgid "Base class for all :mod:`tarfile` exceptions."
msgstr "Classe de base pour toutes les exceptions du module :mod:`tarfile`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:161
msgid ""
"Is raised when a tar archive is opened, that either cannot be handled by "
"the :mod:`tarfile` module or is somehow invalid."
msgstr ""
"Est levée lors de l'ouverture d'une archive *tar*, qui ne peut pas être "
"gérée par le module :mod:`tarfile` ou est invalide."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:167
msgid ""
"Is raised when a compression method is not supported or when the data cannot "
"be decoded properly."
msgstr ""
"Est levée lorsqu'une méthode de compression n'est pas prise en charge ou "
"lorsque les données ne peuvent pas être décodées correctement."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:173
msgid ""
"Is raised for the limitations that are typical for stream-like :class:"
"`TarFile` objects."
msgstr ""
"Est levée pour les limitations typiques des objets de type flux :class:"
"`TarFile`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:179
msgid ""
"Is raised for *non-fatal* errors when using :meth:`TarFile.extract`, but "
"only if :attr:`TarFile.errorlevel`\\ ``== 2``."
msgstr ""
"Est levée pour des erreurs *non-fatales* lors de l'utilisation de :meth:"
"`TarFile.extract`, mais uniquement si :attr:`TarFile.errorlevel`\\ `` == 2``."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:183
msgid "The following constants are available at the module level:"
msgstr "Les constantes suivantes sont disponibles au niveau du module :"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:187
msgid ""
"The default character encoding: ``'utf-8'`` on Windows, the value returned "
"by :func:`sys.getfilesystemencoding` otherwise."
msgstr ""
"L'encodage des caractères par défaut est ``'utf-8'`` sous Windows, sinon la "
"valeur renvoyée par :func:`sys.getfilesystemencoding`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:193
msgid "Is raised by :meth:`TarInfo.frombuf` if the buffer it gets is invalid."
msgstr ""
"Est levée par :meth:`TarInfo.frombuf` si le tampon qu'il obtient n'est pas "
"valide."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:198
msgid ""
"Each of the following constants defines a tar archive format that the :mod:"
"`tarfile` module is able to create. See section :ref:`tar-formats` for "
"details."
msgstr ""
"Chacune des constantes suivantes définit un format d'archive *tar* que le "
"module :mod:`tarfile` est capable de créer. Voir la section :ref:`tar-"
"formats` pour plus de détails."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:205
msgid "POSIX.1-1988 (ustar) format."
msgstr "Le format *POSIX.1-1988* (*ustar*)."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:210
msgid "GNU tar format."
msgstr "Le format GNU *tar*."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:215
msgid "POSIX.1-2001 (pax) format."
msgstr "Le format *POSIX.1-2001* (*pax*)."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:220
msgid ""
"The default format for creating archives. This is currently :const:"
"`GNU_FORMAT`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:226
msgid "Module :mod:`zipfile`"
msgstr "Module :mod:`zipfile`"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:226
msgid "Documentation of the :mod:`zipfile` standard module."
msgstr "Documentation du module standard :mod:`zipfile`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:230
msgid ":ref:`archiving-operations`"
msgstr ":ref:`archiving-operations`"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:229
msgid ""
"Documentation of the higher-level archiving facilities provided by the "
"standard :mod:`shutil` module."
msgstr ""
"Documentation des outils d'archivage de haut niveau fournis par le module "
"standard :mod:`shutil`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:232
msgid ""
"`GNU tar manual, Basic Tar Format <https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/"
"html_node/Standard.html>`_"
msgstr ""
"`Manuel GNU *tar*, format *tar* basique (en anglais) <https://www.gnu.org/"
"software/tar/manual/html_node/Standard.html>`_"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:233
msgid "Documentation for tar archive files, including GNU tar extensions."
