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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
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# Copyright (C) 1990-2016, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
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#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: Python 2.7\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:44+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:5
msgid "Glossary"
msgstr "Glossaire"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:10
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msgid "``>>>``"
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msgstr "``>>>``"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:12
msgid ""
"The default Python prompt of the interactive shell. Often seen for code "
"examples which can be executed interactively in the interpreter."
msgstr ""
"L'invite de commande utilisée par défaut dans l'interpréteur interactif. On "
"la voit souvent dans des exemples de code qui peuvent être exécutés "
"interactivement dans l'interpréteur."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:14
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msgid "``...``"
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msgstr "``...``"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:16
msgid ""
"The default Python prompt of the interactive shell when entering code for an "
"indented code block or within a pair of matching left and right delimiters "
"(parentheses, square brackets or curly braces)."
msgstr ""
"L'invite de commande utilisée par défaut dans l'interpréteur interactif "
"lorsqu'on entre un bloc de code indenté ou entre deux délimiteurs "
"(parenthèses, crochets ou accolades)."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:19
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msgid "2to3"
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msgstr "*2to3*"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:21
msgid ""
"A tool that tries to convert Python 2.x code to Python 3.x code by handling "
"most of the incompatibilities which can be detected by parsing the source "
"and traversing the parse tree."
msgstr ""
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"Outil qui essaie de convertir du code pour Python 2.x en code pour Python 3."
"x en gérant la plupart des incompatibilités qui peuvent être détectées en "
"analysant la source et parcourant son arbre syntaxique."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:25
msgid ""
"2to3 is available in the standard library as :mod:`lib2to3`; a standalone "
"entry point is provided as :file:`Tools/scripts/2to3`. See :ref:`2to3-"
"reference`."
msgstr ""
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"*2to3* est disponible dans la bibliothèque standard sous le nom de :mod:"
"`lib2to3`; un point dentrée indépendant est fourni via :file:`Tools/"
"scripts/2to3`. Cf. :ref:`2to3-reference`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:28
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msgid "abstract base class"
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msgstr "classe de base abstraite"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:30
msgid ""
"Abstract base classes complement :term:`duck-typing` by providing a way to "
"define interfaces when other techniques like :func:`hasattr` would be clumsy "
"or subtly wrong (for example with :ref:`magic methods <new-style-special-"
"lookup>`). ABCs introduce virtual subclasses, which are classes that don't "
"inherit from a class but are still recognized by :func:`isinstance` and :"
"func:`issubclass`; see the :mod:`abc` module documentation. Python comes "
"with many built-in ABCs for data structures (in the :mod:`collections` "
"module), numbers (in the :mod:`numbers` module), and streams (in the :mod:"
"`io` module). You can create your own ABCs with the :mod:`abc` module."
msgstr ""
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"Les classes de base abstraites (ABC, suivant l'abréviation anglaise "
"*Abstract Base Class*) complètent le :term:`duck-typing` en fournissant un "
"moyen de définir des interfaces pour les cas où d'autres techniques comme :"
"func:`hasattr` seraient inélégantes, ou subitement fausse (par exemple avec "
"les :ref:`méthodes magiques <special-lookup>`). Les ABC introduisent des "
"sous-classes virtuelles, qui n'héritent pas d'une classe mais qui sont quand "
"même reconnues par :func:`isinstance` ou :func:`issubclass` (Voir la "
"documentation du module :mod:`abc`). Python contient de nombreuses ABC pour "
"les structures de données (dans le module :mod:`collections`), les nombres "
"(dans le module :mod:`numbers`), les flux (dans le module :mod:`io`). Vous "
"pouvez créer vos propres ABC avec le module :mod:`abc`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:40
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msgid "argument"
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msgstr "argument"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:42
msgid ""
"A value passed to a :term:`function` (or :term:`method`) when calling the "
"function. There are two types of arguments:"
msgstr ""
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"Une valeur, donnée à une :term:`fonction` ou à une :term:`méthode` lors de "
"son appel. Il existe deux types d'arguments :"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:45
msgid ""
":dfn:`keyword argument`: an argument preceded by an identifier (e.g. "
"``name=``) in a function call or passed as a value in a dictionary preceded "
"by ``**``. For example, ``3`` and ``5`` are both keyword arguments in the "
"following calls to :func:`complex`::"
msgstr ""
":dfn:`argument nommé`: un argument précédé d'un identifiant (comme "
"``name=``) ou un dictionnaire précédé de ``**``, lors d'un appel de "
"fonction. Par exemple, ``3`` et ``5`` sont tous les deux des arguments "
"nommés dans l'appel à :func:`complex` ici : ::"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:53
msgid ""
":dfn:`positional argument`: an argument that is not a keyword argument. "
"Positional arguments can appear at the beginning of an argument list and/or "
"be passed as elements of an :term:`iterable` preceded by ``*``. For example, "
"``3`` and ``5`` are both positional arguments in the following calls::"
msgstr ""
":dfn:`argument positionnel` : Un argument qui n'est pas nommé. Les arguments "
"positionnels apparaissent au début de la liste des arguments, ou donnés sous "
"forme d'un :term:`itérable` précédé par ``*``. Par exemple, ``3`` et ``5`` "
"sont tous les deux des arguments positionnels dans les appels suivants : ::"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:62
msgid ""
"Arguments are assigned to the named local variables in a function body. See "
"the :ref:`calls` section for the rules governing this assignment. "
"Syntactically, any expression can be used to represent an argument; the "
"evaluated value is assigned to the local variable."
msgstr ""
"Les arguments se retrouvent dans le corps de la fonction appelée parmi les "
"variables locales. Voir la section :ref:`calls` à propos des règles dictant "
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"cette affectation. Syntaxiquement, toute expression est acceptée comme "
"argument, et c'est la valeur résultante de l'expression qui sera affectée à "
"la variable locale."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:67
msgid ""
"See also the :term:`parameter` glossary entry and the FAQ question on :ref:"
"`the difference between arguments and parameters <faq-argument-vs-"
"parameter>`."
msgstr ""
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"Voir aussi :term:`parameter` dans le glossaire, et la question dans la FAQ à "
"propos de :ref:`la différence entre argument et paramètre <faq-argument-vs-"
"parameter>`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:70
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msgid "attribute"
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msgstr "attribut"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:72
msgid ""
"A value associated with an object which is referenced by name using dotted "
"expressions. For example, if an object *o* has an attribute *a* it would be "
"referenced as *o.a*."
msgstr ""
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"Valeur associée à un objet et désignée par son nom via une notation "
"utilisant des points. Par exemple, si un objet *o* possède un attribut *a*, "
"il sera référencé par *o.a*."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:75
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msgid "BDFL"
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msgstr "*BDFL*"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:77
msgid ""
"Benevolent Dictator For Life, a.k.a. `Guido van Rossum <https://www.python."