msgstr ""
"Documentation pour les fichiers d'archive *tar*, y compris les extensions "
"*tar* GNU."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:239
msgid "TarFile Objects"
msgstr "Les objets *TarFile*"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:241
msgid ""
"The :class:`TarFile` object provides an interface to a tar archive. A tar "
"archive is a sequence of blocks. An archive member (a stored file) is made "
"up of a header block followed by data blocks. It is possible to store a file "
"in a tar archive several times. Each archive member is represented by a :"
"class:`TarInfo` object, see :ref:`tarinfo-objects` for details."
msgstr ""
"L'objet :class:`TarFile` fournit une interface vers une archive *tar*. Une "
"archive *tar* est une séquence de blocs. Un membre d'archive (un fichier "
"stocké) est composé d'un bloc d'en-tête suivi des blocs de données. Il est "
"possible de stocker plusieurs fois un fichier dans une archive *tar*. Chaque "
"membre d'archive est représenté par un objet :class:`TarInfo`, voir :ref:"
"`tarinfo-objects` pour plus de détails."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:247
msgid ""
"A :class:`TarFile` object can be used as a context manager in a :keyword:"
"`with` statement. It will automatically be closed when the block is "
"completed. Please note that in the event of an exception an archive opened "
"for writing will not be finalized; only the internally used file object will "
"be closed. See the :ref:`tar-examples` section for a use case."
msgstr ""
"Un objet :class:`TarFile` peut être utilisé comme gestionnaire de contexte "
"dans une instruction :keyword:`with`. Il sera automatiquement fermé une fois "
"le bloc terminé. Veuillez noter qu'en cas d'exception, une archive ouverte "
"en écriture ne sera pas finalisée ; seul l'objet fichier utilisé en interne "
"sera fermé. Voir la section :ref:`tar-examples` pour un cas d'utilisation."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:253
msgid "Added support for the context management protocol."
msgstr "Ajout de la prise en charge du protocole de gestion de contexte."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:258
msgid ""
"All following arguments are optional and can be accessed as instance "
"attributes as well."
msgstr ""
"Tous les arguments suivants sont facultatifs et sont également accessibles "
"en tant qu'instance d'attributs."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:261
msgid ""
"*name* is the pathname of the archive. It can be omitted if *fileobj* is "
"given. In this case, the file object's :attr:`name` attribute is used if it "
"exists."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:264
msgid ""
"*mode* is either ``'r'`` to read from an existing archive, ``'a'`` to append "
"data to an existing file or ``'w'`` to create a new file overwriting an "
"existing one."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:268
msgid ""
"If *fileobj* is given, it is used for reading or writing data. If it can be "
"determined, *mode* is overridden by *fileobj*'s mode. *fileobj* will be used "
"from position 0."
msgstr ""
"Si *fileobj* est fourni, il est utilisé pour lire ou écrire des données. "
"S'il peut être déterminé, le *mode* est remplacé par le mode de *fileobj*. "
"*fileobj* sera utilisé à partir de la position 0."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:274
msgid "*fileobj* is not closed, when :class:`TarFile` is closed."
msgstr "*fileobj* n'est pas fermé, lorsque :class:`TarFile` est fermé."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:276
msgid ""
"*format* controls the archive format. It must be one of the constants :const:"
"`USTAR_FORMAT`, :const:`GNU_FORMAT` or :const:`PAX_FORMAT` that are defined "
"at module level."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:282
msgid ""
"The *tarinfo* argument can be used to replace the default :class:`TarInfo` "
"class with a different one."
msgstr ""
"L'argument *tarinfo* peut être utilisé pour remplacer la classe par défaut :"
"class:`TarInfo` par une autre."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:287
msgid ""
"If *dereference* is :const:`False`, add symbolic and hard links to the "
"archive. If it is :const:`True`, add the content of the target files to the "
"archive. This has no effect on systems that do not support symbolic links."
msgstr ""
"Si *dereference* est :const:`False`, ajoute des liens symboliques et "
"physiques à l'archive. Si c'est :const:`True`, ajoute le contenu des "
"fichiers cibles à l'archive. Cela n'a aucun effet sur les systèmes qui ne "
"prennent pas en charge les liens symboliques."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:291
msgid ""
"If *ignore_zeros* is :const:`False`, treat an empty block as the end of the "
"archive. If it is :const:`True`, skip empty (and invalid) blocks and try to "
"get as many members as possible. This is only useful for reading "
"concatenated or damaged archives."
msgstr ""
"Si *ignore_zeros* est :const:`False`, traite un bloc vide comme la fin de "
"l'archive. Si c'est le cas :const:`True`, saute les blocs vides (et "
"invalides) et essaye d'obtenir autant de membres que possible. Ceci n'est "
"utile que pour lire des archives concaténées ou endommagées."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:295
msgid ""
"*debug* can be set from ``0`` (no debug messages) up to ``3`` (all debug "
"messages). The messages are written to ``sys.stderr``."
msgstr ""
"*debug* peut être défini de ``0`` (aucun message de débogage) à ``3`` (tous "
"les messages de débogage). Les messages sont écrits dans ``sys.stderr``."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:298
msgid ""
"If *errorlevel* is ``0``, all errors are ignored when using :meth:`TarFile."
"extract`. Nevertheless, they appear as error messages in the debug output, "
"when debugging is enabled.  If ``1``, all *fatal* errors are raised as :exc:"
"`OSError` or :exc:`IOError` exceptions. If ``2``, all *non-fatal* errors are "
"raised as :exc:`TarError` exceptions as well."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:304
msgid ""
"The *encoding* and *errors* arguments control the way strings are converted "
"to unicode objects and vice versa. The default settings will work for most "
"users. See section :ref:`tar-unicode` for in-depth information."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:310
msgid ""
"The *pax_headers* argument is an optional dictionary of unicode strings "
"which will be added as a pax global header if *format* is :const:"
"`PAX_FORMAT`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:318
msgid ""
"Alternative constructor. The :func:`tarfile.open` function is actually a "
"shortcut to this classmethod."
msgstr ""
"Constructeur alternatif. La fonction :func:`tarfile.open` est en fait un "
"raccourci vers cette méthode de classe."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:324
msgid ""
"Return a :class:`TarInfo` object for member *name*. If *name* can not be "
"found in the archive, :exc:`KeyError` is raised."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie un objet :class:`TarInfo` pour le membre *name*. Si *name* est "
"introuvable dans l'archive, :exc:`KeyError` est levée."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:329
msgid ""
"If a member occurs more than once in the archive, its last occurrence is "
"assumed to be the most up-to-date version."
msgstr ""
"Si un membre apparaît plus d'une fois dans l'archive, sa dernière occurrence "
"est supposée être la version la plus récente."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:335
msgid ""
"Return the members of the archive as a list of :class:`TarInfo` objects. The "
"list has the same order as the members in the archive."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie les membres de l'archive sous la forme d'une liste d'objets :class:"
"`TarInfo`. La liste a le même ordre que les membres de l'archive."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:341
msgid ""
"Return the members as a list of their names. It has the same order as the "
"list returned by :meth:`getmembers`."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie les membres comme une liste de leurs noms. Il a le même ordre que la "
"liste renvoyée par :meth:`getmembers`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:347
msgid ""
"Print a table of contents to ``sys.stdout``. If *verbose* is :const:`False`, "
"only the names of the members are printed. If it is :const:`True`, output "
"similar to that of :program:`ls -l` is produced."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:354
msgid ""
"Return the next member of the archive as a :class:`TarInfo` object, when :"
"class:`TarFile` is opened for reading. Return :const:`None` if there is no "
"more available."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie le membre suivant de l'archive en tant qu'objet :class:`TarInfo`, "
"lorsque la classe :class:`TarFile` est ouverte en lecture. Renvoie :const:"
"`None` s'il n'y a pas."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:361
msgid ""
"Extract all members from the archive to the current working directory or "
"directory *path*. If optional *members* is given, it must be a subset of the "
"list returned by :meth:`getmembers`. Directory information like owner, "
"modification time and permissions are set after all members have been "
"extracted. This is done to work around two problems: A directory's "
"modification time is reset each time a file is created in it. And, if a "
"directory's permissions do not allow writing, extracting files to it will "
"fail."