"org/~guido/>`_, Python's creator."
msgstr ""
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"Dictateur bienveillant à vie (*Benevolent Dictator For Life* en anglais). "
"Pseudonyme de `Guido van Rossum <https://www.python.org/~guido/>`_, le "
"créateur de Python."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:79
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msgid "bytes-like object"
msgstr "Objet bytes-compatible"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:81
msgid ""
"An object that supports the :ref:`buffer protocol <bufferobjects>`, like :"
"class:`str`, :class:`bytearray` or :class:`memoryview`. Bytes-like objects "
"can be used for various operations that expect binary data, such as "
"compression, saving to a binary file or sending over a socket. Some "
"operations need the binary data to be mutable, in which case not all bytes-"
"like objects can apply."
msgstr ""
"Un objet gérant le :ref:`bufferobjects`, comme les classes :class:`str`, :"
"class:`bytearray`, ou :class:`memoryview`. Les objets bytes-compatibles "
"peuvent manipuler des données binaires et ainsi servir à leur compression, "
"sauvegarde, ou envoi sur une socket. Certaines actions nécessitent que la "
"donnée binaire soit modifiable, ce qui n'est pas possible avec tous les "
"objets byte-compatibles."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:87
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msgid "bytecode"
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msgstr "code intermédiaire (*bytecode*)"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:89
msgid ""
"Python source code is compiled into bytecode, the internal representation of "
"a Python program in the CPython interpreter. The bytecode is also cached in "
"``.pyc`` and ``.pyo`` files so that executing the same file is faster the "
"second time (recompilation from source to bytecode can be avoided). This "
"\"intermediate language\" is said to run on a :term:`virtual machine` that "
"executes the machine code corresponding to each bytecode. Do note that "
"bytecodes are not expected to work between different Python virtual "
"machines, nor to be stable between Python releases."
msgstr ""
"Le code source, en Python, est compilé en un bytecode, la représentation "
"interne à CPython d'un programme Python. Le bytecode est stocké dans un "
"fichier nommé ``.pyc`` ou ``.pyo``. Ces caches permettent de charger les "
"fichiers plus rapidement lors de la deuxième exécution (en évitant ainsi de "
"recommencer la compilation en bytecode). On dit que ce *langage "
"intermédiaire* est exécuté sur une :term:`machine virtuelle` qui exécute des "
"instructions machine pour chaque instruction du bytecode. Notez que le "
"bytecode n'a pas vocation à fonctionner entre différentes machines virtuelle "
"Python, encore moins entre différentes version de Python."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:99
msgid ""
"A list of bytecode instructions can be found in the documentation for :ref:"
"`the dis module <bytecodes>`."
msgstr ""
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"La documentation du :ref:`module dis <bytecodes>` fournit une liste des "
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"instructions du code intermédiaire."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:101
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msgid "class"
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msgstr "classe"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:103
msgid ""
"A template for creating user-defined objects. Class definitions normally "
"contain method definitions which operate on instances of the class."
msgstr ""
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"Modèle pour créer des objets définis par l'utilisateur. Une définition de "
"classe (*class*) contient normalement des définitions de méthodes qui "
"agissent sur les instances de la classe."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:106
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msgid "classic class"
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:108
msgid ""
"Any class which does not inherit from :class:`object`. See :term:`new-style "
"class`. Classic classes have been removed in Python 3."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:110
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msgid "coercion"
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msgstr "coercition"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:112
msgid ""
"The implicit conversion of an instance of one type to another during an "
"operation which involves two arguments of the same type. For example, "
"``int(3.15)`` converts the floating point number to the integer ``3``, but "
"in ``3+4.5``, each argument is of a different type (one int, one float), and "
"both must be converted to the same type before they can be added or it will "
"raise a ``TypeError``. Coercion between two operands can be performed with "
"the ``coerce`` built-in function; thus, ``3+4.5`` is equivalent to calling "
"``operator.add(*coerce(3, 4.5))`` and results in ``operator.add(3.0, "
"4.5)``. Without coercion, all arguments of even compatible types would have "
"to be normalized to the same value by the programmer, e.g., ``float(3)+4.5`` "
"rather than just ``3+4.5``."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:123
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msgid "complex number"
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msgstr "nombre complexe"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:125
msgid ""
"An extension of the familiar real number system in which all numbers are "
"expressed as a sum of a real part and an imaginary part. Imaginary numbers "
"are real multiples of the imaginary unit (the square root of ``-1``), often "
"written ``i`` in mathematics or ``j`` in engineering. Python has built-in "
"support for complex numbers, which are written with this latter notation; "
"the imaginary part is written with a ``j`` suffix, e.g., ``3+1j``. To get "
"access to complex equivalents of the :mod:`math` module, use :mod:`cmath`. "
"Use of complex numbers is a fairly advanced mathematical feature. If you're "
"not aware of a need for them, it's almost certain you can safely ignore them."
msgstr ""
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"Extension des nombres réels familiers, dans laquelle tous les nombres sont "
"exprimés sous la forme d'une somme d'une partie réelle et d'une partie "
"imaginaire. Les nombres imaginaires sont les nombres réels multipliés par "
"l'unité imaginaire (la racine carrée de ``-1``, souvent écrite ``i`` en "
"mathématiques ou ``j`` par les ingénieurs). Python comprend nativement les "
"nombres complexes, écrits avec cette dernière notation : la partie "
"imaginaire est écrite avec un suffixe ``j``, exemple, ``3+1j``. Pour "
"utiliser les équivalents complexes de :mod:`math`, utilisez :mod:`cmath`. "
"Les nombres complexes sont un concept assez avancé en mathématiques. Si vous "
"ne connaissez pas ce concept, vous pouvez tranquillement les ignorer."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:135
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msgid "context manager"
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msgstr "gestionnaire de contexte"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:137
msgid ""
"An object which controls the environment seen in a :keyword:`with` statement "
"by defining :meth:`__enter__` and :meth:`__exit__` methods. See :pep:`343`."
msgstr ""
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"Objet contrôlant l'environnement à l'intérieur d'un bloc :keyword:`with` en "
"définissant les méthodes :meth:`__enter__` et :meth:`__exit__`. Consultez "
"la :pep:`343`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:140
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msgid "CPython"
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msgstr "CPython"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:142
msgid ""
"The canonical implementation of the Python programming language, as "
"distributed on `python.org <https://www.python.org>`_. The term \"CPython\" "
"is used when necessary to distinguish this implementation from others such "
"as Jython or IronPython."
msgstr ""
"L'implémentation canonique du langage de programmation Python, tel que "
"distribué sur `python.org <https://www.python.org>`_. Le terme \"CPython\" "
"est utilisé dans certains contextes lorsqu'il est nécessaire de distinguer "
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"cette implémentation des autres comme *Jython* ou *IronPython*."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:146
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msgid "decorator"
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msgstr "décorateur"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:148
msgid ""
"A function returning another function, usually applied as a function "
"transformation using the ``@wrapper`` syntax. Common examples for "
"decorators are :func:`classmethod` and :func:`staticmethod`."
msgstr ""
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"Fonction dont la valeur de retour est une autre fonction. Un décorateur est "
"habituellement utilisé pour transformer une fonction via la syntaxe "
"``@wrapper``, dont les exemples typiques sont : :func:`classmethod` et :func:"
"`staticmethod`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:152
msgid ""
"The decorator syntax is merely syntactic sugar, the following two function "
"definitions are semantically equivalent::"
msgstr ""
"La syntaxe des décorateurs est simplement du sucre syntaxique, les "
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"définitions des deux fonctions suivantes sont sémantiquement équivalentes ::"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:163
msgid ""
"The same concept exists for classes, but is less commonly used there. See "
"the documentation for :ref:`function definitions <function>` and :ref:`class "
"definitions <class>` for more about decorators."
msgstr ""
"Quoique moins fréquemment utilisé, le même concept existe pour les classes. "
"Consultez la documentation :ref:`définitions de fonctions <function>` et :"
"ref:`définitions de classes <class>` pour en savoir plus sur les décorateurs."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:166
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msgid "descriptor"
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msgstr "descripteur"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:168
msgid ""
"Any *new-style* object which defines the methods :meth:`__get__`, :meth:"
"`__set__`, or :meth:`__delete__`. When a class attribute is a descriptor, "
"its special binding behavior is triggered upon attribute lookup. Normally, "
"using *a.b* to get, set or delete an attribute looks up the object named *b* "
"in the class dictionary for *a*, but if *b* is a descriptor, the respective "
"descriptor method gets called. Understanding descriptors is a key to a deep "
"understanding of Python because they are the basis for many features "
"including functions, methods, properties, class methods, static methods, and "
"reference to super classes."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:178
msgid ""
"For more information about descriptors' methods, see :ref:`descriptors`."