msgstr ""
"Extrait tous les membres de l'archive vers le répertoire de travail actuel "
"ou le répertoire *chemin*. Si des *membres* facultatifs sont fournis, il "
"doit s'agir d'un sous-ensemble de la liste renvoyée par :meth:`getmembers`. "
"Les informations d'annuaire telles que le propriétaire, l'heure de "
"modification et les autorisations sont définies une fois tous les membres "
"extraits. Cela est fait pour contourner deux problèmes : l'heure de "
"modification d'un répertoire est réinitialisée chaque fois qu'un fichier y "
"est créé. Et, si les autorisations d'un répertoire ne permettent pas "
"l'écriture, l'extraction de fichiers échoue."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:371
msgid ""
"Never extract archives from untrusted sources without prior inspection. It "
"is possible that files are created outside of *path*, e.g. members that have "
"absolute filenames starting with ``\"/\"`` or filenames with two dots ``\".."
"\"``."
msgstr ""
"Ne jamais extraire des archives de sources non fiables sans inspection "
"préalable. Il est possible que des fichiers soient créés en dehors de "
"*chemin*, par exemple : les membres qui ont des noms de fichiers absolus "
"commençant par ``\"/\"`` ou des noms de fichiers avec deux points ``\"..\"``."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:381
msgid ""
"Extract a member from the archive to the current working directory, using "
"its full name. Its file information is extracted as accurately as possible. "
"*member* may be a filename or a :class:`TarInfo` object. You can specify a "
"different directory using *path*."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:388
msgid ""
"The :meth:`extract` method does not take care of several extraction issues. "
"In most cases you should consider using the :meth:`extractall` method."
msgstr ""
"La méthode :meth:`extract` ne prend pas en charge plusieurs problèmes "
"d'extraction. Dans la plupart des cas, vous devriez envisager d'utiliser la "
"méthode :meth:`extractall`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:393
msgid "See the warning for :meth:`extractall`."
msgstr "Voir l'avertissement pour :meth:`extractall`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:398
msgid ""
"Extract a member from the archive as a file object. *member* may be a "
"filename or a :class:`TarInfo` object. If *member* is a regular file, a file-"
"like object is returned. If *member* is a link, a file-like object is "
"constructed from the link's target. If *member* is none of the above, :const:"
"`None` is returned."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:405
msgid ""
"The file-like object is read-only.  It provides the methods :meth:`read`, :"
"meth:`readline`, :meth:`readlines`, :meth:`seek`, :meth:`tell`, and :meth:"
"`close`, and also supports iteration over its lines."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:412
msgid ""
"Add the file *name* to the archive. *name* may be any type of file "
"(directory, fifo, symbolic link, etc.). If given, *arcname* specifies an "
"alternative name for the file in the archive. Directories are added "
"recursively by default. This can be avoided by setting *recursive* to :const:"
"`False`. If *exclude* is given it must be a function that takes one filename "
"argument and returns a boolean value. Depending on this value the respective "
"file is either excluded (:const:`True`) or added (:const:`False`). If "
"*filter* is specified it must be a function that takes a :class:`TarInfo` "
"object argument and returns the changed :class:`TarInfo` object. If it "
"instead returns :const:`None` the :class:`TarInfo` object will be excluded "
"from the archive. See :ref:`tar-examples` for an example."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:424
msgid "Added the *exclude* parameter."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:427
msgid "Added the *filter* parameter."