msgstr ""
"Pour plus d'informations sur les méthodes des descripteurs, consultez :ref:"
"`descriptors`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:179
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msgid "dictionary"
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msgstr "dictionnaire"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:181
msgid ""
"An associative array, where arbitrary keys are mapped to values. The keys "
"can be any object with :meth:`__hash__` and :meth:`__eq__` methods. Called "
"a hash in Perl."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:184
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msgid "dictionary view"
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msgstr "vue de dictionnaire"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:186
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msgid ""
"The objects returned from :meth:`dict.viewkeys`, :meth:`dict.viewvalues`, "
"and :meth:`dict.viewitems` are called dictionary views. They provide a "
"dynamic view on the dictionarys entries, which means that when the "
"dictionary changes, the view reflects these changes. To force the dictionary "
"view to become a full list use ``list(dictview)``. See :ref:`dict-views`."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:192
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msgid "docstring"
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msgstr "*docstring*"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:194
msgid ""
"A string literal which appears as the first expression in a class, function "
"or module. While ignored when the suite is executed, it is recognized by "
"the compiler and put into the :attr:`__doc__` attribute of the enclosing "
"class, function or module. Since it is available via introspection, it is "
"the canonical place for documentation of the object."
msgstr ""
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"Première chaîne littérale qui apparaît dans l'expression d'une classe, "
"fonction, ou module. Bien qu'ignorée à l'exécution, elles est reconnue par "
"le compilateur et placée dans l'attribut :attr:`__doc__` de la classe, de la "
"fonction ou du module. Comme cette chaîne est disponible par introspection, "
"c'est l'endroit idéal pour documenter l'objet."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:200
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msgid "duck-typing"
2018-10-10 16:34:12 +00:00
msgstr "*duck-typing*"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:202
msgid ""
"A programming style which does not look at an object's type to determine if "
"it has the right interface; instead, the method or attribute is simply "
"called or used (\"If it looks like a duck and quacks like a duck, it must be "
"a duck.\") By emphasizing interfaces rather than specific types, well-"
"designed code improves its flexibility by allowing polymorphic "
"substitution. Duck-typing avoids tests using :func:`type` or :func:"
"`isinstance`. (Note, however, that duck-typing can be complemented with :"
"term:`abstract base classes <abstract base class>`.) Instead, it typically "
"employs :func:`hasattr` tests or :term:`EAFP` programming."
msgstr ""
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"Style de programmation qui ne prend pas en compte le type d'un objet pour "
"déterminer s'il respecte une interface, mais qui appelle simplement la "
"méthode ou l'attribut (*Si ça a un bec et que ça cancane, ça doit être un "
"canard*, *duck* signifie canard en anglais). En se concentrant sur les "
"interfaces plutôt que les types, du code bien construit améliore sa "
"flexibilité en autorisant des substitutions polymorphiques. Le *duck-typing* "
"évite de vérifier les types via :func:`type` ou :func:`isinstance`, Notez "
2018-10-10 16:34:12 +00:00
"cependant que le *duck-typing* peut travailler de pair avec les :term:"
"`classes de base abstraites <classe de base abstraite>`. À la place, le "
"*duck-typing* utilise plutôt :func:`hasattr` ou la programmation :term:"
"`EAFP`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:211
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msgid "EAFP"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "EAFP"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:213
msgid ""
"Easier to ask for forgiveness than permission. This common Python coding "
"style assumes the existence of valid keys or attributes and catches "
"exceptions if the assumption proves false. This clean and fast style is "
"characterized by the presence of many :keyword:`try` and :keyword:`except` "
"statements. The technique contrasts with the :term:`LBYL` style common to "
"many other languages such as C."
msgstr ""
"Il est plus simple de demander pardon que demander la permission (*Easier to "
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"Ask for Forgiveness than Permission* en anglais). Ce style de développement "
"Python fait l'hypothèse que le code est valide et traite les exceptions si "
"cette hypothèse s'avère fausse. Ce style, propre et efficace, est "
"caractérisé par la présence de beaucoup de mots clés :keyword:`try` et :"
"keyword:`except`. Cette technique de programmation contraste avec le style :"
"term:`LBYL` utilisé couramment dans les langages tels que C."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:219
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msgid "expression"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "expression"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:221
msgid ""
"A piece of syntax which can be evaluated to some value. In other words, an "
"expression is an accumulation of expression elements like literals, names, "
"attribute access, operators or function calls which all return a value. In "
"contrast to many other languages, not all language constructs are "
"expressions. There are also :term:`statement`\\s which cannot be used as "
"expressions, such as :keyword:`print` or :keyword:`if`. Assignments are "
"also statements, not expressions."
msgstr ""
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:228
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msgid "extension module"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "module d'extension"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:230
msgid ""
"A module written in C or C++, using Python's C API to interact with the core "
"and with user code."
msgstr ""
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"Module écrit en C ou C++, utilisant l'API C de Python pour interagir avec "
"Python et le code de l'utilisateur."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:232
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msgid "file object"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "objet fichier"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:234
msgid ""
"An object exposing a file-oriented API (with methods such as :meth:`read()` "
"or :meth:`write()`) to an underlying resource. Depending on the way it was "
"created, a file object can mediate access to a real on-disk file or to "
"another type of storage or communication device (for example standard input/"
"output, in-memory buffers, sockets, pipes, etc.). File objects are also "
"called :dfn:`file-like objects` or :dfn:`streams`."
msgstr ""
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"Objet exposant une ressource via une API orientée fichier (avec les "
"méthodes :meth:`read()` ou :meth:`write()`). En fonction de la manière dont "
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"il a été créé, un objet fichier peut interfacer l'accès à un fichier sur le "
"disque ou à un autre type de stockage ou de communication (typiquement "
"l'entrée standard, la sortie standard, un tampon en mémoire, une socket "
"réseau, ...). Les objets fichiers sont aussi appelés :dfn:`file-like-"
"objects` ou :dfn:`streams`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:242
msgid ""
"There are actually three categories of file objects: raw binary files, "
"buffered binary files and text files. Their interfaces are defined in the :"
"mod:`io` module. The canonical way to create a file object is by using the :"
"func:`open` function."
msgstr ""
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:246
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "file-like object"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "objet fichier-compatible"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:248
msgid "A synonym for :term:`file object`."
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
msgstr "Synonyme de :term:`objet fichier`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:249
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msgid "finder"
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msgstr "chercheur"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:251
msgid ""
"An object that tries to find the :term:`loader` for a module. It must "
"implement a method named :meth:`find_module`. See :pep:`302` for details."
msgstr ""
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:254
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msgid "floor division"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "division entière"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:256
msgid ""
"Mathematical division that rounds down to nearest integer. The floor "
"division operator is ``//``. For example, the expression ``11 // 4`` "
"evaluates to ``2`` in contrast to the ``2.75`` returned by float true "
"division. Note that ``(-11) // 4`` is ``-3`` because that is ``-2.75`` "
"rounded *downward*. See :pep:`238`."
msgstr ""
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"Division mathématique arrondissant à l'entier inférieur. L'opérateur de la "
"division entière est ``//``. Par exemple l'expression ``11 // 4`` vaut "
"``2``, contrairement à ``11 / 4`` qui vaut ``2.75``. Notez que ``(-11) // "
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"4`` vaut ``-3`` car l'arrondi se fait à l'entier inférieur. Voir la :pep:"
"`328`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:261
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msgid "function"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "fonction"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:263
msgid ""
"A series of statements which returns some value to a caller. It can also be "
"passed zero or more :term:`arguments <argument>` which may be used in the "
"execution of the body. See also :term:`parameter`, :term:`method`, and the :"
"ref:`function` section."
msgstr ""
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"Suite d'instructions qui renvoie une valeur à son appelant. On peut lui "
"passer des :term:`arguments <argument>` qui pourront être utilisés dans le "
"corps de la fonction. Voir aussi :term:`paramètre`, :term:`méthode` et :ref:"
"`function`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:267
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "__future__"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "__future__"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:269
msgid ""
"A pseudo-module which programmers can use to enable new language features "
"which are not compatible with the current interpreter. For example, the "
"expression ``11/4`` currently evaluates to ``2``. If the module in which it "
"is executed had enabled *true division* by executing::"
msgstr ""
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:276
msgid ""
"the expression ``11/4`` would evaluate to ``2.75``. By importing the :mod:"
"`__future__` module and evaluating its variables, you can see when a new "
"feature was first added to the language and when it will become the default::"
msgstr ""
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:284
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "garbage collection"
msgstr "ramasse-miettes"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:286
msgid ""
"The process of freeing memory when it is not used anymore. Python performs "
"garbage collection via reference counting and a cyclic garbage collector "
"that is able to detect and break reference cycles."