msgstr "Ajout du paramètre *filter*."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:430
msgid ""
"The *exclude* parameter is deprecated, please use the *filter* parameter "
"instead.  For maximum portability, *filter* should be used as a keyword "
"argument rather than as a positional argument so that code won't be affected "
"when *exclude* is ultimately removed."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:439
msgid ""
"Add the :class:`TarInfo` object *tarinfo* to the archive. If *fileobj* is "
"given, ``tarinfo.size`` bytes are read from it and added to the archive.  "
"You can create :class:`TarInfo` objects directly, or by using :meth:"
"`gettarinfo`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:444
msgid ""
"On Windows platforms, *fileobj* should always be opened with mode ``'rb'`` "
"to avoid irritation about the file size."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:450
msgid ""
"Create a :class:`TarInfo` object from the result of :func:`os.stat` or "
"equivalent on an existing file.  The file is either named by *name*, or "
"specified as a file object *fileobj* with a file descriptor.  If given, "
"*arcname* specifies an alternative name for the file in the archive, "
"otherwise, the name is taken from *fileobj*’s :attr:`~file.name` attribute, "
"or the *name* argument."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:457
msgid ""
"You can modify some of the :class:`TarInfo`’s attributes before you add it "
"using :meth:`addfile`. If the file object is not an ordinary file object "
"positioned at the beginning of the file, attributes such as :attr:`~TarInfo."
"size` may need modifying.  This is the case for objects such as :class:"
"`~gzip.GzipFile`. The :attr:`~TarInfo.name` may also be modified, in which "
"case *arcname* could be a dummy string."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez modifier certains des attributs de :class:`TarInfo` avant de les "
"ajouter en utilisant :meth:`addfile`. Si l'objet fichier n'est pas un objet "
"fichier ordinaire positionné au début du fichier, des attributs tels que :"
"attr:`~TarInfo.size` peuvent nécessiter une modification. C'est le cas pour "
"des objets tels que :class:`~gzip.GzipFile`. Le :attr:`~TarInfo.name` peut "
"également être modifié, auquel cas *arcname* pourrait être une chaîne "
"factice."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:468
msgid ""
"Close the :class:`TarFile`. In write mode, two finishing zero blocks are "
"appended to the archive."
msgstr ""
"Ferme le :class:`TarFile`. En mode écriture, deux blocs de finition à zéro "
"sont ajoutés à l'archive."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:474
msgid ""
"Setting this to :const:`True` is equivalent to setting the :attr:`format` "
"attribute to :const:`USTAR_FORMAT`, :const:`False` is equivalent to :const:"
"`GNU_FORMAT`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:478
msgid "*posix* defaults to :const:`False`."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:481
msgid "Use the :attr:`format` attribute instead."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:487
msgid "A dictionary containing key-value pairs of pax global headers."
msgstr ""
"Un dictionnaire contenant des paires clé-valeur d'en-têtes globaux *pax*."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:495
msgid "TarInfo Objects"
msgstr "Les objets *TarInfo*"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:497
msgid ""
"A :class:`TarInfo` object represents one member in a :class:`TarFile`. Aside "
"from storing all required attributes of a file (like file type, size, time, "
"permissions, owner etc.), it provides some useful methods to determine its "
"type. It does *not* contain the file's data itself."
msgstr ""
"Un objet :class:`TarInfo` représente un membre dans un :class:`TarFile`. En "
"plus de stocker tous les attributs requis d'un fichier (comme le type de "
"fichier, la taille, l'heure, les autorisations, le propriétaire, etc.), il "
"fournit quelques méthodes utiles pour déterminer son type. Il ne contient "
"pas les données du fichier lui-même."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:502
msgid ""
":class:`TarInfo` objects are returned by :class:`TarFile`'s methods :meth:"
"`getmember`, :meth:`getmembers` and :meth:`gettarinfo`."
msgstr ""
"Les objets :class:`TarInfo` sont renvoyés par les méthodes de :class:"
"`TarFile` :meth:`getmember`, :meth:`getmembers` et :meth:`gettarinfo`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:508
msgid "Create a :class:`TarInfo` object."