msgstr ""
"(*garbage collection*) Le mécanisme permettant de libérer de la mémoire "
"lorsqu'elle n'est plus utilisée. Python utilise un ramasse-miettes par "
"comptage de référence, et un ramasse-miettes cyclique capable de détecter et "
"casser les références circulaires."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:291
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msgid "generator"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "générateur"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:293
msgid ""
"A function which returns an iterator. It looks like a normal function "
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"except that it contains :keyword:`yield` statements for producing a series "
"of values usable in a for-loop or that can be retrieved one at a time with "
"the :func:`next` function. Each :keyword:`yield` temporarily suspends "
"processing, remembering the location execution state (including local "
"variables and pending try-statements). When the generator resumes, it picks-"
"up where it left-off (in contrast to functions which start fresh on every "
"invocation)."
msgstr ""
2015-12-21 22:43:38 +00:00
"Une fonction qui renvoie un itérateur. Ça ressemble à une fonction normale, "
"en dehors du fait qu'il contient une ou plusieurs instruction :keyword:"
"`yield`, produisant une série de valeurs utilisables dans une boucle for, ou "
"pouvant être récupérées une à une avec la fonction :func:`next`. Chaque "
"instruction :keyword:`yield` suspend temporairement l'exécution de la "
"fonction, en se rappelant de la position et de l'état (les variables "
"locales, et les *try* en cours). Lorsque le générateur reprend, il reprend "
"là où il en était (contrairement à une fonction classique qui reprendrait du "
"départ à chaque appel)."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:303
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "generator expression"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "expression génératrice"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:305
msgid ""
"An expression that returns an iterator. It looks like a normal expression "
"followed by a :keyword:`for` expression defining a loop variable, range, and "
"an optional :keyword:`if` expression. The combined expression generates "
"values for an enclosing function::"
msgstr ""
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"Expression qui donne un itérateur. Elle ressemble à une expression normale, "
"suivie d'une expression :keyword:`for` définissant une variable de boucle, "
"un intervalle et une expression :keyword:`if` optionnelle. Toute cette "
"expression génère des valeurs pour la fonction qui l'entoure : ::"
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:312
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msgid "GIL"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "GIL"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:314
msgid "See :term:`global interpreter lock`."
msgstr "Voir :term:`global interpreter lock`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:315
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "global interpreter lock"
msgstr "verrou global de l'interpréteur"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:317
msgid ""
"The mechanism used by the :term:`CPython` interpreter to assure that only "
"one thread executes Python :term:`bytecode` at a time. This simplifies the "
"CPython implementation by making the object model (including critical built-"
"in types such as :class:`dict`) implicitly safe against concurrent access. "
"Locking the entire interpreter makes it easier for the interpreter to be "
"multi-threaded, at the expense of much of the parallelism afforded by multi-"
"processor machines."
msgstr ""
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"(*global interpreter lock* en anglais) Mécanisme utilisé par l'interpréteur :"
"term:`CPython` pour s'assurer qu'un seul fil d'exécution (*thread* en "
"anglais) n'exécute le :term:`bytecode` à la fois. Cela simplifie "
"l'implémentation de CPython en rendant le modèle objet (incluant des parties "
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"critiques comme la classe native :class:`dict`) implicitement protégé contre "
"les accès concourants. Verrouiller l'interpréteur entier rend plus facile "
"l'implémentation de multiples fils d'exécution (*multi-thread* en anglais), "
"au détriment malheureusement de beaucoup du parallélisme possible sur les "
"machines ayant plusieurs processeurs."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:326
msgid ""
"However, some extension modules, either standard or third-party, are "
"designed so as to release the GIL when doing computationally-intensive tasks "
"such as compression or hashing. Also, the GIL is always released when doing "
"I/O."
msgstr ""
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"Cependant, certains modules d'extension, standards ou non, sont conçus de "
"manière à libérer le GIL lorsqu'ils effectuent des tâches lourdes tel que la "
"compression ou le hachage. De la même manière, le GIL est toujours libéré "
"lors des entrées / sorties."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:331
msgid ""
"Past efforts to create a \"free-threaded\" interpreter (one which locks "
"shared data at a much finer granularity) have not been successful because "
"performance suffered in the common single-processor case. It is believed "
"that overcoming this performance issue would make the implementation much "
"more complicated and therefore costlier to maintain."
msgstr ""
"Les tentatives précédentes d'implémenter un interpréteur Python avec une "
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"granularité de verrouillage plus fine ont toutes échouées, à cause de leurs "
"mauvaises performances dans le cas d'un processeur unique. Il est admis que "
"corriger ce problème de performance induit mènerait à une implémentation "
"beaucoup plus compliquée et donc plus coûteuse à maintenir."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:336
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msgid "hashable"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "hachable"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:338
msgid ""
"An object is *hashable* if it has a hash value which never changes during "
"its lifetime (it needs a :meth:`__hash__` method), and can be compared to "
"other objects (it needs an :meth:`__eq__` or :meth:`__cmp__` method). "
"Hashable objects which compare equal must have the same hash value."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:343
msgid ""
"Hashability makes an object usable as a dictionary key and a set member, "
"because these data structures use the hash value internally."
msgstr ""
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"La hachabilité permet à un objet d'être utilisé comme clé de dictionnaire ou "
"en tant que membre d'un ensemble (type *set*), car ces structures de données "
"utilisent ce *hash*."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:346
msgid ""
"All of Python's immutable built-in objects are hashable, while no mutable "
"containers (such as lists or dictionaries) are. Objects which are instances "
"of user-defined classes are hashable by default; they all compare unequal "
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"(except with themselves), and their hash value is derived from their :func:"
"`id`."
msgstr ""
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"Tous les types immuables fournis par Python sont hachables, et aucun type "
"mutable (comme les listes ou les dictionnaires) ne l'est. Toutes les "
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"instances de classes définies par les utilisateurs sont hachables par "
"défaut, elles sont toutes différentes selon ``__eq__``, sauf comparées à "
"elles mêmes, et leur empreinte (*hash*) est calculée à partir de leur :func:"
"`id`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:351
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msgid "IDLE"
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msgstr "IDLE"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:353
msgid ""
"An Integrated Development Environment for Python. IDLE is a basic editor "
"and interpreter environment which ships with the standard distribution of "
"Python."
msgstr ""
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"Environnement de développement intégré pour Python. IDLE est un éditeur "
"basique et un interpréteur livré avec la distribution standard de Python."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:356
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msgid "immutable"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "immuable"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:358
msgid ""
"An object with a fixed value. Immutable objects include numbers, strings "
"and tuples. Such an object cannot be altered. A new object has to be "
"created if a different value has to be stored. They play an important role "
"in places where a constant hash value is needed, for example as a key in a "
"dictionary."
msgstr ""
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"Objet dont la valeur ne change pas. Les nombres, les chaînes et les n-uplets "
"sont immuables. Ils ne peuvent être modifiés. Un nouvel objet doit être créé "
"si une valeur différente doit être stockée. Ils jouent un rôle important "
"quand une valeur de *hash* constante est requise, typiquement en clé de "
"dictionnaire."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:363
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msgid "integer division"
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:365
msgid ""
"Mathematical division discarding any remainder. For example, the expression "
"``11/4`` currently evaluates to ``2`` in contrast to the ``2.75`` returned "
"by float division. Also called *floor division*. When dividing two integers "
"the outcome will always be another integer (having the floor function "
"applied to it). However, if one of the operands is another numeric type "
"(such as a :class:`float`), the result will be coerced (see :term:"
"`coercion`) to a common type. For example, an integer divided by a float "
"will result in a float value, possibly with a decimal fraction. Integer "
"division can be forced by using the ``//`` operator instead of the ``/`` "
"operator. See also :term:`__future__`."
msgstr ""
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:375
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msgid "importing"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "importer"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:377
msgid ""
"The process by which Python code in one module is made available to Python "
"code in another module."