msgstr "Crée un objet :class:`TarInfo`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:513
msgid "Create and return a :class:`TarInfo` object from string buffer *buf*."
msgstr ""
"Crée et renvoie un objet :class:`TarInfo` à partir de la chaîne tampon *buf*."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:515
msgid "Raises :exc:`HeaderError` if the buffer is invalid.."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:521
msgid ""
"Read the next member from the :class:`TarFile` object *tarfile* and return "
"it as a :class:`TarInfo` object."
msgstr ""
"Lit le membre suivant dans l'objet :class:`TarFile` *tarfile* et le renvoie "
"comme un objet :class:`TarInfo`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:529
msgid ""
"Create a string buffer from a :class:`TarInfo` object. For information on "
"the arguments see the constructor of the :class:`TarFile` class."
msgstr ""
"Crée un tampon de chaîne de caractères à partir d'un objet :class:`TarInfo`. "
"Pour plus d'informations sur les arguments, voir le constructeur de la "
"classe :class:`TarFile`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:532
msgid "The arguments were added."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:535
msgid "A ``TarInfo`` object has the following public data attributes:"
msgstr "Un objet ``TarInfo`` a les attributs de données publics suivants :"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:540
msgid "Name of the archive member."
msgstr "Nom du membre de l'archive."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:545
msgid "Size in bytes."
msgstr "La taille en octets."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:550
msgid "Time of last modification."
msgstr "L'heure de la dernière modification."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:555
msgid "Permission bits."
msgstr "Bits d'autorisation."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:560
msgid ""
"File type.  *type* is usually one of these constants: :const:`REGTYPE`, :"
"const:`AREGTYPE`, :const:`LNKTYPE`, :const:`SYMTYPE`, :const:`DIRTYPE`, :"
"const:`FIFOTYPE`, :const:`CONTTYPE`, :const:`CHRTYPE`, :const:`BLKTYPE`, :"
"const:`GNUTYPE_SPARSE`.  To determine the type of a :class:`TarInfo` object "
"more conveniently, use the ``is*()`` methods below."
msgstr ""
"Type de fichier. *type* est généralement l'une des constantes suivantes : :"
"const:`REGTYPE`, :const:`AREGTYPE`, :const:`LNKTYPE`, :const:`SYMTYPE`, :"
"const:`DIRTYPE`, :const:`FIFOTYPE`, :const:`CONTTYPE`, :const:`CHRTYPE`, :"
"const:`BLKTYPE`, :const:`GNUTYPE_SPARSE`. Pour déterminer plus facilement le "
"type d'un objet :class:`TarInfo`, utilisez les méthodes ``is*()`` ci-dessous."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:569
msgid ""
"Name of the target file name, which is only present in :class:`TarInfo` "
"objects of type :const:`LNKTYPE` and :const:`SYMTYPE`."
msgstr ""
"Nom du fichier cible, qui n'est présent que dans les objets :class:"
"`TarInfo`  de type :const:`LNKTYPE` et :const:`SYMTYPE`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:575
msgid "User ID of the user who originally stored this member."
msgstr "ID de l'utilisateur qui a initialement stocké ce membre."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:580
msgid "Group ID of the user who originally stored this member."
msgstr "ID de groupe de l'utilisateur qui a initialement stocké ce membre."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:585
msgid "User name."
msgstr "Nom d'utilisateur."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:590
msgid "Group name."
msgstr "Nom de groupe."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:595
msgid ""
"A dictionary containing key-value pairs of an associated pax extended header."
msgstr ""
"Un dictionnaire contenant des paires clé-valeur d'un en-tête étendu *pax* "
"associé."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:599
msgid "A :class:`TarInfo` object also provides some convenient query methods:"
msgstr ""
"Un objet :class:`TarInfo` fournit également des méthodes de requête "
"pratiques :"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:604
msgid "Return :const:`True` if the :class:`Tarinfo` object is a regular file."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie :const:`True` si l'objet :class:`Tarinfo` est un fichier normal."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:609
msgid "Same as :meth:`isfile`."
msgstr "Identique à :meth:`isfile`."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:614
msgid "Return :const:`True` if it is a directory."
msgstr "Renvoie :const:`True` si c'est un dossier."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:619
msgid "Return :const:`True` if it is a symbolic link."
msgstr "Renvoie :const:`True` s'il s'agit d'un lien symbolique."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:624
msgid "Return :const:`True` if it is a hard link."
msgstr "Renvoie :const:`True` s'il s'agit d'un lien physique."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:629
msgid "Return :const:`True` if it is a character device."
msgstr "Renvoie :const:`True` s'il s'agit d'un périphérique de caractères."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:634
msgid "Return :const:`True` if it is a block device."
msgstr "Renvoie :const:`True` s'il s'agit d'un périphérique de bloc."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:639
msgid "Return :const:`True` if it is a FIFO."
msgstr "Renvoie :const:`True` s'il s'agit d'un tube nommé (*FIFO*)."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:644
msgid ""
"Return :const:`True` if it is one of character device, block device or FIFO."
msgstr ""
"Renvoie :const:`True` s'il s'agit d'un périphérique de caractères, d'un "
"périphérique de bloc ou d'un tube nommé."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:650
msgid "Examples"
msgstr "Exemples"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:652
msgid "How to extract an entire tar archive to the current working directory::"
msgstr ""
"Comment extraire une archive *tar* dans le dossier de travail courant ::"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:659
msgid ""
"How to extract a subset of a tar archive with :meth:`TarFile.extractall` "
"using a generator function instead of a list::"
msgstr ""
"Comment extraire un sous-ensemble d'une archive *tar* avec :meth:`TarFile."
"extractall` en utilisant une fonction de générateur au lieu d'une liste ::"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:674
msgid "How to create an uncompressed tar archive from a list of filenames::"
msgstr ""
"Comment créer une archive *tar* non compressée à partir d'une liste de noms "
"de fichiers ::"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:682
msgid "The same example using the :keyword:`with` statement::"
msgstr "Le même exemple en utilisant l'instruction :keyword:`with` ::"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:689
msgid ""
"How to read a gzip compressed tar archive and display some member "
"information::"
msgstr ""
"Comment lire une archive *tar* compressée avec *gzip* et afficher des "
"informations des membres ::"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:703
msgid ""
"How to create an archive and reset the user information using the *filter* "
"parameter in :meth:`TarFile.add`::"
msgstr ""
"Comment créer une archive et réinitialiser les informations de l'utilisateur "
"en utilisant le paramètre *filter* dans :meth:`TarFile.add` ::"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:719
msgid "Supported tar formats"
msgstr "Formats *tar* pris en charge"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:721
msgid ""
"There are three tar formats that can be created with the :mod:`tarfile` "
"module:"
msgstr ""
"Il existe trois formats *tar* qui peuvent être créés avec le module :mod:"
"`tarfile` :"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:723
msgid ""
"The POSIX.1-1988 ustar format (:const:`USTAR_FORMAT`). It supports filenames "
"up to a length of at best 256 characters and linknames up to 100 characters. "
"The maximum file size is 8 gigabytes. This is an old and limited but widely "
"supported format."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:728
msgid ""
"The GNU tar format (:const:`GNU_FORMAT`). It supports long filenames and "
"linknames, files bigger than 8 gigabytes and sparse files. It is the de "
"facto standard on GNU/Linux systems. :mod:`tarfile` fully supports the GNU "
"tar extensions for long names, sparse file support is read-only."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:733
msgid ""
"The POSIX.1-2001 pax format (:const:`PAX_FORMAT`). It is the most flexible "
"format with virtually no limits. It supports long filenames and linknames, "
"large files and stores pathnames in a portable way. However, not all tar "
"implementations today are able to handle pax archives properly."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:738
msgid ""
"The *pax* format is an extension to the existing *ustar* format. It uses "
"extra headers for information that cannot be stored otherwise. There are two "
"flavours of pax headers: Extended headers only affect the subsequent file "
"header, global headers are valid for the complete archive and affect all "
"following files. All the data in a pax header is encoded in *UTF-8* for "
"portability reasons."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:744
msgid ""
"There are some more variants of the tar format which can be read, but not "
"created:"
msgstr ""
"Il existe d'autres variantes du format *tar* qui peuvent être lues, mais pas "
"créées"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:747
msgid ""
"The ancient V7 format. This is the first tar format from Unix Seventh "
"Edition, storing only regular files and directories. Names must not be "
"longer than 100 characters, there is no user/group name information. Some "
"archives have miscalculated header checksums in case of fields with non-"
"ASCII characters."