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msgstr "Processus rendant le code Python d'un module disponible dans un autre."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:379
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "importer"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "importateur"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:381
msgid ""
"An object that both finds and loads a module; both a :term:`finder` and :"
"term:`loader` object."
msgstr ""
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"Objet qui trouve et charge un module, en même temps un :term:`chercheur "
"<finder>` et un :term:`chargeur <loader>`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:383
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msgid "interactive"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "interactif"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:385
msgid ""
"Python has an interactive interpreter which means you can enter statements "
"and expressions at the interpreter prompt, immediately execute them and see "
"their results. Just launch ``python`` with no arguments (possibly by "
"selecting it from your computer's main menu). It is a very powerful way to "
"test out new ideas or inspect modules and packages (remember ``help(x)``)."
msgstr ""
"Python a un interpréteur interactif, ce qui signifie que vous pouvez écrire "
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"des expressions et des instructions à l'invite de l'interpréteur. "
"L'interpréteur Python va les exécuter immédiatement et vous en présenter le "
"résultat. Démarrez juste ``python`` (probablement depuis le menu principal "
"de votre ordinateur). C'est un moyen puissant pour tester de nouvelles idées "
"ou étudier de nouveaux modules (souvenez-vous de ``help(x)``)."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:391
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msgid "interpreted"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "interprété"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:393
msgid ""
"Python is an interpreted language, as opposed to a compiled one, though the "
"distinction can be blurry because of the presence of the bytecode compiler. "
"This means that source files can be run directly without explicitly creating "
"an executable which is then run. Interpreted languages typically have a "
"shorter development/debug cycle than compiled ones, though their programs "
"generally also run more slowly. See also :term:`interactive`."
msgstr ""
"Python est un langage interprété, en opposition aux langages compilés, bien "
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"que la frontière soit floue en raison de la présence d'un compilateur en "
2018-10-10 16:34:12 +00:00
"code intermédiaire. Cela signifie que les fichiers sources peuvent être "
"exécutés directement, sans avoir à compiler un fichier exécutable "
"intermédiaire. Les langages interprétés ont généralement un cycle de "
"développement / débogage plus court que les langages compilés. Cependant, "
"ils s'exécutent généralement plus lentement. Voir aussi :term:`interactif`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:400
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "iterable"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "itérable"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:402
msgid ""
"An object capable of returning its members one at a time. Examples of "
"iterables include all sequence types (such as :class:`list`, :class:`str`, "
"and :class:`tuple`) and some non-sequence types like :class:`dict` and :"
"class:`file` and objects of any classes you define with an :meth:`__iter__` "
"or :meth:`__getitem__` method. Iterables can be used in a :keyword:`for` "
"loop and in many other places where a sequence is needed (:func:`zip`, :func:"
"`map`, ...). When an iterable object is passed as an argument to the built-"
"in function :func:`iter`, it returns an iterator for the object. This "
"iterator is good for one pass over the set of values. When using iterables, "
"it is usually not necessary to call :func:`iter` or deal with iterator "
"objects yourself. The ``for`` statement does that automatically for you, "
"creating a temporary unnamed variable to hold the iterator for the duration "
"of the loop. See also :term:`iterator`, :term:`sequence`, and :term:"
"`generator`."
msgstr ""
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:416
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "iterator"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "itérateur"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:418
msgid ""
"An object representing a stream of data. Repeated calls to the iterator's :"
"meth:`~generator.next` method return successive items in the stream. When "
"no more data are available a :exc:`StopIteration` exception is raised "
"instead. At this point, the iterator object is exhausted and any further "
"calls to its :meth:`~generator.next` method just raise :exc:`StopIteration` "
"again. Iterators are required to have an :meth:`__iter__` method that "
"returns the iterator object itself so every iterator is also iterable and "
"may be used in most places where other iterables are accepted. One notable "
"exception is code which attempts multiple iteration passes. A container "
"object (such as a :class:`list`) produces a fresh new iterator each time you "
"pass it to the :func:`iter` function or use it in a :keyword:`for` loop. "
"Attempting this with an iterator will just return the same exhausted "
"iterator object used in the previous iteration pass, making it appear like "
"an empty container."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:432
msgid "More information can be found in :ref:`typeiter`."
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
msgstr "Vous trouverez davantage d'informations dans :ref:`typeiter`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:433
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "key function"
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msgstr "fonction clé"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:435
msgid ""
"A key function or collation function is a callable that returns a value used "
"for sorting or ordering. For example, :func:`locale.strxfrm` is used to "
"produce a sort key that is aware of locale specific sort conventions."
msgstr ""
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"Une fonction clé est un objet appelable qui renvoie une valeur à fins de tri "
"ou de classement. Par exemple, la fonction :func:`locale.strxfrm` est "
"utilisée pour générer une clé de classement prenant en compte les "
"conventions de classement spécifiques aux paramètres régionaux courants."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:440
msgid ""
"A number of tools in Python accept key functions to control how elements are "
"ordered or grouped. They include :func:`min`, :func:`max`, :func:`sorted`, :"
"meth:`list.sort`, :func:`heapq.nsmallest`, :func:`heapq.nlargest`, and :func:"
"`itertools.groupby`."
msgstr ""
"Plusieurs outils dans Python acceptent des fonctions clef pour maîtriser "
"comment les éléments dont triés ou groupés. Typiquement les fonctions :func:"
"`min`, :func:`max`, :func:`sorted`, :meth:`list.sort`, :func:`heapq."
"nsmallest`, :func:`heapq.nlargest`, et :func:`itertools.groupby`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:445
msgid ""
"There are several ways to create a key function. For example. the :meth:"
"`str.lower` method can serve as a key function for case insensitive sorts. "
"Alternatively, an ad-hoc key function can be built from a :keyword:`lambda` "
"expression such as ``lambda r: (r[0], r[2])``. Also, the :mod:`operator` "
"module provides three key function constructors: :func:`~operator."
"attrgetter`, :func:`~operator.itemgetter`, and :func:`~operator."
"methodcaller`. See the :ref:`Sorting HOW TO <sortinghowto>` for examples of "
"how to create and use key functions."
msgstr ""
"La méthode :meth:`str.lower` peut servir en fonction clef pour effectuer des "
"recherches insensibles à la casse. Aussi, il est possible de créer des "
2016-03-05 00:12:26 +00:00
"fonctions clef au besoin avec des expressions :keyword:`lambda`, comme "
"``lambda r: (r[0], r[2])``. Finalement le module :mod:`operator` fournit des "
"constructeurs de fonctions clef : :func:`~operator.attrgetter`, :func:"
"`~operator.itemgetter`, et :func:`~operator.methodcaller`. Voir :ref:"
"`Comment Trier <sortinghowto>` pour avoir des exemple de création et "
"d'utilisation de fonctions clés."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:453
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msgid "keyword argument"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "argument nommé"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:455 ../Doc/glossary.rst:629
msgid "See :term:`argument`."
msgstr "Voir :term:`argument`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:456
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "lambda"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "lambda"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:458
msgid ""
"An anonymous inline function consisting of a single :term:`expression` which "
"is evaluated when the function is called. The syntax to create a lambda "
"function is ``lambda [arguments]: expression``"
msgstr ""
"Une fonction anonyme sous forme d'une :term:`expression`, et ne contenant "
"qu'une expression, exécutée lorsqu'elle est appelée. La syntaxe pour créer "
"des fonctions lambda est: ``lambda [arguments]: expression``"
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:461
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msgid "LBYL"
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msgstr "LBYL"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:463
msgid ""
"Look before you leap. This coding style explicitly tests for pre-conditions "
"before making calls or lookups. This style contrasts with the :term:`EAFP` "
"approach and is characterized by the presence of many :keyword:`if` "
"statements."