msgstr ""
"L'ancien format *V7*. Il s'agit du premier format *tar* d'*Unix Seventh "
"Edition*, ne stockant que des fichiers et répertoires normaux. Les noms ne "
"doivent pas dépasser 100 caractères, il n'y a aucune information de nom "
"d'utilisateur / groupe. Certaines archives ont des sommes de contrôle d'en-"
"tête mal calculées dans le cas de champs avec des caractères non ASCII."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:752
msgid ""
"The SunOS tar extended format. This format is a variant of the POSIX.1-2001 "
"pax format, but is not compatible."
msgstr ""
"Format étendu *SunOS* *tar*. Ce format est une variante du format "
"*POSIX.1-2001* *pax*, mais n'est pas compatible."

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:758
msgid "Unicode issues"
msgstr "Problèmes *unicode*"

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:760
msgid ""
"The tar format was originally conceived to make backups on tape drives with "
"the main focus on preserving file system information. Nowadays tar archives "
"are commonly used for file distribution and exchanging archives over "
"networks. One problem of the original format (that all other formats are "
"merely variants of) is that there is no concept of supporting different "
"character encodings. For example, an ordinary tar archive created on a "
"*UTF-8* system cannot be read correctly on a *Latin-1* system if it contains "
"non-ASCII characters. Names (i.e. filenames, linknames, user/group names) "
"containing these characters will appear damaged.  Unfortunately, there is no "
"way to autodetect the encoding of an archive."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:771
msgid ""
"The pax format was designed to solve this problem. It stores non-ASCII names "
"using the universal character encoding *UTF-8*. When a pax archive is read, "
"these *UTF-8* names are converted to the encoding of the local file system."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:775
msgid ""
"The details of unicode conversion are controlled by the *encoding* and "
"*errors* keyword arguments of the :class:`TarFile` class."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:778
msgid ""
"The default value for *encoding* is the local character encoding. It is "
"deduced from :func:`sys.getfilesystemencoding` and :func:`sys."
"getdefaultencoding`. In read mode, *encoding* is used exclusively to convert "
"unicode names from a pax archive to strings in the local character encoding. "
"In write mode, the use of *encoding* depends on the chosen archive format. "
"In case of :const:`PAX_FORMAT`, input names that contain non-ASCII "
"characters need to be decoded before being stored as *UTF-8* strings. The "
"other formats do not make use of *encoding* unless unicode objects are used "
"as input names. These are converted to 8-bit character strings before they "
"are added to the archive."
msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/tarfile.rst:788
msgid ""
"The *errors* argument defines how characters are treated that cannot be "
"converted to or from *encoding*. Possible values are listed in section :ref:"
"`codec-base-classes`. In read mode, there is an additional scheme "
"``'utf-8'`` which means that bad characters are replaced by their *UTF-8* "
"representation. This is the default scheme. In write mode the default value "
"for *errors* is ``'strict'`` to ensure that name information is not altered "
"unnoticed."
msgstr ""