msgstr ""
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"Regarde devant avant de tomber, (*Look before you leap* en anglais). Ce "
"style de programmation consiste à vérifier des conditions avant d'effectuer "
"des appels ou des accès. Ce style contraste avec le style :term:`EAFP` et se "
"caractérise par la présence de beaucoup d'instructions :keyword:`if`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:468
msgid ""
"In a multi-threaded environment, the LBYL approach can risk introducing a "
"race condition between \"the looking\" and \"the leaping\". For example, "
"the code, ``if key in mapping: return mapping[key]`` can fail if another "
"thread removes *key* from *mapping* after the test, but before the lookup. "
"This issue can be solved with locks or by using the EAFP approach."
msgstr ""
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"Dans un environnement avec plusieurs fils d'exécution (*multi-threaded* en "
"anglais), le style *LBYL* peut engendrer un séquencement critique (*race "
"condition* en anglais) entre le \"regarde\" et le \"tomber\". Par exemple, "
"le code ``if key in mapping: return mapping[key]`` peut échouer si un autre "
"fil d'exécution supprime la clé *key* du *mapping* après le test mais avant "
"l'accès. Ce problème peut être résolu avec des verrous (*locks*) ou avec "
"l'approche EAFP."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:473
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msgid "list"
2017-10-23 20:33:03 +00:00
msgstr "*list*"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:475
msgid ""
"A built-in Python :term:`sequence`. Despite its name it is more akin to an "
"array in other languages than to a linked list since access to elements are "
"O(1)."
msgstr ""
"Un type natif de :term:`sequence` dans Python. En dépit de son nom, une "
"``list`` ressemble plus à un *array* qu'à une liste chaînée puisque les "
"accès se font en O(1)."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:478
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msgid "list comprehension"
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msgstr "liste en compréhension (ou liste en intension)"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:480
msgid ""
"A compact way to process all or part of the elements in a sequence and "
"return a list with the results. ``result = [\"0x%02x\" % x for x in "
"range(256) if x % 2 == 0]`` generates a list of strings containing even hex "
"numbers (0x..) in the range from 0 to 255. The :keyword:`if` clause is "
"optional. If omitted, all elements in ``range(256)`` are processed."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:486
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msgid "loader"
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msgstr "chargeur"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:488
msgid ""
"An object that loads a module. It must define a method named :meth:"
"`load_module`. A loader is typically returned by a :term:`finder`. See :pep:"
"`302` for details."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:491
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "mapping"
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msgstr "Tableau de correspondances"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:493
msgid ""
"A container object that supports arbitrary key lookups and implements the "
"methods specified in the :class:`~collections.Mapping` or :class:"
"`~collections.MutableMapping` :ref:`abstract base classes <collections-"
"abstract-base-classes>`. Examples include :class:`dict`, :class:"
"`collections.defaultdict`, :class:`collections.OrderedDict` and :class:"
"`collections.Counter`."
msgstr ""
2017-05-16 21:42:15 +00:00
"Un conteneur permettant d'accéder à des éléments par clef et implémente les "
"méthodes spécifiées dans :class:`~collections.Mapping` ou :class:"
"`~collections.MutableMapping :ref:`classes de base abstraites <collections-"
"abstract-base-classes>`. Les classes suivantes sont des exemples de "
"mapping: :class:`dict`, :class:`collections.defaultdict`, :class:"
"`collections.OrderedDict`, et :class:`collections.Counter`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:499
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "metaclass"
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
msgstr "métaclasse"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:501
msgid ""
"The class of a class. Class definitions create a class name, a class "
"dictionary, and a list of base classes. The metaclass is responsible for "
"taking those three arguments and creating the class. Most object oriented "
"programming languages provide a default implementation. What makes Python "
"special is that it is possible to create custom metaclasses. Most users "
"never need this tool, but when the need arises, metaclasses can provide "
"powerful, elegant solutions. They have been used for logging attribute "
"access, adding thread-safety, tracking object creation, implementing "
"singletons, and many other tasks."
msgstr ""
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"Classe d'une classe. Les définitions de classe créent un nom pour la classe, "
"un dictionnaire de classe et une liste de classes parentes. La métaclasse a "
"pour rôle de réunir ces trois paramètres pour construire la classe. La "
"plupart des langages orientés objet fournissent une implémentation par "
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"défaut. La particularité de Python est la possibilité de créer des "
"métaclasses personnalisées. La plupart des utilisateurs n'aura jamais besoin "
"de cet outil, mais lorsque le besoin survient, les métaclasses offrent des "
"solutions élégantes et puissantes. Elles sont utilisées pour journaliser les "
2018-10-10 16:34:12 +00:00
"accès à des propriétés, rendre sûr les environnements *multi-threads*, "
"suivre la création d'objets, implémenter des singletons et bien d'autres "
"tâches."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:511
msgid "More information can be found in :ref:`metaclasses`."
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
msgstr "Plus d'informations sont disponibles dans : :ref:`metaclasses`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:512
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "method"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "méthode"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:514
msgid ""
"A function which is defined inside a class body. If called as an attribute "
"of an instance of that class, the method will get the instance object as its "
"first :term:`argument` (which is usually called ``self``). See :term:"
"`function` and :term:`nested scope`."
msgstr ""
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"Fonction définie à l'intérieur d'une classe. Lorsqu'elle est appelée comme "
"un attribut d'une instance de cette classe, la méthode reçoit l'instance en "
"premier :term:`argument` (qui, par convention, est habituellement nommé "
"``self``). Voir :term:`function` et :term:`nested scope`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:518
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "method resolution order"
msgstr "ordre de résolution des méthodes"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:520
msgid ""
"Method Resolution Order is the order in which base classes are searched for "
"a member during lookup. See `The Python 2.3 Method Resolution Order <https://"
2016-01-23 09:06:00 +00:00
"www.python.org/download/releases/2.3/mro/>`_ for details of the algorithm "
"used by the Python interpreter since the 2.3 release."
msgstr ""
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"L'ordre de résolution des méthodes (*MRO* pour *Method Resolution Order* en "
"anglais) est, lors de la recherche d'un attribut dans les classes parentes, "
"la façon dont l'interpréteur Python classe ces classes parentes. Voir `The "
"Python 2.3 Method Resolution Order <https://www.python.org/download/"
"releases/2.3/mro/>`_ pour plus de détails sur l'algorithme utilisé par "
"l'interpréteur Python depuis la version 2.3."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:524
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "module"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "module"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:526
msgid ""
"An object that serves as an organizational unit of Python code. Modules "
"have a namespace containing arbitrary Python objects. Modules are loaded "
"into Python by the process of :term:`importing`."
msgstr ""
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"Objet utilisé pour organiser une portion unitaire de code en Python. Les "
"modules ont un espace de noms et peuvent contenir n'importe quels objets "
"Python. Charger des modules est appelé :term:`importer <importing>`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:530
msgid "See also :term:`package`."
msgstr "Voir aussi :term:`paquet`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:531
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "MRO"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "MRO"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:533
msgid "See :term:`method resolution order`."
2016-03-19 21:51:46 +00:00
msgstr "Voir :term:`ordre de résolution des méthodes`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:534
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "mutable"
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
msgstr "muable"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:536
msgid ""
"Mutable objects can change their value but keep their :func:`id`. See also :"
"term:`immutable`."
msgstr ""
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"Un objet muable peut changer de valeur tout en gardant le même :func:`id`. "
"Voir aussi :term:`immuable`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:538
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "named tuple"
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
msgstr "n-uplet nommé"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:540
msgid ""
"Any tuple-like class whose indexable elements are also accessible using "
"named attributes (for example, :func:`time.localtime` returns a tuple-like "
"object where the *year* is accessible either with an index such as ``t[0]`` "
"or with a named attribute like ``t.tm_year``)."
msgstr ""
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"(*named-tuple* en anglais) Classe qui, comme un *n-uplet* (*tuple* en "
"anglais), a ses éléments accessibles par leur indice. Et en plus, les "
"éléments sont accessibles par leur nom. Par exemple, :func:`time.localtime` "
"donne un objet ressemblant à un *n-uplet*, dont *year* est accessible par "
"son indice : ``t[0]`` ou par son nom : ``t.tm_year``)."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:545
msgid ""
"A named tuple can be a built-in type such as :class:`time.struct_time`, or "
"it can be created with a regular class definition. A full featured named "
"tuple can also be created with the factory function :func:`collections."
"namedtuple`. The latter approach automatically provides extra features such "
"as a self-documenting representation like ``Employee(name='jones', "
"title='programmer')``."
msgstr ""
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"Un *n-uplet nommé* peut être un type natif tel que :class:`time.struct_time` "
"ou il peut être construit comme une simple classe. Un *n-uplet nommé* "
"complet peut aussi être créé via la fonction :func:`collections.namedtuple`. "
"Cette dernière approche fournit automatiquement des fonctionnalités "
"supplémentaires, tel qu'une représentation lisible comme "
"``Employee(name='jones', title='programmer')``."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:551
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "namespace"
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
msgstr "espace de noms"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:553
msgid ""
"The place where a variable is stored. Namespaces are implemented as "
"dictionaries. There are the local, global and built-in namespaces as well "
"as nested namespaces in objects (in methods). Namespaces support modularity "
"by preventing naming conflicts. For instance, the functions :func:"
"`__builtin__.open` and :func:`os.open` are distinguished by their "
"namespaces. Namespaces also aid readability and maintainability by making "
"it clear which module implements a function. For instance, writing :func:"
"`random.seed` or :func:`itertools.izip` makes it clear that those functions "
"are implemented by the :mod:`random` and :mod:`itertools` modules, "
"respectively."
msgstr ""
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:563
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "nested scope"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "portée imbriquée"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:565
msgid ""
"The ability to refer to a variable in an enclosing definition. For "
"instance, a function defined inside another function can refer to variables "
"in the outer function. Note that nested scopes work only for reference and "
"not for assignment which will always write to the innermost scope. In "
"contrast, local variables both read and write in the innermost scope. "
"Likewise, global variables read and write to the global namespace."
msgstr ""
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:571
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "new-style class"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "nouvelle classe"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:573
msgid ""
"Any class which inherits from :class:`object`. This includes all built-in "
"types like :class:`list` and :class:`dict`. Only new-style classes can use "
"Python's newer, versatile features like :attr:`~object.__slots__`, "
"descriptors, properties, and :meth:`__getattribute__`."
msgstr ""
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:578
msgid "More information can be found in :ref:`newstyle`."
msgstr ""
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:579
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "object"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "objet"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:581
msgid ""
"Any data with state (attributes or value) and defined behavior (methods). "
"Also the ultimate base class of any :term:`new-style class`."
msgstr ""
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"N'importe quelle donnée comportant des états (sous forme d'attributs ou "
"d'une valeur) et un comportement (des méthodes). C'est aussi (``object``) "
"l'ancêtre commun à absolument toutes les :term:`nouvelles classes <new-style "
"class>`."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:584
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
msgid "package"
2015-12-22 11:24:33 +00:00
msgstr "paquet"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:586
msgid ""
"A Python :term:`module` which can contain submodules or recursively, "
"subpackages. Technically, a package is a Python module with an ``__path__`` "
"attribute."
msgstr ""
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":term:`module` Python qui peut contenir des sous-modules ou des sous-"
"paquets. Techniquement, un paquet est un module qui possède un attribut "
"``__path__``."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:589
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msgid "parameter"
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msgstr "paramètre"
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2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:591
msgid ""
"A named entity in a :term:`function` (or method) definition that specifies "
"an :term:`argument` (or in some cases, arguments) that the function can "
"accept. There are four types of parameters:"
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:595
msgid ""
":dfn:`positional-or-keyword`: specifies an argument that can be passed "
"either :term:`positionally <argument>` or as a :term:`keyword argument "
"<argument>`. This is the default kind of parameter, for example *foo* and "
"*bar* in the following::"
msgstr ""
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":dfn:`positional-or-keyword`: l'argument peut être passé soit par sa :term:"
"`position <argument>`, soit en tant que :term:`argument nommé <argument>`. "
"C'est le type de paramètre par défaut. Par exemple, *foo* et *bar* dans "
"l'exemple suivant : ::"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:602
msgid ""
":dfn:`positional-only`: specifies an argument that can be supplied only by "
"position. Python has no syntax for defining positional-only parameters. "
"However, some built-in functions have positional-only parameters (e.g. :func:"
"`abs`)."
msgstr ""
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":dfn:`positional-only`: l'argument ne peut être donné que par sa position. "
"Python n'a pas de syntaxe pour déclarer de tels paramètres, cependant des "
"fonctions natives, comme :func:`abs`, en utilisent."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:607
msgid ""
":dfn:`var-positional`: specifies that an arbitrary sequence of positional "
"arguments can be provided (in addition to any positional arguments already "
"accepted by other parameters). Such a parameter can be defined by "
"prepending the parameter name with ``*``, for example *args* in the "
"following::"
msgstr ""
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":dfn:`var-positional`: une séquence d'arguments positionnels peut être "
"fournie (en plus de tous les arguments positionnels déjà acceptés par "
"d'autres paramètres). Un tel paramètre peut être défini en préfixant son nom "
"par une ``*``. Par exemple *args* ci-après : ::"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:615
msgid ""
":dfn:`var-keyword`: specifies that arbitrarily many keyword arguments can be "
"provided (in addition to any keyword arguments already accepted by other "
"parameters). Such a parameter can be defined by prepending the parameter "
"name with ``**``, for example *kwargs* in the example above."
msgstr ""
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":dfn:`var-keyword`: une quantité arbitraire d'arguments peut être passée, "
"chacun étant nommé (en plus de tous les arguments nommés déjà acceptés par "
"d'autres paramètres). Un tel paramètre est défini en préfixant le nom du "
"paramètre par ``**``. Par exemple, *kwargs* ci-dessus."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:621
msgid ""
"Parameters can specify both optional and required arguments, as well as "
"default values for some optional arguments."
msgstr ""
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"Les paramètres peuvent spécifier des arguments obligatoires ou optionnels, "
"ainsi que des valeurs par défaut pour les arguments optionnels."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:624
msgid ""
"See also the :term:`argument` glossary entry, the FAQ question on :ref:`the "
"difference between arguments and parameters <faq-argument-vs-parameter>`, "
"and the :ref:`function` section."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:627
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msgid "positional argument"
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msgstr "argument positionnel"
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2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:630
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msgid "Python 3000"
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msgstr "Python 3000"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:632
msgid ""
"Nickname for the Python 3.x release line (coined long ago when the release "
"of version 3 was something in the distant future.) This is also abbreviated "
"\"Py3k\"."
msgstr ""
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"Surnom donné à la série des Python 3.x (très vieux surnom donné à l'époque "
2018-10-10 16:34:12 +00:00
"où Python 3 représentait un futur lointain). Aussi abrégé *Py3k*."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:635
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msgid "Pythonic"
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msgstr "*Pythonique*"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:637
msgid ""
"An idea or piece of code which closely follows the most common idioms of the "
"Python language, rather than implementing code using concepts common to "
"other languages. For example, a common idiom in Python is to loop over all "
"elements of an iterable using a :keyword:`for` statement. Many other "
"languages don't have this type of construct, so people unfamiliar with "
"Python sometimes use a numerical counter instead::"
msgstr ""
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"Idée, ou bout de code, qui colle aux idiomes de Python plutôt qu'aux "
"concepts communs rencontrés dans d'autres langages. Par exemple, il est "
"idiomatique en Python de parcourir les éléments d'un itérable en utilisant :"
"keyword:`for`. Beaucoup d'autres langages n'ont pas cette possibilité, donc "
"les gens qui ne sont pas habitués à Python utilisent parfois un compteur "
"numérique à la place : ::"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:647
msgid "As opposed to the cleaner, Pythonic method::"
msgstr ""
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"Plutôt qu'utiliser la méthode, plus propre et élégante, donc "
"*Pythonique* : ::"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:651
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msgid "reference count"
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msgstr "nombre de références"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:653
msgid ""
"The number of references to an object. When the reference count of an "
"object drops to zero, it is deallocated. Reference counting is generally "
"not visible to Python code, but it is a key element of the :term:`CPython` "
"implementation. The :mod:`sys` module defines a :func:`~sys.getrefcount` "
"function that programmers can call to return the reference count for a "
"particular object."
msgstr ""
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"Nombre de références à un objet. Lorsque le nombre de références à un objet "
"descend à zéro, l'objet est désalloué. Le comptage de référence n'est "
"généralement pas visible dans le code Python, mais c'est un élément clé de "
"l'implémentation :term:`CPython`. Le module :mod:`sys` définit une fonction :"
"func:`~sys.getrefcount` que les développeurs peuvent utiliser pour obtenir "
2018-07-03 09:30:39 +00:00
"le nombre de références à un objet donné."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:659
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msgid "__slots__"
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msgstr "``__slots__``"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:661
msgid ""
"A declaration inside a :term:`new-style class` that saves memory by pre-"
"declaring space for instance attributes and eliminating instance "
"dictionaries. Though popular, the technique is somewhat tricky to get right "
"and is best reserved for rare cases where there are large numbers of "
"instances in a memory-critical application."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:666
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msgid "sequence"
msgstr "séquence"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:668
msgid ""
"An :term:`iterable` which supports efficient element access using integer "
"indices via the :meth:`__getitem__` special method and defines a :meth:`len` "
"method that returns the length of the sequence. Some built-in sequence types "
"are :class:`list`, :class:`str`, :class:`tuple`, and :class:`unicode`. Note "
"that :class:`dict` also supports :meth:`__getitem__` and :meth:`__len__`, "
"but is considered a mapping rather than a sequence because the lookups use "
"arbitrary :term:`immutable` keys rather than integers."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:676
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msgid "slice"
msgstr "tranche"
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2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:678
msgid ""
"An object usually containing a portion of a :term:`sequence`. A slice is "
"created using the subscript notation, ``[]`` with colons between numbers "
"when several are given, such as in ``variable_name[1:3:5]``. The bracket "
"(subscript) notation uses :class:`slice` objects internally (or in older "
"versions, :meth:`__getslice__` and :meth:`__setslice__`)."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:683
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msgid "special method"
msgstr "méthode spéciale"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:685
msgid ""
"A method that is called implicitly by Python to execute a certain operation "
"on a type, such as addition. Such methods have names starting and ending "
"with double underscores. Special methods are documented in :ref:"
"`specialnames`."
msgstr ""
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"(*special method* en anglais) Méthode appelée implicitement par Python pour "
"exécuter une opération sur un type, comme une addition. De telles méthodes "
"ont des noms commençant et terminant par des doubles tirets bas. Les "
"méthodes spéciales sont documentées dans :ref:`specialnames`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:689
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msgid "statement"
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msgstr "instruction"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:691
msgid ""
"A statement is part of a suite (a \"block\" of code). A statement is either "
"an :term:`expression` or one of several constructs with a keyword, such as :"
"keyword:`if`, :keyword:`while` or :keyword:`for`."
msgstr ""
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"Une instruction (*statement* en anglais) est un composant d'un \"bloc\" de "
"code. Une instruction est soit une :term:`expression`, soit une ou plusieurs "
"constructions basées sur un mot-clé, comme :keyword:`if`, :keyword:`while` "
"ou :keyword:`for`."
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:694
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msgid "struct sequence"
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msgstr "*struct sequence*"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:696
msgid ""
"A tuple with named elements. Struct sequences expose an interface similiar "
"to :term:`named tuple` in that elements can either be accessed either by "
"index or as an attribute. However, they do not have any of the named tuple "
"methods like :meth:`~collections.somenamedtuple._make` or :meth:"
"`~collections.somenamedtuple._asdict`. Examples of struct sequences include :"
"data:`sys.float_info` and the return value of :func:`os.stat`."
msgstr ""
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:702
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msgid "triple-quoted string"
msgstr "chaîne entre triple guillemets"
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2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:704
msgid ""
"A string which is bound by three instances of either a quotation mark (\") "
"or an apostrophe ('). While they don't provide any functionality not "
"available with single-quoted strings, they are useful for a number of "
"reasons. They allow you to include unescaped single and double quotes "
"within a string and they can span multiple lines without the use of the "
"continuation character, making them especially useful when writing "
"docstrings."
msgstr ""
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"Chaîne qui est délimitée par trois guillemets simples (``'``) ou trois "
"guillemets doubles (``\"``). Bien qu'elle ne fournisse aucune fonctionnalité "
"qui ne soit pas disponible avec une chaîne entre guillemets, elle est utile "
"pour de nombreuses raisons. Elle vous autorise à insérer des guillemets "
"simples et doubles dans une chaîne sans avoir à les protéger et elle peut "
"s'étendre sur plusieurs lignes sans avoir à terminer chaque ligne par un ``"
"\\``. Elle est ainsi particulièrement utile pour les chaînes de "
"documentation (*docstrings*)."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:711
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msgid "type"
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msgstr "type"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:713
msgid ""
"The type of a Python object determines what kind of object it is; every "
"object has a type. An object's type is accessible as its :attr:`~instance."
"__class__` attribute or can be retrieved with ``type(obj)``."
msgstr ""
"Le type d'un objet Python détermine quel genre d'objet c'est. Tous les "
"objets ont un type. Le type d'un objet peut être obtenu via son attribut :"
"attr:`~instance.__class__` ou via ``type(obj)``."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:717
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msgid "universal newlines"
msgstr "retours à la ligne universels"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:719
msgid ""
"A manner of interpreting text streams in which all of the following are "
"recognized as ending a line: the Unix end-of-line convention ``'\\n'``, the "
"Windows convention ``'\\r\\n'``, and the old Macintosh convention "
"``'\\r'``. See :pep:`278` and :pep:`3116`, as well as :func:`str."
"splitlines` for an additional use."
msgstr ""
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:724
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msgid "virtual environment"
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msgstr "environnement virtuel"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:726
msgid ""
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"A cooperatively isolated runtime environment that allows Python users and "
"applications to install and upgrade Python distribution packages without "
"interfering with the behaviour of other Python applications running on the "
"same system."
msgstr ""
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"Environnement d'exécution isolé (en mode coopératif) qui permet aux "
"utilisateurs de Python et aux applications d'installer et de mettre à jour "
"des paquets sans interférer avec d'autres applications Python fonctionnant "
"sur le même système."
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:730
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msgid "virtual machine"
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msgstr "machine virtuelle"
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#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:732
msgid ""
"A computer defined entirely in software. Python's virtual machine executes "
"the :term:`bytecode` emitted by the bytecode compiler."
msgstr ""
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"Ordinateur défini entièrement par du logiciel. La machine virtuelle "
"(*virtual machine*) de Python exécute le :term:`bytecode` produit par le "
"compilateur de *bytecode*."
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:734
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msgid "Zen of Python"
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msgstr "Le zen de Python"
2015-12-21 23:52:40 +00:00
2016-03-14 22:22:08 +00:00
#: ../Doc/glossary.rst:736
msgid ""
"Listing of Python design principles and philosophies that are helpful in "
"understanding and using the language. The listing can be found by typing "
"\"``import this``\" at the interactive prompt."
msgstr ""
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"Liste de principes et de préceptes utiles pour comprendre et utiliser le "
"langage. Cette liste peut être obtenue en tapant \"``import this``\" dans "
"une invite Python interactive."